"static" to reduce size of generated code slightly.

pickup license clarification (3-clause BSD is now used). Add license
terms to memcmp.c (also from NetBSD), which previously had none.
Finally, pickup an upstream fix to crypt.c (const-ify some arrays).

made several times in the past.  Add coercion functions between "char"
and integer so that a workaround is possible if needed.

Initdb forced.

per discussion from Friday.  initdb not forced in this commit but I intend
to do that later.

running contains VACUUM or a similar command that will internally start
and commit transactions.  In such a case, the original caller values of
CurrentMemoryContext and CurrentResourceOwner will point to objects that
will be destroyed by the internal commit.  We must restore these pointers
to point to the newly-manufactured transaction context and resource owner,
rather than possibly pointing to deleted memory.
Also tweak xact.c so that AbortTransaction and AbortSubTransaction
forcibly restore a sane value for CurrentResourceOwner, much as they
have always done for CurrentMemoryContext.  I'm not certain this is
necessary but I'm feeling paranoid today.
Responds to Sean Chittenden's bug report of 4-Oct.

# MinGW uses '%I64d', though gcc throws an warning with -Wall,
# while '%lld' doesn't generate a warning, but doesn't work.

defines.

bigint variants).  Clean up some inconsistencies in error message wording.
Fix scanint8 to allow trailing whitespace in INT64_MIN case.  Update
int8-exp-three-digits.out, which seems to have been ignored by the last
couple of people to modify the int8 regression test, and remove
int8-exp-three-digits-win32.out which is thereby exposed as redundant.

library that uses palloc, ereport, etc.  This simplifies the makefiles
for client applications.

is optional.

from Sebastian Böck.  The fix involves being more consistent about
when rangetable entries are copied or modified.  Someday we really
need to fix this stuff to not scribble on its input data structures
in the first place...

This seems the cleanest way of fixing its lack of a shutdown callback,
which was preventing it from working correctly in a query that didn't
run it to completion.  Per bug report from Szima GÄbor.

is restored on error exit.

must be stale.  Tweak example startup scripts to not use pg_ctl but launch
the postmaster directly, thereby ensuring that only the postmaster's direct
parent shell will be a postgres-owned process.  In combination these should
fix the longstanding problem of the postmaster sometimes refusing to start
during reboot because it thinks the old lockfile is not stale.

of locking used by REINDEX.  REINDEX needs only ShareLock on the parent
table, same as CREATE INDEX, plus an exclusive lock on the specific index
being processed.

to unreserved keyword, use ereport not elog, assign a separate error code
for 'could not obtain lock' so that applications will be able to detect
that case cleanly.

if the user has defined LDFLAGS themselves.

semi-related SGML cleanup. Original patch from ljb220@mindspring.com,
additional cleanup by Neil Conway.

now are supposed to take some kind of lock on an index whenever you
are going to access the index contents, rather than relying only on a
lock on the parent table.

to minus zero rather than zero; this includes at least Mac OS X 10.3
and Solaris 2.8.

to perform upgrades, and cleanup some nearby text. Patch from Robert
Treat, editorializing by Neil Conway.

From Alvaro Herrera, editorializing by Neil Conway.