Pach series "Add FOLL_LONGTERM to GUP fast and use it".

HFI1, qib, and mthca, use get_user_pages_fast() due to its performance
advantages.  These pages can be held for a significant time.  But
get_user_pages_fast() does not protect against mapping FS DAX pages.

Introduce FOLL_LONGTERM and use this flag in get_user_pages_fast() which
retains the performance while also adding the FS DAX checks.  XDP has also
shown interest in using this functionality.[1]

In addition we change get_user_pages() to use the new FOLL_LONGTERM flag
and remove the specialized get_user_pages_longterm call.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/3/19/939

"longterm" is a relative thing and at this point is probably a misnomer.
This is really flagging a pin which is going to be given to hardware and
can't move.  I've thought of a couple of alternative names but I think we
have to settle on if we are going to use FL_LAYOUT or something else to
solve the "longterm" problem.  Then I think we can change the flag to a
better name.

Secondly, it depends on how often you are registering memory.  I have
spoken with some RDMA users who consider MR in the performance path...
For the overall application performance.  I don't have the numbers as the
tests for HFI1 were done a long time ago.  But there was a significant
advantage.  Some of which is probably due to the fact that you don't have
to hold mmap_sem.

Finally, architecturally I think it would be good for everyone to use
*_fast.  There are patches submitted to the RDMA list which would allow
the use of *_fast (they reworking the use of mmap_sem) and as soon as they
are accepted I'll submit a patch to convert the RDMA core as well.  Also
to this point others are looking to use *_fast.

As an aside, Jasons pointed out in my previous submission that *_fast and
*_unlocked look very much the same.  I agree and I think further cleanup
will be coming.  But I'm focused on getting the final solution for DAX at
the moment.

This patch (of 7):

This patch starts a series which aims to support FOLL_LONGTERM in
get_user_pages_fast().  Some callers who would like to do a longterm (user
controlled pin) of pages with the fast variant of GUP for performance
purposes.

Rather than have a separate get_user_pages_longterm() call, introduce
FOLL_LONGTERM and change the longterm callers to use it.

This patch does not change any functionality.  In the short term
"longterm" or user controlled pins are unsafe for Filesystems and FS DAX
in particular has been blocked.  However, callers of get_user_pages_fast()
were not "protected".

FOLL_LONGTERM can _only_ be supported with get_user_pages[_fast]() as it
requires vmas to determine if DAX is in use.

NOTE: In merging with the CMA changes we opt to change the
get_user_pages() call in check_and_migrate_cma_pages() to a call of
__get_user_pages_locked() on the newly migrated pages.  This makes the
code read better in that we are calling __get_user_pages_locked() on the
pages before and after a potential migration.

As a side affect some of the interfaces are cleaned up but this is not the
primary purpose of the series.

In review[1] it was asked:

<quote>
> This I don't get - if you do lock down long term mappings performance
> of the actual get_user_pages call shouldn't matter to start with.
>
> What do I miss?

A couple of points.

First "longterm" is a relative thing and at this point is probably a
misnomer.  This is really flagging a pin which is going to be given to
hardware and can't move.  I've thought of a couple of alternative names
but I think we have to settle on if we are going to use FL_LAYOUT or
something else to solve the "longterm" problem.  Then I think we can
change the flag to a better name.

Second, It depends on how often you are registering memory.  I have spoken
with some RDMA users who consider MR in the performance path...  For the
overall application performance.  I don't have the numbers as the tests
for HFI1 were done a long time ago.  But there was a significant
advantage.  Some of which is probably due to the fact that you don't have
to hold mmap_sem.

Finally, architecturally I think it would be good for everyone to use
*_fast.  There are patches submitted to the RDMA list which would allow
the use of *_fast (they reworking the use of mmap_sem) and as soon as they
are accepted I'll submit a patch to convert the RDMA core as well.  Also
to this point others are looking to use *_fast.

As an asside, Jasons pointed out in my previous submission that *_fast and
*_unlocked look very much the same.  I agree and I think further cleanup
will be coming.  But I'm focused on getting the final solution for DAX at
the moment.

</quote>

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190220180255.GA12020@iweiny-DESK2.sc.intel.com/T/#md6abad2569f3bf6c1f03686c8097ab6563e94965

[ira.weiny@intel.com: v3]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190328084422.29911-2-ira.weiny@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190328084422.29911-2-ira.weiny@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190317183438.2057-2-ira.weiny@intel.comSigned-off-by: NIra Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This issue is found by running liburing/test/io_uring_setup test.

When test run, the testcase "attempt to bind to invalid cpu" would not
pass with messages like:
   io_uring_setup(1, 0xbfc2f7c8), \
flags: IORING_SETUP_SQPOLL|IORING_SETUP_SQ_AFF, \
resv: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000, \
sq_thread_cpu: 2
   expected -1, got 3
   FAIL

On my system, there is:
   CPU(s) possible : 0-3
   CPU(s) online   : 0-1
   CPU(s) offline  : 2-3
   CPU(s) present  : 0-1

The sq_thread_cpu 2 is offline on my system, so the bind should fail.
But cpu_possible() will pass the check. We shouldn't be able to bind
to an offline cpu. Use cpu_online() to do the check.

After the change, the testcase run as expected: EINVAL will be returned
for cpu offlined.
Reviewed-by: NJeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NShenghui Wang <shhuiw@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Currently variable ret is declared in a while-loop code block that
shadows another variable ret. When an error occurs in the while-loop
the error return in ret is not being set in the outer code block and
so the error check on ret is always going to be checking on the wrong
ret variable resulting in check that is always going to be true and
a premature return occurs.

Fix this by removing the declaration of the inner while-loop variable
ret so that shadowing does not occur.

Addresses-Coverity: ("'Constant' variable guards dead code")
Fixes: 6b06314c ("io_uring: add file set registration")
Signed-off-by: NColin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

No need to set it in io_poll_add; io_poll_complete doesn't use it to set
the result in the CQE.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Allow registration of an eventfd, which will trigger an event every
time a completion event happens for this io_uring instance.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This behaves just like sync_file_range(2) does.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

There are no ordering constraints between the submission and completion
side of io_uring. But sometimes that would be useful to have. One common
example is doing an fsync, for instance, and have it ordered with
previous writes. Without support for that, the application must do this
tracking itself.

This adds a general SQE flag, IOSQE_IO_DRAIN. If a command is marked
with this flag, then it will not be issued before previous commands have
completed, and subsequent commands submitted after the drain will not be
issued before the drain is started.. If there are no pending commands,
setting this flag will not change the behavior of the issue of the
command.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

In io_sqe_buffer_register() we allocate a number of arrays based on the
iov_len from the user-provided iov. While we limit iov_len to SZ_1G,
we can still attempt to allocate arrays exceeding MAX_ORDER.

On a 64-bit system with 4KiB pages, for an iov where iov_base = 0x10 and
iov_len = SZ_1G, we'll calculate that nr_pages = 262145. When we try to
allocate a corresponding array of (16-byte) bio_vecs, requiring 4194320
bytes, which is greater than 4MiB. This results in SLUB warning that
we're trying to allocate greater than MAX_ORDER, and failing the
allocation.

Avoid this by using kvmalloc() for allocations dependent on the
user-provided iov_len. At the same time, fix a leak of imu->bvec when
registration fails.

Full splat from before this patch:

WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 2314 at mm/page_alloc.c:4595 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x7ac/0x2938 mm/page_alloc.c:4595
Kernel panic - not syncing: panic_on_warn set ...
CPU: 1 PID: 2314 Comm: syz-executor326 Not tainted 5.1.0-rc7-dirty #4
Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
Call trace:
 dump_backtrace+0x0/0x2f0 include/linux/compiler.h:193
 show_stack+0x20/0x30 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:158
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
 dump_stack+0x110/0x190 lib/dump_stack.c:113
 panic+0x384/0x68c kernel/panic.c:214
 __warn+0x2bc/0x2c0 kernel/panic.c:571
 report_bug+0x228/0x2d8 lib/bug.c:186
 bug_handler+0xa0/0x1a0 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:956
 call_break_hook arch/arm64/kernel/debug-monitors.c:301 [inline]
 brk_handler+0x1d4/0x388 arch/arm64/kernel/debug-monitors.c:316
 do_debug_exception+0x1a0/0x468 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c:831
 el1_dbg+0x18/0x8c
 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x7ac/0x2938 mm/page_alloc.c:4595
 alloc_pages_current+0x164/0x278 mm/mempolicy.c:2132
 alloc_pages include/linux/gfp.h:509 [inline]
 kmalloc_order+0x20/0x50 mm/slab_common.c:1231
 kmalloc_order_trace+0x30/0x2b0 mm/slab_common.c:1243
 kmalloc_large include/linux/slab.h:480 [inline]
 __kmalloc+0x3dc/0x4f0 mm/slub.c:3791
 kmalloc_array include/linux/slab.h:670 [inline]
 io_sqe_buffer_register fs/io_uring.c:2472 [inline]
 __io_uring_register fs/io_uring.c:2962 [inline]
 __do_sys_io_uring_register fs/io_uring.c:3008 [inline]
 __se_sys_io_uring_register fs/io_uring.c:2990 [inline]
 __arm64_sys_io_uring_register+0x9e0/0x1bc8 fs/io_uring.c:2990
 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline]
 invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:47 [inline]
 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x148/0x2e0 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:83
 el0_svc_handler+0xdc/0x100 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:129
 el0_svc+0x8/0xc arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:948
SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
Dumping ftrace buffer:
   (ftrace buffer empty)
Kernel Offset: disabled
CPU features: 0x002,23000438
Memory Limit: none
Rebooting in 1 seconds..

Fixes: edafccee ("io_uring: add support for pre-mapped user IO buffers")
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

If we don't end up actually calling submit in io_sq_wq_submit_work(),
we still need to drop the submit reference to the request. If we
don't, then we can leak the request. This can happen if we race
with ring shutdown while flushing the workqueue for requests that
require use of the mm_struct.

Fixes: e65ef56d ("io_uring: use regular request ref counts")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

If io_allocate_scq_urings() fails to allocate an sq_* region, it will
call io_mem_free() for any previously allocated regions, but leave
dangling pointers to these regions in the ctx. Any regions which have
not yet been allocated are left NULL. Note that when returning
-EOVERFLOW, the previously allocated sq_ring is not freed, which appears
to be an unintentional leak.

When io_allocate_scq_urings() fails, io_uring_create() will call
io_ring_ctx_wait_and_kill(), which calls io_mem_free() on all the sq_*
regions, assuming the pointers are valid and not NULL.

This can result in pages being freed multiple times, which has been
observed to corrupt the page state, leading to subsequent fun. This can
also result in virt_to_page() on NULL, resulting in the use of bogus
page addresses, and yet more subsequent fun. The latter can be detected
with CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL on arm64.

Adding a cleanup path to io_allocate_scq_urings() complicates the logic,
so let's leave it to io_ring_ctx_free() to consistently free these
pointers, and simplify the io_allocate_scq_urings() error paths.

Full splats from before this patch below. Note that the pointer logged
by the DEBUG_VIRTUAL "non-linear address" warning has been hashed, and
is actually NULL.

[   26.098129] page:ffff80000e949a00 count:0 mapcount:-128 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[   26.102976] flags: 0x63fffc000000()
[   26.104373] raw: 000063fffc000000 ffff80000e86c188 ffff80000ea3df08 0000000000000000
[   26.108917] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffff7f 0000000000000000
[   26.137235] page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) == 0)
[   26.143960] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[   26.146020] kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:547!
[   26.147586] Internal error: Oops - BUG: 0 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[   26.149163] Modules linked in:
[   26.150287] Process syz-executor.21 (pid: 20204, stack limit = 0x000000000e9cefeb)
[   26.153307] CPU: 2 PID: 20204 Comm: syz-executor.21 Not tainted 5.1.0-rc7-00004-g7d30b2ea43d6 #18
[   26.156566] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[   26.158089] pstate: 40400005 (nZcv daif +PAN -UAO)
[   26.159869] pc : io_mem_free+0x9c/0xa8
[   26.161436] lr : io_mem_free+0x9c/0xa8
[   26.162720] sp : ffff000013003d60
[   26.164048] x29: ffff000013003d60 x28: ffff800025048040
[   26.165804] x27: 0000000000000000 x26: ffff800025048040
[   26.167352] x25: 00000000000000c0 x24: ffff0000112c2820
[   26.169682] x23: 0000000000000000 x22: 0000000020000080
[   26.171899] x21: ffff80002143b418 x20: ffff80002143b400
[   26.174236] x19: ffff80002143b280 x18: 0000000000000000
[   26.176607] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000
[   26.178997] x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 0000000000000000
[   26.181508] x13: 00009178a5e077b2 x12: 0000000000000001
[   26.183863] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000980
[   26.186437] x9 : ffff000013003a80 x8 : ffff800025048a20
[   26.189006] x7 : ffff8000250481c0 x6 : ffff80002ffe9118
[   26.191359] x5 : ffff80002ffe9118 x4 : 0000000000000000
[   26.193863] x3 : ffff80002ffefe98 x2 : 44c06ddd107d1f00
[   26.196642] x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 000000000000003e
[   26.198892] Call trace:
[   26.199893]  io_mem_free+0x9c/0xa8
[   26.201155]  io_ring_ctx_wait_and_kill+0xec/0x180
[   26.202688]  io_uring_setup+0x6c4/0x6f0
[   26.204091]  __arm64_sys_io_uring_setup+0x18/0x20
[   26.205576]  el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x7c/0xe8
[   26.207186]  el0_svc_handler+0x28/0x78
[   26.208389]  el0_svc+0x8/0xc
[   26.209408] Code: aa0203e0 d0006861 9133a021 97fcdc3c (d4210000)
[   26.211995] ---[ end trace bdb81cd43a21e50d ]---

[   81.770626] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[   81.825015] virt_to_phys used for non-linear address: 000000000d42f2c7 (          (null))
[   81.827860] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 30171 at arch/arm64/mm/physaddr.c:15 __virt_to_phys+0x48/0x68
[   81.831202] Modules linked in:
[   81.832212] CPU: 1 PID: 30171 Comm: syz-executor.20 Not tainted 5.1.0-rc7-00004-g7d30b2ea43d6 #19
[   81.835616] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[   81.836863] pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO)
[   81.838727] pc : __virt_to_phys+0x48/0x68
[   81.840572] lr : __virt_to_phys+0x48/0x68
[   81.842264] sp : ffff80002cf67c70
[   81.843858] x29: ffff80002cf67c70 x28: ffff800014358e18
[   81.846463] x27: 0000000000000000 x26: 0000000020000080
[   81.849148] x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffff80001bb01f40
[   81.851986] x23: ffff200011db06c8 x22: ffff2000127e3c60
[   81.854351] x21: ffff800014358cc0 x20: ffff800014358d98
[   81.856711] x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000000
[   81.859132] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000
[   81.861586] x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 0000000000000000
[   81.863905] x13: 0000000000000000 x12: ffff1000037603e9
[   81.866226] x11: 1ffff000037603e8 x10: 0000000000000980
[   81.868776] x9 : ffff80002cf67840 x8 : ffff80001bb02920
[   81.873272] x7 : ffff1000037603e9 x6 : ffff80001bb01f47
[   81.875266] x5 : ffff1000037603e9 x4 : dfff200000000000
[   81.876875] x3 : ffff200010087528 x2 : ffff1000059ecf58
[   81.878751] x1 : 44c06ddd107d1f00 x0 : 0000000000000000
[   81.880453] Call trace:
[   81.881164]  __virt_to_phys+0x48/0x68
[   81.882919]  io_mem_free+0x18/0x110
[   81.886585]  io_ring_ctx_wait_and_kill+0x13c/0x1f0
[   81.891212]  io_uring_setup+0xa60/0xad0
[   81.892881]  __arm64_sys_io_uring_setup+0x2c/0x38
[   81.894398]  el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xac/0x150
[   81.896306]  el0_svc_handler+0x34/0x88
[   81.897744]  el0_svc+0x8/0xc
[   81.898715] ---[ end trace b4a703802243cbba ]---

Fixes: 2b188cc1 ("Add io_uring IO interface")
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

In io_sq_offload_start(), we call cpu_possible() on an unbounded cpu
value from userspace. On v5.1-rc7 on arm64 with
CONFIG_DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS, this results in a splat:

  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 cpu_max_bits_warn include/linux/cpumask.h:121 [inline]

There was an attempt to fix this in commit:

  917257da ("io_uring: only test SQPOLL cpu after we've verified it")

... by adding a check after the cpu value had been limited to NR_CPU_IDS
using array_index_nospec(). However, this left an unbound check at the
start of the function, for which the warning still fires.

Let's fix this correctly by checking that the cpu value is bound by
nr_cpu_ids before passing it to cpu_possible(). Note that only
nr_cpu_ids of a cpumask are guaranteed to exist at runtime, and
nr_cpu_ids can be significantly smaller than NR_CPUs. For example, an
arm64 defconfig has NR_CPUS=256, while my test VM has 4 vCPUs.

Following the intent from the commit message for 917257da, the
check is moved under the SQ_AFF branch, which is the only branch where
the cpu values is consumed. The check is performed before bounding the
value with array_index_nospec() so that we don't silently accept bogus
cpu values from userspace, where array_index_nospec() would force these
values to 0.

I suspect we can remove the array_index_nospec() call entirely, but I've
conservatively left that in place, updated to use nr_cpu_ids to match
the prior check.

Tested on arm64 with the Syzkaller reproducer:

  https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=cd714a07c6de2bc34293
  https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.syz?x=15d8b397200000

Full splat from before this patch:

WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 cpu_max_bits_warn include/linux/cpumask.h:121 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 cpumask_check include/linux/cpumask.h:128 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 cpumask_test_cpu include/linux/cpumask.h:344 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 io_sq_offload_start fs/io_uring.c:2244 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 io_uring_create fs/io_uring.c:2864 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 27601 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 io_uring_setup+0x1108/0x15a0 fs/io_uring.c:2916
Kernel panic - not syncing: panic_on_warn set ...
CPU: 1 PID: 27601 Comm: syz-executor.0 Not tainted 5.1.0-rc7 #3
Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
Call trace:
 dump_backtrace+0x0/0x2f0 include/linux/compiler.h:193
 show_stack+0x20/0x30 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:158
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
 dump_stack+0x110/0x190 lib/dump_stack.c:113
 panic+0x384/0x68c kernel/panic.c:214
 __warn+0x2bc/0x2c0 kernel/panic.c:571
 report_bug+0x228/0x2d8 lib/bug.c:186
 bug_handler+0xa0/0x1a0 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:956
 call_break_hook arch/arm64/kernel/debug-monitors.c:301 [inline]
 brk_handler+0x1d4/0x388 arch/arm64/kernel/debug-monitors.c:316
 do_debug_exception+0x1a0/0x468 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c:831
 el1_dbg+0x18/0x8c
 cpu_max_bits_warn include/linux/cpumask.h:121 [inline]
 cpumask_check include/linux/cpumask.h:128 [inline]
 cpumask_test_cpu include/linux/cpumask.h:344 [inline]
 io_sq_offload_start fs/io_uring.c:2244 [inline]
 io_uring_create fs/io_uring.c:2864 [inline]
 io_uring_setup+0x1108/0x15a0 fs/io_uring.c:2916
 __do_sys_io_uring_setup fs/io_uring.c:2929 [inline]
 __se_sys_io_uring_setup fs/io_uring.c:2926 [inline]
 __arm64_sys_io_uring_setup+0x50/0x70 fs/io_uring.c:2926
 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline]
 invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:47 [inline]
 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x148/0x2e0 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:83
 el0_svc_handler+0xdc/0x100 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:129
 el0_svc+0x8/0xc arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:948
SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
Dumping ftrace buffer:
   (ftrace buffer empty)
Kernel Offset: disabled
CPU features: 0x002,23000438
Memory Limit: none
Rebooting in 1 seconds..

Fixes: 917257da ("io_uring: only test SQPOLL cpu after we've verified it")
Signed-off-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

Simplied the logic
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Currently we only post a cqe if we get an error OUTSIDE of submission.
For submission, we return the error directly through io_uring_enter().
This is a bit awkward for applications, and it makes more sense to
always post a cqe with an error, if the error happens on behalf of an
sqe.

This changes submission behavior a bit. io_uring_enter() returns -ERROR
for an error, and > 0 for number of sqes submitted. Before this change,
if you wanted to submit 8 entries and had an error on the 5th entry,
io_uring_enter() would return 4 (for number of entries successfully
submitted) and rewind the sqring. The application would then have to
peek at the sqring and figure out what was wrong with the head sqe, and
then skip it itself. With this change, we'll return 5 since we did
consume 5 sqes, and the last sqe (with the error) will result in a cqe
being posted with the error.

This makes the logic easier to handle in the application, and it cleans
up the submission part.
Suggested-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

There is no operation to order with afterwards, and removing the flag is
not critical in any way.

There will always be a "race condition" where the application will
trigger IORING_ENTER_SQ_WAKEUP when it isn't actually needed.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

smp_store_release in io_commit_sqring already orders the store to
dropped before the update to SQ head.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

There is no operation before to order with.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

There is no operation afterwards to order with.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

The memory operations before reading cq head are unrelated and we
don't care about their order.

Document that the control dependency in combination with READ_ONCE and
WRITE_ONCE forms a barrier we need.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

wq_has_sleeper has a full barrier internally. The smp_rmb barrier in
io_uring_poll synchronizes with it.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

The application reading the CQ ring needs a barrier to pair with the
smp_store_release in io_commit_cqring, not the barrier after it.

Also a write barrier *after* writing something (but not *before*
writing anything interesting) doesn't order anything, so an smp_wmb()
after writing SQ tail is not needed.

Additionally consider reading SQ head and writing CQ tail in the notes.

Also add some clarifications how the various other fields in the ring
buffers are used.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Not all request types set REQ_F_FORCE_NONBLOCK when they needed async
punting; reverse logic instead and set REQ_F_NOWAIT if request mustn't
be punted.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>

Merged with my previous patch for this.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Since commit 09bb8394 we don't use the state argument for any sort
of on-stack caching in the io read and write path. Remove the stale
and unused argument from them, and bubble it up to __io_submit_sqe()
and down to io_prep_rw().
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

io_uring_poll shouldn't signal EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM if the queue is
full; the old check would always signal EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM (unless
there were U32_MAX - 1 entries in the SQ queue).
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Reading the SQ tail needs to come after setting IORING_SQ_NEED_WAKEUP in
flags; there is no cheap barrier for ordering a store before a load, a
full memory barrier is required.

Userspace needs a full memory barrier between updating SQ tail and
checking for the IORING_SQ_NEED_WAKEUP too.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

A read memory barrier is required between reading SQ tail and reading
the actual data belonging to the SQ entry.

Userspace needs a matching write barrier between writing SQ entries and
updating SQ tail (using smp_store_release to update tail will do).
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

If we have multiple threads doing io_uring_register(2) on an io_uring
fd, then we can potentially try and kill the percpu reference while
someone else has already killed it.

Prevent this race by failing io_uring_register(2) if the ref is marked
dying. This is safe since we're inside the io_uring mutex.

Fixes: b19062a5 ("io_uring: fix possible deadlock between io_uring_{enter,register}")
Reported-by: Nsyzbot <syzbot+10d25e23199614b7721f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This is a leftover from when the rings initially were not free flowing,
and hence a test for tail + 1 == head would indicate full. Since we now
let them wrap instead of mask them with the size, we need to check if
they drift more than the ring size from each other.

This fixes a case where we'd overwrite CQ ring entries, if the user
failed to reap completions. Both cases would ultimately result in lost
completions as the application violated the depth it asked for. The only
difference is that before this fix we'd return invalid entries for the
overflowed completions, instead of properly flagging it in the
cq_ring->overflow variable.
Reported-by: NStefan Bühler <source@stbuehler.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

If we have multiple threads, one doing io_uring_enter() while the other
is doing io_uring_register(), we can run into a deadlock between the
two. io_uring_register() must wait for existing users of the io_uring
instance to exit. But it does so while holding the io_uring mutex.
Callers of io_uring_enter() may need this mutex to make progress (and
eventually exit). If we wait for users to exit in io_uring_register(),
we can't do so with the io_uring mutex held without potentially risking
a deadlock.

Drop the io_uring mutex while waiting for existing callers to exit. This
is safe and guaranteed to make forward progress, since we already killed
the percpu ref before doing so. Hence later callers of io_uring_enter()
will be rejected.

Reported-by: syzbot+16dc03452dee970a0c3e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Since the fget/fput handling was reworked in commit 09bb8394, we
never call io_file_put() with state == NULL (and hence file != NULL)
anymore. Remove that case.
Reported-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

We currently call cpu_possible() even if we don't use the CPU. Move the
test under the SQ_AFF branch, which is the only place where we'll use
the value. Do the cpu_possible() test AFTER we've limited it to a max
of NR_CPUS. This avoids triggering the following warning:

WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7600 at include/linux/cpumask.h:121 cpu_max_bits_warn

if CONFIG_DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS is enabled.

While in there, also move the SQ thread idle period assignment inside
SETUP_SQPOLL, as we don't use it otherwise either.

Reported-by: syzbot+cd714a07c6de2bc34293@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 6c271ce2 ("io_uring: add submission polling")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

kthread expects this, or we can throw a warning on exit:

WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 7822 at kernel/kthread.c:399
__kthread_bind_mask+0x3b/0xc0 kernel/kthread.c:399
Kernel panic - not syncing: panic_on_warn set ...
CPU: 0 PID: 7822 Comm: syz-executor030 Not tainted 5.1.0-rc4-next-20190412
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS
Google 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
  dump_stack+0x172/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:113
  panic+0x2cb/0x72b kernel/panic.c:214
  __warn.cold+0x20/0x46 kernel/panic.c:576
  report_bug+0x263/0x2b0 lib/bug.c:186
  fixup_bug arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:179 [inline]
  fixup_bug arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:174 [inline]
  do_error_trap+0x11b/0x200 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:272
  do_invalid_op+0x37/0x50 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:291
  invalid_op+0x14/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:973
RIP: 0010:__kthread_bind_mask+0x3b/0xc0 kernel/kthread.c:399
Code: 48 89 fb e8 f7 ab 24 00 4c 89 e6 48 89 df e8 ac e1 02 00 31 ff 49 89
c4 48 89 c6 e8 7f ad 24 00 4d 85 e4 75 15 e8 d5 ab 24 00 <0f> 0b e8 ce ab
24 00 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 5d c3 e8 c0 ab 24 00 4c
RSP: 0018:ffff8880a89bfbb8 EFLAGS: 00010293
RAX: ffff88808ca7a280 RBX: ffff8880a98e4380 RCX: ffffffff814bdd11
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff814bdd1b RDI: 0000000000000007
RBP: ffff8880a89bfbd8 R08: ffff88808ca7a280 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffffffff87691148 R14: ffff8880a98e43a0 R15: ffffffff81c91e10
  __kthread_bind kernel/kthread.c:412 [inline]
  kthread_unpark+0x123/0x160 kernel/kthread.c:480
  kthread_stop+0xfa/0x6c0 kernel/kthread.c:556
  io_sq_thread_stop fs/io_uring.c:2057 [inline]
  io_sq_thread_stop fs/io_uring.c:2052 [inline]
  io_finish_async+0xab/0x180 fs/io_uring.c:2064
  io_ring_ctx_free fs/io_uring.c:2534 [inline]
  io_ring_ctx_wait_and_kill+0x133/0x510 fs/io_uring.c:2591
  io_uring_release+0x42/0x50 fs/io_uring.c:2599
  __fput+0x2e5/0x8d0 fs/file_table.c:278
  ____fput+0x16/0x20 fs/file_table.c:309
  task_work_run+0x14a/0x1c0 kernel/task_work.c:113
  exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:22 [inline]
  do_exit+0x90a/0x2fa0 kernel/exit.c:876
  do_group_exit+0x135/0x370 kernel/exit.c:980
  __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:991 [inline]
  __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:989 [inline]
  __x64_sys_exit_group+0x44/0x50 kernel/exit.c:989
  do_syscall_64+0x103/0x610 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe

Reported-by: syzbot+6d4a92619eb0ad08602b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 6c271ce2 ("io_uring: add submission polling")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This options spawns a kernel side thread that will poll for submissions
(and completions, if IORING_SETUP_IOPOLL is set). As this allows a user
to potentially use more cycles outside of the normal hierarchy,
restrict the use of this feature to root.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Will Deacon reported the following KASAN complaint:

[  149.890370] ==================================================================
[  149.891266] BUG: KASAN: double-free or invalid-free in io_sqe_files_unregister+0xa8/0x140
[  149.892218]
[  149.892411] CPU: 113 PID: 3974 Comm: io_uring_regist Tainted: G    B             5.1.0-rc3-00012-g40b114779944 #3
[  149.893623] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[  149.894169] Call trace:
[  149.894539]  dump_backtrace+0x0/0x228
[  149.895172]  show_stack+0x14/0x20
[  149.895747]  dump_stack+0xe8/0x124
[  149.896335]  print_address_description+0x60/0x258
[  149.897148]  kasan_report_invalid_free+0x78/0xb8
[  149.897936]  __kasan_slab_free+0x1fc/0x228
[  149.898641]  kasan_slab_free+0x10/0x18
[  149.899283]  kfree+0x70/0x1f8
[  149.899798]  io_sqe_files_unregister+0xa8/0x140
[  149.900574]  io_ring_ctx_wait_and_kill+0x190/0x3c0
[  149.901402]  io_uring_release+0x2c/0x48
[  149.902068]  __fput+0x18c/0x510
[  149.902612]  ____fput+0xc/0x18
[  149.903146]  task_work_run+0xf0/0x148
[  149.903778]  do_notify_resume+0x554/0x748
[  149.904467]  work_pending+0x8/0x10
[  149.905060]
[  149.905331] Allocated by task 3974:
[  149.905934]  __kasan_kmalloc.isra.0.part.1+0x48/0xf8
[  149.906786]  __kasan_kmalloc.isra.0+0xb8/0xd8
[  149.907531]  kasan_kmalloc+0xc/0x18
[  149.908134]  __kmalloc+0x168/0x248
[  149.908724]  __arm64_sys_io_uring_register+0x2b8/0x15a8
[  149.909622]  el0_svc_common+0x100/0x258
[  149.910281]  el0_svc_handler+0x48/0xc0
[  149.910928]  el0_svc+0x8/0xc
[  149.911425]
[  149.911696] Freed by task 3974:
[  149.912242]  __kasan_slab_free+0x114/0x228
[  149.912955]  kasan_slab_free+0x10/0x18
[  149.913602]  kfree+0x70/0x1f8
[  149.914118]  __arm64_sys_io_uring_register+0xc2c/0x15a8
[  149.915009]  el0_svc_common+0x100/0x258
[  149.915670]  el0_svc_handler+0x48/0xc0
[  149.916317]  el0_svc+0x8/0xc
[  149.916817]
[  149.917101] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8004ce07ed00
[  149.917101]  which belongs to the cache kmalloc-128 of size 128
[  149.919197] The buggy address is located 0 bytes inside of
[  149.919197]  128-byte region [ffff8004ce07ed00, ffff8004ce07ed80)
[  149.921142] The buggy address belongs to the page:
[  149.921953] page:ffff7e0013381f00 count:1 mapcount:0 mapping:ffff800503417c00 index:0x0 compound_mapcount: 0
[  149.923595] flags: 0x1ffff00000010200(slab|head)
[  149.924388] raw: 1ffff00000010200 dead000000000100 dead000000000200 ffff800503417c00
[  149.925706] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080400040 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
[  149.927011] page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
[  149.927956]
[  149.928224] Memory state around the buggy address:
[  149.929054]  ffff8004ce07ec00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
[  149.930274]  ffff8004ce07ec80: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
[  149.931494] >ffff8004ce07ed00: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
[  149.932712]                    ^
[  149.933281]  ffff8004ce07ed80: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
[  149.934508]  ffff8004ce07ee00: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
[  149.935725] ==================================================================

which is due to a failure in registrering a fileset. This frees the
ctx->user_files pointer, but doesn't clear it. When the io_uring
instance is later freed through the normal channels, we free this
pointer again. At this point it's invalid.

Ensure we clear the pointer when we free it for the error case.
Reported-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

In case of direct write -EAGAIN will be returned if page cache was
previously populated.  To avoid immediate completion of a request
with -EAGAIN error write has to be offloaded to the async worker,
like io_read() does.
Signed-off-by: NRoman Penyaev <rpenyaev@suse.de>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

On big-endian architectures, the signal masks are differnet
between 32-bit and 64-bit tasks, so we have to use a different
function for reading them from user space.

io_cqring_wait() initially got this wrong, and always interprets
this as a native structure. This is ok on x86 and most arm64,
but not on s390, ppc64be, mips64be, sparc64 and parisc.
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

For ITER_BVEC, if we're holding on to kernel pages, the caller
doesn't need to grab a reference to the bvec pages, and drop that
same reference on IO completion. This is essentially safe for any
ITER_BVEC, but some use cases end up reusing pages and uncondtionally
dropping a page reference on completion. And example of that is
sendfile(2), that ends up being a splice_in + splice_out on the
pipe pages.

Add a flag that tells us it's fine to not grab a page reference
to the bvec pages, since that caller knows not to drop a reference
when it's done with the pages.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

I've seen cases where bulk alloc fails, since the bulk alloc API
is all-or-nothing - either we get the number we ask for, or it
returns 0 as number of entries.

If we fail a batch bulk alloc, retry a "normal" kmem_cache_alloc()
and just use that instead of failing with -EAGAIN.

While in there, ensure we use GFP_KERNEL. That was an oversight in
the original code, when we switched away from GFP_ATOMIC.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This is a straight port of Al's fix for the aio poll implementation,
since the io_uring version is heavily based on that. The below
description is almost straight from that patch, just modified to
fit the io_uring situation.

io_poll() has to cope with several unpleasant problems:
	* requests that might stay around indefinitely need to
be made visible for io_cancel(2); that must not be done to
a request already completed, though.
	* in cases when ->poll() has placed us on a waitqueue,
wakeup might have happened (and request completed) before ->poll()
returns.
	* worse, in some early wakeup cases request might end
up re-added into the queue later - we can't treat "woken up and
currently not in the queue" as "it's not going to stick around
indefinitely"
	* ... moreover, ->poll() might have decided not to
put it on any queues to start with, and that needs to be distinguished
from the previous case
	* ->poll() might have tried to put us on more than one queue.
Only the first will succeed for io poll, so we might end up missing
wakeups.  OTOH, we might very well notice that only after the
wakeup hits and request gets completed (all before ->poll() gets
around to the second poll_wait()).  In that case it's too late to
decide that we have an error.

req->woken was an attempt to deal with that.  Unfortunately, it was
broken.  What we need to keep track of is not that wakeup has happened -
the thing might come back after that.  It's that async reference is
already gone and won't come back, so we can't (and needn't) put the
request on the list of cancellables.

The easiest case is "request hadn't been put on any waitqueues"; we
can tell by seeing NULL apt.head, and in that case there won't be
anything async.  We should either complete the request ourselves
(if vfs_poll() reports anything of interest) or return an error.

In all other cases we get exclusion with wakeups by grabbing the
queue lock.

If request is currently on queue and we have something interesting
from vfs_poll(), we can steal it and complete the request ourselves.

If it's on queue and vfs_poll() has not reported anything interesting,
we either put it on the cancellable list, or, if we know that it
hadn't been put on all queues ->poll() wanted it on, we steal it and
return an error.

If it's _not_ on queue, it's either been already dealt with (in which
case we do nothing), or there's io_poll_complete_work() about to be
executed.  In that case we either put it on the cancellable list,
or, if we know it hadn't been put on all queues ->poll() wanted it on,
simulate what cancel would've done.

Fixes: 221c5eb2 ("io_uring: add support for IORING_OP_POLL")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This isn't a straight port of commit 84c4e1f8 for aio.c, since
io_uring doesn't use files in exactly the same way. But it's pretty
close. See the commit message for that commit.

This essentially fixes a use-after-free with the poll command
handling, but it takes cue from Linus's approach to just simplifying
the file handling. We move the setup of the file into a higher level
location, so the individual commands don't have to deal with it. And
then we release the reference when we free the associated io_kiocb.

Fixes: 221c5eb2 ("io_uring: add support for IORING_OP_POLL")
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

We currently use the fact that if ->ki_filp is already set, then we've
done the prep. In preparation for moving the file assignment earlier,
use a separate flag to tell whether the request has been prepped for
IO or not.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

The callers all convert to an integer, and we only return 0/-ERROR
anyway.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>