30 seconds instead of retrying forever.  Also modify xlog.c so that if
it fails to rename an old xlog segment up to a future slot, it will
unlink the segment instead.  Per discussion of bug #2712, in which it
became apparent that Windows can handle unlinking a file that's being
held open, but not renaming it.

The former coding relied on the actual allocated size of the last block,
which made it behave strangely if the first allocation in a context was
larger than ALLOC_CHUNK_LIMIT: subsequent allocations would be referenced
to that and not to the intended series of block sizes.  Noted while
studying a memory wastage gripe from Tatsuo.

more space is needed, instead of incrementing by a fixed amount; the old
method wastes lots of space and time when the ultimate size is large.
Per gripe from Tatsuo.

text_to_array(): they all had O(N^2) behavior on long input strings in
multibyte encodings, because of repeated rescanning of the input text to
identify substrings whose positions/lengths were computed in characters
instead of bytes.  Fix by tracking the current source position as a char
pointer as well as a character-count.  Also avoid some unnecessary palloc
operations.  text_to_array() also leaked memory intracall due to failure
to pfree temporary strings.  Per gripe from Tatsuo Ishii.

a connectivity error occurred while executing one of the queries
for "\d <table>". Not serious, but still worth fixing. Patch from
Brendan Jurd.

established: referencing an undefined parameter should result in an
error, not NULL.

Tag as Beta3 ... two outstanding *known* bugs before RC1 ...

sub-arrays.  Per discussion, if all inputs are empty arrays then result
must be an empty array too, whereas a mix of empty and nonempty arrays
should (and already did) draw an error.  In the back branches, the
construct was strict: any NULL input immediately yielded a NULL output;
so I left that behavior alone.  HEAD was simply ignoring NULL sub-arrays,
which doesn't seem very sensible.  For lack of a better idea it now
treats NULL sub-arrays the same as empty ones.

with fopen() not using FILE_SHARE_DELETE was indeed the bug we were after,
given lack of recent reports.

include it if it links properly.  It seems too risky to assume that
standard functions like pow() are not special-cased by the compiler.
Per report from Andreas Lange that build fails on Solaris cc compiler
with -fast.  Even though we don't consider that a supported option,
I'm worried that similar issues will arise with other compilers.

the backend should rely on its working-directory setting instead.
Also do some message-style police work in contrib/adminpack.

manually release the LDAP handle via ldap_unbind(). This isn't a
significant problem in practice because an error eventually results
in exiting the process, but we can cleanup correctly without too
much pain.

In passing, fix an error in snprintf() usage: the "size" parameter
to snprintf() is the size of the destination buffer, including space
for the NUL terminator. Also, depending on the value of NAMEDATALEN,
the old coding could have allowed for a buffer overflow.

stale relcache init files (pg_internal.init), and there is no mechanism for
updating them during WAL replay.  Easiest solution is just to delete the init
files at conclusion of startup, and let the first backend started in each
database take care of rebuilding the init file.  Simon Riggs and Tom Lane.

Back-patched to 8.1.  Arguably this should be fixed in 8.0 too, but it would
require significantly more code since 8.0 has no handy startup-time scan of
pg_database to piggyback on.  Manual solution of the problem is possible
in 8.0 (just delete the pg_internal.init files before starting WAL replay),
so that may be a sufficient answer.

in PITR scenarios.  We now WAL-log the replacement of old XIDs with
FrozenTransactionId, so that such replacement is guaranteed to propagate to
PITR slave databases.  Also, rather than relying on hint-bit updates to be
preserved, pg_clog is not truncated until all instances of an XID are known to
have been replaced by FrozenTransactionId.  Add new GUC variables and
pg_autovacuum columns to allow management of the freezing policy, so that
users can trade off the size of pg_clog against the amount of freezing work
done.  Revise the already-existing code that forces autovacuum of tables
approaching the wraparound point to make it more bulletproof; also, revise the
autovacuum logic so that anti-wraparound vacuuming is done per-table rather
than per-database.  initdb forced because of changes in pg_class, pg_database,
and pg_autovacuum catalogs.  Heikki Linnakangas, Simon Riggs, and Tom Lane.

suggestion from Sergey Koposov.  Also some other minor editing.

command strings inserts relative not absolute path of file to process.
This is a side-effect of 2005-07-04 change that makes the server use
relative paths in general.  Noted by Bernd Helmle.

return, per suggestion from Joachim Wieland.

deletion code to avoid the case where an upper-level btree page remains "half
dead" for a significant period of time, and to block insertions into a key
range that is in process of being re-assigned to the right sibling of the
deleted page's parent.  This prevents the scenario reported by Ed L. wherein
index keys could become out-of-order in the grandparent index level.

Since this is a moderately invasive fix, I'm applying it only to HEAD.
The bug exists back to 7.4, but the back branches will get a different patch.

(blobs) with comments, per bug #2727 from Konstantin Pelepelin.
Mea culpa for not having tested this case.
Back-patch to 8.1; prior branches don't dump blob comments at all.

reference pages documenting that these commands cannot be used within
a transaction block. Also make some minor improvements to the psql
reference page. Patch from Simon Riggs, minor editorialization by
myself.

code relies on the checking macro actually being called at the end, or the
automatic undiversion will produce garbage.  These sort of implicit
side-effects undermine the modularity of the macros and happen to break the
ODBC driver which makes use of them.

Also put the warnings at the very end of configure, so there is an even
better chance of seeing them.

load balancing, and clustering options.

clustering options.

node of a SubLink or SubPlan testexpr field.  Bug resulted from replacing
the old lefthand/exprs list fields with a simple expression field, and not
remembering that expression_tree_walker is coded to save a few cycles by
recursing directly to self on list fields (on the assumption the walker
isn't interested in List nodes per se).  On non-list fields it must of
course call the walker.  Possibly that hack isn't worth the risk of more
such bugs, but I'll leave it be for now.  Per bug report from James Robinson.

outer joins.  Originally it was only looking for overlap of the righthand
side of a left join, but we have to do it on the lefthand side too.
Per example from Jean-Pierre Pelletier.

CopyFileEx.  This avoids a warning about the function not being
present on older Windows versions.  Magnus Hagander

* Add estimated_count(*) to return an estimate of COUNT(*)
>   http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-hackers/2005-11/msg00943.php

* Speed up COUNT(*)
>   http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-hackers/2005-11/msg00943.php

instead of the SQL92 output-column-ID case.