required by the SQL standard, and TABLESPACE is useful functionality.
Patch from Kris Jurka, minor editorialization by Neil Conway.

up a bunch of the support utilities.

In src/backend/utils/mb/Unicode remove nearly duplicate copies of the
UCS_to_XXX perl script and replace with one version to handle all generic
files.  Update the Makefile so that it knows about all the map files.
This produces a slight difference in some of the map files, using a
uniform naming convention and not mapping the null character.

In src/backend/utils/mb/conversion_procs create a master utf8<->win
codepage function like the ISO 8859 versions instead of having a separate
handler for each conversion.

There is an externally visible change in the name of the win1258 to utf8
conversion.  According to the documentation notes, it was named
incorrectly and this changes it to a standard name.

Running the Unicode mapping perl scripts has shown some additional mapping
changes in koi8r and iso8859-7.

Allow ALTER TABLE ... ALTER CONSTRAINT ... RENAME

Joachim Wieland

it to report reasonable errors in error cases.

records and row types.

Pavel Stehule

comments on cluster global objects like databases, tablespaces, and
roles.

It touches a lot of places, but not much in the way of big changes.  The
only design decision I made was to duplicate the query and manipulation
functions rather than to try and have them handle both shared and local
comments.  I believe this is simpler for the code and not an issue for
callers because they know what type of object they are dealing with.
This has resulted in a shobj_description function analagous to
obj_description and backend functions [Create/Delete]SharedComments
mirroring the existing [Create/Delete]Comments functions.

pg_shdescription.h goes into src/include/catalog/

Kris Jurka

This is mostly just over-compulsiveness on my part, but the exercise
did reveal one real bug: errors.out has a space difference now where
it should not.

Joachim Wieland

inet operators.

minus inet.

Stephen R. van den Berg

  If the second output column value is 'a\nb', the 'b' should appear
  in the second display column, rather than the first column as it
  does now.

Change libpq's PQdsplen() to return more useful values.

> Note: this changes the PQdsplen function, it can now return zero or
> minus one which was not possible before. It doesn't appear anyone is
> actually using the functions other than psql but it is a change. The
> functions are not actually documentated anywhere so it's not like we're
> breaking a defined interface. The new semantics follow the Unicode
> standard.

BACKWARD COMPATIBLE CHANGE.

The only user-visible change I saw in the regression tests is that a
SELECT * on a table where all the columns have been dropped doesn't
return a blank line like before.  This seems like a step forward.

Martijn van Oosterhout

DROP IF EXISTS for ROLE/USER/GROUP

and rely exclusively on the SQL type system to tell the difference between
the types.  Prevent creation of invalid CIDR values via casting from INET
or set_masklen() --- both of these operations now silently zero any bits
to the right of the netmask.  Remove duplicate CIDR comparison operators,
letting the type rely on the INET operators instead.

instead of "10^0".

and DELETE. If specified, the alias must be used instead of the full
table name. Also, the alias currently cannot be used in the SET clause
of UPDATE.

Patch from Atsushi Ogawa, various editorialization by Neil Conway.
Along the way, make the rowtypes regression test pass if add_missing_from
is enabled, and add a new (skeletal) regression test for DELETE.

Continue to support GRANT ON [TABLE] for sequences for backward
compatibility;  issue warning for invalid sequence permissions.

[Backward compatibility warning message.]

Add USAGE permission for sequences that allows only currval() and
nextval(), not setval().

Mention object name in grant/revoke warnings because of possible
multi-object operations.

cursors. Patch from Joachim Wieland, review and ediorialization by Neil
Conway. The view lists cursors defined by DECLARE CURSOR, using SPI, or
via the Bind message of the frontend/backend protocol. This means the
view does not list the unnamed portal or the portal created to implement
EXECUTE. Because we do list SPI portals, there might be more rows in
this view than you might expect if you are using SPI implicitly (e.g.
via a procedural language).

Per recent discussion on -hackers, the query string included in the
view for cursors defined by DECLARE CURSOR is based on
debug_query_string. That means it is not accurate if multiple queries
separated by semicolons are submitted as one query string. However,
there doesn't seem a trivial fix for that: debug_query_string
is better than nothing. I also changed SPI_cursor_open() to include
the source text for the portal it creates: AFAICS there is no reason
not to do this.

Update the documentation and regression tests, bump the catversion.

an array of regtype, rather than an array of OIDs. This is likely to
be more useful to user, and the type OID can easily be obtained by
casting a regtype value to OID. Per suggestion from Tom.

Update the documentation and regression tests, and bump the catversion.

to prepared statements with unknown type are correctly enforced, per
recent bug report.

data type is unspecified or is declared to be "unknown", the type will
be inferred from the context in which the parameter is used. This was
already possible for protocol-level prepared statements.

Replace the former ad-hoc implementation used in the regression tests.
Joachim Wieland

access information about the prepared statements that are available
in the current session. Original patch from Joachim Wieland, various
improvements by Neil Conway.

The "statement" column of the view contains the literal query string
sent by the client, without any rewriting or pretty printing. This
means that prepared statements created via SQL will be prefixed with
"PREPARE ... AS ", whereas those prepared via the FE/BE protocol will
not. That is unfortunate, but discussion on -patches did not yield an
efficient way to improve this, and there is some merit in returning
exactly what the client sent to the backend.

Catalog version bumped, regression tests updated.

wording ("table" added).

single column dump that has a \. value, so the load works properly.  I
also added documentation describing this issue.

(previously we only did = and <> correctly).  Also, allow row comparisons
with any operators that are in btree opclasses, not only those with these
specific names.  This gets rid of a whole lot of indefensible assumptions
about the behavior of particular operators based on their names ... though
it's still true that IN and NOT IN expand to "= ANY".  The patch adds a
RowCompareExpr expression node type, and makes some changes in the
representation of ANY/ALL/ROWCOMPARE SubLinks so that they can share code
with RowCompareExpr.

I have not yet done anything about making RowCompareExpr an indexable
operator, but will look at that soon.

initdb forced due to changes in stored rules.

example from Jim Dew.  Add some simple regression tests, since this is
an area we seem to break regularly :-(

Patch from Pavel Stehule, minor fixups by myself.

ScalarArrayOpExpr when possible, that is, whenever there is an array type
for the values of the expression list.  This completes the project I've
been working on to improve the speed of index searches with long IN lists,
as per discussion back in mid-October.

I did not force initdb, but until you do one you will see failures in the
"rules" regression test, because some of the standard system views use IN
and their compiled formats have changed.

a SubLink expression into a rule query.  Pre-8.1 we essentially did this
unconditionally; 8.1 tries to do it only when needed, but was missing a
couple of cases.  Per report from Kyle Bateman.  Add some regression test
cases covering this area.

process of dropping roles by dropping objects owned by them and privileges
granted to them, or giving the owned objects to someone else, through the
use of the data stored in the new pg_shdepend catalog.

Some refactoring of the GRANT/REVOKE code was needed, as well as ALTER OWNER
code.  Further cleanup of code duplication in the GRANT code seems necessary.

Implemented by me after an idea from Tom Lane, who also provided various kind
of implementation advice.

Regression tests pass.  Some tests for the new functionality are also added,
as well as rudimentary documentation.

DROP objecttype IF EXISTS for the following objects:
  table view index sequence schema type domain conversion

the array (for array_push) or higher-dimensional array (for array_cat)
rather than decrementing it as before.  This avoids generating lower
bounds other than one for any array operation within the SQL spec.  Per
recent discussion.
Interestingly, this seems to have been the original behavior, because
while updating the docs I noticed that a large fraction of relevant
examples were *wrong* for the old behavior and are now right.  Is it
worth correcting this in the back-branch docs?

functionality, but I still need to make another pass looking at places
that incidentally use arrays (such as ACL manipulation) to make sure they
are null-safe.  Contrib needs work too.
I have not changed the behaviors that are still under discussion about
array comparison and what to do with lower bounds.

some small stylistic improvements in these functions.  Also fix several
places where TMODULO() was being used with wrong-sized quotient argument,
creating a risk of overflow --- interval2tm was actually capable of going
into an infinite loop because of this.