Previously, xpath() simply returned an empty array if the expression did
not yield a node set.  This is useless for expressions that return scalars,
such as one with name() at the top level.  Arrange to return the scalar
value as a single-element xml array, instead.  (String values will be
suitably escaped.)

This change will also cause xpath_exists() to return true, not false,
for such expressions.

Florian Pflug, reviewed by Radoslaw Smogura

Without this it's possible for the output to not be legal XML, as
illustrated by the added regression test cases.

NB: this change will need to be called out as an incompatibility in the
9.2 release notes, since it's possible somebody was relying on the old
behavior, even though it's clearly wrong.

Florian Pflug, reviewed by Radoslaw Smogura

libxml reports some errors (like invalid xmlns attributes) via the error
handler hook, but still returns a success indicator to the library caller.
This causes us to miss some errors that are important to report.  Since the
"generic" error handler hook doesn't know whether the message it's getting
is for an error, warning, or notice, stop using that and instead start
using the "structured" error handler hook, which gets enough information
to be useful.

While at it, arrange to save and restore the error handler hook setting in
each libxml-using function, rather than assuming we can set and forget the
hook.  This should improve the odds of working nicely with third-party
libraries that also use libxml.

In passing, volatile-ize some local variables that get modified within
PG_TRY blocks.  I noticed this while testing with an older gcc version
than I'd previously tried to compile xml.c with.

Florian Pflug and Tom Lane, with extensive review/testing by Noah Misch

functions to the core XML code.  Per discussion, the former depends on
XMLOPTION while the others do not.  These supersede a version previously
offered by contrib/xml2.

Mike Fowler, reviewed by Pavel Stehule

it offers support for namespace mapping.

Mike Fowler, reviewed by David Fetter

by Mike Fowler, reviewed by Peter Eisentraut

Author: Itagaki Takahiro <itagaki.takahiro@oss.ntt.co.jp>

map_sql_value_to_xml_value() instead of directly through the data type output
function.  This is per SQL standard, and consistent with XMLELEMENT().

also backpatched to 8.3

There are still some weak spots around JOIN USING and relation alias lists,
but most errors reported within backend/parser/ now have locations.

most node types used in expression trees (both before and after parse
analysis).  This allows us to place an error cursor in many situations
where we formerly could not, because the information wasn't available
beyond the very first level of parse analysis.  There's a fair amount
of work still to be done to persuade individual ereport() calls to actually
include an error location, but this gets the initdb-forcing part of the
work out of the way; and the situation is already markedly better than
before for complaints about unimplementable implicit casts, such as
CASE and UNION constructs with incompatible alternative data types.
Per my proposal of a few days ago.

those being exactly "xml".  Bug #3735 from Ben Leslie

unreserved according to the grammar.  The list of unreserved words has gotten
extensive enough that the unnecessary quoting is becoming a bit of an eyesore.
To do this, add knowledge of the keyword category to keywords.c's table.
(Someday we might be able to generate keywords.c's table and the keyword lists
in gram.y from a common source.)  For the moment, lie about WITH's status in
the table so it will still get quoted --- this is because of the expectation
that WITH will become reserved when the SQL recursive-queries patch gets done.

I didn't force initdb because this affects nothing on-disk; but note that a
few regression tests have changed expected output.

 - Function renamed to "xpath".
 - Function is now strict, per discussion.
 - Return empty array in case when XPath expression detects nothing
   (previously, NULL was returned in such case), per discussion.
 - (bugfix) Work with fragments with prologue: select xpath('/a',
   '<?xml version="1.0"?><a /><b />'); // now XML datum is always wrapped
   with dummy <x>...</x>, XML prologue simply goes away (if any).
 - Some cleanup.

Nikolay Samokhvalov

Some code cleanup and documentation work by myself.

output to match.

Nikolay Samokhvalov

Nikolay Samokhvalov

platform-specific result ordering.  Per buildfarm results.

observe the xmloption.

Reorganize the representation of the XML option in the parse tree and the
API to make it easier to manage and understand.

Add regression tests for parsing back XML expressions.

- Add new SQL command SET XML OPTION (also available via regular GUC) to
  control the DOCUMENT vs. CONTENT option in implicit parsing and
  serialization operations.

- Subtle corrections in the handling of the standalone property in
  xmlroot().

- Allow xmlroot() to work on content fragments.

- Subtle corrections in the handling of the version property in
  xmlconcat().

- Code refactoring for producing XML declarations.

function xmlagg.

with new GUC parameter "xmlbinary" that controls the output encoding, as
per SQL/XML standard.

coercion to type xml was a mistake.  Escape values so they are valid
XML character data.

- correct error codes
- do syntax checks in correct order
- strip leading spaces of argument

sets the items, and serializes the value back (rather than adding an
arbitrary number of XML preambles as before).

The libxml memory management via palloc had to be disabled because it
crashes when libxml tries to access memory that was helpfully freed
earlier by PostgreSQL.  This needs further thought.