Update the psql reference page accordingly.

over a fairly long period of time, rather than being spat out in a burst.
This happens only for background checkpoints carried out by the bgwriter;
other cases, such as a shutdown checkpoint, are still done at full speed.

Remove the "all buffers" scan in the bgwriter, and associated stats
infrastructure, since this seems no longer very useful when the checkpoint
itself is properly throttled.

Original patch by Itagaki Takahiro, reworked by Heikki Linnakangas,
and some minor API editorialization by me.

installations whose pg_config program does not appear first in the PATH.
Per gripe from Eddie Stanley and subsequent discussions with Fabien Coelho
and others.

on XP or earlier versions of Windows.

Andrew Dunstan

by having the postmaster signal it when certain failures occur.  This requires
the postmaster setting a flag in shared memory, but should be as safe as the
pmsignal.c code is.

Also make sure the launcher honor's a postgresql.conf change turning it off
on SIGHUP.

(which now deals only in optimizable statements), and put that code
into a new file parser/parse_utilcmd.c.  This helps clarify and enforce
the design rule that utility statements shouldn't be processed during
the regular parse analysis phase; all interpretation of their meaning
should happen after they are given to ProcessUtility to execute.
(We need this because we don't retain any locks for a utility statement
that's in a plan cache, nor have any way to detect that it's stale.)

We are also able to simplify the API for parse_analyze() and related
routines, because they will now always return exactly one Query structure.

In passing, fix bug #3403 concerning trying to add a serial column to
an existing temp table (this is largely Heikki's work, but we needed
all that restructuring to make it safe).

provide visual separation from the rest of the log line; I've been
noticing lately that quite a few newbies fail to figure this out for
themselves.  Also a little editorial cleanup of the log_line_prefix
description.

output after each FETCH. This ensures that incremental results are
available to clients that are executing long-running SELECT queries
via the FETCH_COUNT feature.

parse_int() and with itself (strtod allows leading whitespace, so it
seems odd not to allow trailing whitespace).  parse_bool remains
not-whitespace-friendly, but this is generically true for non-numeric
GUC variables, so I'll desist from changing it.

contain a wrong unit specification, per discussion.
In passing, fix the code to avoid unnecessary integer overflows when
converting units, and to detect overflows when they do occur.

constraints the planner is unable to disprove, hence simple btree-compatible
conditions should be used.  We've seen people try to get cute with stuff
like date_part(something) = something at least twice now.  Even if we
wanted to try to teach predtest.c about the properties of date_part,
most of the useful variants aren't immutable so nothing could be proved.

SGML docs.

actually works sanely, viz not 0 and not more than INT_MAX/1000
(else TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds can overflow).  Per discussion with
Greg Stark.  Since this is a superuser-only setting and there was not
previously any big reason to change it, not worth back-patching.

	create table foo (bar int default null default 3);
due to not thinking about the special-case handling of DEFAULT NULL.
Problem noticed while investigating bug #3396.

NULL and DefineDomain didn't.  Bug goes all the way back to original coding
of domains.  Per bug #3396 from Sergey Burladyan.

necessary, since files opened via AllocateFile() are closed automatically
as part of error recovery.

test seems inessential right now since the only control path for not
getting the lock is via CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS which won't return control
to ProcSleep, but it would be important if we ever allow the deadlock
code to kill someone else's transaction instead of our own.

within a signal handler (this might be safe given the relatively narrow code
range in which the interrupt is enabled, but it seems awfully risky); do issue
more informative log messages that tell what is being waited for and the exact
length of the wait; minor other code cleanup.  Greg Stark and Tom Lane

unreserved according to the grammar.  The list of unreserved words has gotten
extensive enough that the unnecessary quoting is becoming a bit of an eyesore.
To do this, add knowledge of the keyword category to keywords.c's table.
(Someday we might be able to generate keywords.c's table and the keyword lists
in gram.y from a common source.)  For the moment, lie about WITH's status in
the table so it will still get quoted --- this is because of the expectation
that WITH will become reserved when the SQL recursive-queries patch gets done.

I didn't force initdb because this affects nothing on-disk; but note that a
few regression tests have changed expected output.

Simon Riggs

reads beyond EOF, except by special coercion.

profiling that CopyAttributeOutText was taking an unreasonable fraction of
the backend run time (like 66%!) on the following trivial test case:

$ time psql -c "copy (select repeat('xyzzy',50) from generate_series(1,10000000)) to stdout" regression >/dev/null

The time is all being spent on scanning the string for characters to be
escaped, which most of the time there aren't any of.  Some tweaking to take
as many tests as possible out of the inner loop reduced the runtime of this
example by more than 10%.  In a real-world case it wouldn't be as useful
a speedup, but it still seems worth adding a few lines here.

few lines in sql_exec_error_callback() by using the function source string
field that the patch added to SQL function cache entries.  This doesn't work
because the fn_extra field isn't filled in yet during init_sql_fcache().
Probably it could be made to work, but it doesn't seem appropriate to contort
the main code paths to make an error-reporting path a tad faster.  Per report
from Pavel Stehule.

an array of strings rather than an array of integers, and allow any simple
constant or identifier to be used in typmods; for example
	create table foo (f1 widget(42,'23skidoo',point));
Of course the typmodin function has still got to pack this info into a
non-negative int32 for storage, but it's still a useful improvement in
flexibility, especially considering that you can do nearly anything if you
are willing to keep the info in a side table.  We can get away with this
change since we have not yet released a version providing user-definable
typmods.  Per discussion.

to prevent possible deadlock problems.  Per request from Tom Lane.

options to deal with strange line endings.

reassembled in the syslogger before writing to the log file. This prevents
partial messages from being written, which mucks up log rotation, and
messages from different backends being interleaved, which causes garbled
logs. Backport as far as 8.0, where the syslogger was introduced.

Tom Lane and Andrew Dunstan

avoid mistakenly calling a function of the same name that might happen
to appear earlier in the schema search path.

< * Allow EXPLAIN output to be more easily processed by scripts
> * Allow EXPLAIN output to be more easily processed by scripts, perhaps XML

comments noting that there's an alignment assumption now that the data
field could be in 1-byte-header format.  Per discussion with Greg Stark.

Add ability to add "prefix include directories", and use it...

With this, ecpg regression tests now pass on MSVC builds.