Allow parallel copy/link in pg_upgrade

This patch implements parallel copying/linking of files by tablespace
using the --jobs option in pg_upgrade.

contrib/pg_upgrade/check.c

@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ create_script_for_old_cluster_deletion(char **deletion_script_file_name)
 	fprintf(script, RMDIR_CMD " %s\n", fix_path_separator(old_cluster.pgdata));
 
 	/* delete old cluster's alternate tablespaces */
-	for (tblnum = 0; tblnum < os_info.num_tablespaces; tblnum++)
+	for (tblnum = 0; tblnum < os_info.num_old_tablespaces; tblnum++)
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Do the old cluster's per-database directories share a directory
@@ -621,14 +621,14 @@ create_script_for_old_cluster_deletion(char **deletion_script_file_name)
 			/* remove PG_VERSION? */
 			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) <= 804)
 				fprintf(script, RM_CMD " %s%s%cPG_VERSION\n",
-						fix_path_separator(os_info.tablespaces[tblnum]), 
+						fix_path_separator(os_info.old_tablespaces[tblnum]), 
 						fix_path_separator(old_cluster.tablespace_suffix),
 						PATH_SEPARATOR);
 
 			for (dbnum = 0; dbnum < old_cluster.dbarr.ndbs; dbnum++)
 			{
 				fprintf(script, RMDIR_CMD " %s%s%c%d\n",
-						fix_path_separator(os_info.tablespaces[tblnum]),
+						fix_path_separator(os_info.old_tablespaces[tblnum]),
 						fix_path_separator(old_cluster.tablespace_suffix),
 						PATH_SEPARATOR, old_cluster.dbarr.dbs[dbnum].db_oid);
 			}
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ create_script_for_old_cluster_deletion(char **deletion_script_file_name)
 			 * or a version-specific subdirectory.
 			 */
 			fprintf(script, RMDIR_CMD " %s%s\n",
-					fix_path_separator(os_info.tablespaces[tblnum]), 
+					fix_path_separator(os_info.old_tablespaces[tblnum]), 
 					fix_path_separator(old_cluster.tablespace_suffix));
 	}
 

contrib/pg_upgrade/info.c

@@ -106,20 +106,25 @@ create_rel_filename_map(const char *old_data, const char *new_data,
 		 * relation belongs to the default tablespace, hence relfiles should
 		 * exist in the data directories.
 		 */
-		snprintf(map->old_dir, sizeof(map->old_dir), "%s/base/%u", old_data,
-				 old_db->db_oid);
-		snprintf(map->new_dir, sizeof(map->new_dir), "%s/base/%u", new_data,
-				 new_db->db_oid);
+		strlcpy(map->old_tablespace, old_data, sizeof(map->old_tablespace));
+		strlcpy(map->new_tablespace, new_data, sizeof(map->new_tablespace));
+		strlcpy(map->old_tablespace_suffix, "/base", sizeof(map->old_tablespace_suffix));
+		strlcpy(map->new_tablespace_suffix, "/base", sizeof(map->new_tablespace_suffix));
 	}
 	else
 	{
 		/* relation belongs to a tablespace, so use the tablespace location */
-		snprintf(map->old_dir, sizeof(map->old_dir), "%s%s/%u", old_rel->tablespace,
-				 old_cluster.tablespace_suffix, old_db->db_oid);
-		snprintf(map->new_dir, sizeof(map->new_dir), "%s%s/%u", new_rel->tablespace,
-				 new_cluster.tablespace_suffix, new_db->db_oid);
+		strlcpy(map->old_tablespace, old_rel->tablespace, sizeof(map->old_tablespace));
+		strlcpy(map->new_tablespace, new_rel->tablespace, sizeof(map->new_tablespace));
+		strlcpy(map->old_tablespace_suffix, old_cluster.tablespace_suffix,
+				sizeof(map->old_tablespace_suffix));
+		strlcpy(map->new_tablespace_suffix, new_cluster.tablespace_suffix,
+				sizeof(map->new_tablespace_suffix));
 	}
 
+	map->old_db_oid = old_db->db_oid;
+	map->new_db_oid = new_db->db_oid;
+
 	/*
 	 * old_relfilenode might differ from pg_class.oid (and hence
 	 * new_relfilenode) because of CLUSTER, REINDEX, or VACUUM FULL.

contrib/pg_upgrade/parallel.c

@@ -34,11 +34,24 @@ typedef struct {
 	char log_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char opt_log_file[MAXPGPATH];
 	char cmd[MAX_STRING];
-} thread_arg;
+} exec_thread_arg;
 
-thread_arg **thread_args;
+typedef struct {
+	DbInfoArr *old_db_arr;
+	DbInfoArr *new_db_arr;
+	char old_pgdata[MAXPGPATH];
+	char new_pgdata[MAXPGPATH];
+	char old_tablespace[MAXPGPATH];
+} transfer_thread_arg;
+
+exec_thread_arg **exec_thread_args;
+transfer_thread_arg **transfer_thread_args;
+
+/* track current thread_args struct so reap_child() can be used for all cases */
+void **cur_thread_args;
 
-DWORD win32_exec_prog(thread_arg *args);
+DWORD win32_exec_prog(exec_thread_arg *args);
+DWORD win32_transfer_all_new_dbs(transfer_thread_arg *args);
 
 #endif
 
@@ -58,7 +71,7 @@ parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 	pid_t		child;
 #else
 	HANDLE		child;
-	thread_arg	*new_arg;
+	exec_thread_arg	*new_arg;
 #endif
 
 	va_start(args, fmt);
@@ -71,7 +84,9 @@ parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 	else
 	{
 		/* parallel */
-
+#ifdef WIN32
+		cur_thread_args = (void **)exec_thread_args;
+#endif	
 		/* harvest any dead children */
 		while (reap_child(false) == true)
 			;
@@ -100,7 +115,7 @@ parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 			int i;
 
 			thread_handles = pg_malloc(user_opts.jobs * sizeof(HANDLE));
-			thread_args = pg_malloc(user_opts.jobs * sizeof(thread_arg *));
+			exec_thread_args = pg_malloc(user_opts.jobs * sizeof(exec_thread_arg *));
 
 			/*
 			 *	For safety and performance, we keep the args allocated during
@@ -108,11 +123,11 @@ parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 			 *	in a thread different from the one that allocated it.
 			 */
 			for (i = 0; i < user_opts.jobs; i++)
-				thread_args[i] = pg_malloc(sizeof(thread_arg));
+				exec_thread_args[i] = pg_malloc(sizeof(exec_thread_arg));
 		}
 
 		/* use first empty array element */
-		new_arg = thread_args[parallel_jobs-1];
+		new_arg = exec_thread_args[parallel_jobs-1];
 
 		/* Can only pass one pointer into the function, so use a struct */
 		strcpy(new_arg->log_file, log_file);
@@ -134,7 +149,7 @@ parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 
 #ifdef WIN32
 DWORD
-win32_exec_prog(thread_arg *args)
+win32_exec_prog(exec_thread_arg *args)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -146,6 +161,112 @@ win32_exec_prog(thread_arg *args)
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+ *	parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs
+ *
+ *	This has the same API as transfer_all_new_dbs, except it does parallel execution
+ *	by transfering multiple tablespaces in parallel
+ */
+void parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr, DbInfoArr *new_db_arr,
+								   char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata,
+								   char *old_tablespace)
+{
+#ifndef WIN32
+	pid_t		child;
+#else
+	HANDLE		child;
+	transfer_thread_arg	*new_arg;
+#endif
+
+	if (user_opts.jobs <= 1)
+		/* throw_error must be true to allow jobs */
+		transfer_all_new_dbs(old_db_arr, new_db_arr, old_pgdata, new_pgdata, NULL);
+	else
+	{
+		/* parallel */
+#ifdef WIN32
+		cur_thread_args = (void **)transfer_thread_args;
+#endif
+		/* harvest any dead children */
+		while (reap_child(false) == true)
+			;
+
+		/* must we wait for a dead child? */
+		if (parallel_jobs >= user_opts.jobs)
+			reap_child(true);
+			
+		/* set this before we start the job */
+		parallel_jobs++;
+	
+		/* Ensure stdio state is quiesced before forking */
+		fflush(NULL);
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+		child = fork();
+		if (child == 0)
+		{
+			transfer_all_new_dbs(old_db_arr, new_db_arr, old_pgdata, new_pgdata,
+								 old_tablespace);
+			/* if we take another exit path, it will be non-zero */
+			/* use _exit to skip atexit() functions */
+			_exit(0);
+		}
+		else if (child < 0)
+			/* fork failed */
+			pg_log(PG_FATAL, "could not create worker process: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+#else
+		if (thread_handles == NULL)
+		{
+			int i;
+
+			thread_handles = pg_malloc(user_opts.jobs * sizeof(HANDLE));
+			transfer_thread_args = pg_malloc(user_opts.jobs * sizeof(transfer_thread_arg *));
+
+			/*
+			 *	For safety and performance, we keep the args allocated during
+			 *	the entire life of the process, and we don't free the args
+			 *	in a thread different from the one that allocated it.
+			 */
+			for (i = 0; i < user_opts.jobs; i++)
+				transfer_thread_args[i] = pg_malloc(sizeof(transfer_thread_arg));
+		}
+
+		/* use first empty array element */
+		new_arg = transfer_thread_args[parallel_jobs-1];
+
+		/* Can only pass one pointer into the function, so use a struct */
+		new_arg->old_db_arr = old_db_arr;
+		new_arg->new_db_arr = new_db_arr;
+		strcpy(new_arg->old_pgdata, old_pgdata);
+		strcpy(new_arg->new_pgdata, new_pgdata);
+		strcpy(new_arg->old_tablespace, old_tablespace);
+
+		child = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, (void *) win32_exec_prog,
+						new_arg, 0, NULL);
+		if (child == 0)
+			pg_log(PG_FATAL, "could not create worker thread: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+
+		thread_handles[parallel_jobs-1] = child;
+#endif
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+DWORD
+win32_transfer_all_new_dbs(transfer_thread_arg *args)
+{
+	transfer_all_new_dbs(args->old_db_arr, args->new_db_arr, args->old_pgdata,
+						 args->new_pgdata, args->old_tablespace);
+
+	/* terminates thread */
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
 /*
  *	collect status from a completed worker child
  */
@@ -195,7 +316,7 @@ reap_child(bool wait_for_child)
 	/*	Move last slot into dead child's position */
 	if (thread_num != parallel_jobs - 1)
 	{
-		thread_arg *tmp_args;
+		void *tmp_args;
 	
 		thread_handles[thread_num] = thread_handles[parallel_jobs - 1];
 
@@ -205,9 +326,9 @@ reap_child(bool wait_for_child)
 		 *	reused by the next created thread.  Instead, the new thread
 		 *	will use the arg struct of the thread that just died.
 		 */
-		tmp_args = thread_args[thread_num];
-		thread_args[thread_num] = thread_args[parallel_jobs - 1];
-		thread_args[parallel_jobs - 1] = tmp_args;
+		tmp_args = cur_thread_args[thread_num];
+		cur_thread_args[thread_num] = cur_thread_args[parallel_jobs - 1];
+		cur_thread_args[parallel_jobs - 1] = tmp_args;
 	}
 #endif
 

contrib/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.c

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_LINK)
 		disable_old_cluster();
 
-	transfer_all_new_dbs(&old_cluster.dbarr, &new_cluster.dbarr,
+	transfer_all_new_tablespaces(&old_cluster.dbarr, &new_cluster.dbarr,
 						 old_cluster.pgdata, new_cluster.pgdata);
 
 	/*

contrib/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h

@@ -134,8 +134,12 @@ typedef struct
  */
 typedef struct
 {
-	char		old_dir[MAXPGPATH];
-	char		new_dir[MAXPGPATH];
+	char		old_tablespace[MAXPGPATH];
+	char		new_tablespace[MAXPGPATH];
+	char		old_tablespace_suffix[MAXPGPATH];
+	char		new_tablespace_suffix[MAXPGPATH];
+	Oid			old_db_oid;
+	Oid			new_db_oid;
 
 	/*
 	 * old/new relfilenodes might differ for pg_largeobject(_metadata) indexes
@@ -276,8 +280,8 @@ typedef struct
 	const char *progname;		/* complete pathname for this program */
 	char	   *exec_path;		/* full path to my executable */
 	char	   *user;			/* username for clusters */
-	char	  **tablespaces;	/* tablespaces */
-	int			num_tablespaces;
+	char	  **old_tablespaces;	/* tablespaces */
+	int			num_old_tablespaces;
 	char	  **libraries;		/* loadable libraries */
 	int			num_libraries;
 	ClusterInfo *running_cluster;
@@ -398,9 +402,11 @@ void		get_sock_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool live_check);
 /* relfilenode.c */
 
 void		get_pg_database_relfilenode(ClusterInfo *cluster);
-void		transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *olddb_arr,
-				   DbInfoArr *newdb_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata);
-
+void		transfer_all_new_tablespaces(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
+				   DbInfoArr *new_db_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata);
+void		transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
+				   DbInfoArr *new_db_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata,
+				   char *old_tablespace);
 
 /* tablespace.c */
 
@@ -464,9 +470,11 @@ void old_8_3_invalidate_bpchar_pattern_ops_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
 char	   *old_8_3_create_sequence_script(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
 /* parallel.c */
-void parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
+void		parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
 		  const char *fmt,...)
 __attribute__((format(PG_PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE, 3, 4)));
-
-bool reap_child(bool wait_for_child);
+void		parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr, DbInfoArr *new_db_arr,
+										  char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata,
+										  char *old_tablespace);
+bool		reap_child(bool wait_for_child);
 

contrib/pg_upgrade/relfilenode.c

@@ -16,11 +16,57 @@
 
 
 static void transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
-					   FileNameMap *maps, int size);
+					   FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace);
 static void transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
 							 const char *suffix);
 
 
+/*
+ * transfer_all_new_tablespaces()
+ *
+ * Responsible for upgrading all database. invokes routines to generate mappings and then
+ * physically link the databases.
+ */
+void
+transfer_all_new_tablespaces(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr, DbInfoArr *new_db_arr,
+					char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata)
+{
+	pg_log(PG_REPORT, "%s user relation files\n",
+	  user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_LINK ? "Linking" : "Copying");
+
+	/*
+	 *	Transfering files by tablespace is tricky because a single database
+	 *	can use multiple tablespaces.  For non-parallel mode, we just pass a
+	 *	NULL tablespace path, which matches all tablespaces.  In parallel mode,
+	 *	we pass the default tablespace and all user-created tablespaces
+	 *	and let those operations happen in parallel.
+	 */
+	if (user_opts.jobs <= 1)
+		parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(old_db_arr, new_db_arr, old_pgdata,
+									  new_pgdata, NULL);
+	else
+	{
+		int tblnum;
+
+		/* transfer default tablespace */
+		parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(old_db_arr, new_db_arr, old_pgdata,
+							  new_pgdata, old_pgdata);
+
+		for (tblnum = 0; tblnum < os_info.num_old_tablespaces; tblnum++)
+			parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(old_db_arr, new_db_arr, old_pgdata,
+								  new_pgdata, os_info.old_tablespaces[tblnum]);
+		/* reap all children */
+		while (reap_child(true) == true)
+			;
+	}
+
+	end_progress_output();
+	check_ok();
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
 /*
  * transfer_all_new_dbs()
  *
@@ -28,15 +74,12 @@ static void transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
  * physically link the databases.
  */
 void
-transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
-				   DbInfoArr *new_db_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata)
+transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr, DbInfoArr *new_db_arr,
+					char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata, char *old_tablespace)
 {
 	int			old_dbnum,
 				new_dbnum;
 
-	pg_log(PG_REPORT, "%s user relation files\n",
-	  user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_LINK ? "Linking" : "Copying");
-
 	/* Scan the old cluster databases and transfer their files */
 	for (old_dbnum = new_dbnum = 0;
 		 old_dbnum < old_db_arr->ndbs;
@@ -75,15 +118,13 @@ transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
 #ifdef PAGE_CONVERSION
 			pageConverter = setupPageConverter();
 #endif
-			transfer_single_new_db(pageConverter, mappings, n_maps);
+			transfer_single_new_db(pageConverter, mappings, n_maps,
+								   old_tablespace);
 
 			pg_free(mappings);
 		}
 	}
 
-	end_progress_output();
-	check_ok();
-
 	return;
 }
 
@@ -125,7 +166,7 @@ get_pg_database_relfilenode(ClusterInfo *cluster)
  */
 static void
 transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
-					   FileNameMap *maps, int size)
+					   FileNameMap *maps, int size, char *old_tablespace)
 {
 	int			mapnum;
 	bool		vm_crashsafe_match = true;
@@ -140,18 +181,22 @@ transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
 
 	for (mapnum = 0; mapnum < size; mapnum++)
 	{
-		/* transfer primary file */
-		transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "");
-
-		/* fsm/vm files added in PG 8.4 */
-		if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) >= 804)
+		if (old_tablespace == NULL ||
+			strcmp(maps[mapnum].old_tablespace, old_tablespace) == 0)
 		{
-			/*
-			 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
-			 */
-			transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
-			if (vm_crashsafe_match)
-				transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_vm");
+			/* transfer primary file */
+			transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "");
+	
+			/* fsm/vm files added in PG 8.4 */
+			if (GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) >= 804)
+			{
+				/*
+				 * Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
+				 */
+				transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
+				if (vm_crashsafe_match)
+					transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_vm");
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -187,10 +232,12 @@ transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
 		else
 			snprintf(extent_suffix, sizeof(extent_suffix), ".%d", segno);
 
-		snprintf(old_file, sizeof(old_file), "%s/%u%s%s", map->old_dir,
-				 map->old_relfilenode, type_suffix, extent_suffix);
-		snprintf(new_file, sizeof(new_file), "%s/%u%s%s", map->new_dir,
-				 map->new_relfilenode, type_suffix, extent_suffix);
+		snprintf(old_file, sizeof(old_file), "%s%s/%u/%u%s%s", map->old_tablespace,
+				 map->old_tablespace_suffix, map->old_db_oid, map->old_relfilenode,
+				 type_suffix, extent_suffix);
+		snprintf(new_file, sizeof(new_file), "%s%s/%u/%u%s%s", map->new_tablespace,
+				 map->new_tablespace_suffix, map->new_db_oid, map->new_relfilenode,
+				 type_suffix, extent_suffix);
 	
 		/* Is it an extent, fsm, or vm file? */
 		if (type_suffix[0] != '\0' || segno != 0)
@@ -239,3 +286,4 @@ transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
 
 	return;
 }
+

contrib/pg_upgrade/tablespace.c

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ init_tablespaces(void)
 	set_tablespace_directory_suffix(&old_cluster);
 	set_tablespace_directory_suffix(&new_cluster);
 
-	if (os_info.num_tablespaces > 0 &&
+	if (os_info.num_old_tablespaces > 0 &&
 	strcmp(old_cluster.tablespace_suffix, new_cluster.tablespace_suffix) == 0)
 		pg_log(PG_FATAL,
 			   "Cannot upgrade to/from the same system catalog version when\n"
@@ -57,16 +57,16 @@ get_tablespace_paths(void)
 
 	res = executeQueryOrDie(conn, "%s", query);
 
-	if ((os_info.num_tablespaces = PQntuples(res)) != 0)
-		os_info.tablespaces = (char **) pg_malloc(
-								   os_info.num_tablespaces * sizeof(char *));
+	if ((os_info.num_old_tablespaces = PQntuples(res)) != 0)
+		os_info.old_tablespaces = (char **) pg_malloc(
+								   os_info.num_old_tablespaces * sizeof(char *));
 	else
-		os_info.tablespaces = NULL;
+		os_info.old_tablespaces = NULL;
 
 	i_spclocation = PQfnumber(res, "spclocation");
 
-	for (tblnum = 0; tblnum < os_info.num_tablespaces; tblnum++)
-		os_info.tablespaces[tblnum] = pg_strdup(
+	for (tblnum = 0; tblnum < os_info.num_old_tablespaces; tblnum++)
+		os_info.old_tablespaces[tblnum] = pg_strdup(
 									 PQgetvalue(res, tblnum, i_spclocation));
 
 	PQclear(res);

doc/src/sgml/pgupgrade.sgml

@@ -342,10 +342,11 @@ NET STOP pgsql-8.3  (<productname>PostgreSQL</> 8.3 and older used a different s
 
     <para>
      The <option>--jobs</> option allows multiple CPU cores to be used
-     to dump and reload database schemas in parallel;  a good place to
-     start is the number of CPU cores on the server.  This option can
-     dramatically reduce the time to upgrade a multi-database server
-     running on a multiprocessor machine.
+     for copying/linking of files and to dump and reload database schemas
+     in parallel;  a good place to start is the maximum of the number of
+     CPU cores and tablespaces.  This option can dramatically reduce the
+     time to upgrade a multi-database server running on a multiprocessor
+     machine.
     </para>
 
     <para>