optional arguments as text input functions, ie, typioparam OID and
atttypmod.  Make all the datatypes that use typmod enforce it the same
way in typreceive as they do in typinput.  This fixes a problem with
failure to enforce length restrictions during COPY FROM BINARY.

The specification of this function is as follows.

regexp_replace(source text, pattern text, replacement text, [flags
text])
returns text

Replace string that matches to regular expression in source text to
replacement text.

 - pattern is regular expression pattern.
 - replacement is replace string that can use '\1'-'\9', and '\&'.
    '\1'-'\9': back reference to the n'th subexpression.
    '\&'     : entire matched string.
 - flags can use the following values:
    g: global (replace all)
    i: ignore case
    When the flags is not specified, case sensitive, replace the first
    instance only.

Atsushi Ogawa

possible compression.

Mark Kirkwood

basic regression tests for GiST to the standard regression tests.
I took the opportunity to add an rtree-equivalent gist opclass for
circles; the contrib version only covered boxes and polygons, but
indexing circles is very handy for distance searches.

and pg_auth_members.  There are still many loose ends to finish in this
patch (no documentation, no regression tests, no pg_dump support for
instance).  But I'm going to commit it now anyway so that Alvaro can
make some progress on shared dependencies.  The catalog changes should
be pretty much done.

literally.

Add GUC variables:

        "escape_string_warning" - warn about backslashes in non-E strings
        "escape_string_syntax" - supports E'' syntax?
        "standard_compliant_strings" - treats backslashes literally in ''

Update code to use E'' when escapes are used.

to the existing X-direction tests.  An rtree class now includes 4 actual
2-D tests, 4 1-D X-direction tests, and 4 1-D Y-direction tests.
This involved adding four new Y-direction test operators for each of
box and polygon; I followed the PostGIS project's lead as to the names
of these operators.
NON BACKWARDS COMPATIBLE CHANGE: the poly_overleft (&<) and poly_overright
(&>) operators now have semantics comparable to box_overleft and box_overright.
This is necessary to make r-tree indexes work correctly on polygons.
Also, I changed circle_left and circle_right to agree with box_left and
box_right --- formerly they allowed the boundaries to touch.  This isn't
actually essential given the lack of any r-tree opclass for circles, but
it seems best to sync all the definitions while we are at it.

2. improve vacuum for gist
   - use FSM
   - full vacuum:
      - reforms parent tuple if it's needed
        ( tuples was deleted on child page or parent tuple remains invalid
          after crash recovery )
      - truncate index file if possible
3. fixes bugs and mistakes

hacking by Alvaro Herrera and Tom Lane.

Euler Taveira de Oliveira
Matthias Schmidt

a descriptor that uses the current transaction snapshot, rather than
SnapshotNow as it did before (and still does if INV_WRITE is set).
This means pg_dump will now dump a consistent snapshot of large object
contents, as it never could do before.  Also, add a lo_create() function
that is similar to lo_creat() but allows the desired OID of the large
object to be specified.  This will simplify pg_restore considerably
(but I'll fix that in a separate commit).

function that accepts a double precision argument assumed to be a Unix
epoch timestamp and returns timestamp with time zone, and accompanying
documentation.

Usage:

test=# select to_timestamp(200120400);
       to_timestamp
------------------------
  1976-05-05 14:00:00+09
(1 row)

Michael Glaesemann

last nextval() or setval() performed by the current session. Update the
docs, add regression tests, and bump the catalog version. Patch from
Dennis Björklund, various improvements by Neil Conway.

from Abhijit Menon-Sen, minor editorialization from Neil Conway. Also,
improve md5(text) to allocate a constant-sized buffer on the stack
rather than via palloc.

Catalog version bumped.

types, as per recent discussion.

* Add session start time to pg_stat_activity
* Add the client IP address and port to pg_stat_activity

Original patch from Magnus Hagander, code review by Neil Conway. Catalog
version bumped. This patch sends the client IP address and port number in
every statistics message; that's not ideal, but will be fixed up shortly.

argument, since that's all they are using now.  Adjust type_sanity
regression test so that it will complain if anyone tries to define
multiple-argument output functions in future.

indexes.  Extend the macros in include/catalog/*.h to carry the info
about hand-assigned OIDs, and adjust the genbki script and bootstrap
code to make the relations actually get those OIDs.  Remove the small
number of RelOid_pg_foo macros that we had in favor of a complete
set named like the catname.h and indexing.h macros.  Next phase will
get rid of internal use of names for looking up catalogs and indexes;
but this completes the changes forcing an initdb, so it looks like a
good place to commit.
Along the way, I made the shared relations (pg_database etc) not be
'bootstrap' relations any more, so as to reduce the number of hardwired
entries and simplify changing those relations in future.  I'm not
sure whether they ever really needed to be handled as bootstrap
relations, but it seems to work fine to not do so now.

be supported for all datatypes.  Add CREATE AGGREGATE and pg_dump support
too.  Add specialized min/max aggregates for bpchar, instead of depending
on text's min/max, because otherwise the possible use of bpchar indexes
cannot be recognized.
initdb forced because of catalog changes.

functions with OUT parameters.  The various PLs still need work, as does
pg_dump.  Rudimentary docs and regression tests included.

proposal for OUT parameter support.  The columns don't actually *do*
anything yet, they are just left NULLs.  But I thought I'd commit this
part separately as a fairly pure example of the tasks needed when adding
a column to pg_proc or one of the other core system tables.

change saves a great deal of space in pg_proc and its primary index,
and it eliminates the former requirement that INDEX_MAX_KEYS and
FUNC_MAX_ARGS have the same value.  INDEX_MAX_KEYS is still embedded
in the on-disk representation (because it affects index tuple header
size), but FUNC_MAX_ARGS is not.  I believe it would now be possible
to increase FUNC_MAX_ARGS at little cost, but haven't experimented yet.
There are still a lot of vestigial references to FUNC_MAX_ARGS, which
I will clean up in a separate pass.  However, getting rid of it
altogether would require changing the FunctionCallInfoData struct,
and I'm not sure I want to buy into that.

access: define new index access method functions 'amgetmulti' that can
fetch multiple TIDs per call.  (The functions exist but are totally
untested as yet.)  Since I was modifying pg_am anyway, remove the
no-longer-needed 'rel' parameter from amcostestimate functions, and
also remove the vestigial amowner column that was creating useless
work for Alvaro's shared-object-dependencies project.
Initdb forced due to changes in pg_am.

convention for isnull flags.  Also, remove the useless InsertIndexResult
return struct from index AM aminsert calls --- there is no reason for
the caller to know where in the index the tuple was inserted, and we
were wasting a palloc cycle per insert to deliver this uninteresting
value (plus nontrivial complexity in some AMs).
I forced initdb because of the change in the signature of the aminsert
routines, even though nothing really looks at those pg_proc entries...

Iijima, reviewed by Neil Conway. Catalog version number bumped,
regression tests updated.

editorializing by Neil Conway. Catalog version bumped.

in favor of looking at the flat file copy of pg_database during backend
startup.  This should finally eliminate the various corner cases in which
backend startup fails unexpectedly because it isn't able to distinguish
live and dead tuples in pg_database.  Simplify locking on pg_database
to be similar to the rules used with pg_shadow and pg_group, and eliminate
FlushRelationBuffers operations that were used only to reduce the odds
of failure of GetRawDatabaseInfo.
initdb forced due to addition of a trigger to pg_database.

Tag appropriate files for rc3

Also performed an initial run through of upgrading our Copyright date to
extend to 2005 ... first run here was very simple ... change everything
where: grep 1996-2004 && the word 'Copyright' ... scanned through the
generated list with 'less' first, and after, to make sure that I only
picked up the right entries ...

columns.  The returned tuple needs to have appropriate NULL columns
inserted so that it actually matches the declared rowtype.  It seemed
convenient to use a JunkFilter for this, so I made some cleanups and
simplifications in the JunkFilter code to allow it to support this
additional functionality.  (That in turn exposed a latent bug in
nodeAppend.c, which is that it was returning a tuple slot whose
descriptor didn't match its data.)  Also, move check_sql_fn_retval
out of pg_proc.c and into functions.c, where it seems to more naturally
belong.

made several times in the past.  Add coercion functions between "char"
and integer so that a workaround is possible if needed.

Initdb forced.

per discussion from Friday.  initdb not forced in this commit but I intend
to do that later.

and history files as per recent discussion.  While at it, remove
pg_terminate_backend, since we have decided we do not have time during
this release cycle to address the reliability concerns it creates.
Split the 'Miscellaneous Functions' documentation section into
'System Information Functions' and 'System Administration Functions',
which hopefully will draw the eyes of those looking for such things.

Christopher Kings-Lynne

better SQL compliance in this area, per recent discussion.  Mark related
operators as commutators where possible.  (The system doesn't actually care
about commutator marking for operators not returning boolean, at the moment,
but this seems forward-thinking and besides it made it easier to verify
that we hadn't missed any.)
Also, remove interval-minus-time and interval-minus-timetz operators.
I'm not sure how these got in, but they are nonstandard and had very
obviously broken behavior.  (minus is not commutative in anyone's book.)
I doubt anyone had ever used 'em, because we'd surely have gotten a bug
report about it if so.

 From an idea of Bruce, the attached patch implements the function
 pg_tablespace_databases(oid) RETURNS SETOF oid
 which delivers as set of database oids having objects in the selected
 tablespace, enabling an admin to examine only the databases affecting
 the tablespace for objects instead of scanning all of them.

initdb forced

This eliminates the assumption that a serial column's sequence will
have the same name on reload that it was given in the original database.

Christopher Kings-Lynne

eliminating the former hard-wired convention about their names.  Allow
pg_cast entries to represent both type coercion and length coercion in
a single step --- this is represented by a function that takes an
extra typmod argument, just like a length coercion function.  This
nicely merges the type and length coercion mechanisms into something
at least a little cleaner than we had before.  Make use of the single-
coercion-step behavior to fix integer-to-bit coercion so that coercing
to bit(n) yields the rightmost n bits of the integer instead of the
leftmost n bits.  This should fix recurrent complaints about the odd
behavior of this coercion.  Clean up the documentation of the bit string
functions, and try to put it where people might actually find it.
Also, get rid of the unreliable heuristics in ruleutils.c about whether
to display nested coercion steps; instead require parse_coerce.c to
label them properly in the first place.

cidr type bit, the same as network_eq does.  This is needed for hash joins
and hash aggregation to work correctly on these types.  Per bug report
from Michael Fuhr, 2004-04-13.
Also, improve hash function for int8 as suggested by Greg Stark.