literally.

Add GUC variables:

        "escape_string_warning" - warn about backslashes in non-E strings
        "escape_string_syntax" - supports E'' syntax?
        "standard_compliant_strings" - treats backslashes literally in ''

Update code to use E'' when escapes are used.

cosmetic at the moment, but someday Oid might be 64 bits ...

CREATE DATABASE does one internally.

should fix the recent reports of "index is not a btree" failures,
as well as preventing a more obscure race condition involving changes
to a template database just after copying it with CREATE DATABASE.

was being called twice in normal operation, leading to a leak of one set
of relcache subsidiary info.  Per report from Jeff Gold.

> 	o Pass arrays natively instead of as text between plperl and postgres
> 	o Add support for polymorphic arguments and return types to plperl

< * Allow per-user, per-group quotas per-tablespace
> * Allow per-tablespace quotas

< * Allow per-user and per-tablespaces quotas
> * Allow per-user, per-group quotas per-tablespace

> * Allow per-user and per-tablespaces quotas

> * Add NUMERIC division operator that doesn't round?
>
>   Currently NUMERIC _rounds_ the result to the specified precision.
>   This means division can return a result that multiplied by the
>   divisor is greater than the dividend, e.g. this returns a value > 10:
>
>     SELECT (10::numeric(2,0) / 6::numeric(2,0))::numeric(2,0) * 6;
>
>   The positive modulus result returned by NUMERICs might be considered
>   inaccurate, in one sense.
>

>
>   Currently SIGTERM of a backend can lead to lock table corruption.
>

to the existing X-direction tests.  An rtree class now includes 4 actual
2-D tests, 4 1-D X-direction tests, and 4 1-D Y-direction tests.
This involved adding four new Y-direction test operators for each of
box and polygon; I followed the PostGIS project's lead as to the names
of these operators.
NON BACKWARDS COMPATIBLE CHANGE: the poly_overleft (&<) and poly_overright
(&>) operators now have semantics comparable to box_overleft and box_overright.
This is necessary to make r-tree indexes work correctly on polygons.
Also, I changed circle_left and circle_right to agree with box_left and
box_right --- formerly they allowed the boundaries to touch.  This isn't
actually essential given the lack of any r-tree opclass for circles, but
it seems best to sync all the definitions while we are at it.

CURRENT_TIME, and LOCALTIME: now they just produce "timestamptz" not
"timestamptz(6)", etc.  This makes the behavior more consistent with our
choice to not assign a specific default precision to column datatypes.
It should also save a few cycles at runtime due to not having to invoke
the round-to-given-precision functions.
I also took the opportunity to translate CURRENT_TIMESTAMP into "now()"
instead of an invocation of the timestamptz input converter --- this should
save a few cycles too.

performance. patches submitted by Atsushi Ogawa.

> * -Fix incorrect rtree results due to wrong assumptions about "over"
>   operator semantics

< * Allow REINDEX to rebuild all database indexes, remove /contrib/reindex
> * -Allow REINDEX to rebuild all database indexes

> * Add program to test if fsync has a delay compared to non-fsync

polygon operators (<<, &<, >>, &>).  Per ideas originally put forward
by andrew@supernews and later rediscovered by moi.  This patch just
fixes the existing opclasses, and does not add any new behavior as I
proposed earlier; that can be sorted out later.  In principle this
could be back-patched, since it changes only search behavior and not
system catalog entries nor rtree index contents.  I'm not currently
planning to do that, though, since I think it could use more testing.

< * Allow administrators to safely terminate individual sessions
<
<   Right now, SIGTERM will terminate a session, but it is treated as
<   though the postmaster has paniced and shared memory might not be
<   cleaned up properly.  A new signal is needed for safe termination
<   because backends must first do a query cancel, then exit once they
<   have run the query cancel cleanup routine.
<
> * Allow administrators to safely terminate individual sessions either
>   via an SQL function or SIGTERM

logical place for it since it is of no use to users.  Per recent
discussions on cleaning up contrib.

a physically separate type.  Defining 'lo' as a domain over OID works
just fine and is more efficient.  Improve documentation and fix up the
test script.  (Would like to turn test script into a proper regression
test, but right now its output is not constant because of numeric OIDs;
plus it makes Unix-specific assumptions about files it can import.)

(There are more that will be removed once they've been copied to
pgfoundry.org.)

in the database.  The old behavior (reindex system catalogs only) is now
available as REINDEX SYSTEM.  I did not add the complementary REINDEX USER
case since there did not seem to be consensus for this, but it would be
trivial to add later.  Per recent discussions.

of columns of a query result so that it can "see through" cursors and
prepared statements.  Per gripe a couple months back from John DeSoi.

argument list contains parameter symbols ($n) declared as type VOID,
discard these arguments.  This allows the driver to avoid renumbering
mixed IN and OUT argument placeholders (the JDBC syntax involves writing
? for both IN and OUT parameters, but on the server side we don't think
that OUT parameters are arguments).  This doesn't break any currently-
useful cases since VOID is not used as an input argument type.

we need to be careful to reset rc to PLPGSQL_RC_OK, depending on how
the loop's logic is structured. If we continue a loop but it then
exits without executing the loop's body again, we want to return
PLPGSQL_RC_OK to our caller.  Enhance the regression tests to catch
this problem. Per report from Michael Fuhr.

(1) The code doesn't initialize `sum', so the initial "does the checksum
    match?" test is wrong.

(2) The loop that is intended to check for a "null block" just checks
    the first byte of the tar block 512 times, rather than each of the
    512 bytes one time (!), which I'm guessing was the intent.

It was only through sheer luck that this worked in the first place.

Per Coverity static analysis performed by EnterpriseDB.

is redundant after a check has already been made for "num < 0". The "set"
variable can also be removed, as it is now no longer used. Per checking
with Karel, this is the right fix.

Per Coverity static analysis performed by EnterpriseDB.

next iteration of a loop. Update documentation and add regression tests.
Patch from Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Neil Conway.

using the recently added lo_create() function.  The restore logic in
pg_restore is greatly simplified as well, since there's no need anymore
to try to adjust database references to match a new set of blob OIDs.

Dave Page.  Also, cause it to emit rather than ignore any ACL and
datconfig options that may be set for these two databases.

unlike template0 and template1 does not have any special status in
terms of backend functionality.  However, all external utilities such
as createuser and createdb now connect to "postgres" instead of
template1, and the documentation is changed to encourage people to use
"postgres" instead of template1 as a play area.  This should fix some
longstanding gotchas involving unexpected propagation of database
objects by createdb (when you used template1 without understanding
the implications), as well as ameliorating the problem that CREATE
DATABASE is unhappy if anyone else is connected to template1.
Patch by Dave Page, minor editing by Tom Lane.  All per recent
pghackers discussions.

malformed ident map file.  This was introduced by the linked list
rewrite in 8.0 -- mea maxima culpa.

Per Coverity static analysis performed by EnterpriseDB.

only used in one branch of an if statement, so we can move its
declaration to that block. This also avoids an unnecessary syscache
lookup.

Per Coverity static analysis performed by EnterpriseDB.