- 11 1月, 2017 1 次提交
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由 Michal Hocko 提交于
The flag was introduced by commit 78afd561 ("mm: add __GFP_OTHER_NODE flag") to allow proper accounting of remote node allocations done by kernel daemons on behalf of a process - e.g. khugepaged. After "mm: fix remote numa hits statistics" we do not need and actually use the flag so we can safely remove it because all allocations which are satisfied from their "home" node are accounted properly. [mhocko@suse.com: fix build] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170106122225.GK5556@dhcp22.suse.cz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170102153057.9451-3-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Taku Izumi <izumi.taku@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 15 12月, 2016 1 次提交
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由 Alexander Duyck 提交于
Add a function that allows us to batch free a page that has multiple references outstanding. Specifically this function can be used to drop a page being used in the page frag alloc cache. With this drivers can make use of functionality similar to the page frag alloc cache without having to do any workarounds for the fact that there is no function that frees multiple references. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161110113606.76501.70752.stgit@ahduyck-blue-test.jf.intel.comSigned-off-by: NAlexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org> Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Hans-Christian Noren Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com> Cc: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com> Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se> Cc: Keguang Zhang <keguang.zhang@gmail.com> Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com> Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com> Cc: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 29 7月, 2016 1 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
After the previous patch, we can distinguish costly allocations that should be really lightweight, such as THP page faults, with __GFP_NORETRY. This means we don't need to recognize khugepaged allocations via PF_KTHREAD anymore. We can also change THP page faults in areas where madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) was used to try as hard as khugepaged, as the process has indicated that it benefits from THP's and is willing to pay some initial latency costs. We can also make the flags handling less cryptic by distinguishing GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT (no reclaim at all, default mode in page fault) from GFP_TRANSHUGE (only direct reclaim, khugepaged default). Adding __GFP_NORETRY or __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM is done where needed. The patch effectively changes the current GFP_TRANSHUGE users as follows: * get_huge_zero_page() - the zero page lifetime should be relatively long and it's shared by multiple users, so it's worth spending some effort on it. We use GFP_TRANSHUGE, and __GFP_NORETRY is not added. This also restores direct reclaim to this allocation, which was unintentionally removed by commit e4a49efe4e7e ("mm: thp: set THP defrag by default to madvise and add a stall-free defrag option") * alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask() - this is khugepaged, so latency is not an issue. So if khugepaged "defrag" is enabled (the default), do reclaim via GFP_TRANSHUGE without __GFP_NORETRY. We can remove the PF_KTHREAD check from page alloc. As a side-effect, khugepaged will now no longer check if the initial compaction was deferred or contended. This is OK, as khugepaged sleep times between collapsion attempts are long enough to prevent noticeable disruption, so we should allow it to spend some effort. * migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() - already was masking out __GFP_RECLAIM, so just convert to GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT which is equivalent. * alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask() - vma's with VM_HUGEPAGE (via madvise) are now allocating without __GFP_NORETRY. Other vma's keep using __GFP_NORETRY if direct reclaim/compaction is at all allowed (by default it's allowed only for madvised vma's). The rest is conversion to GFP_TRANSHUGE(_LIGHT). [mhocko@suse.com: suggested GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160721073614.24395-7-vbabka@suse.czSigned-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 27 7月, 2016 1 次提交
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
Currently, to charge a non-slab allocation to kmemcg one has to use alloc_kmem_pages helper with __GFP_ACCOUNT flag. A page allocated with this helper should finally be freed using free_kmem_pages, otherwise it won't be uncharged. This API suits its current users fine, but it turns out to be impossible to use along with page reference counting, i.e. when an allocation is supposed to be freed with put_page, as it is the case with pipe or unix socket buffers. To overcome this limitation, this patch moves charging/uncharging to generic page allocator paths, i.e. to __alloc_pages_nodemask and free_pages_prepare, and zaps alloc/free_kmem_pages helpers. This way, one can use any of the available page allocation functions to get the allocated page charged to kmemcg - it's enough to pass __GFP_ACCOUNT, just like in case of kmalloc and friends. A charged page will be automatically uncharged on free. To make it possible, we need to mark pages charged to kmemcg somehow. To avoid introducing a new page flag, we make use of page->_mapcount for marking such pages. Since pages charged to kmemcg are not supposed to be mapped to userspace, it should work just fine. There are other (ab)users of page->_mapcount - buddy and balloon pages - but we don't conflict with them. In case kmemcg is compiled out or not used at runtime, this patch introduces no overhead to generic page allocator paths. If kmemcg is used, it will be plus one gfp flags check on alloc and plus one page->_mapcount check on free, which shouldn't hurt performance, because the data accessed are hot. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/a9736d856f895bcb465d9f257b54efe32eda6f99.1464079538.git.vdavydov@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 18 3月, 2016 3 次提交
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由 Dan Williams 提交于
ZONE_DEVICE (merged in 4.3) and ZONE_CMA (proposed) are examples of new mm zones that are bumping up against the current maximum limit of 4 zones, i.e. 2 bits in page->flags for the GFP_ZONE_TABLE. The GFP_ZONE_TABLE poses an interesting constraint since include/linux/gfp.h gets included by the 32-bit portion of a 64-bit build. We need to be careful to only build the table for zones that have a corresponding gfp_t flag. GFP_ZONES_SHIFT is introduced for this purpose. This patch does not attempt to solve the problem of adding a new zone that also has a corresponding GFP_ flag. Vlastimil points out that ZONE_DEVICE, by depending on x86_64 and SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP implies that SECTIONS_WIDTH is zero. In other words even though ZONE_DEVICE does not fit in GFP_ZONE_TABLE it is free to consume another bit in page->flags (expand ZONES_WIDTH) with room to spare. Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=110931 Fixes: 033fbae9 ("mm: ZONE_DEVICE for "device memory"") Signed-off-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Reported-by: NMark <markk@clara.co.uk> Reported-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Sudip Mukherjee <sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
THP defrag is enabled by default to direct reclaim/compact but not wake kswapd in the event of a THP allocation failure. The problem is that THP allocation requests potentially enter reclaim/compaction. This potentially incurs a severe stall that is not guaranteed to be offset by reduced TLB misses. While there has been considerable effort to reduce the impact of reclaim/compaction, it is still a high cost and workloads that should fit in memory fail to do so. Specifically, a simple anon/file streaming workload will enter direct reclaim on NUMA at least even though the working set size is 80% of RAM. It's been years and it's time to throw in the towel. First, this patch defines THP defrag as follows; madvise: A failed allocation will direct reclaim/compact if the application requests it never: Neither reclaim/compact nor wake kswapd defer: A failed allocation will wake kswapd/kcompactd always: A failed allocation will direct reclaim/compact (historical behaviour) khugepaged defrag will enter direct/reclaim but not wake kswapd. Next it sets the default defrag option to be "madvise" to only enter direct reclaim/compaction for applications that specifically requested it. Lastly, it removes a check from the page allocator slowpath that is related to __GFP_THISNODE to allow "defer" to work. The callers that really cares are slub/slab and they are updated accordingly. The slab one may be surprising because it also corrects a comment as kswapd was never woken up by that path. This means that a THP fault will no longer stall for most applications by default and the ideal for most users that get THP if they are immediately available. There are still options for users that prefer a stall at startup of a new application by either restoring historical behaviour with "always" or pick a half-way point with "defer" where kswapd does some of the work in the background and wakes kcompactd if necessary. THP defrag for khugepaged remains enabled and will enter direct/reclaim but no wakeup kswapd or kcompactd. After this patch a THP allocation failure will quickly fallback and rely on khugepaged to recover the situation at some time in the future. In some cases, this will reduce THP usage but the benefit of THP is hard to measure and not a universal win where as a stall to reclaim/compaction is definitely measurable and can be painful. The first test for this is using "usemem" to read a large file and write a large anonymous mapping (to avoid the zero page) multiple times. The total size of the mappings is 80% of RAM and the benchmark simply measures how long it takes to complete. It uses multiple threads to see if that is a factor. On UMA, the performance is almost identical so is not reported but on NUMA, we see this usemem 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3 Amean System-1 102.86 ( 0.00%) 46.81 ( 54.50%) Amean System-4 37.85 ( 0.00%) 34.02 ( 10.12%) Amean System-7 48.12 ( 0.00%) 46.89 ( 2.56%) Amean System-12 51.98 ( 0.00%) 56.96 ( -9.57%) Amean System-21 80.16 ( 0.00%) 79.05 ( 1.39%) Amean System-30 110.71 ( 0.00%) 107.17 ( 3.20%) Amean System-48 127.98 ( 0.00%) 124.83 ( 2.46%) Amean Elapsd-1 185.84 ( 0.00%) 105.51 ( 43.23%) Amean Elapsd-4 26.19 ( 0.00%) 25.58 ( 2.33%) Amean Elapsd-7 21.65 ( 0.00%) 21.62 ( 0.16%) Amean Elapsd-12 18.58 ( 0.00%) 17.94 ( 3.43%) Amean Elapsd-21 17.53 ( 0.00%) 16.60 ( 5.33%) Amean Elapsd-30 17.45 ( 0.00%) 17.13 ( 1.84%) Amean Elapsd-48 15.40 ( 0.00%) 15.27 ( 0.82%) For a single thread, the benchmark completes 43.23% faster with this patch applied with smaller benefits as the thread increases. Similar, notice the large reduction in most cases in system CPU usage. The overall CPU time is 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3 User 10357.65 10438.33 System 3988.88 3543.94 Elapsed 2203.01 1634.41 Which is substantial. Now, the reclaim figures 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3 Minor Faults 128458477 278352931 Major Faults 2174976 225 Swap Ins 16904701 0 Swap Outs 17359627 0 Allocation stalls 43611 0 DMA allocs 0 0 DMA32 allocs 19832646 19448017 Normal allocs 614488453 580941839 Movable allocs 0 0 Direct pages scanned 24163800 0 Kswapd pages scanned 0 0 Kswapd pages reclaimed 0 0 Direct pages reclaimed 20691346 0 Compaction stalls 42263 0 Compaction success 938 0 Compaction failures 41325 0 This patch eliminates almost all swapping and direct reclaim activity. There is still overhead but it's from NUMA balancing which does not identify that it's pointless trying to do anything with this workload. I also tried the thpscale benchmark which forces a corner case where compaction can be used heavily and measures the latency of whether base or huge pages were used thpscale Fault Latencies 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3 Amean fault-base-1 5288.84 ( 0.00%) 2817.12 ( 46.73%) Amean fault-base-3 6365.53 ( 0.00%) 3499.11 ( 45.03%) Amean fault-base-5 6526.19 ( 0.00%) 4363.06 ( 33.15%) Amean fault-base-7 7142.25 ( 0.00%) 4858.08 ( 31.98%) Amean fault-base-12 13827.64 ( 0.00%) 10292.11 ( 25.57%) Amean fault-base-18 18235.07 ( 0.00%) 13788.84 ( 24.38%) Amean fault-base-24 21597.80 ( 0.00%) 24388.03 (-12.92%) Amean fault-base-30 26754.15 ( 0.00%) 19700.55 ( 26.36%) Amean fault-base-32 26784.94 ( 0.00%) 19513.57 ( 27.15%) Amean fault-huge-1 4223.96 ( 0.00%) 2178.57 ( 48.42%) Amean fault-huge-3 2194.77 ( 0.00%) 2149.74 ( 2.05%) Amean fault-huge-5 2569.60 ( 0.00%) 2346.95 ( 8.66%) Amean fault-huge-7 3612.69 ( 0.00%) 2997.70 ( 17.02%) Amean fault-huge-12 3301.75 ( 0.00%) 6727.02 (-103.74%) Amean fault-huge-18 6696.47 ( 0.00%) 6685.72 ( 0.16%) Amean fault-huge-24 8000.72 ( 0.00%) 9311.43 (-16.38%) Amean fault-huge-30 13305.55 ( 0.00%) 9750.45 ( 26.72%) Amean fault-huge-32 9981.71 ( 0.00%) 10316.06 ( -3.35%) The average time to fault pages is substantially reduced in the majority of caseds but with the obvious caveat that fewer THPs are actually used in this adverse workload 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3 Percentage huge-1 0.71 ( 0.00%) 14.04 (1865.22%) Percentage huge-3 10.77 ( 0.00%) 33.05 (206.85%) Percentage huge-5 60.39 ( 0.00%) 38.51 (-36.23%) Percentage huge-7 45.97 ( 0.00%) 34.57 (-24.79%) Percentage huge-12 68.12 ( 0.00%) 40.07 (-41.17%) Percentage huge-18 64.93 ( 0.00%) 47.82 (-26.35%) Percentage huge-24 62.69 ( 0.00%) 44.23 (-29.44%) Percentage huge-30 43.49 ( 0.00%) 55.38 ( 27.34%) Percentage huge-32 50.72 ( 0.00%) 51.90 ( 2.35%) 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3 Minor Faults 37429143 47564000 Major Faults 1916 1558 Swap Ins 1466 1079 Swap Outs 2936863 149626 Allocation stalls 62510 3 DMA allocs 0 0 DMA32 allocs 6566458 6401314 Normal allocs 216361697 216538171 Movable allocs 0 0 Direct pages scanned 25977580 17998 Kswapd pages scanned 0 3638931 Kswapd pages reclaimed 0 207236 Direct pages reclaimed 8833714 88 Compaction stalls 103349 5 Compaction success 270 4 Compaction failures 103079 1 Note again that while this does swap as it's an aggressive workload, the direct relcim activity and allocation stalls is substantially reduced. There is some kswapd activity but ftrace showed that the kswapd activity was due to normal wakeups from 4K pages being allocated. Compaction-related stalls and activity are almost eliminated. I also tried the stutter benchmark. For this, I do not have figures for NUMA but it's something that does impact UMA so I'll report what is available stutter 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3 Min mmap 7.3571 ( 0.00%) 7.3438 ( 0.18%) 1st-qrtle mmap 7.5278 ( 0.00%) 17.9200 (-138.05%) 2nd-qrtle mmap 7.6818 ( 0.00%) 21.6055 (-181.25%) 3rd-qrtle mmap 11.0889 ( 0.00%) 21.8881 (-97.39%) Max-90% mmap 27.8978 ( 0.00%) 22.1632 ( 20.56%) Max-93% mmap 28.3202 ( 0.00%) 22.3044 ( 21.24%) Max-95% mmap 28.5600 ( 0.00%) 22.4580 ( 21.37%) Max-99% mmap 29.6032 ( 0.00%) 25.5216 ( 13.79%) Max mmap 4109.7289 ( 0.00%) 4813.9832 (-17.14%) Mean mmap 12.4474 ( 0.00%) 19.3027 (-55.07%) This benchmark is trying to fault an anonymous mapping while there is a heavy IO load -- a scenario that desktop users used to complain about frequently. This shows a mix because the ideal case of mapping with THP is not hit as often. However, note that 99% of the mappings complete 13.79% faster. The CPU usage here is particularly interesting 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3 User 67.50 0.99 System 1327.88 91.30 Elapsed 2079.00 2128.98 And once again we look at the reclaim figures 4.4.0 4.4.0 kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3 Minor Faults 335241922 1314582827 Major Faults 715 819 Swap Ins 0 0 Swap Outs 0 0 Allocation stalls 532723 0 DMA allocs 0 0 DMA32 allocs 1822364341 1177950222 Normal allocs 1815640808 1517844854 Movable allocs 0 0 Direct pages scanned 21892772 0 Kswapd pages scanned 20015890 41879484 Kswapd pages reclaimed 19961986 41822072 Direct pages reclaimed 21892741 0 Compaction stalls 1065755 0 Compaction success 514 0 Compaction failures 1065241 0 Allocation stalls and all direct reclaim activity is eliminated as well as compaction-related stalls. THP gives impressive gains in some cases but only if they are quickly available. We're not going to reach the point where they are completely free so lets take the costs out of the fast paths finally and defer the cost to kswapd, kcompactd and khugepaged where it belongs. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Satoru Takeuchi 提交于
Since __GFP_NOACCOUNT was removed by commit 20b5c303 ("Revert 'gfp: add __GFP_NOACCOUNT'"), its description is not necessary. Signed-off-by: NSatoru Takeuchi <takeuchi_satoru@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 16 3月, 2016 4 次提交
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由 Joonsoo Kim 提交于
There is a performance drop report due to hugepage allocation and in there half of cpu time are spent on pageblock_pfn_to_page() in compaction [1]. In that workload, compaction is triggered to make hugepage but most of pageblocks are un-available for compaction due to pageblock type and skip bit so compaction usually fails. Most costly operations in this case is to find valid pageblock while scanning whole zone range. To check if pageblock is valid to compact, valid pfn within pageblock is required and we can obtain it by calling pageblock_pfn_to_page(). This function checks whether pageblock is in a single zone and return valid pfn if possible. Problem is that we need to check it every time before scanning pageblock even if we re-visit it and this turns out to be very expensive in this workload. Although we have no way to skip this pageblock check in the system where hole exists at arbitrary position, we can use cached value for zone continuity and just do pfn_to_page() in the system where hole doesn't exist. This optimization considerably speeds up in above workload. Before vs After Max: 1096 MB/s vs 1325 MB/s Min: 635 MB/s 1015 MB/s Avg: 899 MB/s 1194 MB/s Avg is improved by roughly 30% [2]. [1]: http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg97378.html [2]: https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/9/23 [akpm@linux-foundation.org: don't forget to restore zone->contiguous on error path, per Vlastimil] Signed-off-by: NJoonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reported-by: NAaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Tested-by: NAaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
In tracepoints, it's possible to print gfp flags in a human-friendly format through a macro show_gfp_flags(), which defines a translation array and passes is to __print_flags(). Since the following patch will introduce support for gfp flags printing in printk(), it would be nice to reuse the array. This is not straightforward, since __print_flags() can't simply reference an array defined in a .c file such as mm/debug.c - it has to be a macro to allow the macro magic to communicate the format to userspace tools such as trace-cmd. The solution is to create a macro __def_gfpflag_names which is used both in show_gfp_flags(), and to define the gfpflag_names[] array in mm/debug.c. On the other hand, mm/debug.c also defines translation tables for page flags and vma flags, and desire was expressed (but not implemented in this series) to use these also from tracepoints. Thus, this patch also renames the events/gfpflags.h file to events/mmflags.h and moves the table definitions there, using the same macro approach as for gfpflags. This allows translating all three kinds of mm-specific flags both in tracepoints and printk. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
When updating tracing's show_gfp_flags() I have noticed that perf's gfp_compact_table is also outdated. Fill in the missing flags and place a note in gfp.h to increase chance that future updates are synced. Convert the __GFP_X flags from "GFP_X" to "__GFP_X" strings in line with the previous patch. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
The show_gfp_flags() macro provides human-friendly printing of gfp flags in tracepoints. However, it is somewhat out of date and missing several flags. This patches fills in the missing flags, and distinguishes properly between GFP_ATOMIC and __GFP_ATOMIC which were both translated to "GFP_ATOMIC". More generally, all __GFP_X flags which were previously printed as GFP_X, are now printed as __GFP_X, since ommiting the underscores results in output that doesn't actually match the source code, and can only lead to confusion. Where both variants are defined equal (e.g. _DMA and _DMA32), the variant without underscores are preferred. Also add a note in gfp.h so hopefully future changes will be synced better. __GFP_MOVABLE is defined twice in include/linux/gfp.h with different comments. Leave just the newer one, which was intended to replace the old one. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 06 2月, 2016 1 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
Commit 944d9fec ("hugetlb: add support for gigantic page allocation at runtime") has added the runtime gigantic page allocation via alloc_contig_range(), making this support available only when CONFIG_CMA is enabled. Because it doesn't depend on MIGRATE_CMA pageblocks and the associated infrastructure, it is possible with few simple adjustments to require only CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION instead of full CONFIG_CMA. After this patch, alloc_contig_range() and related functions are available and used for gigantic pages with just CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION enabled. Note CONFIG_CMA selects CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION. This allows supporting runtime gigantic pages without the CMA-specific checks in page allocator fastpaths. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 15 1月, 2016 4 次提交
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由 Joshua Clayton 提交于
Running sparse on drivers/staging/lustre results in dozens of warnings: include/linux/gfp.h:281:41: warning: odd constant _Bool cast (400000 becomes 1) Use "!!" to explicitly convert to bool and get rid of the warning. Signed-off-by: NJoshua Clayton <stillcompiling@gmail.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Yaowei Bai 提交于
Hardcoding index to zonelists array in gfp_zonelist() is not a good idea, let's enumerate it to improve readability. No functional change. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_NUMA=n build] [n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com: fix warning in comparing enumerator] Signed-off-by: NYaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
Black-list kmem accounting policy (aka __GFP_NOACCOUNT) turned out to be fragile and difficult to maintain, because there seem to be many more allocations that should not be accounted than those that should be. Besides, false accounting an allocation might result in much worse consequences than not accounting at all, namely increased memory consumption due to pinned dead kmem caches. So this patch switches kmem accounting to the white-policy: now only those kmem allocations that are marked as __GFP_ACCOUNT are accounted to memcg. Currently, no kmem allocations are marked like this. The following patches will mark several kmem allocations that are known to be easily triggered from userspace and therefore should be accounted to memcg. Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
This reverts commit 8f4fc071 ("gfp: add __GFP_NOACCOUNT"). Black-list kmem accounting policy (aka __GFP_NOACCOUNT) turned out to be fragile and difficult to maintain, because there seem to be many more allocations that should not be accounted than those that should be. Besides, false accounting an allocation might result in much worse consequences than not accounting at all, namely increased memory consumption due to pinned dead kmem caches. So it was decided to switch to the white-list policy. This patch reverts bits introducing the black-list policy. The white-list policy will be introduced later in the series. Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 21 11月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Jeff Layton 提交于
sparse says: include/linux/gfp.h:274:26: warning: incorrect type in return expression (different base types) include/linux/gfp.h:274:26: expected bool include/linux/gfp.h:274:26: got restricted gfp_t ...add a forced cast to silence the warning. Signed-off-by: NJeff Layton <jeff.layton@primarydata.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 07 11月, 2015 5 次提交
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
Andrew stated the following We have quite a history of remote parts of the kernel using weird/wrong/inexplicable combinations of __GFP_ flags. I tend to think that this is because we didn't adequately explain the interface. And I don't think that gfp.h really improved much in this area as a result of this patchset. Could you go through it some time and decide if we've adequately documented all this stuff? This patches first moves some GFP flag combinations that are part of the MM internals to mm/internal.h. The rest of the patch documents the __GFP_FOO bits under various headings and then documents the flag combinations. It will not help callers that are brain damaged but the clarity might motivate some fixes and avoid future mistakes. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
__GFP_WAIT was used to signal that the caller was in atomic context and could not sleep. Now it is possible to distinguish between true atomic context and callers that are not willing to sleep. The latter should clear __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM so kswapd will still wake. As clearing __GFP_WAIT behaves differently, there is a risk that people will clear the wrong flags. This patch renames __GFP_WAIT to __GFP_RECLAIM to clearly indicate what it does -- setting it allows all reclaim activity, clearing them prevents it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
GFP_IOFS was intended to be shorthand for clearing two flags, not a set of allocation flags. There is only one user of this flag combination now and there appears to be no reason why Lustre had to be protected from reclaim stalls. As none of the sites appear to be atomic, this patch simply deletes GFP_IOFS and converts Lustre to using GFP_KERNEL, GFP_NOFS or GFP_NOIO as appropriate. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Oleg Drokin <oleg.drokin@intel.com> Cc: Andreas Dilger <andreas.dilger@intel.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
mm, page_alloc: distinguish between being unable to sleep, unwilling to sleep and avoiding waking kswapd __GFP_WAIT has been used to identify atomic context in callers that hold spinlocks or are in interrupts. They are expected to be high priority and have access one of two watermarks lower than "min" which can be referred to as the "atomic reserve". __GFP_HIGH users get access to the first lower watermark and can be called the "high priority reserve". Over time, callers had a requirement to not block when fallback options were available. Some have abused __GFP_WAIT leading to a situation where an optimisitic allocation with a fallback option can access atomic reserves. This patch uses __GFP_ATOMIC to identify callers that are truely atomic, cannot sleep and have no alternative. High priority users continue to use __GFP_HIGH. __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM identifies callers that can sleep and are willing to enter direct reclaim. __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM to identify callers that want to wake kswapd for background reclaim. __GFP_WAIT is redefined as a caller that is willing to enter direct reclaim and wake kswapd for background reclaim. This patch then converts a number of sites o __GFP_ATOMIC is used by callers that are high priority and have memory pools for those requests. GFP_ATOMIC uses this flag. o Callers that have a limited mempool to guarantee forward progress clear __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM but keep __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. bio allocations fall into this category where kswapd will still be woken but atomic reserves are not used as there is a one-entry mempool to guarantee progress. o Callers that are checking if they are non-blocking should use the helper gfpflags_allow_blocking() where possible. This is because checking for __GFP_WAIT as was done historically now can trigger false positives. Some exceptions like dm-crypt.c exist where the code intent is clearer if __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is used instead of the helper due to flag manipulations. o Callers that built their own GFP flags instead of starting with GFP_KERNEL and friends now also need to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. The first key hazard to watch out for is callers that removed __GFP_WAIT and was depending on access to atomic reserves for inconspicuous reasons. In some cases it may be appropriate for them to use __GFP_HIGH. The second key hazard is callers that assembled their own combination of GFP flags instead of starting with something like GFP_KERNEL. They may now wish to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. It's almost certainly harmless if it's missed in most cases as other activity will wake kswapd. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
This patch redefines which GFP bits are used for specifying mobility and the order of the migrate types. Once redefined it's possible to convert GFP flags to a migrate type with a simple mask and shift. The only downside is that readers of OOM kill messages and allocation failures may have been used to the existing values but scripts/gfp-translate will help. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 09 9月, 2015 4 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
alloc_pages_node() might fail when called with NUMA_NO_NODE and __GFP_THISNODE on a CPU belonging to a memoryless node. To make the local-node fallback more robust and prevent such situations, use numa_mem_id(), which was introduced for similar scenarios in the slab context. Suggested-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
Perform the same debug checks in alloc_pages_node() as are done in __alloc_pages_node(), by making the former function a wrapper of the latter one. In addition to better diagnostics in DEBUG_VM builds for situations which have been already fatal (e.g. out-of-bounds node id), there are two visible changes for potential existing buggy callers of alloc_pages_node(): - calling alloc_pages_node() with any negative nid (e.g. due to arithmetic overflow) was treated as passing NUMA_NO_NODE and fallback to local node was applied. This will now be fatal. - calling alloc_pages_node() with an offline node will now be checked for DEBUG_VM builds. Since it's not fatal if the node has been previously online, and this patch may expose some existing buggy callers, change the VM_BUG_ON in __alloc_pages_node() to VM_WARN_ON. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
alloc_pages_exact_node() was introduced in commit 6484eb3e ("page allocator: do not check NUMA node ID when the caller knows the node is valid") as an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node(), that doesn't fallback to current node for nid == NUMA_NO_NODE. Unfortunately the name of the function can easily suggest that the allocation is restricted to the given node and fails otherwise. In truth, the node is only preferred, unless __GFP_THISNODE is passed among the gfp flags. The misleading name has lead to mistakes in the past, see for example commits 5265047a ("mm, thp: really limit transparent hugepage allocation to local node") and b360edb4 ("mm, mempolicy: migrate_to_node should only migrate to node"). Another issue with the name is that there's a family of alloc_pages_exact*() functions where 'exact' means exact size (instead of page order), which leads to more confusion. To prevent further mistakes, this patch effectively renames alloc_pages_exact_node() to __alloc_pages_node() to better convey that it's an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node() not intended for general usage. Both functions get described in comments. It has been also considered to really provide a convenience function for allocations restricted to a node, but the major opinion seems to be that __GFP_THISNODE already provides that functionality and we shouldn't duplicate the API needlessly. The number of users would be small anyway. Existing callers of alloc_pages_exact_node() are simply converted to call __alloc_pages_node(), with the exception of sba_alloc_coherent() which open-codes the check for NUMA_NO_NODE, so it is converted to use alloc_pages_node() instead. This means it no longer performs some VM_BUG_ON checks, and since the current check for nid in alloc_pages_node() uses a 'nid < 0' comparison (which includes NUMA_NO_NODE), it may hide wrong values which would be previously exposed. Both differences will be rectified by the next patch. To sum up, this patch makes no functional changes, except temporarily hiding potentially buggy callers. Restricting the checks in alloc_pages_node() is left for the next patch which can in turn expose more existing buggy callers. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NRobin Holt <robinmholt@gmail.com> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Acked-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Cliff Whickman <cpw@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 David Rientjes 提交于
Explicitly state that __GFP_NORETRY will attempt direct reclaim and memory compaction before returning NULL and that the oom killer is not called in the current implementation of the page allocator. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/has/have/] Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 01 7月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
Waiman Long reported that 24TB machines hit OOM during basic setup when struct page initialisation was deferred. One approach is to initialise memory on demand but it interferes with page allocator paths. This patch creates dedicated threads to initialise memory before basic setup. It then blocks on a rw_semaphore until completion as a wait_queue and counter is overkill. This may be slower to boot but it's simplier overall and also gets rid of a section mangling which existed so kswapd could do the initialisation. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: include rwsem.h, use DECLARE_RWSEM, fix comment, remove unneeded cast] Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com Cc: Nathan Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com> Tested-by: NDaniel J Blueman <daniel@numascale.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 15 5月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
Not all kmem allocations should be accounted to memcg. The following patch gives an example when accounting of a certain type of allocations to memcg can effectively result in a memory leak. This patch adds the __GFP_NOACCOUNT flag which if passed to kmalloc and friends will force the allocation to go through the root cgroup. It will be used by the next patch. Note, since in case of kmemleak enabled each kmalloc implies yet another allocation from the kmemleak_object cache, we add __GFP_NOACCOUNT to gfp_kmemleak_mask. Alternatively, we could introduce a per kmem cache flag disabling accounting for all allocations of a particular kind, but (a) we would not be able to bypass accounting for kmalloc then and (b) a kmem cache with this flag set could not be merged with a kmem cache without this flag, which would increase the number of global caches and therefore fragmentation even if the memory cgroup controller is not used. Despite its generic name, currently __GFP_NOACCOUNT disables accounting only for kmem allocations while user page allocations are always charged. To catch abusing of this flag, a warning is issued on an attempt of passing it to mem_cgroup_try_charge. Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.0.x] Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 12 5月, 2015 1 次提交
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由 Alexander Duyck 提交于
This change moves the __alloc_page_frag functionality out of the networking stack and into the page allocation portion of mm. The idea it so help make this maintainable by placing it with other page allocation functions. Since we are moving it from skbuff.c to page_alloc.c I have also renamed the basic defines and structure from netdev_alloc_cache to page_frag_cache to reflect that this is now part of a different kernel subsystem. I have also added a simple __free_page_frag function which can handle freeing the frags based on the skb->head pointer. The model for this is based off of __free_pages since we don't actually need to deal with all of the cases that put_page handles. I incorporated the virt_to_head_page call and compound_order into the function as it actually allows for a signficant size reduction by reducing code duplication. Signed-off-by: NAlexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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- 15 4月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Michal Hocko 提交于
__GFP_NOFAIL is documented as a deprecated flag since commit 478352e7 ("mm: add comment about deprecation of __GFP_NOFAIL"). This has discouraged people from using it but in some cases an opencoded endless loop around allocator has been used instead. So the allocator is not aware of the de facto __GFP_NOFAIL allocation because this information was not communicated properly. Let's make clear that if the allocation context really cannot afford failure because there is no good failure policy then using __GFP_NOFAIL is preferable to opencoding the loop outside of the allocator. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Vipul Pandya <vipul@chelsio.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 David Rientjes 提交于
NOTE: this is not about __GFP_THISNODE, this is only about GFP_THISNODE. GFP_THISNODE is a secret combination of gfp bits that have different behavior than expected. It is a combination of __GFP_THISNODE, __GFP_NORETRY, and __GFP_NOWARN and is special-cased in the page allocator slowpath to fail without trying reclaim even though it may be used in combination with __GFP_WAIT. An example of the problem this creates: commit e97ca8e5 ("mm: fix GFP_THISNODE callers and clarify") fixed up many users of GFP_THISNODE that really just wanted __GFP_THISNODE. The problem doesn't end there, however, because even it was a no-op for alloc_misplaced_dst_page(), which also sets __GFP_NORETRY and __GFP_NOWARN, and migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(), where __GFP_NORETRY and __GFP_NOWAIT is set in GFP_TRANSHUGE. Converting GFP_THISNODE to __GFP_THISNODE is a no-op in these cases since the page allocator special-cases __GFP_THISNODE && __GFP_NORETRY && __GFP_NOWARN. It's time to just remove GFP_THISNODE entirely. We leave __GFP_THISNODE to restrict an allocation to a local node, but remove GFP_THISNODE and its obscurity. Instead, we require that a caller clear __GFP_WAIT if it wants to avoid reclaim. This allows the aforementioned functions to actually reclaim as they should. It also enables any future callers that want to do __GFP_THISNODE but also __GFP_NORETRY && __GFP_NOWARN to reclaim. The rule is simple: if you don't want to reclaim, then don't set __GFP_WAIT. Aside: ovs_flow_stats_update() really wants to avoid reclaim as well, so it is unchanged. Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Acked-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Pravin Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com> Cc: Jarno Rajahalme <jrajahalme@nicira.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 12 2月, 2015 2 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
The previous commit ("mm/thp: Allocate transparent hugepages on local node") introduced alloc_hugepage_vma() to mm/mempolicy.c to perform a special policy for THP allocations. The function has the same interface as alloc_pages_vma(), shares a lot of boilerplate code and a long comment. This patch merges the hugepage special case into alloc_pages_vma. The extra if condition should be cheap enough price to pay. We also prevent a (however unlikely) race with parallel mems_allowed update, which could make hugepage allocation restart only within the fallback call to alloc_hugepage_vma() and not reconsider the special rule in alloc_hugepage_vma(). Also by making sure mpol_cond_put(pol) is always called before actual allocation attempt, we can use a single exit path within the function. Also update the comment for missing node parameter and obsolete reference to mm_sem. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Aneesh Kumar K.V 提交于
This make sure that we try to allocate hugepages from local node if allowed by mempolicy. If we can't, we fallback to small page allocation based on mempolicy. This is based on the observation that allocating pages on local node is more beneficial than allocating hugepages on remote node. With this patch applied we may find transparent huge page allocation failures if the current node doesn't have enough freee hugepages. Before this patch such failures result in us retrying the allocation on other nodes in the numa node mask. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment, add CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE dependency] Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 14 12月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Jianyu Zhan 提交于
GFP_USER, GFP_HIGHUSER and GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE are escalatedly confined defined, also implied by their names: GFP_USER = GFP_USER GFP_USER + __GFP_HIGHMEM = GFP_HIGHUSER GFP_USER + __GFP_HIGHMEM + __GFP_MOVABLE = GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE So just make GFP_HIGHUSER and GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE escalatedly defined to reflect this fact. It also makes the definition clear and texturally warn on any furture break-up of this escalated relastionship. Signed-off-by: NJianyu Zhan <jianyu.zhan@emc.com> Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 11 12月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Vlastimil Babka 提交于
The functions for draining per-cpu pages back to buddy allocators currently always operate on all zones. There are however several cases where the drain is only needed in the context of a single zone, and spilling other pcplists is a waste of time both due to the extra spilling and later refilling. This patch introduces new zone pointer parameter to drain_all_pages() and changes the dummy parameter of drain_local_pages() to be also a zone pointer. When NULL is passed, the functions operate on all zones as usual. Passing a specific zone pointer reduces the work to the single zone. All callers are updated to pass the NULL pointer in this patch. Conversion to single zone (where appropriate) is done in further patches. Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 10 10月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 David Rientjes 提交于
The page allocator has gfp flags (like __GFP_WAIT) and alloc flags (like ALLOC_CPUSET) that have separate semantics. The function allocflags_to_migratetype() actually takes gfp flags, not alloc flags, and returns a migratetype. Rename it to gfpflags_to_migratetype(). Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: NZhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 07 8月, 2014 1 次提交
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由 Fabian Frederick 提交于
alloc_pages_exact_nid() is only called by __meminit alloc_page_cgroup() Signed-off-by: NFabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 05 6月, 2014 3 次提交
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由 Andy Shevchenko 提交于
mmdebug.h is included twice. Signed-off-by: NAndy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Mel Gorman 提交于
cold is a bool, make it one. Make the likely case the "if" part of the block instead of the else as according to the optimisation manual this is preferred. Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Vladimir Davydov 提交于
Currently to allocate a page that should be charged to kmemcg (e.g. threadinfo), we pass __GFP_KMEMCG flag to the page allocator. The page allocated is then to be freed by free_memcg_kmem_pages. Apart from looking asymmetrical, this also requires intrusion to the general allocation path. So let's introduce separate functions that will alloc/free pages charged to kmemcg. The new functions are called alloc_kmem_pages and free_kmem_pages. They should be used when the caller actually would like to use kmalloc, but has to fall back to the page allocator for the allocation is large. They only differ from alloc_pages and free_pages in that besides allocating or freeing pages they also charge them to the kmem resource counter of the current memory cgroup. [sfr@canb.auug.org.au: export kmalloc_order() to modules] Signed-off-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com> Acked-by: NGreg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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