auxiliary tables to not get shrunk and generate a notice to the user.

The AppendOnlyCompaction_IsRelationEmpty() function incorrectly assumed that
the column number for tupcount column was the same in pg_aoseg and pg_aocsseg
tables. This cause it to incorrectly return true even when the CO relation was
not empty. This method is used in vacuum to determine if the auxiliary
relations need to be vacuumed. Due to the bug, vacuum would update the
pg_aocsseg relation and vacuum it within the same transaction and hence
generate the NOTICE that it can't shrink the relation because transaction is
already in progress and would not shrink the relation.

Also make sure that we do a vacuum on the auxiliary relations only in two cases :-
1. Vacuum cleanup phase
2. Relation is empty and we are in prepare phase
Otherwise we will end up with the same issue above if some of the segments have
zero rows

pg_regress uses a tool called gpdiff.pl in order to compare diffs between
expected and actual result files in installcheck-good. pg_regress was hard
coded to always invoke gpdiff.pl to ignore NOTICE statements. Instead it would
be better to selectively ignore some NOTICE statements which are harmless and
which show up very often and compare the rest. This patch causes pg_regress to
invoke gpdiff.pl with an init_file which contains patterns that are to be
ignored.

pathnode_copy_node() was dead.

The freeze_outer_path argument was always passed as false. Remove it.

Make some functions that are only called within the same .c file static.

And revert some whitespace changes vs. upstream. All of these changes
reduce the diff against upstream slightly, reducing merge conflicts in the
future.

They belong in headers. Otherwise, if the function's signature changes, the
compiler will not warn you.

Makes merging easier.

It's no longer needed, as Params carry a typmod now.

This adds the log_temp_files GUC. All the other changes in this batch
we had backported already.

Conflicts:
	contrib/adminpack/adminpack.c
	contrib/pgbench/pgbench.c
	doc/README.mb.big5
	doc/TODO
	doc/src/FAQ/TODO.html
	doc/src/sgml/Makefile
	doc/src/sgml/charset.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/docguide.sgml
	src/backend/access/common/heaptuple.c
	src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c
	src/backend/storage/file/fd.c
	src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
	src/include/access/heapam.h
	src/include/access/htup.h
	src/include/utils/guc.h
	src/tools/copyright
	src/tools/msvc/build.bat
	src/tools/msvc/gendef.pl

Revert those.

I suspect these files used DOS line endings at some point, and they got
mangled into two newlines. I did this for select.sgml as part of previous
merge commit already.

This adds support for NULLS FIRST/LAST.

Also bump the ORCA version number, as ORCA had to be slightly modified to
support NULLS FIRST.

There is a change to the behaviour of NULL constants in a UNION. This used
to work in Greenplum: "select 1 union select distinct null", but now it
throws an error because the datatype of the NULL is not not known. It has
always thrown an error in PostgreSQL, and I couldn't figure out if it was
an intentional change in Greenplum, or something that fell out of other
changes by accident. I'm not sure what part of this patch caused that change
in behaviour. If that was intentional, we might have to change it again, but
for now I changed the expected output of regression tests to match the
upstream behaviour.

Conflicts:
	doc/TODO
	doc/src/FAQ/TODO.html
	doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/queries.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/ref/create_index.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/sql.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
	src/backend/access/hash/README
	src/backend/access/nbtree/README
	src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtsearch.c
	src/backend/catalog/index.c
	src/backend/catalog/toasting.c
	src/backend/commands/analyze.c
	src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c
	src/backend/executor/nodeAgg.c
	src/backend/executor/nodeSort.c
	src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
	src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
	src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
	src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
	src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c
	src/backend/parser/analyze.c
	src/backend/parser/gram.y
	src/backend/parser/keywords.c
	src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c
	src/backend/parser/parser.c
	src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
	src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c
	src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
	src/backend/utils/sort/tuplesort.c
	src/include/catalog/catversion.h
	src/include/catalog/pg_am.h
	src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
	src/include/nodes/relation.h
	src/include/parser/parse_clause.h
	src/include/utils/tuplesort.h
	src/test/regress/expected/create_index.out
	src/test/regress/expected/select.out
	src/test/regress/sql/geometry.sql
	src/test/regress/sql/select.sql
	src/tools/msvc/README
	src/tools/msvc/mkvcbuild.pl

This reverts commit 82216def.

Function pinv, and not its caller, should be responsible for initiating the entries of the result table.
Actually, we move the fix of commit 5d870156 inside pinv.

This was causing a segfault when compiling with -O3 on Centos 7
(gcc (GCC) 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-9)). I'm not 100% if that was
actually a compiler bug, but unaligned access would definitely be wrong
on architectures that are strict on alignment anyway.

When there are too many constant predicates in IN (NOT IN) clause,
signal is not handled in the loop of calling predicate_refuted_by_recurse.

Alter partitioned table set distributed by will dispatch information
from QD to QEs, the information is not correctly coded and decoded on
both sides when:
1. reorganize = false.
2. table have index.
3. partition table have "with" option.

This was put in some time ago as a work-around for detection of SSE 4.2
support. But we have pretty solid autoconf magic for that now, so that's
no longer needed. Moreover, that rock-solid autoconf magic was getting
confused by the way we pass compiler flags in CC rather than CFLAGS.

Authors: Jimmy Yih and James McAtamney

Previously, when performing an incremental restore, tuple counts
on the master for all AO/CO tables would be updated, including
those AO/CO tables that already existed in the target database.
These counts would still be updated regardless of which tables
were restored, or whether any of the restored tables were AO/CO
tables.

AO/CO statistics are now updated only for those AO/CO tables that
are part of the incremental restore.

Authors: Jimmy Yih and James McAtamney

This patch merges the PostgreSQL 9.5 implementation of SSE4.2 into GPDB.
The SSE4.2 implementation was lifted right out of PostgreSQL without
change to make merging later PostgreSQL releases easier.

Update win32 configuration to support SSE4.2 runtime checks

This change was pulled from "src/include/pg_config.h.win32" from the
commits below.

configure.in changes, determining if cpu instruction for perfomring runtime
checks are availible, and moving some of the code to port SSE4.2 came from the
following PostgreSQL commits:

commit 3dc2d62d
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Date:   Tue Apr 14 17:05:03 2015 +0300

    Use Intel SSE 4.2 CRC instructions where available.

    Modern x86 and x86-64 processors with SSE 4.2 support have special
    instructions, crc32b and crc32q, for calculating CRC-32C. They greatly
    speed up CRC calculation.

    Whether the instructions can be used or not depends on the compiler and the
    target architecture. If generation of SSE 4.2 instructions is allowed for
    the target (-msse4.2 flag on gcc and clang), use them. If they are not
    allowed by default, but the compiler supports the -msse4.2 flag to enable
    them, compile just the CRC-32C function with -msse4.2 flag, and check at
    runtime whether the processor we're running on supports it. If it doesn't,
    fall back to the slicing-by-8 algorithm. (With the common defaults on
    current operating systems, the runtime-check variant is what you get in
    practice.)

    Abhijit Menon-Sen, heavily modified by me, reviewed by Andres Freund.

commit b4eb2d16
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Date:   Tue Apr 14 19:56:00 2015 +0300
	On gcc and clang, the _mm_crc32_u8 and _mm_crc32_u64 intrinsics are not
	defined at all, when not building with -msse4.2. But on icc, they are.
	So we cannot assume that if those intrinsics are defined, we can always use
	them safely, we might still need the runtime check.

	To fix, check if the __SSE_4_2__ preprocessor symbol is defined. That's
	supposed to be defined only when the compiler is targeting a processor that
	has SSE 4.2 support.

	Per buildfarm members fulmar and okapi.

I already removed support from the backend and from tools in src/bin
earlier, but missed these tools in contrib.

I removed everything else from gpupgrade earlier, but missed this file
for reason.

1. Remove unnecessary ORDER BYs (one of them still needed, as gpdiff.pl got
confused by the ORDER BY within subquery, thinking that the order of the
overall query was well-ordered).

2. Move GPDB-added test queries to separate test file, union_gp.sql.

This is part of long-standing effort ot eliminate the separate bugbuster
suite.

There are similar tests in the partition1 test already, so keep them
together.

These exactly same queries from bugbuster 'partition' test were already in
the main suite's 'partition' test (and even had some comments there).

This test takes a very long time, so by splitting it and running other tests
in parallel, we can hopefully utilize multiple CPUs better during regression
tests, and finish the tests earlier.

There's no big principle on where exactly I split this, but I did take care
that the new 'partition1' test case doesn't need different expected output
files for the ORCA and non-ORCA case. That always makes maintenance easier.

These tests query pg_locks and fail if there are concurrent transactions
holding locks. Isolate them to separate file, so that we can safely run
other tests in parallel.

When gethostbyaddr fails in gpssh-exkeys, print the name
of the host that failed lookup for easier troubleshooting.

When the cluster has multiple segments, planner now mistakenly calculates the
row number of catalog tables. One example is: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_class may
say the table has 200 rows of records, while EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM pg_class
would say there are 200 * N rows of records, even if you have already issued ANALYZE
upon pg_class and restarted the session(to reload the relation cache), where N
is the number of primary segments.

Another bug is for query like SELECT * FROM gp_dist_random('pg_class'), in this
case, planner should assume the size of pg_class to be 200 * N, instead of the
current 200.

Only minor formatting and comment changes, everything else in this merge
commit we had already backported earlier.

Conflicts:
	configure
	configure.in
	doc/TODO
	doc/src/FAQ/TODO.html
	doc/src/sgml/Makefile
	doc/src/sgml/installation.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/release.sgml
	src/Makefile.shlib
	src/backend/executor/execQual.c
	src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
	src/backend/optimizer/plan/initsplan.c
	src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c
	src/backend/parser/parser.c
	src/backend/port/Makefile
	src/backend/utils/adt/float.c
	src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
	src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
	src/include/utils/xml.h
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-charfuncs.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-dec_test.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-rfmtdate.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-rfmtlong.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-rnull.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-test_informix.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/compat_informix-test_informix2.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/connect-test1.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/connect-test2.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/connect-test3.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/connect-test4.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/connect-test5.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/pgtypeslib-dt_test.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/pgtypeslib-dt_test2.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/pgtypeslib-num_test.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/pgtypeslib-num_test2.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-comment.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-define.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-init.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-type.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-variable.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/preproc-whenever.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-array.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-binary.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-code100.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-copystdout.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-define.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-desc.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-dynalloc.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-dynalloc2.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-dyntest.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-execute.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-fetch.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-func.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-indicators.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-quote.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/sql-show.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/thread-thread.c
	src/interfaces/ecpg/test/expected/thread-thread_implicit.c
	src/interfaces/libpq/Makefile
	src/test/regress/expected/xml.out
	src/test/regress/expected/xml_1.out
	src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql

Just the bump in copyright year in this, nothing interesting. And almost
every file already carried a higher year already anyway, so I didn't
touch those. I did update the PostgreSQL CVS tags where applicable, though,
just to reduce the number of merge conflicts in future.

Noth much interesting here, but I wanted to stop before the next upstream
commit, which is a mechanical Copyright year bump.

Conflicts:
	contrib/btree_gist/btree_gist.sql.in
	doc/FAQ
	doc/FAQ_DEV
	doc/FAQ_japanese
	doc/bug.template
	doc/src/FAQ/FAQ.html
	doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_DEV.html
	doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_japanese.html
	doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/ref/postgres-ref.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml
	doc/src/sgml/release.sgml
	src/backend/access/gin/ginvacuum.c
	src/backend/access/heap/tuptoaster.c
	src/backend/main/main.c
	src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
	src/backend/tcop/postgres.c
	src/backend/utils/adt/float.c
	src/backend/utils/adt/regexp.c
	src/bin/pg_ctl/pg_ctl.c
	src/bin/pg_dump/dumputils.c
	src/include/catalog/pg_type.h
	src/include/pg_config.h.win32
	src/include/utils/builtins.h
	src/interfaces/ecpg/compatlib/Makefile
	src/interfaces/ecpg/ecpglib/Makefile
	src/interfaces/ecpg/pgtypeslib/Makefile
	src/interfaces/ecpg/preproc/Makefile
	src/interfaces/libpq/Makefile
	src/interfaces/libpq/libpq.rc.in
	src/port/win32ver.rc
	src/test/regress/pg_regress.c
	src/tools/RELEASE_CHANGES
	src/tools/copyright
	src/tools/msvc/Project.pm