when we first read the page, rather than checking them one at a time.
This allows us to take and release the buffer content lock just once
per page, instead of once per tuple.  Since it's a shared lock the
contention penalty for holding the lock longer shouldn't be too bad.
We can safely do this only when using an MVCC snapshot; else the
assumption that visibility won't change over time is uncool.  Therefore
there are now two code paths depending on the snapshot type.  I also
made the same change in nodeBitmapHeapscan.c, where it can be done always
because we only support MVCC snapshots for bitmap scans anyway.
Also make some incidental cleanups in the APIs of these functions.
Per a suggestion from Qingqing Zhou.

qualification when the underlying operator is indexable and useOr is true.
That is, indexkey op ANY (ARRAY[...]) is effectively translated into an
OR combination of one indexscan for each array element.  This only works
for bitmap index scans, of course, since regular indexscans no longer
support OR'ing of scans.  There are still some loose ends to clean up
before changing 'x IN (list)' to translate as a ScalarArrayOpExpr;
for instance predtest.c ought to be taught about it.  But this gets the
basic functionality in place.

generate their output tuple descriptors from their target lists (ie, using
ExecAssignResultTypeFromTL()).  We long ago fixed things so that all node
types have minimally valid tlists, so there's no longer any good reason to
have two different ways of doing it.  This change is needed to fix bug
reported by Hayden James: the fix of 2005-11-03 to emit the correct column
names after optimizing away a SubqueryScan node didn't work if the new
top-level plan node used ExecAssignResultTypeFromOuterPlan to generate its
tupdesc, since the next plan node down won't have the correct column labels.

comment line where output as too long, and update typedefs for /lib
directory.  Also fix case where identifiers were used as variable names
in the backend, but as typedefs in ecpg (favor the backend for
indenting).

Backpatch to 8.1.X.

 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS variant

process of dropping roles by dropping objects owned by them and privileges
granted to them, or giving the owned objects to someone else, through the
use of the data stored in the new pg_shdepend catalog.

Some refactoring of the GRANT/REVOKE code was needed, as well as ALTER OWNER
code.  Further cleanup of code duplication in the GRANT code seems necessary.

Implemented by me after an idea from Tom Lane, who also provided various kind
of implementation advice.

Regression tests pass.  Some tests for the new functionality are also added,
as well as rudimentary documentation.

the convenience of tuptoaster.c and is no longer needed, so may as well
get rid of some small amount of overhead.

tuple in-place, but instead passes back an all-new tuple structure if
any changes are needed.  This is a much cleaner and more robust solution
for the bug discovered by Alexey Beschiokov; accordingly, revert the
quick hack I installed yesterday.
With this change, HeapTupleData.t_datamcxt is no longer needed; will
remove it in a separate commit in HEAD only.

DROP objecttype IF EXISTS for the following objects:
  table view index sequence schema type domain conversion

contents directly.

functionality, but I still need to make another pass looking at places
that incidentally use arrays (such as ACL manipulation) to make sure they
are null-safe.  Contrib needs work too.
I have not changed the behaviors that are still under discussion about
array comparison and what to do with lower bounds.

that was added to localbuf.c in 8.1; therefore, applying it to a temp table
left corrupt lookup state in memory.  The only case where this had a
significant chance of causing problems was an ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS temp
table; the other possible paths left bogus state that was unlikely to
be used again.  Per report from Csaba Nagy.

sense and rename to "outerjoin_delayed" to more clearly reflect what it
means).  I had decided that it was redundant in 8.1, but the folly of this
is exposed by a bug report from Sebastian Böck.  The place where it's
needed is to prevent orindxpath.c from cherry-picking arms of an outer-join
OR clause to form a relation restriction that isn't actually legal to push
down to the relation scan level.  There may be some legal cases that this
forbids optimizing, but we'd need much closer analysis to determine it.

slot of the topmost plan node when a trigger returns a modified tuple.
These appear to be the only places where a plan node's caller did not
treat the result slot as read-only, which is an assumption that nodeUnique
makes as of 8.1.  Fixes trigger-vs-DISTINCT bug reported by Frank van Vugt.

on every index page they read; in particular to catch the case of an
all-zero page, which PageHeaderIsValid allows to pass.  It turns out
hash already had this idea, but it was just Assert()ing things rather
than doing a straight error check, and the Asserts were partially
redundant with PageHeaderIsValid anyway.  Per recent failure example
from Jim Nasby.  (gist still needs the same treatment.)

for the SLRU race condition that I posted a few days ago, but we decided
not to use in 8.1 and older branches.

to assume that the string pointer passed to set_ps_display is good forever.
There's no need to anyway since ps_status.c itself saves the string, and
we already had an API (get_ps_display) to return it.
I believe this explains Jim Nasby's report of intermittent crashes in
elog.c when %i format code is in use in log_line_prefix.
While at it, repair a previously unnoticed problem: on some platforms such as
Darwin, the string returned by get_ps_display was blank-padded to the maximum
length, meaning that lock.c's attempt to append " waiting" to it never worked.

create circularity of role memberships.  This is a minimum-impact fix
for the problem reported by Florian Pflug.  I thought about removing
the superuser_arg test from is_member_of_role() altogether, as it seems
redundant for many of the callers --- but not all, and it's way too late
in the 8.1 cycle to be making large changes.  Perhaps reconsider this
later.

those names.  (Debug and None were pretty bad names anyway.)  I hope I catched
all uses of the names in comments too.

inFromCl true, meaning that they will list out as explicit RTEs if they
are in a view or rule.  Update comments about inFromCl to reflect the way
it's now actually used.  Per recent discussion.

to the main thread.  This allows removal of WaitForSingleObjectEx() calls
from the main thread, thereby allowing us to re-enable Qingqing Zhou's
CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS performance improvement.  Qingqing, Magnus, et al.

WaitForSingleObjectEx is always called by CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS.  This
should be reinstated but the setitimer() emulation will have to be
redesigned first.

a kernel call unless there's some evidence of a pending signal.  This should
bring its performance on Windows into line with the Unix version.  Problem
diagnosis and patch by Qingqing Zhou.  Minor stylistic tweaks by moi ...
if it's broken, it's my fault.

of the form nextval('foo'::varchar) doesn't break.  Per gripe from
Jean-Pierre Pelletier.  Initdb forced :-(

Per request from Marc.

fix problems with replacement-string backslashes that aren't followed by
one of the expected characters, avoid giving the impression that
replace_text_regexp() is meant to be called directly as a SQL function,
etc.

exported routines of ip.c, md5.c, and fe-auth.c to begin with 'pg_'.
Also get rid of the vestigial fe_setauthsvc/fe_getauthsvc routines
altogether.

the facility has been set, the facility gets set to LOCAL0 and cannot
be changed later.  This seems reasonably plausible to happen, particularly
at higher debug log levels, though I am not certain it explains Han Holl's
recent report.  Easiest fix is to teach the code how to change the value
on-the-fly, which is nicer anyway.  I made the settings PGC_SIGHUP to
conform with log_destination.

that is protected by a spinlock must be volatile, per recent discussion.

pointers, to ensure that compilers won't rearrange accesses to occur
while we're not holding the buffer header spinlock.  It's probably
not necessary to mark volatile in every single place in bufmgr.c,
but better safe than sorry.  Per trouble report from Kevin Grittner.

whether we seem to be running in a uniprocessor or multiprocessor.
The adjustment rules could probably still use further tweaking, but
I'm convinced this should be a win overall.

The pre-test has been shown to be a big loss on Opterons and at best a
wash on EM64T.

traceable to grant options.  As per my earlier proposal, a GRANT made by
a role member has to be recorded as being granted by the role that actually
holds the grant option, and not the member.

like '23:59:60' because of fractional-second roundoff problems.  Trying
to control this upstream of the actual display code was hopeless; the right
way is to explicitly round fractional seconds in the display code and then
refigure the results if the fraction rounds up to 1.  Per bug #1927.

Per request from Marc Munro.