It now only checks four things:

Major version number (7.4 or 8.1 for example)
NAMEDATALEN
FUNC_MAX_ARGS
INDEX_MAX_KEYS

The three constants were chosen because:

1. We document them in the config page in the docs
2. We mark them as changable in pg_config_manual.h
3. Changing any of these will break some of the more popular modules:

FUNC_MAX_ARGS changes fmgr interface, every module uses this NAMEDATALEN
changes syscache interface, every PL as well as tsearch uses this
INDEX_MAX_KEYS breaks tsearch and anything using GiST.

Martijn van Oosterhout