pg_dump.c

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * pg_dump.c
 *	  pg_dump is an utility for dumping out a postgres database
 * into a script file.
 *
 *	pg_dump will read the system catalogs in a database and
 *	dump out a script that reproduces
 *	the schema of the database in terms of
 *		  user-defined types
 *		  user-defined functions
 *		  tables
 *		  indices
 *		  aggregates
 *		  operators
 *		  ACL - grant/revoke
 *
 * the output script is SQL that is understood by PostgreSQL
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2000, PostgreSQL, Inc
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c,v 1.187 2001/01/12 15:41:29 pjw Exp $
 *
 * Modifications - 6/10/96 - dave@bensoft.com - version 1.13.dhb
 *
 *	 Applied 'insert string' patch from "Marc G. Fournier" <scrappy@ki.net>
 *	 Added '-t table' option
 *	 Added '-a' option
 *	 Added '-da' option
 *
 * Modifications - 6/12/96 - dave@bensoft.com - version 1.13.dhb.2
 *
 *	 - Fixed dumpTable output to output lengths for char and varchar types!
 *	 - Added single. quote to twin single quote expansion for 'insert' string
 *	   mode.
 *
 * Modifications - 7/26/96 - asussman@vidya.com
 *
 *	 - Fixed ouput lengths for char and varchar type where the length is variable (-1)
 *
 * Modifications - 6/1/97 - igor@sba.miami.edu
 * - Added functions to free allocated memory used for retrieving
 *	 indices,tables,inheritance,types,functions and aggregates.
 *	 No more leaks reported by Purify.
 *
 *
 * Modifications - 1/26/98 - pjlobo@euitt.upm.es
 *		 - Added support for password authentication
 *
 * Modifications - 28-Jun-2000 - Philip Warner pjw@rhyme.com.au
 *		 - Used custom IO routines to allow for more
 *		   output formats and simple rearrangement of order.
 *		 - Discouraged operations more appropriate to the 'restore'
 *		   operation. (eg. -c "clear schema" - now always dumps
 *		   commands, but pg_restore can be told not to output them). 
 *		 - Added RI warnings to the 'as insert strings' output mode
 *		 - Added a small number of comments
 *		 - Added a -Z option for compression level on compressed formats
 *		 - Restored '-f' in usage output
 *
 *
 * Modifications - 17-Jul-2000 - Philip Warner pjw@rhyme.com.au
 *		 - Support for BLOB output.
 *		 - Sort archive by OID, put some items at end (out of OID order)
 *
 * Modifications - 28-Jul-2000 - pjw@rhyme.com.au (1.45)
 *
 * 		Added --create, --no-owner, --superuser, --no-reconnect (pg_dump & pg_restore)
 *		Added code to dump 'Create Schema' statement (pg_dump)
 *		Don't bother to disable/enable triggers if we don't have a superuser (pg_restore)
 *		Cleaned up code for reconnecting to database.
 *		Force a reconnect as superuser before enabling/disabling triggers.
 *
 * Modifications - 31-Jul-2000 - pjw@rhyme.com.au (1.46, 1.47)
 *		Added & Removed --throttle (pg_dump)
 *		Fixed minor bug in language dumping code: expbuffres were not being reset.
 *		Fixed version number initialization in _allocAH (pg_backup_archiver.c)
 *
 * Modifications - 14-Sep-2000 - pjw@rhyme.com.au 
 *		Use symbols for tests on relkind (ie. use RELKIND_VIEW, not 'v')
 * 		Support for relkind = RELKIND_VIEW.
 * 		Fix bug in support for -b option (== --blobs).
 *		Dump views as views (using 'create view').
 *		Remove 'isViewRule' since we check the relkind when getting tables.
 *		Now uses temp table 'pgdump_oid' rather than 'pg_dump_oid' (errors otherwise).
 *
 * Modifications - 02-Oct-2000 - pjw@rhyme.com.au
 *
 *	  - Be more paranoid when getting views: call get_viewdef in separate statement
 *		so we can be more informative in error messages.
 *	  - Support for 'isstrict' procedure attribute. 
 *	  - Disable --blobs and --table since (a) it's a pain to get ONLY the blobs for the 
 *		table with the currently implementation, and (b) it's not clear how to restore
 *		a partial BLOB backup (given the current OID-based BLOB implementation).
 *
 * Modifications - 04-Jan-2000 - pjw@rhyme.com.au
 *
 *	  - Check ntuples == 1 for various SELECT statements.
 *	  - Fix handling of --tables=* (multiple tables never worked properly, AFAICT)
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include <unistd.h>				/* for getopt() */
#include <ctype.h>

#include "pg_backup.h"

#include "postgres.h"

#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
#include <getopt.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TERMIOS_H
#include <termios.h>
#endif

#include "access/attnum.h"
#include "access/htup.h"
#include "catalog/pg_index.h"
#include "catalog/pg_language.h"
#include "catalog/pg_trigger.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"

#include "libpq-fe.h"
#include <libpq/libpq-fs.h>
#ifndef HAVE_STRDUP
#include "strdup.h"
#endif

#include "pg_dump.h"
#include "pg_backup.h"

#define atooid(x)  ((Oid) strtoul((x), NULL, 10))

static void dumpComment(Archive *outfile, const char *target, const char *oid);
static void dumpSequence(Archive *fout, TableInfo tbinfo);
static void dumpACL(Archive *fout, TableInfo tbinfo);
static void dumpTriggers(Archive *fout, const char *tablename,
			 TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables);
static void dumpRules(Archive *fout, const char *tablename,
		  TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables);
static void formatStringLiteral(PQExpBuffer buf, const char *str);
static void clearTableInfo(TableInfo *, int);
static void dumpOneFunc(Archive *fout, FuncInfo *finfo, int i,
			TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes);
static Oid	findLastBuiltinOid(const char*);
static void setMaxOid(Archive *fout);

static void AddAcl(char *aclbuf, const char *keyword);
static char *GetPrivileges(const char *s);

static int dumpBlobs(Archive *AH, char*, void*);
static int dumpDatabase(Archive *AH);
static PQExpBuffer getPKconstraint(TableInfo *tblInfo, IndInfo *indInfo);

extern char *optarg;
extern int	optind,
			opterr;

/* global decls */
bool		g_verbose;			/* User wants verbose narration of our
								 * activities. */
Oid			g_last_builtin_oid; /* value of the last builtin oid */
Archive	   *g_fout;				/* the script file */
PGconn	   *g_conn;				/* the database connection */

bool		force_quotes;		/* User wants to suppress double-quotes */
bool		dumpData;			/* dump data using proper insert strings */
bool		attrNames;			/* put attr names into insert strings */
bool		schemaOnly;
bool		dataOnly;
bool		aclsSkip;

char		g_opaque_type[10];	/* name for the opaque type */

/* placeholders for the delimiters for comments */
char		g_comment_start[10];
char		g_comment_end[10];


typedef struct _dumpContext {
	TableInfo	*tblinfo;
	int		tblidx;
	bool		oids;
} DumpContext;

static void
help(const char *progname)
{
	printf("%s dumps a database as a text file.\n\n", progname);
	puts("Usage:");
	printf("  %s [options] dbname\n\n", progname);
	puts("Options:");

#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
	puts(
		"  -a, --data-only          dump out only the data, not the schema\n"
		"  -b, --blobs              dump out blob data\n"
	   	"  -c, --clean              clean (drop) schema prior to create\n"
		"  -C, --create             output commands to create database\n"
		"  -d, --inserts            dump data as INSERT, rather than COPY, commands\n"
		"  -D, --attribute-inserts  dump data as INSERT commands with attribute names\n"
		"  -f, --file=FILENAME      specify output file name\n"
		"  -F, --format {c|f|p}     output file format (custom, files, plain text)\n"
		"  -h, --host=HOSTNAME      server host name\n"
		"  -i, --ignore-version     proceed when database version != pg_dump version\n"
		"  -n, --no-quotes          suppress most quotes around identifiers\n"
		"  -N, --quotes             enable most quotes around identifiers\n"
		"  -o, --oids               dump object ids (oids)\n"
		"  -O, --no-owner           do not output \\connect commands in plain text\n"
		"                           format\n"
		"  -p, --port=PORT          server port number\n"
		"  -R, --no-reconnect       disable ALL reconnections to the database in\n"
		"                           plain text format\n"
		"  -s, --schema-only        dump out only the schema, no data\n"
		"  -S, --superuser=NAME     specify the superuser user name to use in plain\n"
		"                           text format\n"
		"  -t, --table=TABLE        dump for this table only (* for all)\n"
		"  -u, --password           use password authentication\n"
		"  -v, --verbose            verbose\n"
		"  -x, --no-acl             do not dump ACL's (grant/revoke)\n"
		"  -Z, --compress {0-9}     compression level for compressed formats\n"
		);
#else
	puts(
		"  -a                       dump out only the data, no schema\n"
		"  -b                       dump out blob data\n"
		"  -c                       clean (drop) schema prior to create\n"
		"  -C                       output commands to create database\n"
		"  -d                       dump data as INSERT, rather than COPY, commands\n"
		"  -D                       dump data as INSERT commands with attribute names\n"
		"  -f FILENAME              specify output file name\n"
		"  -F {c|f|p}               output file format (custom, files, plain text)\n"
		"  -h HOSTNAME              server host name\n"
		"  -i                       proceed when database version != pg_dump version\n"
		"  -n                       suppress most quotes around identifiers\n"
		"  -N                       enable most quotes around identifiers\n"
		"  -o                       dump object ids (oids)\n"
		"  -O                       do not output \\connect commands in plain text\n"
		"                           format\n"
		"  -p PORT                  server port number\n"
		"  -R                       disable ALL reconnections to the database in\n"
		"                           plain text format\n"
		"  -s                       dump out only the schema, no data\n"
		"  -S NAME                  specify the superuser user name to use in plain\n"
		"                           text format\n"
		"  -t TABLE                 dump for this table only (* for all)\n"
		"  -u                       use password authentication\n"
		"  -v                       verbose\n"
		"  -x                       do not dump ACL's (grant/revoke)\n"
		"  -Z {0-9}                 compression level for compressed formats\n"
		);
#endif
	puts("If no database name is not supplied, then the PGDATABASE environment\nvariable value is used.\n");
	puts("Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>.");
}


static void
version(void)
{
	puts("pg_dump (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION);
	puts("Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2000, PostgreSQL, Inc");
	puts("Portions Copyright (c) 1996 Regents of the University of California");
	puts("Read the file COPYRIGHT to see the usage and distribution terms.");
}


static void
exit_nicely(PGconn *conn)
{
	PQfinish(conn);
	exit(1);
}


#define COPYBUFSIZ		8192

/*
 *	Dump a table's contents for loading using the COPY command
 *	- this routine is called by the Archiver when it wants the table
 *	  to be dumped.
 */

static int 
dumpClasses_nodumpData(Archive *fout, char* oid, void *dctxv)
{
	const DumpContext	*dctx = (DumpContext*)dctxv; 	
	const char 	*classname = dctx->tblinfo[dctx->tblidx].relname;
	const bool	oids = dctx->oids;

	PGresult   *res;
	char		query[255];
	int			ret;
	bool		copydone;
	char		copybuf[COPYBUFSIZ];

    if (g_verbose)
        fprintf(stderr, "%s dumping out the contents of table %s\n", g_comment_start, classname);

	if (oids == true)
	{
		/* 
		 * archprintf(fout, "COPY %s WITH OIDS FROM stdin;\n",
		 *		fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
		 *
		 *  - Not used as of V1.3 (needs to be in ArchiveEntry call)
		 *
		 */

		sprintf(query, "COPY %s WITH OIDS TO stdout;\n",
				fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
	}
	else
	{
		/* 
		 *archprintf(fout, "COPY %s FROM stdin;\n", fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
		 *
		 * - Not used as of V1.3 (needs to be in ArchiveEntry call)
		 *
		 */

		sprintf(query, "COPY %s TO stdout;\n", fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
	}
	res = PQexec(g_conn, query);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) == PGRES_FATAL_ERROR)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "SQL query to dump the contents of Table '%s' "
				"did not execute.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n"
				"The query was: '%s'.\n",
				classname, PQerrorMessage(g_conn), query);
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	else
	{
		if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COPY_OUT)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "SQL query to dump the contents of Table '%s' "
					"executed abnormally.\n"
					"PQexec() returned status %d when %d was expected.\n"
					"The query was: '%s'.\n",
				  classname, PQresultStatus(res), PGRES_COPY_OUT, query);
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}
		else
		{
			copydone = false;

			while (!copydone)
			{
				ret = PQgetline(g_conn, copybuf, COPYBUFSIZ);

				if (copybuf[0] == '\\' &&
					copybuf[1] == '.' &&
					copybuf[2] == '\0')
				{
					copydone = true;	/* don't print this... */
				}
				else
				{
					archputs(copybuf, fout);
					switch (ret)
					{
						case EOF:
							copydone = true;
							/* FALLTHROUGH */
						case 0:
							archputc('\n', fout);
							break;
						case 1:
							break;
					}
				}

				/* 
				 * THROTTLE:
				 *
				 * There was considerable discussion in late July, 2000 regarding slowing down
				 * pg_dump when backing up large tables. Users with both slow & fast (muti-processor)
				 * machines experienced performance degradation when doing a backup.
				 *
				 * Initial attempts based on sleeping for a number of ms for each ms of work were deemed
				 * too complex, then a simple 'sleep in each loop' implementation was suggested. The latter
				 * failed because the loop was too tight. Finally, the following was implemented:
				 *
				 * If throttle is non-zero, then
				 * 		See how long since the last sleep.
				 *		Work out how long to sleep (based on ratio).
				 * 		If sleep is more than 100ms, then 
			     *			sleep 
				 *			reset timer
				 *		EndIf
				 * EndIf
				 *
				 * where the throttle value was the number of ms to sleep per ms of work. The calculation was 
				 * done in each loop.
				 *
				 * Most of the hard work is done in the backend, and this solution still did not work 
				 * particularly well: on slow machines, the ratio was 50:1, and on medium paced machines, 1:1,
				 * and on fast multi-processor machines, it had little or no effect, for reasons that were unclear.
				 *
				 * Further discussion ensued, and the proposal was dropped.
				 *
				 * For those people who want this feature, it can be implemented using gettimeofday in each
				 * loop, calculating the time since last sleep, multiplying that by the sleep ratio, then
				 * if the result is more than a preset 'minimum sleep time' (say 100ms), call the 'select'
				 * function to sleep for a subsecond period ie.
				 *
				 *        select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tvi);
				 *
				 * This will return after the interval specified in the structure tvi. Fianally, call
				 * gettimeofday again to save the 'last sleep time'.
				 */	
			}
			archprintf(fout, "\\.\n");
		}
		ret = PQendcopy(g_conn);
		if (ret != 0)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "SQL query to dump the contents of Table '%s' "
					"did not execute correctly.  After we read all the "
				 "table contents from the backend, PQendcopy() failed.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n"
					"The query was: '%s'.\n",
					classname, PQerrorMessage(g_conn), query);
			PQclear(res);
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}
	}

	return 1;
}

static int
dumpClasses_dumpData(Archive *fout, char* oid, void *dctxv)
{
	const DumpContext	*dctx = (DumpContext*)dctxv;
	const char			*classname = dctx->tblinfo[dctx->tblidx].relname;

	PGresult   *res;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	int			tuple;
	int			field;

	appendPQExpBuffer(q, "SELECT * FROM %s", fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
	res = PQexec(g_conn, q->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpClasses(): command failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
					PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	for (tuple = 0; tuple < PQntuples(res); tuple++)
	{
		archprintf(fout, "INSERT INTO %s ", fmtId(classname, force_quotes));
		if (attrNames == true)
		{
			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "(");
			for (field = 0; field < PQnfields(res); field++)
			{
				if (field > 0)
					appendPQExpBuffer(q, ",");
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, fmtId(PQfname(res, field), force_quotes));
			}
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, ") ");
			archprintf(fout, "%s", q->data);
		}
		archprintf(fout, "VALUES (");
		for (field = 0; field < PQnfields(res); field++)
		{
			if (field > 0)
				archprintf(fout, ",");
			if (PQgetisnull(res, tuple, field))
			{
				archprintf(fout, "NULL");
				continue;
			}
			switch (PQftype(res, field))
			{
				case INT2OID:
				case INT4OID:
				case OIDOID:	/* int types */
				case FLOAT4OID:
				case FLOAT8OID:/* float types */
					/* These types are printed without quotes */
					archprintf(fout, "%s",
							PQgetvalue(res, tuple, field));
					break;
				case ZPBITOID:
				case VARBITOID:
					archprintf(fout, "B'%s'",
							   PQgetvalue(res, tuple, field));
					break;
				default:

					/*
					 * All other types are printed as string literals,
					 * with appropriate escaping of special characters.
					 */
					resetPQExpBuffer(q);
					formatStringLiteral(q, PQgetvalue(res, tuple, field));
					archprintf(fout, "%s", q->data);
					break;
			}
		}
		archprintf(fout, ");\n");
	}
	PQclear(res);
	return 1;
}

/*
 * Convert a string value to an SQL string literal,
 * with appropriate escaping of special characters.
 * Quote mark ' goes to '' per SQL standard, other
 * stuff goes to \ sequences.
 * The literal is appended to the given PQExpBuffer.
 */
static void
formatStringLiteral(PQExpBuffer buf, const char *str)
{
	appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, '\'');
	while (*str)
	{
		char	ch = *str++;

		if (ch == '\\' || ch == '\'')
		{
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, ch);	/* double these */
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, ch);
		}
		else if ((unsigned char) ch < (unsigned char) ' ' &&
				 ch != '\n' && ch != '\t')
		{
			/* generate octal escape for control chars other than whitespace */
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, '\\');
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, ((ch >> 6) & 3) + '0');
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, ((ch >> 3) & 7) + '0');
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, (ch & 7) + '0');
		}
		else
			appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, ch);
	}
	appendPQExpBufferChar(buf, '\'');
}

/*
 * DumpClasses -
 *	  dump the contents of all the classes.
 */
static void
dumpClasses(const TableInfo *tblinfo, const int numTables, Archive *fout,
			const char *onlytable, const bool oids, const bool force_quotes)
{

	int				i;
	char	   		*all_only;
	DataDumperPtr	dumpFn;
	DumpContext		*dumpCtx;
	char			*oidsPart;
	char			copyBuf[512];
	char			*copyStmt;

	if (onlytable == NULL || (strlen(onlytable) == 0) )
		all_only = "all";
	else
		all_only = "only";

	if (oids == true)
		oidsPart = "WITH OIDS ";
	else
		oidsPart = "";


	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s preparing to dump out the contents of %s %d table%s/sequence%s %s\n",
				g_comment_start, all_only,
				(onlytable == NULL || (strlen(onlytable) == 0)) ? numTables : 1,
				(onlytable == NULL || (strlen(onlytable) == 0)) ? "s" : "", 
				(onlytable == NULL || (strlen(onlytable) == 0)) ? "s" : "",
				g_comment_end);

	/* Dump SEQUENCEs first (if dataOnly) */
	if (dataOnly)
	{
		for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
		{
			if (!(tblinfo[i].sequence))
				continue;
			if (!onlytable || (strcmp(tblinfo[i].relname, onlytable) == 0) || (strlen(onlytable) == 0) )
			{
				if (g_verbose)
					fprintf(stderr, "%s dumping out schema of sequence '%s' %s\n",
					 g_comment_start, tblinfo[i].relname, g_comment_end);
				/* becomeUser(fout, tblinfo[i].usename); */
				dumpSequence(fout, tblinfo[i]);
			}
		}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
	{
		const char *classname = tblinfo[i].relname;

		/* Skip VIEW relations */
		if (tblinfo[i].viewdef != NULL)
			continue;

		if (tblinfo[i].sequence)/* already dumped */
			continue;

		if (!onlytable || (strcmp(classname, onlytable) == 0) || (strlen(onlytable) == 0))
		{
			if (g_verbose)
				fprintf(stderr, "%s preparing to dump out the contents of Table '%s' %s\n",
						g_comment_start, classname, g_comment_end);

			/* becomeUser(fout, tblinfo[i].usename); */

			dumpCtx = (DumpContext*)malloc(sizeof(DumpContext));
			dumpCtx->tblinfo = (TableInfo*)tblinfo;
			dumpCtx->tblidx = i;
			dumpCtx->oids = oids;

			if (!dumpData) /* Dump/restore using COPY */
			{
				dumpFn = dumpClasses_nodumpData;
				/* dumpClasses_nodumpData(fout, classname, oids); */
				sprintf(copyBuf, "COPY %s %s FROM stdin;\n", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes),
						oidsPart);
				copyStmt = copyBuf;
			}
			else /* Restore using INSERT */
			{
				dumpFn = dumpClasses_dumpData;
				/* dumpClasses_dumpData(fout, classname); */
				copyStmt = NULL;
			}

			ArchiveEntry(fout, tblinfo[i].oid, fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, false),
							"TABLE DATA", NULL, "", "", copyStmt, tblinfo[i].usename,
							dumpFn, dumpCtx);
		}
	}
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int			c;
	const char *progname;
	const char *filename = NULL;
	const char *format = "p";
	const char *dbname = NULL;
	const char *pghost = NULL;
	const char *pgport = NULL;
	char	   *tablename = NULL;
	bool		oids = false;
	TableInfo  *tblinfo;
	int			numTables;
	bool		use_password = false;
	int			compressLevel = -1;
	bool		ignore_version = false;
	int			plainText = 0;
	int			outputClean = 0;
	int			outputCreate = 0;
	int			outputBlobs = 0;
	int			outputNoOwner = 0;
	int			outputNoReconnect = 0;
	char		*outputSuperuser = NULL;

	RestoreOptions	*ropt;

#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
	static struct option long_options[] = {
		{"data-only", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
		{"blobs", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
		{"clean", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
		{"create", no_argument, NULL, 'C'},
		{"file", required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
		{"format", required_argument, NULL, 'F'},
		{"inserts", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
		{"attribute-inserts", no_argument, NULL, 'D'},
		{"host", required_argument, NULL, 'h'},
		{"ignore-version", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
		{"no-reconnect", no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
		{"no-quotes", no_argument, NULL, 'n'},
		{"quotes", no_argument, NULL, 'N'},
		{"oids", no_argument, NULL, 'o'},
		{"no-owner", no_argument, NULL, 'O'},
		{"port", required_argument, NULL, 'p'},
		{"schema-only", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
		{"superuser", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
		{"table", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
		{"password", no_argument, NULL, 'u'},
		{"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
		{"no-acl", no_argument, NULL, 'x'},
		{"compress", required_argument, NULL, 'Z'},
		{"help", no_argument, NULL, '?'},
		{"version", no_argument, NULL, 'V'}
	};
	int			optindex;

#endif

	g_verbose = false;
	force_quotes = true;

	strcpy(g_comment_start, "-- ");
	g_comment_end[0] = '\0';
	strcpy(g_opaque_type, "opaque");

	dataOnly = schemaOnly = dumpData = attrNames = false;

	if (!strrchr(argv[0], SEP_CHAR))
		progname = argv[0];
	else
		progname = strrchr(argv[0], SEP_CHAR) + 1;

	/* Set defaulty options based on progname */
	if (strcmp(progname, "pg_backup") == 0)
	{
		format = "c";
		outputBlobs = true;
	}

	if (argc > 1)
	{
		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help")==0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?")==0)
		{
			help(progname);
			exit(0);
		}
		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version")==0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V")==0)
		{
			version();
			exit(0);
		}
	}

#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "abcCdDf:F:h:inNoOp:RsS:t:uvxzZ:V?", long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
#else
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "abcCdDf:F:h:inNoOp:RsS:t:uvxzZ:V?-")) != -1)
#endif

	{
		switch (c)
		{
			case 'a':			/* Dump data only */
				dataOnly = true;
				break;

			case 'b':			/* Dump blobs */
				outputBlobs = true;
				break;

			case 'c':			/* clean (i.e., drop) schema prior to
 								 * create */
				outputClean = 1;
 				break;
 
			case 'C':			/* Create DB */

				outputCreate = 1;
				break;

			case 'd':			/* dump data as proper insert strings */
				dumpData = true;
				break;

			case 'D':			/* dump data as proper insert strings with
								 * attr names */
				dumpData = true;
				attrNames = true;
				break;

			case 'f':
				filename = optarg;
				break;

			case 'F':
				format = optarg;
				break;

			case 'h':			/* server host */
				pghost = optarg;
				break;

			case 'i':			/* ignore database version mismatch */
				ignore_version = true;
				break;

			case 'n':			/* Do not force double-quotes on
								 * identifiers */
				force_quotes = false;
				break;

			case 'N':			/* Force double-quotes on identifiers */
				force_quotes = true;
				break;

			case 'o':			/* Dump oids */
				oids = true;
				break;


			case 'O':			/* Don't reconnect to match owner */
				outputNoOwner = 1;
				break;

			case 'p':			/* server port */
				pgport = optarg;
				break;

			case 'R':			/* No reconnect */
				outputNoReconnect = 1;
				break;

			case 's':			/* dump schema only */
				schemaOnly = true;
				break;

			case 'S':			/* Username for superuser in plain text output */
				outputSuperuser = strdup(optarg);
				break;

			case 't':			/* Dump data for this table only */
				{
					int			i;

					tablename = strdup(optarg);

					/*
					 * quoted string? Then strip quotes and preserve
					 * case...
					 */
					if (tablename[0] == '"')
					{
						strcpy(tablename, &tablename[1]);
						if (*(tablename + strlen(tablename) - 1) == '"')
							*(tablename + strlen(tablename) - 1) = '\0';
					}
					/* otherwise, convert table name to lowercase... */
					else
					{
						for (i = 0; tablename[i]; i++)
							if (isupper((unsigned char) tablename[i]))
								tablename[i] = tolower((unsigned char) tablename[i]);

						/* '*' is a special case meaning ALL tables, but only if unquoted */
						if (strcmp(tablename,"*") == 0)
							tablename[0] = '\0';

					}
				}
				break;

			case 'u':
				use_password = true;
				break;

			case 'v':			/* verbose */
				g_verbose = true;
				break;

			case 'x':			/* skip ACL dump */
				aclsSkip = true;
				break;

			case 'Z':			/* Compression Level */
				compressLevel = atoi(optarg);
				break;

			case 'V':
				version();
				exit(0);
				break;

#ifndef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
			case '-':
				fprintf(stderr, "%s was compiled without support for long options.\n"
				   "Use --help for help on invocation options.\n", progname);
				exit(1);
				break;
#endif
			default:
				fprintf(stderr, "Try '%s --help' for more information.\n", progname);
				exit(1);
		}
	}

	if (optind < (argc - 1)) {
		fprintf(stderr,
				"%s: extra parameters found on command line after '%s' (first is '%s').\n"
			    "Please respecify command.\nUse --help for help on invocation options.\n",
				progname, argv[optind], argv[optind+1]);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (dataOnly && schemaOnly)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,
				"%s: 'Schema Only' and 'Data Only' are incompatible options.\n",
				progname);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (outputBlobs && tablename != NULL && strlen(tablename) > 0 )
	{
		fprintf(stderr,
				"%s: BLOB output is not supported for a single table. Use all tables or a full dump instead.\n",
				progname);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (dumpData == true && oids == true)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,
				"%s: INSERT's can not set oids, so INSERT and OID options can not be used together.\n",
				progname);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (outputBlobs == true && (format[0] == 'p' || format[0] == 'P') )
	{
		fprintf(stderr,
			"%s: BLOB output is not supported for plain text dump files. Use a different output format.\n",
			progname);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* open the output file */
	switch (format[0]) {

		case 'c':
		case 'C':
			g_fout = CreateArchive(filename, archCustom, compressLevel);
			break;

		case 'f':
		case 'F':
			g_fout = CreateArchive(filename, archFiles, compressLevel);
			break;

		case 'p':
		case 'P':
			plainText = 1;
			g_fout = CreateArchive(filename, archNull, 0);
			break;

		case 't':
		case 'T':
			g_fout = CreateArchive(filename, archTar, compressLevel);
			break;

		default:
			fprintf(stderr,
				"%s: invalid output format '%s' specified\n", progname, format);
		    exit(1);	
	}

	if (g_fout == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,
			 "%s: could not open output file named %s for writing\n",
				progname, filename);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Let the archiver know how noisy to be */
	g_fout->verbose = g_verbose;

	dbname = argv[optind];

	/* Open the database using the Archiver, so it knows about it. Errors mean death */
	g_conn = ConnectDatabase(g_fout, dbname, pghost, pgport, use_password, ignore_version);

	/*
	 * Start serializable transaction to dump consistent data
	 */
	{
		PGresult   *res;

		res = PQexec(g_conn, "begin");
		if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
		    exit_horribly(g_fout, "BEGIN command failed. Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n",
				PQerrorMessage(g_conn));

		PQclear(res);
		res = PQexec(g_conn, "set transaction isolation level serializable");
		if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
		    exit_horribly(g_fout, "SET TRANSACTION command failed. Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n",
				PQerrorMessage(g_conn));

		PQclear(res);
	}

	g_last_builtin_oid = findLastBuiltinOid(dbname);

	/* Dump the database definition */
	if (!dataOnly)
		dumpDatabase(g_fout);

	if (oids == true)
		setMaxOid(g_fout);

	if (g_verbose)
			fprintf(stderr, "%s last builtin oid is %u %s\n",
					g_comment_start, g_last_builtin_oid, g_comment_end);
	tblinfo = dumpSchema(g_fout, &numTables, tablename, aclsSkip, oids, schemaOnly, dataOnly);

	if (!schemaOnly)
	{
	    dumpClasses(tblinfo, numTables, g_fout, tablename, oids, force_quotes);
	}

	if (outputBlobs)
		ArchiveEntry(g_fout, "0", "BLOBS", "BLOBS", NULL, "", "", "", "", dumpBlobs, 0); 

	if (!dataOnly)				/* dump indexes and triggers at the end
								 * for performance */
	{
		dumpTriggers(g_fout, tablename, tblinfo, numTables);
		dumpRules(g_fout, tablename, tblinfo, numTables);
	}

	/* Now sort the output nicely */
	SortTocByOID(g_fout);
	MoveToStart(g_fout, "DATABASE");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "TABLE DATA");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "BLOBS");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "INDEX");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "CONSTRAINT");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "TRIGGER");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "RULE");
	MoveToEnd(g_fout, "SEQUENCE SET");

	if (plainText) 
	{
		ropt = NewRestoreOptions();
		ropt->filename = (char*)filename;
		ropt->dropSchema = outputClean;
		ropt->aclsSkip = aclsSkip;
		ropt->superuser = outputSuperuser;
		ropt->create = outputCreate;
		ropt->noOwner = outputNoOwner;
		ropt->noReconnect = outputNoReconnect;

		if (outputSuperuser)
			ropt->superuser = outputSuperuser;
		else
			ropt->superuser = PQuser(g_conn);

		if (compressLevel == -1)
		    ropt->compression = 0;
		else
		    ropt->compression = compressLevel;

		RestoreArchive(g_fout, ropt);
	}

	CloseArchive(g_fout);

	clearTableInfo(tblinfo, numTables);
	PQfinish(g_conn);
	exit(0);
}

/*
 * dumpDatabase:
 *	dump the database definition
 *
 */
static int 
dumpDatabase(Archive *AH)
{
	PQExpBuffer		dbQry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer		delQry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer		creaQry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PGresult		*res;
	int				ntups;
	int				i_dba;

	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s saving database definition\n", g_comment_start);

	/* Get the dba */
	appendPQExpBuffer(dbQry, "select (select usename from pg_user where datdba = usesysid) as dba from pg_database"
							" where datname = ");
	formatStringLiteral(dbQry, PQdb(g_conn));

	res = PQexec(g_conn, dbQry->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getDatabase(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
						PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	if (ntups != 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getDatabase(): SELECT returned %d databases.\n", ntups);
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	appendPQExpBuffer(creaQry, "Create Database \"%s\";\n", PQdb(g_conn));
	appendPQExpBuffer(delQry, "Drop Database \"%s\";\n", PQdb(g_conn));
	i_dba = PQfnumber(res, "dba");

	ArchiveEntry(AH, "0" /* OID */, PQdb(g_conn) /* Name */, "DATABASE", NULL, 
						creaQry->data /* Create */, delQry->data /*Del*/,
						"" /* Copy */, PQgetvalue(res, 0, i_dba) /*Owner*/, 
						NULL /* Dumper */, NULL /* Dumper Arg */);	

	PQclear(res);

	return 1;
}


/*
 * dumpBlobs:
 *	dump all blobs
 *
 */

#define loBufSize 16384 
#define loFetchSize 1000

static int 
dumpBlobs(Archive *AH, char* junkOid, void *junkVal)
{
	PQExpBuffer		oidQry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer		oidFetchQry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PGresult		*res;
	int				i;
	int				loFd;
	char			buf[loBufSize];
	int				cnt;
	int				blobOid;

	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s saving BLOBs\n", g_comment_start);

	/* Cursor to get all BLOB tables */
    appendPQExpBuffer(oidQry, "Declare blobOid Cursor for SELECT DISTINCT loid FROM pg_largeobject");

	res = PQexec(g_conn, oidQry->data);
	if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpBlobs(): Declare Cursor failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
										PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	/* Fetch for cursor */
	appendPQExpBuffer(oidFetchQry, "Fetch %d in blobOid", loFetchSize);

	do {
		/* Do a fetch */
		PQclear(res);
		res = PQexec(g_conn, oidFetchQry->data);

		if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
		{
		    fprintf(stderr, "dumpBlobs(): Fetch Cursor failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		    exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		/* Process the tuples, if any */
		for (i = 0; i < PQntuples(res); i++)
		{
			blobOid = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, i, 0));
			/* Open the BLOB */
			loFd = lo_open(g_conn, blobOid, INV_READ);
			if (loFd == -1)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "dumpBlobs(): Could not open large object.  "
									"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			StartBlob(AH, blobOid);

			/* Now read it in chunks, sending data to archive */
			do {
				cnt = lo_read(g_conn, loFd, buf, loBufSize);
				if (cnt < 0) {
					fprintf(stderr, "dumpBlobs(): Error reading large object. "
								" Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
					exit_nicely(g_conn);
				}

				WriteData(AH, buf, cnt); 

			} while (cnt > 0);

			lo_close(g_conn, loFd);

			EndBlob(AH, blobOid);

		}
	} while (PQntuples(res) > 0);

	return 1;
}

/*
 * getTypes:
 *	  read all base types in the system catalogs and return them in the
 * TypeInfo* structure
 *
 *	numTypes is set to the number of types read in
 *
 */
TypeInfo   *
getTypes(int *numTypes)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	TypeInfo   *tinfo;

	int			i_oid;
	int			i_typowner;
	int			i_typname;
	int			i_typlen;
	int			i_typprtlen;
	int			i_typinput;
	int			i_typoutput;
	int			i_typreceive;
	int			i_typsend;
	int			i_typelem;
	int			i_typdelim;
	int			i_typdefault;
	int			i_typrelid;
	int			i_typbyval;
	int			i_usename;
	int			i_typedefn;

	/* find all base types */

	/*
	 * we include even the built-in types because those may be used as
	 * array elements by user-defined types
	 */

	/*
	 * we filter out the built-in types when we dump out the types
	 */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT pg_type.oid, typowner, typname, typlen, typprtlen, "
		"typinput, typoutput, typreceive, typsend, typelem, typdelim, "
		"typdefault, typrelid, typbyval, "
		"(select usename from pg_user where typowner = usesysid) as usename, "
		"format_type(pg_type.oid, NULL) as typedefn "
		"from pg_type" );

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getTypes(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	tinfo = (TypeInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(TypeInfo));

	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_typowner = PQfnumber(res, "typowner");
	i_typname = PQfnumber(res, "typname");
	i_typlen = PQfnumber(res, "typlen");
	i_typprtlen = PQfnumber(res, "typprtlen");
	i_typinput = PQfnumber(res, "typinput");
	i_typoutput = PQfnumber(res, "typoutput");
	i_typreceive = PQfnumber(res, "typreceive");
	i_typsend = PQfnumber(res, "typsend");
	i_typelem = PQfnumber(res, "typelem");
	i_typdelim = PQfnumber(res, "typdelim");
	i_typdefault = PQfnumber(res, "typdefault");
	i_typrelid = PQfnumber(res, "typrelid");
	i_typbyval = PQfnumber(res, "typbyval");
	i_usename = PQfnumber(res, "usename");
	i_typedefn = PQfnumber(res, "typedefn");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		tinfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		tinfo[i].typowner = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typowner));
		tinfo[i].typname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typname));
		tinfo[i].typlen = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typlen));
		tinfo[i].typprtlen = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typprtlen));
		tinfo[i].typinput = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typinput));
		tinfo[i].typoutput = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typoutput));
		tinfo[i].typreceive = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typreceive));
		tinfo[i].typsend = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typsend));
		tinfo[i].typelem = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typelem));
		tinfo[i].typdelim = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typdelim));
		tinfo[i].typdefault = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typdefault));
		tinfo[i].typrelid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typrelid));
		tinfo[i].usename = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_usename));
		tinfo[i].typedefn = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typedefn));

		if (strlen(tinfo[i].usename) == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: owner of type '%s' appears to be invalid\n",tinfo[i].typname);

		if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_typbyval), "f") == 0)
			tinfo[i].passedbyvalue = 0;
		else
			tinfo[i].passedbyvalue = 1;

		/*
		 * check for user-defined array types, omit system generated ones
		 */
		if ((strcmp(tinfo[i].typelem, "0") != 0) &&
			tinfo[i].typname[0] != '_')
			tinfo[i].isArray = 1;
		else
			tinfo[i].isArray = 0;
	}

	*numTypes = ntups;

	PQclear(res);

	return tinfo;
}

/*
 * getOperators:
 *	  read all operators in the system catalogs and return them in the
 * OprInfo* structure
 *
 *	numOprs is set to the number of operators read in
 *
 *
 */
OprInfo    *
getOperators(int *numOprs)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();

	OprInfo    *oprinfo;

	int			i_oid;
	int			i_oprname;
	int			i_oprkind;
	int			i_oprcode;
	int			i_oprleft;
	int			i_oprright;
	int			i_oprcom;
	int			i_oprnegate;
	int			i_oprrest;
	int			i_oprjoin;
	int			i_oprcanhash;
	int			i_oprlsortop;
	int			i_oprrsortop;
	int			i_usename;

	/*
	 * find all operators, including builtin operators, filter out
	 * system-defined operators at dump-out time
	 */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT pg_operator.oid, oprname, oprkind, oprcode, "
			   "oprleft, oprright, oprcom, oprnegate, oprrest, oprjoin, "
					"oprcanhash, oprlsortop, oprrsortop, "
					"(select usename from pg_user where oprowner = usesysid) as usename "
					"from pg_operator");

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getOperators(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);
	*numOprs = ntups;

	oprinfo = (OprInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(OprInfo));

	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_oprname = PQfnumber(res, "oprname");
	i_oprkind = PQfnumber(res, "oprkind");
	i_oprcode = PQfnumber(res, "oprcode");
	i_oprleft = PQfnumber(res, "oprleft");
	i_oprright = PQfnumber(res, "oprright");
	i_oprcom = PQfnumber(res, "oprcom");
	i_oprnegate = PQfnumber(res, "oprnegate");
	i_oprrest = PQfnumber(res, "oprrest");
	i_oprjoin = PQfnumber(res, "oprjoin");
	i_oprcanhash = PQfnumber(res, "oprcanhash");
	i_oprlsortop = PQfnumber(res, "oprlsortop");
	i_oprrsortop = PQfnumber(res, "oprrsortop");
	i_usename = PQfnumber(res, "usename");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		oprinfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		oprinfo[i].oprname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprname));
		oprinfo[i].oprkind = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprkind));
		oprinfo[i].oprcode = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprcode));
		oprinfo[i].oprleft = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprleft));
		oprinfo[i].oprright = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprright));
		oprinfo[i].oprcom = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprcom));
		oprinfo[i].oprnegate = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprnegate));
		oprinfo[i].oprrest = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprrest));
		oprinfo[i].oprjoin = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprjoin));
		oprinfo[i].oprcanhash = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprcanhash));
		oprinfo[i].oprlsortop = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprlsortop));
		oprinfo[i].oprrsortop = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oprrsortop));
		oprinfo[i].usename = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_usename));

		if (strlen(oprinfo[i].usename) == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: owner of operator '%s' appears to be invalid\n",
						oprinfo[i].oprname);

	}

	PQclear(res);

	return oprinfo;
}

void
clearTypeInfo(TypeInfo *tp, int numTypes)
{
	int			i;

	for (i = 0; i < numTypes; ++i)
	{
		if (tp[i].oid)
			free(tp[i].oid);
		if (tp[i].typowner)
			free(tp[i].typowner);
		if (tp[i].typname)
			free(tp[i].typname);
		if (tp[i].typlen)
			free(tp[i].typlen);
		if (tp[i].typprtlen)
			free(tp[i].typprtlen);
		if (tp[i].typinput)
			free(tp[i].typinput);
		if (tp[i].typoutput)
			free(tp[i].typoutput);
		if (tp[i].typreceive)
			free(tp[i].typreceive);
		if (tp[i].typsend)
			free(tp[i].typsend);
		if (tp[i].typelem)
			free(tp[i].typelem);
		if (tp[i].typdelim)
			free(tp[i].typdelim);
		if (tp[i].typdefault)
			free(tp[i].typdefault);
		if (tp[i].typrelid)
			free(tp[i].typrelid);
		if (tp[i].usename)
			free(tp[i].usename);
	}
	free(tp);
}

void
clearFuncInfo(FuncInfo *fun, int numFuncs)
{
	int			i,
				a;

	if (!fun)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < numFuncs; ++i)
	{
		if (fun[i].oid)
			free(fun[i].oid);
		if (fun[i].proname)
			free(fun[i].proname);
		if (fun[i].usename)
			free(fun[i].usename);
		for (a = 0; a < FUNC_MAX_ARGS; ++a)
			if (fun[i].argtypes[a])
				free(fun[i].argtypes[a]);
		if (fun[i].prorettype)
			free(fun[i].prorettype);
		if (fun[i].prosrc)
			free(fun[i].prosrc);
		if (fun[i].probin)
			free(fun[i].probin);
	}
	free(fun);
}

static void
clearTableInfo(TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables)
{
	int			i,
				j;

	for (i = 0; i < numTables; ++i)
	{

		if (tblinfo[i].oid)
			free(tblinfo[i].oid);
		if (tblinfo[i].relacl)
			free(tblinfo[i].relacl);
		if (tblinfo[i].usename)
			free(tblinfo[i].usename);

		if (tblinfo[i].relname)
			free(tblinfo[i].relname);

		if (tblinfo[i].sequence)
			continue;

		/* Process Attributes */
		for (j = 0; j < tblinfo[i].numatts; j++)
		{
			if (tblinfo[i].attoids[j])
				free(tblinfo[i].attoids[j]);
			if (tblinfo[i].attnames[j])
				free(tblinfo[i].attnames[j]);
			if (tblinfo[i].typnames[j])
				free(tblinfo[i].typnames[j]);
		}

		if (tblinfo[i].triggers) {
			for (j = 0; j < tblinfo[i].ntrig ; j++)
			{
				if (tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgsrc)
					free(tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgsrc);
				if (tblinfo[i].triggers[j].oid)
					free(tblinfo[i].triggers[j].oid);
				if (tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgname)
					free(tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgname);
				if (tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgdel)
					free(tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgdel);
			}
			free(tblinfo[i].triggers);
		}

		if (tblinfo[i].atttypmod)
			free((int *) tblinfo[i].atttypmod);
		if (tblinfo[i].inhAttrs)
			free((int *) tblinfo[i].inhAttrs);
		if (tblinfo[i].attnames)
			free(tblinfo[i].attnames);
		if (tblinfo[i].atttypedefns)
			free(tblinfo[i].atttypedefns);
		if (tblinfo[i].typnames)
			free(tblinfo[i].typnames);
		if (tblinfo[i].notnull)
			free(tblinfo[i].notnull);
		if (tblinfo[i].primary_key_name)
			free(tblinfo[i].primary_key_name);
	}
	free(tblinfo);
}

void
clearInhInfo(InhInfo *inh, int numInherits)
{
	int			i;

	if (!inh)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < numInherits; ++i)
	{
		if (inh[i].inhrelid)
			free(inh[i].inhrelid);
		if (inh[i].inhparent)
			free(inh[i].inhparent);
	}
	free(inh);
}

void
clearOprInfo(OprInfo *opr, int numOprs)
{
	int			i;

	if (!opr)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < numOprs; ++i)
	{
		if (opr[i].oid)
			free(opr[i].oid);
		if (opr[i].oprname)
			free(opr[i].oprname);
		if (opr[i].oprkind)
			free(opr[i].oprkind);
		if (opr[i].oprcode)
			free(opr[i].oprcode);
		if (opr[i].oprleft)
			free(opr[i].oprleft);
		if (opr[i].oprright)
			free(opr[i].oprright);
		if (opr[i].oprcom)
			free(opr[i].oprcom);
		if (opr[i].oprnegate)
			free(opr[i].oprnegate);
		if (opr[i].oprrest)
			free(opr[i].oprrest);
		if (opr[i].oprjoin)
			free(opr[i].oprjoin);
		if (opr[i].oprcanhash)
			free(opr[i].oprcanhash);
		if (opr[i].oprlsortop)
			free(opr[i].oprlsortop);
		if (opr[i].oprrsortop)
			free(opr[i].oprrsortop);
		if (opr[i].usename)
			free(opr[i].usename);
	}
	free(opr);
}

void
clearIndInfo(IndInfo *ind, int numIndices)
{
	int			i,
				a;

	if (!ind)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < numIndices; ++i)
	{
		if (ind[i].indoid)
			free(ind[i].indoid);
		if (ind[i].indexrelname)
			free(ind[i].indexrelname);
		if (ind[i].indrelname)
			free(ind[i].indrelname);
		if (ind[i].indamname)
			free(ind[i].indamname);
		if (ind[i].indproc)
			free(ind[i].indproc);
		if (ind[i].indisunique)
			free(ind[i].indisunique);
		if (ind[i].indisprimary)
			free(ind[i].indisprimary);
		for (a = 0; a < INDEX_MAX_KEYS; ++a)
		{
			if (ind[i].indkey[a])
				free(ind[i].indkey[a]);
			if (ind[i].indclass[a])
				free(ind[i].indclass[a]);
		}
	}
	free(ind);
}

void
clearAggInfo(AggInfo *agginfo, int numArgs)
{
	int			i;

	if (!agginfo)
		return;
	for (i = 0; i < numArgs; ++i)
	{
		if (agginfo[i].oid)
			free(agginfo[i].oid);
		if (agginfo[i].aggname)
			free(agginfo[i].aggname);
		if (agginfo[i].aggtransfn)
			free(agginfo[i].aggtransfn);
		if (agginfo[i].aggfinalfn)
			free(agginfo[i].aggfinalfn);
		if (agginfo[i].aggtranstype)
			free(agginfo[i].aggtranstype);
		if (agginfo[i].aggbasetype)
			free(agginfo[i].aggbasetype);
		if (agginfo[i].agginitval)
			free(agginfo[i].agginitval);
		if (agginfo[i].usename)
			free(agginfo[i].usename);
	}
	free(agginfo);
}

/*
 * getAggregates:
 *	  read all the user-defined aggregates in the system catalogs and
 * return them in the AggInfo* structure
 *
 * numAggs is set to the number of aggregates read in
 *
 *
 */
AggInfo    *
getAggregates(int *numAggs)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	AggInfo    *agginfo;

	int			i_oid;
	int			i_aggname;
	int			i_aggtransfn;
	int			i_aggfinalfn;
	int			i_aggtranstype;
	int			i_aggbasetype;
	int			i_agginitval;
	int			i_usename;

	/* find all user-defined aggregates */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
						"SELECT pg_aggregate.oid, aggname, aggtransfn, "
						"aggfinalfn, aggtranstype, aggbasetype, "
						"agginitval, "
						"(select usename from pg_user where aggowner = usesysid) as usename "
						"from pg_aggregate" );

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getAggregates(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n",
					PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);
	*numAggs = ntups;

	agginfo = (AggInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(AggInfo));

	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_aggname = PQfnumber(res, "aggname");
	i_aggtransfn = PQfnumber(res, "aggtransfn");
	i_aggfinalfn = PQfnumber(res, "aggfinalfn");
	i_aggtranstype = PQfnumber(res, "aggtranstype");
	i_aggbasetype = PQfnumber(res, "aggbasetype");
	i_agginitval = PQfnumber(res, "agginitval");
	i_usename = PQfnumber(res, "usename");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		agginfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		agginfo[i].aggname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_aggname));
		agginfo[i].aggtransfn = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_aggtransfn));
		agginfo[i].aggfinalfn = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_aggfinalfn));
		agginfo[i].aggtranstype = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_aggtranstype));
		agginfo[i].aggbasetype = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_aggbasetype));
		agginfo[i].agginitval = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_agginitval));
		agginfo[i].usename = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_usename));
		if (strlen(agginfo[i].usename) == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: owner of aggregate '%s' appears to be invalid\n",
						agginfo[i].aggname);

	}

	PQclear(res);

	return agginfo;
}

/*
 * getFuncs:
 *	  read all the user-defined functions in the system catalogs and
 * return them in the FuncInfo* structure
 *
 * numFuncs is set to the number of functions read in
 *
 *
 */
FuncInfo   *
getFuncs(int *numFuncs)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	FuncInfo   *finfo;

	int			i_oid;
	int			i_proname;
	int			i_prolang;
	int			i_pronargs;
	int			i_proargtypes;
	int			i_prorettype;
	int			i_proretset;
	int			i_prosrc;
	int			i_probin;
	int			i_iscachable;
	int			i_isstrict;
	int			i_usename;

	/* find all user-defined funcs */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
		   "SELECT pg_proc.oid, proname, prolang, pronargs, prorettype, "
					  "proretset, proargtypes, prosrc, probin, "
					  "(select usename from pg_user where proowner = usesysid) as usename, "
					  "proiscachable, proisstrict "
					  "from pg_proc "
				 "where pg_proc.oid > '%u'::oid",
					  g_last_builtin_oid);

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getFuncs(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
					PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	*numFuncs = ntups;

	finfo = (FuncInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(FuncInfo));

	memset((char *) finfo, 0, ntups * sizeof(FuncInfo));

	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_proname = PQfnumber(res, "proname");
	i_prolang = PQfnumber(res, "prolang");
	i_pronargs = PQfnumber(res, "pronargs");
	i_proargtypes = PQfnumber(res, "proargtypes");
	i_prorettype = PQfnumber(res, "prorettype");
	i_proretset = PQfnumber(res, "proretset");
	i_prosrc = PQfnumber(res, "prosrc");
	i_probin = PQfnumber(res, "probin");
	i_iscachable = PQfnumber(res, "proiscachable");
	i_isstrict = PQfnumber(res, "proisstrict");
	i_usename = PQfnumber(res, "usename");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		finfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		finfo[i].proname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_proname));

		finfo[i].prosrc = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_prosrc));
		finfo[i].probin = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_probin));

		finfo[i].prorettype = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_prorettype));
		finfo[i].retset = (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_proretset), "t") == 0);
		finfo[i].nargs = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_pronargs));
		finfo[i].lang = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_prolang));
		finfo[i].usename = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_usename));
		finfo[i].iscachable = (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_iscachable),"t") == 0);
		finfo[i].isstrict = (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_isstrict),"t") == 0);

		if (strlen(finfo[i].usename) == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: owner of function '%s' appears to be invalid\n",
						finfo[i].proname);

		if (finfo[i].nargs < 0 || finfo[i].nargs > FUNC_MAX_ARGS)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "failed sanity check: %s has %d args\n",
					finfo[i].proname, finfo[i].nargs);
			exit(1);
		}
		parseNumericArray(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_proargtypes),
						  finfo[i].argtypes,
						  finfo[i].nargs);
		finfo[i].dumped = 0;
	}

	PQclear(res);

	return finfo;

}

/*
 * getTables
 *	  read all the user-defined tables (no indices, no catalogs)
 * in the system catalogs return them in the TableInfo* structure
 *
 * numTables is set to the number of tables read in
 *
 *
 */
TableInfo  *
getTables(int *numTables, FuncInfo *finfo, int numFuncs)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delqry = createPQExpBuffer();
	TableInfo  *tblinfo;

	int			i_reloid;
	int			i_relname;
	int			i_relkind;
	int			i_relacl;
	int			i_usename;
	int			i_relchecks;
	int			i_reltriggers;
	int			i_relhasindex;

	char		relkindview[2];

	relkindview[0] = RELKIND_VIEW;
	relkindview[1] = '\0';

	/*
	 * find all the user-defined tables (no indices and no catalogs),
	 * ordering by oid is important so that we always process the parent
	 * tables before the child tables when traversing the tblinfo*
	 *
	 * we ignore tables that are not type 'r' (ordinary relation) or 'S'
	 * (sequence) or 'v' (view).
	 */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
			   "SELECT pg_class.oid, relname, relkind, relacl, "
					  "(select usename from pg_user where relowner = usesysid) as usename, "
					  "relchecks, reltriggers, relhasindex "
					  "from pg_class "
					  "where relname !~ '^pg_' "
					  "and relkind in ('%c', '%c', '%c') "
					  "order by oid",
				RELKIND_RELATION, RELKIND_SEQUENCE, RELKIND_VIEW);

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
					PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	*numTables = ntups;

	tblinfo = (TableInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(TableInfo));

	i_reloid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_relname = PQfnumber(res, "relname");
	i_relkind = PQfnumber(res, "relkind");
	i_relacl = PQfnumber(res, "relacl");
	i_usename = PQfnumber(res, "usename");
	i_relchecks = PQfnumber(res, "relchecks");
	i_reltriggers = PQfnumber(res, "reltriggers");
	i_relhasindex = PQfnumber(res, "relhasindex");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		tblinfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_reloid));
		tblinfo[i].relname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relname));
		tblinfo[i].relacl = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relacl));
		tblinfo[i].sequence = (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relkind), "S") == 0);
		tblinfo[i].usename = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_usename));
		tblinfo[i].ncheck = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relchecks));
		tblinfo[i].ntrig = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_reltriggers));

		if (strlen(tblinfo[i].usename) == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: owner of table '%s' appears to be invalid\n",
						tblinfo[i].relname);

		/* Get view definition */
		if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relkind), relkindview) == 0)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT pg_get_viewdef(");
			formatStringLiteral(query, tblinfo[i].relname);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, ") as viewdef");
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 || PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for VIEW DEFINITION) failed.  "
							"Explanation from backend: %s",
							PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			if (PQntuples(res2) != 1) 
			{
				if (PQntuples(res2) < 1)
				{
					fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for VIEW %s) returned no definitions",
								tblinfo[i].relname);
				} else {
					fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for VIEW %s) returned more than 1 definition",
								tblinfo[i].relname);
				}
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			tblinfo[i].viewdef = strdup(PQgetvalue(res2, 0, 0));

			if (strlen(tblinfo[i].viewdef) == 0) 
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for VIEW %s) returned empty definition",
							tblinfo[i].relname);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
		}
		else
			tblinfo[i].viewdef = NULL;

		/*
		 * Exclude inherited CHECKs from CHECK constraints total. If a
		 * constraint matches by name and condition with a constraint
		 * belonging to a parent class, we assume it was inherited.
		 */
		if (tblinfo[i].ncheck > 0)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;
			int			ntups2;

			if (g_verbose)
				fprintf(stderr, "%s excluding inherited CHECK constraints "
						"for relation: '%s' %s\n",
						g_comment_start,
						tblinfo[i].relname,
						g_comment_end);

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT rcname from pg_relcheck, pg_inherits as i "
							  "where rcrelid = '%s'::oid "
							  " and rcrelid = i.inhrelid"
							  " and exists "
							  "  (select * from pg_relcheck as c "
							  "    where c.rcname = pg_relcheck.rcname "
							  "      and c.rcsrc = pg_relcheck.rcsrc "
							  "      and c.rcrelid = i.inhparent) ",
							  tblinfo[i].oid);
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 ||
				PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for inherited CHECK) failed.  "
							"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			ntups2 = PQntuples(res2);
			tblinfo[i].ncheck -= ntups2;
			if (tblinfo[i].ncheck < 0)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): found more inherited CHECKs than total for "
						"relation %s\n",
						tblinfo[i].relname);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			PQclear(res2);
		}

		/* Get non-inherited CHECK constraints, if any */
		if (tblinfo[i].ncheck > 0)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;
			int			i_rcname,
						i_rcsrc;
			int			ntups2;
			int			i2;

			if (g_verbose)
				fprintf(stderr, "%s finding CHECK constraints for relation: '%s' %s\n",
						g_comment_start,
						tblinfo[i].relname,
						g_comment_end);

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT rcname, rcsrc from pg_relcheck "
							  "where rcrelid = '%s'::oid "
							  "   and not exists "
				   "  (select * from pg_relcheck as c, pg_inherits as i "
							  "   where i.inhrelid = pg_relcheck.rcrelid "
							  "     and c.rcname = pg_relcheck.rcname "
							  "     and c.rcsrc = pg_relcheck.rcsrc "
							  "     and c.rcrelid = i.inhparent) ",
							  tblinfo[i].oid);
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 ||
				PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for CHECK) failed.  "
						"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			ntups2 = PQntuples(res2);
			if (ntups2 != tblinfo[i].ncheck)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): relation '%s': %d CHECKs were expected, but got %d\n",
						tblinfo[i].relname, tblinfo[i].ncheck, ntups2);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			i_rcname = PQfnumber(res2, "rcname");
			i_rcsrc = PQfnumber(res2, "rcsrc");
			tblinfo[i].check_expr = (char **) malloc(ntups2 * sizeof(char *));
			for (i2 = 0; i2 < ntups2; i2++)
			{
				const char *name = PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_rcname);
				const char *expr = PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_rcsrc);

				resetPQExpBuffer(query);
				if (name[0] != '$')
				{
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CONSTRAINT %s ",
									  fmtId(name, force_quotes));
				}
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CHECK (%s)", expr);
				tblinfo[i].check_expr[i2] = strdup(query->data);
			}
			PQclear(res2);
		}
		else
			tblinfo[i].check_expr = NULL;

		/* Get primary key */
		if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_relhasindex), "t") == 0)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query,
							  "SELECT Oid FROM pg_index i WHERE i.indisprimary AND i.indrelid = %s ",
							  tblinfo[i].oid);
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 || PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for PRIMARY KEY) failed.  Explanation from backend: %s\n",
						PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			if (PQntuples(res2) > 1) {
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for PRIMARY KEY) produced more than one row.\n");
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			if (PQntuples(res2) == 1) {
				tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res2, 0, 0));
			} else {
				tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid = NULL;
			}

		}
		else
			tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid = NULL;

		/* Get primary key name (if primary key exist) */
		if (tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid != NULL)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;
			int		   n;

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query,
							  "SELECT c.relname "
							  "FROM pg_index i, pg_class c "
							  "WHERE i.indrelid = %s"
							  "AND   i.indisprimary "
							  "AND   c.oid = i.indexrelid ",
							  tblinfo[i].oid);
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 || PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for PRIMARY KEY NAME) failed.  Explanation from backend: %s",
						PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			n = PQntuples(res2);
			if (n != 1)
			{
				fprintf(stderr,
						"getTables(): SELECT (for PRIMARY KEY NAME) failed. This is impossible but object with OID == %s have %d primary keys.\n",
						tblinfo[i].oid,
						n);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			tblinfo[i].primary_key_name =
				strdup(fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, 0, 0), force_quotes));
			if (tblinfo[i].primary_key_name == NULL)
			{
				perror("strdup");
				exit(1);
			}
		}
		else
			tblinfo[i].primary_key_name = NULL;

		/* Get Triggers */
		if (tblinfo[i].ntrig > 0)
		{
			PGresult   *res2;
			int			i_tgoid,
						i_tgname,
						i_tgfoid,
						i_tgtype,
						i_tgnargs,
						i_tgargs,
						i_tgisconstraint,
						i_tgconstrname,
						i_tgdeferrable,
						i_tginitdeferred;
			int			ntups2;
			int			i2;

			if (g_verbose)
				fprintf(stderr, "%s finding Triggers for relation: '%s' %s\n",
						g_comment_start,
						tblinfo[i].relname,
						g_comment_end);

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT tgname, tgfoid, tgtype, tgnargs, tgargs, tgisconstraint, tgconstrname, tgdeferrable, tginitdeferred, oid "
							  "from pg_trigger "
							  "where tgrelid = '%s'::oid ",
							  tblinfo[i].oid);
			res2 = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
			if (!res2 ||
				PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (for TRIGGER) failed.  "
							"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			ntups2 = PQntuples(res2);
			if (ntups2 != tblinfo[i].ntrig)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): relation '%s': %d Triggers were expected, but got %d\n",
						tblinfo[i].relname, tblinfo[i].ntrig, ntups2);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}
			i_tgname = PQfnumber(res2, "tgname");
			i_tgfoid = PQfnumber(res2, "tgfoid");
			i_tgtype = PQfnumber(res2, "tgtype");
			i_tgnargs = PQfnumber(res2, "tgnargs");
			i_tgargs = PQfnumber(res2, "tgargs");
			i_tgoid = PQfnumber(res2, "oid");
			i_tgisconstraint = PQfnumber(res2, "tgisconstraint");
			i_tgconstrname = PQfnumber(res2, "tgconstrname");
			i_tgdeferrable = PQfnumber(res2, "tgdeferrable");
			i_tginitdeferred = PQfnumber(res2, "tginitdeferred");

			tblinfo[i].triggers = (TrigInfo*) malloc(ntups2 * sizeof(TrigInfo));
			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			for (i2 = 0; i2 < ntups2; i2++)
			{
				const char *tgfuncoid = PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgfoid);
				char	   *tgfunc = NULL;
				int2		tgtype = atoi(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgtype));
				int			tgnargs = atoi(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgnargs));
				const char *tgargs = PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgargs);
				int			tgisconstraint;
				int			tgdeferrable;
				int			tginitdeferred;
				const char *p;
				int			findx;

				if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgisconstraint), "f") == 0)
					tgisconstraint = 0;
				else
					tgisconstraint = 1;

				if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgdeferrable), "f") == 0)
					tgdeferrable = 0;
				else
					tgdeferrable = 1;

				if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tginitdeferred), "f") == 0)
					tginitdeferred = 0;
				else
					tginitdeferred = 1;

				for (findx = 0; findx < numFuncs; findx++)
				{
					if (strcmp(finfo[findx].oid, tgfuncoid) == 0 &&
						finfo[findx].nargs == 0 &&
						strcmp(finfo[findx].prorettype, "0") == 0)
						break;
				}

				if (findx == numFuncs)
				{
					PGresult   *r;
					int			numFuncs;

					/*
					 * the funcname is an oid which we use to find the
					 * name of the pg_proc.  We need to do this because
					 * getFuncs() only reads in the user-defined funcs not
					 * all the funcs.  We might not find what we want by
					 * looking in FuncInfo*
					 */
					resetPQExpBuffer(query);
					appendPQExpBuffer(query,
									  "SELECT proname from pg_proc "
									  "where pg_proc.oid = '%s'::oid",
									  tgfuncoid);

					r = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
					if (!r || PQresultStatus(r) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
					{
						fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (funcname) failed for trigger %s.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
									PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname), PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
						exit_nicely(g_conn);
					}

					/* Sanity: Check we got only one tuple */
					numFuncs = PQntuples(r);
					if (numFuncs != 1) {
						fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): SELECT (funcname) for trigger %s returned %d tuples. Expected 1.\n", 
									PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname), numFuncs);
						exit_nicely(g_conn);
					}

					tgfunc = strdup(PQgetvalue(r, 0, PQfnumber(r, "proname")));
					PQclear(r);
				}
				else
					tgfunc = strdup(finfo[findx].proname);

				appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, "DROP TRIGGER %s ",
									fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname),
									force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, "ON %s;\n",
									fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));

				resetPQExpBuffer(query);
				if (tgisconstraint)
				{
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER ");
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgconstrname), force_quotes));
				}
				else
				{
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE TRIGGER ");
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname), force_quotes));
				}
				appendPQExpBufferChar(query, ' ');
				/* Trigger type */
				findx = 0;
				if (TRIGGER_FOR_BEFORE(tgtype))
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, "BEFORE");
				else
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, "AFTER");
				if (TRIGGER_FOR_INSERT(tgtype))
				{
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, " INSERT");
					findx++;
				}
				if (TRIGGER_FOR_DELETE(tgtype))
				{
					if (findx > 0)
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, " OR DELETE");
					else
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, " DELETE");
					findx++;
				}
				if (TRIGGER_FOR_UPDATE(tgtype))
				{
					if (findx > 0)
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, " OR UPDATE");
					else
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, " UPDATE");
				}
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, " ON %s ", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));

				if (tgisconstraint)
				{
					if (!tgdeferrable)
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, " NOT");
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, " DEFERRABLE INITIALLY ");
					if (tginitdeferred)
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, "DEFERRED");
					else
						appendPQExpBuffer(query, "IMMEDIATE");

				}

				appendPQExpBuffer(query, " FOR EACH ROW");
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, " EXECUTE PROCEDURE %s (",
								  fmtId(tgfunc, force_quotes));
				for (findx = 0; findx < tgnargs; findx++)
				{
					const char *s;

					for (p = tgargs;;)
					{
						p = strchr(p, '\\');
						if (p == NULL)
						{
							fprintf(stderr, "getTables(): relation '%s': bad argument "
									"string (%s) for trigger '%s'\n",
									tblinfo[i].relname,
									PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgargs),
									PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname));
							exit_nicely(g_conn);
						}
						p++;
						if (*p == '\\')
						{
							p++;
							continue;
						}
						if (p[0] == '0' && p[1] == '0' && p[2] == '0')
							break;
					}
					p--;
					appendPQExpBufferChar(query, '\'');
					for (s = tgargs; s < p;)
					{
						if (*s == '\'')
							appendPQExpBufferChar(query, '\\');
						appendPQExpBufferChar(query, *s++);
					}
					appendPQExpBufferChar(query, '\'');
					appendPQExpBuffer(query, (findx < tgnargs - 1) ? ", " : "");
					tgargs = p + 4;
				}
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, ");\n");

				tblinfo[i].triggers[i2].tgsrc = strdup(query->data);

				/*** Initialize trcomments and troids ***/

				resetPQExpBuffer(query);
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, "TRIGGER %s ",
					fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname), force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(query, "ON %s",
								fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));
				tblinfo[i].triggers[i2].tgcomment = strdup(query->data);
				tblinfo[i].triggers[i2].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgoid));
				tblinfo[i].triggers[i2].tgname = strdup(fmtId(PQgetvalue(res2, i2, i_tgname),false));
				tblinfo[i].triggers[i2].tgdel = strdup(delqry->data);

				if (tgfunc)
					free(tgfunc);
			}
			PQclear(res2);
		}
		else
		{
			tblinfo[i].triggers = NULL;
		}

	}

	PQclear(res);

	return tblinfo;

}

/*
 * getInherits
 *	  read all the inheritance information
 * from the system catalogs return them in the InhInfo* structure
 *
 * numInherits is set to the number of tables read in
 *
 *
 */
InhInfo    *
getInherits(int *numInherits)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	InhInfo    *inhinfo;

	int			i_inhrelid;
	int			i_inhparent;

	/* find all the inheritance information */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT inhrelid, inhparent from pg_inherits");

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getInherits(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", 
				PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	*numInherits = ntups;

	inhinfo = (InhInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(InhInfo));

	i_inhrelid = PQfnumber(res, "inhrelid");
	i_inhparent = PQfnumber(res, "inhparent");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		inhinfo[i].inhrelid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_inhrelid));
		inhinfo[i].inhparent = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_inhparent));
	}

	PQclear(res);
	return inhinfo;
}

/*
 * getTableAttrs -
 *	  for each table in tblinfo, read its attributes types and names
 *
 * this is implemented in a very inefficient way right now, looping
 * through the tblinfo and doing a join per table to find the attrs and their
 * types
 *
 *	modifies tblinfo
 */
void
getTableAttrs(TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables)
{
	int			i,
				j;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	int			i_attname;
	int			i_typname;
	int			i_atttypmod;
	int			i_attnotnull;
	int			i_atthasdef;
	int			i_attoid;
	int			i_atttypedefn;
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;

	for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
	{

		if (tblinfo[i].sequence)
			continue;

		/* find all the user attributes and their types */
		/* we must read the attribute names in attribute number order! */

		/*
		 * because we will use the attnum to index into the attnames array
		 * later
		 */
		if (g_verbose)
			fprintf(stderr, "%s finding the attrs and types for table: '%s' %s\n",
					g_comment_start,
					tblinfo[i].relname,
					g_comment_end);

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, "SELECT a.oid as attoid, a.attnum, a.attname, t.typname, a.atttypmod, "
						  "a.attnotnull, a.atthasdef, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as atttypedefn "
						  "from pg_attribute a, pg_type t "
				   "where a.attrelid = '%s'::oid and a.atttypid = t.oid "
						  "and a.attnum > 0 order by attnum",
						  tblinfo[i].oid);
		res = PQexec(g_conn, q->data);
		if (!res ||
			PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "getTableAttrs(): SELECT failed.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		ntups = PQntuples(res);

		i_attoid = PQfnumber(res, "attoid");
		i_attname = PQfnumber(res, "attname");
		i_typname = PQfnumber(res, "typname");
		i_atttypmod = PQfnumber(res, "atttypmod");
		i_attnotnull = PQfnumber(res, "attnotnull");
		i_atthasdef = PQfnumber(res, "atthasdef");
		i_atttypedefn = PQfnumber(res, "atttypedefn");

		tblinfo[i].numatts = ntups;
		tblinfo[i].attoids = (char **) malloc(ntups * sizeof(char *));
		tblinfo[i].attnames = (char **) malloc(ntups * sizeof(char *));
		tblinfo[i].atttypedefns = (char **) malloc(ntups * sizeof(char *));
		tblinfo[i].typnames = (char **) malloc(ntups * sizeof(char *));
		tblinfo[i].atttypmod = (int *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(int));
		tblinfo[i].inhAttrs = (int *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(int));
		tblinfo[i].notnull = (bool *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(bool));
		tblinfo[i].adef_expr = (char **) malloc(ntups * sizeof(char *));
		tblinfo[i].parentRels = NULL;
		tblinfo[i].numParents = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < ntups; j++)
		{
			tblinfo[i].attoids[j] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_attoid));
			tblinfo[i].attnames[j] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_attname));
			tblinfo[i].atttypedefns[j] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_atttypedefn));
			tblinfo[i].typnames[j] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_typname));
			tblinfo[i].atttypmod[j] = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_atttypmod));
			tblinfo[i].inhAttrs[j] = 0; /* this flag is set in
										 * flagInhAttrs() */
			tblinfo[i].notnull[j] = (PQgetvalue(res, j, i_attnotnull)[0] == 't') ? true : false;
			if (PQgetvalue(res, j, i_atthasdef)[0] == 't')
			{
				PGresult   *res2;
				int			numAttr;

				if (g_verbose)
					fprintf(stderr, "%s finding DEFAULT expression for attr: '%s' %s\n",
							g_comment_start,
							tblinfo[i].attnames[j],
							g_comment_end);

				resetPQExpBuffer(q);
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "SELECT adsrc from pg_attrdef "
							 "where adrelid = '%s'::oid and adnum = %d ",
								  tblinfo[i].oid, j + 1);
				res2 = PQexec(g_conn, q->data);
				if (!res2 ||
					PQresultStatus(res2) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
				{
					fprintf(stderr, "getTableAttrs(): SELECT (for DEFAULT) failed.  "
							"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
					exit_nicely(g_conn);
				}

				/* Sanity: Check we got only one tuple */
				numAttr = PQntuples(res2);
				if (numAttr != 1) {
					fprintf(stderr, "getTableAttrs(): SELECT (for DEFAULT) for attr %s returned %d tuples. Expected 1.\n", 
										tblinfo[i].attnames[j], numAttr);
					exit_nicely(g_conn);
				}

				tblinfo[i].adef_expr[j] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res2, 0, PQfnumber(res2, "adsrc")));
				PQclear(res2);
			}
			else
				tblinfo[i].adef_expr[j] = NULL;
		}
		PQclear(res);
	}
}


/*
 * getIndices
 *	  read all the user-defined indices information
 * from the system catalogs return them in the InhInfo* structure
 *
 * numIndices is set to the number of indices read in
 *
 *
 */
IndInfo    *
getIndices(int *numIndices)
{
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	IndInfo    *indinfo;

	int			i_indexrelname;
	int			i_indrelname;
	int			i_indamname;
	int			i_indproc;
	int			i_indkey;
	int			i_indclass;
	int			i_indisunique;
	int			i_indoid;
	int			i_oid;
	int			i_indisprimary;

	/*
	 * find all the user-defined indices. We do not handle partial
	 * indices.
	 *
	 * Notice we skip indices on system classes
	 *
	 * this is a 4-way join !!
	 */

	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
					  "SELECT i.oid, t1.oid as indoid, t1.relname as indexrelname, t2.relname as indrelname, "
					  "i.indproc, i.indkey, i.indclass, "
					  "a.amname as indamname, i.indisunique, i.indisprimary "
					"from pg_index i, pg_class t1, pg_class t2, pg_am a "
				   "WHERE t1.oid = i.indexrelid and t2.oid = i.indrelid "
					  "and t1.relam = a.oid and i.indexrelid > '%u'::oid "
					  "and t2.relname !~ '^pg_' ",
					  g_last_builtin_oid);

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "getIndices(): SELECT failed.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	*numIndices = ntups;

	indinfo = (IndInfo *) malloc(ntups * sizeof(IndInfo));

	memset((char *) indinfo, 0, ntups * sizeof(IndInfo));

	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
	i_indoid = PQfnumber(res, "indoid");
	i_indexrelname = PQfnumber(res, "indexrelname");
	i_indrelname = PQfnumber(res, "indrelname");
	i_indamname = PQfnumber(res, "indamname");
	i_indproc = PQfnumber(res, "indproc");
	i_indkey = PQfnumber(res, "indkey");
	i_indclass = PQfnumber(res, "indclass");
	i_indisunique = PQfnumber(res, "indisunique");
	i_indisprimary = PQfnumber(res, "indisprimary");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		indinfo[i].oid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		indinfo[i].indoid = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indoid));
		indinfo[i].indexrelname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indexrelname));
		indinfo[i].indrelname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indrelname));
		indinfo[i].indamname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indamname));
		indinfo[i].indproc = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indproc));
		parseNumericArray(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indkey),
						  indinfo[i].indkey,
						  INDEX_MAX_KEYS);
		parseNumericArray(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indclass),
						  indinfo[i].indclass,
						  INDEX_MAX_KEYS);
		indinfo[i].indisunique = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indisunique));
		indinfo[i].indisprimary = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_indisprimary));
	}
	PQclear(res);
	return indinfo;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------
 * dumpComments --
 *
 * This routine is used to dump any comments associated with the
 * oid handed to this routine. The routine takes a constant character
 * string for the target part of the object and the oid of the object
 * whose comments are to be dumped. It is perfectly acceptable
 * to hand an oid to this routine which has not been commented. In
 * addition, the routine takes the stdio FILE handle to which the
 * output should be written.
 *------------------------------------------------------------------
*/

static void
dumpComment(Archive *fout, const char *target, const char *oid)
{

	PGresult   *res;
	PQExpBuffer query;
	int			i_description;

	/*** Build query to find comment ***/

	query = createPQExpBuffer();
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT description FROM pg_description WHERE objoid = ");
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, oid);

	/*** Execute query ***/

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "DumpComment: SELECT failed: '%s'.\n",
				PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	/*** If a comment exists, build COMMENT ON statement ***/

	if (PQntuples(res) != 0)
	{
		i_description = PQfnumber(res, "description");
		resetPQExpBuffer(query);
		appendPQExpBuffer(query, "COMMENT ON %s IS ", target);
		formatStringLiteral(query, PQgetvalue(res, 0, i_description));
		appendPQExpBuffer(query, ";\n");

		ArchiveEntry(fout, oid, target, "COMMENT", NULL, query->data, "" /*Del*/,
					   "" /* Copy */, "" /*Owner*/, NULL, NULL);	

	}

	/*** Clear the statement buffer and return ***/

	PQclear(res);

}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------
 * dumpDBComment --
 *
 * This routine is used to dump any comments associated with the
 * database to which we are currently connected. If the user chose
 * to dump the schema of the database, then this is the first
 * statement issued.
 *------------------------------------------------------------------
*/

void
dumpDBComment(Archive *fout)
{

	PGresult   *res;
	PQExpBuffer query;
	int			i_oid;

	/*** Build query to find comment ***/

	query = createPQExpBuffer();
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT oid FROM pg_database WHERE datname = ");
	formatStringLiteral(query, PQdb(g_conn));

	/*** Execute query ***/

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpDBComment: SELECT failed: '%s'.\n",
				PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	/*** If a comment exists, build COMMENT ON statement ***/

	if (PQntuples(res) != 0)
	{
		i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
		resetPQExpBuffer(query);
		appendPQExpBuffer(query, "DATABASE %s", fmtId(PQdb(g_conn), force_quotes));
		dumpComment(fout, query->data, PQgetvalue(res, 0, i_oid));
	}

	/*** Clear the statement buffer and return ***/

	PQclear(res);

}

/*
 * dumpTypes
 *	  writes out to fout the queries to recreate all the user-defined types
 *
 */
void
dumpTypes(Archive *fout, FuncInfo *finfo, int numFuncs,
		  TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer	delq = createPQExpBuffer();
	int			funcInd;

	for (i = 0; i < numTypes; i++)
	{

		/* skip all the builtin types */
		if (atooid(tinfo[i].oid) <= g_last_builtin_oid)
			continue;

		/* skip relation types */
		if (atoi(tinfo[i].typrelid) != 0)
			continue;

		/* skip all array types that start w/ underscore */
		if ((tinfo[i].typname[0] == '_') &&
			(strcmp(tinfo[i].typinput, "array_in") == 0))
			continue;

		/*
		 * before we create a type, we need to create the input and output
		 * functions for it, if they haven't been created already
		 */
		funcInd = findFuncByName(finfo, numFuncs, tinfo[i].typinput);
		if (funcInd != -1)
			dumpOneFunc(fout, finfo, funcInd, tinfo, numTypes);

		funcInd = findFuncByName(finfo, numFuncs, tinfo[i].typoutput);
		if (funcInd != -1)
			dumpOneFunc(fout, finfo, funcInd, tinfo, numTypes);

		appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP TYPE %s;\n", fmtId(tinfo[i].typname, force_quotes));

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		appendPQExpBuffer(q,
						  "CREATE TYPE %s "
						  "( internallength = %s, externallength = %s,",
						  fmtId(tinfo[i].typname, force_quotes),
						  tinfo[i].typlen,
						  tinfo[i].typprtlen);
		/* cannot combine these because fmtId uses static result area */
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " input = %s,",
						  fmtId(tinfo[i].typinput, force_quotes));
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " output = %s,",
						  fmtId(tinfo[i].typoutput, force_quotes));
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " send = %s,",
						  fmtId(tinfo[i].typsend, force_quotes));
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " receive = %s, default = ",
						  fmtId(tinfo[i].typreceive, force_quotes));
		formatStringLiteral(q, tinfo[i].typdefault);

		if (tinfo[i].isArray)
		{
			char	   *elemType;

			elemType = findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, tinfo[i].typelem, zeroAsOpaque);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, ", element = %s, delimiter = ", elemType);
			formatStringLiteral(q, tinfo[i].typdelim);
		}
		if (tinfo[i].passedbyvalue)
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, ",passedbyvalue);\n");
		else
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, ");\n");

		ArchiveEntry(fout, tinfo[i].oid, fmtId(tinfo[i].typname, force_quotes), "TYPE", NULL,
						q->data, delq->data, "", tinfo[i].usename, NULL, NULL);

		/*** Dump Type Comments ***/

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		resetPQExpBuffer(delq);

		appendPQExpBuffer(q, "TYPE %s", fmtId(tinfo[i].typname, force_quotes));
		dumpComment(fout, q->data, tinfo[i].oid);

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
	}
}

/*
 * dumpProcLangs
 *		  writes out to fout the queries to recreate user-defined procedural languages
 *
 */
void
dumpProcLangs(Archive *fout, FuncInfo *finfo, int numFuncs,
			  TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer defqry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delqry = createPQExpBuffer();
	int			ntups;
	int			i_oid;
	int			i_lanname;
	int			i_lanpltrusted;
	int			i_lanplcallfoid;
	int			i_lancompiler;
	Oid			lanoid;
	char	   *lanname;
	char	   *lancompiler;
	const char *lanplcallfoid;
	int			i,
				fidx;

	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT oid, * FROM pg_language "
					  "WHERE lanispl "
					  "ORDER BY oid");
	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpProcLangs(): SELECT failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	ntups = PQntuples(res);

	i_lanname = PQfnumber(res, "lanname");
	i_lanpltrusted = PQfnumber(res, "lanpltrusted");
	i_lanplcallfoid = PQfnumber(res, "lanplcallfoid");
	i_lancompiler = PQfnumber(res, "lancompiler");
	i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");

	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
	{
		lanoid = atooid(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));
		if (lanoid <= g_last_builtin_oid)
			continue;

		lanplcallfoid = PQgetvalue(res, i, i_lanplcallfoid);


		for (fidx = 0; fidx < numFuncs; fidx++)
		{
			if (!strcmp(finfo[fidx].oid, lanplcallfoid))
				break;
		}
		if (fidx >= numFuncs)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "dumpProcLangs(): handler procedure for "
						"language %s not found\n", PQgetvalue(res, i, i_lanname));
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		dumpOneFunc(fout, finfo, fidx, tinfo, numTypes);

		lanname = PQgetvalue(res, i, i_lanname);
		lancompiler = PQgetvalue(res, i, i_lancompiler);

		appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, "DROP PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE ");
		formatStringLiteral(delqry, lanname);
		appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, ";\n");

		appendPQExpBuffer(defqry, "CREATE %sPROCEDURAL LANGUAGE ",
						  (PQgetvalue(res, i, i_lanpltrusted)[0] == 't') ?
						  "TRUSTED " : "");
		formatStringLiteral(defqry, lanname);
		appendPQExpBuffer(defqry, " HANDLER %s LANCOMPILER ",
						  fmtId(finfo[fidx].proname, force_quotes));
		formatStringLiteral(defqry, lancompiler);
		appendPQExpBuffer(defqry, ";\n");

		ArchiveEntry(fout, PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid), lanname, "PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE",
			    NULL, defqry->data, delqry->data, "", "", NULL, NULL);

		resetPQExpBuffer(defqry);
		resetPQExpBuffer(delqry);
	}

	PQclear(res);

}

/*
 * dumpFuncs
 *	  writes out to fout the queries to recreate all the user-defined functions
 *
 */
void
dumpFuncs(Archive *fout, FuncInfo *finfo, int numFuncs,
		  TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	int			i;

	for (i = 0; i < numFuncs; i++)
		dumpOneFunc(fout, finfo, i, tinfo, numTypes);
}

/*
 * dumpOneFunc:
 *	  dump out only one function,  the index of which is given in the third
 *	argument
 *
 */

static void
dumpOneFunc(Archive *fout, FuncInfo *finfo, int i,
			TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer fn = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delqry = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer fnlist = createPQExpBuffer();
	int			j;
	PQExpBuffer asPart = createPQExpBuffer();
	char		func_lang[NAMEDATALEN + 1];
	PGresult   *res;
	int			nlangs;
	int			i_lanname;
	char		query[256];

	char		*listSep;
	char		*listSepComma = ",";
	char		*listSepNone = "";

	if (finfo[i].dumped)
		return;
	else
		finfo[i].dumped = 1;

	/* becomeUser(fout, finfo[i].usename); */

	sprintf(query, "SELECT lanname FROM pg_language WHERE oid = %u",
			finfo[i].lang);
	res = PQexec(g_conn, query);
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
  	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpOneFunc(): SELECT for procedural language failed.  Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
  	}
	nlangs = PQntuples(res);

	if (nlangs != 1)
  	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpOneFunc(): procedural language for function %s not found\n", finfo[i].proname);
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
  	}
  
	i_lanname = PQfnumber(res, "lanname");

	/*
	 * See backend/commands/define.c for details of how the 'AS' clause
	 * is used.
	 */
	if (strcmp(finfo[i].probin, "-") != 0)
	{
		appendPQExpBuffer(asPart, "AS ");
		formatStringLiteral(asPart, finfo[i].probin);
		if (strcmp(finfo[i].prosrc, "-") != 0)
		{
			appendPQExpBuffer(asPart, ", ");
			formatStringLiteral(asPart, finfo[i].prosrc);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (strcmp(finfo[i].prosrc, "-") != 0)
		{
			appendPQExpBuffer(asPart, "AS ");
			formatStringLiteral(asPart, finfo[i].prosrc);
		}
	}

	strcpy(func_lang, PQgetvalue(res, 0, i_lanname));
  
	PQclear(res);
 
	resetPQExpBuffer(fn);
	appendPQExpBuffer(fn, "%s (", fmtId(finfo[i].proname, force_quotes));
	for (j = 0; j < finfo[i].nargs; j++)
	{
		char			*typname;

		typname = findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, finfo[i].argtypes[j], zeroAsOpaque);
		appendPQExpBuffer(fn, "%s%s", 
							(j > 0) ? "," : "", 
							typname);
		appendPQExpBuffer(fnlist, "%s%s",
							(j > 0) ? "," : "", 
							typname );
	}
	appendPQExpBuffer(fn, ")");

	resetPQExpBuffer(delqry);
	appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, "DROP FUNCTION %s;\n", fn->data );

	resetPQExpBuffer(q);
	appendPQExpBuffer(q, "CREATE FUNCTION %s ", fn->data );
	appendPQExpBuffer(q, "RETURNS %s%s %s LANGUAGE ",
					  (finfo[i].retset) ? "SETOF " : "",
					  findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, finfo[i].prorettype, zeroAsOpaque),
					  asPart->data);
	formatStringLiteral(q, func_lang);

	if (finfo[i].iscachable || finfo[i].isstrict) /* OR in new attrs here */
	{
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " WITH (");
		listSep = listSepNone;

		if (finfo[i].iscachable) {
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s iscachable", listSep);
			listSep = listSepComma;
		}

		if (finfo[i].isstrict) {
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s isstrict", listSep);
			listSep = listSepComma;
		}
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, " )");
	}

	appendPQExpBuffer(q, ";\n");

	ArchiveEntry(fout, finfo[i].oid, fn->data, "FUNCTION", NULL, q->data, delqry->data,
					"", finfo[i].usename, NULL, NULL);

	/*** Dump Function Comments ***/

	resetPQExpBuffer(q);
	appendPQExpBuffer(q, "FUNCTION %s ",
					  fmtId(finfo[i].proname, force_quotes));
	appendPQExpBuffer(q, "( %s )", fnlist->data);
	dumpComment(fout, q->data, finfo[i].oid);

}

/*
 * dumpOprs
 *	  writes out to fout the queries to recreate all the user-defined operators
 *
 */
void
dumpOprs(Archive *fout, OprInfo *oprinfo, int numOperators,
		 TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delq = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer leftarg = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer rightarg = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer commutator = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer negator = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer restrictor = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer join = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer sort1 = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer sort2 = createPQExpBuffer();

	for (i = 0; i < numOperators; i++)
	{

		resetPQExpBuffer(leftarg);
		resetPQExpBuffer(rightarg);
		resetPQExpBuffer(commutator);
		resetPQExpBuffer(negator);
		resetPQExpBuffer(restrictor);
		resetPQExpBuffer(join);
		resetPQExpBuffer(sort1);
		resetPQExpBuffer(sort2);

		/* skip all the builtin oids */
		if (atooid(oprinfo[i].oid) <= g_last_builtin_oid)
			continue;

		/*
		 * some operator are invalid because they were the result of user
		 * defining operators before commutators exist
		 */
		if (strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprcode, "-") == 0)
			continue;

		/*
		 * right unary means there's a left arg and left unary means
		 * there's a right arg
		 */
		if (strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprkind, "r") == 0 ||
			strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprkind, "b") == 0)
		{
			appendPQExpBuffer(leftarg, ",\n\tLEFTARG = %s ",
								findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, oprinfo[i].oprleft, zeroAsOpaque) );
		}
		if (strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprkind, "l") == 0 ||
			strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprkind, "b") == 0)
		{
			appendPQExpBuffer(rightarg, ",\n\tRIGHTARG = %s ",
							  findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, oprinfo[i].oprright, zeroAsOpaque) );
		}
		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprcom, "0") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(commutator, ",\n\tCOMMUTATOR = %s ",
				 findOprByOid(oprinfo, numOperators, oprinfo[i].oprcom));

		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprnegate, "0") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(negator, ",\n\tNEGATOR = %s ",
			  findOprByOid(oprinfo, numOperators, oprinfo[i].oprnegate));

		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprrest, "-") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(restrictor, ",\n\tRESTRICT = %s ", oprinfo[i].oprrest);

		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprjoin, "-") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(join, ",\n\tJOIN = %s ", oprinfo[i].oprjoin);

		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprlsortop, "0") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(sort1, ",\n\tSORT1 = %s ",
			 findOprByOid(oprinfo, numOperators, oprinfo[i].oprlsortop));

		if (!(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprrsortop, "0") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(sort2, ",\n\tSORT2 = %s ",
			 findOprByOid(oprinfo, numOperators, oprinfo[i].oprrsortop));

		resetPQExpBuffer(delq);
		appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP OPERATOR %s (%s", oprinfo[i].oprname,
				findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, oprinfo[i].oprleft, zeroAsOpaque) );
		appendPQExpBuffer(delq, ", %s);\n",
					findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, oprinfo[i].oprright, zeroAsOpaque) );

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		appendPQExpBuffer(q,
						  "CREATE OPERATOR %s "
						  "(PROCEDURE = %s %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s);\n",
						  oprinfo[i].oprname,
						  oprinfo[i].oprcode,
						  leftarg->data,
						  rightarg->data,
						  commutator->data,
						  negator->data,
						  restrictor->data,
						(strcmp(oprinfo[i].oprcanhash, "t") == 0) ? ",\n\tHASHES" : "",
						  join->data,
						  sort1->data,
						  sort2->data);

		ArchiveEntry(fout, oprinfo[i].oid, oprinfo[i].oprname, "OPERATOR", NULL,
						q->data, delq->data, "", oprinfo[i].usename, NULL, NULL);
	}
}

/*
 * dumpAggs
 *	  writes out to fout the queries to create all the user-defined aggregates
 *
 */
void
dumpAggs(Archive *fout, AggInfo *agginfo, int numAggs,
		 TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes)
{
	int			i;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delq = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer aggSig = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer details = createPQExpBuffer();

	for (i = 0; i < numAggs; i++)
	{
		resetPQExpBuffer(details);

		/* skip all the builtin oids */
		if (atooid(agginfo[i].oid) <= g_last_builtin_oid)
			continue;

		appendPQExpBuffer(details,
						  "BASETYPE = %s, ",
						  findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, agginfo[i].aggbasetype, zeroAsAny + useBaseTypeName));

		appendPQExpBuffer(details,
						  "SFUNC = %s, STYPE = %s",
						  agginfo[i].aggtransfn,
						  findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, agginfo[i].aggtranstype, zeroAsOpaque + useBaseTypeName));

		if (agginfo[i].agginitval)
		{
			appendPQExpBuffer(details, ", INITCOND = ");
			formatStringLiteral(details, agginfo[i].agginitval);
		}

		if (!(strcmp(agginfo[i].aggfinalfn, "-") == 0))
			appendPQExpBuffer(details, ", FINALFUNC = %s",
							  agginfo[i].aggfinalfn);

		resetPQExpBuffer(aggSig);
		appendPQExpBuffer(aggSig, "%s %s", agginfo[i].aggname,
							findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, agginfo[i].aggbasetype, zeroAsOpaque + useBaseTypeName));

		resetPQExpBuffer(delq);
		appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP AGGREGATE %s;\n", aggSig->data);

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, "CREATE AGGREGATE %s ( %s );\n",
						  agginfo[i].aggname,
						  details->data);

		ArchiveEntry(fout, agginfo[i].oid, aggSig->data, "AGGREGATE", NULL,
						q->data, delq->data, "", agginfo[i].usename, NULL, NULL);

		/*** Dump Aggregate Comments ***/

		resetPQExpBuffer(q);
		appendPQExpBuffer(q, "AGGREGATE %s %s", agginfo[i].aggname,
						  findTypeByOid(tinfo, numTypes, agginfo[i].aggbasetype, zeroAsOpaque + useBaseTypeName));
		dumpComment(fout, q->data, agginfo[i].oid);

	}
}

/*
 * These are some support functions to fix the acl problem of pg_dump
 *
 * Matthew C. Aycock 12/02/97
 */

/* Append a keyword to a keyword list, inserting comma if needed.
 * Caller must make aclbuf big enough for all possible keywords.
 */
static void
AddAcl(char *aclbuf, const char *keyword)
{
	if (*aclbuf)
		strcat(aclbuf, ",");
	strcat(aclbuf, keyword);
}

/*
 * This will take a string of 'arwR' and return a malloced,
 * comma delimited string of SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,RULE
 */
static char *
GetPrivileges(const char *s)
{
	char		aclbuf[100];

	aclbuf[0] = '\0';

	if (strchr(s, 'a'))
		AddAcl(aclbuf, "INSERT");

	if (strchr(s, 'w'))
		AddAcl(aclbuf, "UPDATE,DELETE");

	if (strchr(s, 'r'))
		AddAcl(aclbuf, "SELECT");

	if (strchr(s, 'R'))
		AddAcl(aclbuf, "RULE");

	/* Special-case when they're all there */
	if (strcmp(aclbuf, "INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,SELECT,RULE") == 0)
		return strdup("ALL");

	return strdup(aclbuf);
}

/*
 * The name says it all; a function to append a string is the dest 
 * is big enough. If not, it does a realloc.
 */
static void strcatalloc(char **dest, int *dSize, char *src)
{
    int dLen = strlen(*dest);
    int sLen = strlen(src);
    if ( (dLen + sLen) >= *dSize) {
	*dSize = (dLen + sLen) * 2;
	*dest = realloc(*dest, *dSize);
    }
    strcpy(*dest + dLen, src);
} 


/*
 * dumpACL:
 *	  Write out grant/revoke information
 *	  Called for sequences and tables
 */

static void
dumpACL(Archive *fout, TableInfo tbinfo)
{
	const char 	*acls = tbinfo.relacl;
	char	   	*aclbuf,
			   *tok,
			   *eqpos,
			   *priv;
	char		*sql;
	char		tmp[1024];
	int		sSize = 4096;

	if (strlen(acls) == 0)
		return;					/* table has default permissions */

	/*
	 * Allocate a larginsh buffer for the output SQL.
	 */
	sql = (char*)malloc(sSize);

	/*
	 * Revoke Default permissions for PUBLIC. Is this actually necessary,
	 * or is it just a waste of time?
	 */
	sprintf(sql,	"REVOKE ALL on %s from PUBLIC;\n",
			fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));

	/* Make a working copy of acls so we can use strtok */
	aclbuf = strdup(acls);

	/* Scan comma-separated ACL items */
	for (tok = strtok(aclbuf, ","); tok != NULL; tok = strtok(NULL, ","))
	{

		/*
		 * Token may start with '{' and/or '"'.  Actually only the start
		 * of the string should have '{', but we don't verify that.
		 */
		if (*tok == '{')
			tok++;
		if (*tok == '"')
			tok++;

		/* User name is string up to = in tok */
		eqpos = strchr(tok, '=');
		if (!eqpos)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "Could not parse ACL list ('%s') for '%s'...Exiting!\n",
					acls, tbinfo.relname);
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		/*
		 * Parse the privileges (right-hand side).	Skip if there are
		 * none.
		 */
		priv = GetPrivileges(eqpos + 1);
		if (*priv)
		{
			sprintf(tmp,	"GRANT %s on %s to ",
					priv, fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));
			strcatalloc(&sql, &sSize, tmp);

			/*
			 * Note: fmtId() can only be called once per printf, so don't
			 * try to merge printing of username into the above printf.
			 */
			if (eqpos == tok)
			{
				/* Empty left-hand side means "PUBLIC" */
				strcatalloc(&sql, &sSize, "PUBLIC;\n");
			}
			else
			{
				*eqpos = '\0';	/* it's ok to clobber aclbuf */
				if (strncmp(tok, "group ", strlen("group ")) == 0)
					sprintf(tmp, "GROUP %s;\n",
							fmtId(tok + strlen("group "), force_quotes));
				else
					sprintf(tmp, "%s;\n", fmtId(tok, force_quotes));
				strcatalloc(&sql, &sSize, tmp);
			}
		}
		free(priv);
	}

	free(aclbuf);

	ArchiveEntry(fout, tbinfo.oid, tbinfo.relname, "ACL", NULL, sql, "", "", "", NULL, NULL);

}


/*
 * dumpTables:
 *	  write out to fout all the user-define tables
 */

void
dumpTables(Archive *fout, TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables,
		   IndInfo *indinfo, int numIndices,
		   InhInfo *inhinfo, int numInherits,
		   TypeInfo *tinfo, int numTypes, const char *tablename,
		   const bool aclsSkip, const bool oids,
		   const bool schemaOnly, const bool dataOnly)
{
	int			i,
				j,
				k;
	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delq = createPQExpBuffer();
	char	   *serialSeq = NULL;		/* implicit sequence name created
										 * by SERIAL datatype */
	const char *serialSeqSuffix = "_id_seq";	/* suffix for implicit
												 * SERIAL sequences */
	char	  **parentRels;		/* list of names of parent relations */
	int			numParents;
	int			actual_atts;	/* number of attrs in this CREATE statment */
	char	   *reltypename;

	/* First - dump SEQUENCEs */
	if (tablename && strlen(tablename) > 0)
	{
		serialSeq = malloc(strlen(tablename) + strlen(serialSeqSuffix) + 1);
		strcpy(serialSeq, tablename);
		strcat(serialSeq, serialSeqSuffix);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
	{
		if (!(tblinfo[i].sequence))
			continue;
		if (!tablename || (!strcmp(tblinfo[i].relname, tablename))
			|| (serialSeq && !strcmp(tblinfo[i].relname, serialSeq)))
		{
			/* becomeUser(fout, tblinfo[i].usename); */
			dumpSequence(fout, tblinfo[i]);
			if (!aclsSkip)
				dumpACL(fout, tblinfo[i]);
		}
	}
	if (tablename)
		free(serialSeq);

	for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
	{
		if (tblinfo[i].sequence)/* already dumped */
			continue;

		if (!tablename || (!strcmp(tblinfo[i].relname, tablename)) || (strlen(tablename) == 0))
		{

			resetPQExpBuffer(delq);
			resetPQExpBuffer(q);

			/* Use the view definition if there is one */
			if (tblinfo[i].viewdef != NULL)
			{
				reltypename = "VIEW";

				appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP VIEW %s;\n", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "CREATE VIEW %s as %s", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes), tblinfo[i].viewdef);

			}
			else
			{
				reltypename = "TABLE";

				parentRels = tblinfo[i].parentRels;
				numParents = tblinfo[i].numParents;

				appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP TABLE %s;\n", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));

				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "CREATE TABLE %s (\n\t", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));
				actual_atts = 0;
				for (j = 0; j < tblinfo[i].numatts; j++)
				{
					/* Is this one of the table's own attrs ? */
					if (tblinfo[i].inhAttrs[j] == 0)
					{
						/* Format properly if not first attr */
						if (actual_atts > 0)
							appendPQExpBuffer(q, ",\n\t");

						/* Attr name & type */
						appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s %s",
							fmtId(tblinfo[i].attnames[j], force_quotes),
							tblinfo[i].atttypedefns[j]);

						/* Default value */
						if (tblinfo[i].adef_expr[j] != NULL)
							appendPQExpBuffer(q, " DEFAULT %s",
										  tblinfo[i].adef_expr[j]);

						/* Not Null constraint */
						if (tblinfo[i].notnull[j])
							appendPQExpBuffer(q, " NOT NULL");

						actual_atts++;
					}
				}



				/* put the CONSTRAINTS inside the table def */
				for (k = 0; k < tblinfo[i].ncheck; k++)
				{
					if (actual_atts + k > 0)
						appendPQExpBuffer(q, ",\n\t");

					appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s",
								  tblinfo[i].check_expr[k]);
				}

				/* Primary Key */
				if (tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid != NULL)
				{
					PQExpBuffer	consDef;

					/* Find the corresponding index */
					for (k = 0; k < numIndices; k++)
					{
						if (strcmp(indinfo[k].oid, tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid) == 0) 
							break;
					}

					if (k >= numIndices)
					{
						fprintf(stderr, "dumpTables(): failed sanity check, could not find index (%s) for PK constraint\n",
									tblinfo[i].pkIndexOid);
						exit_nicely(g_conn);
					}

					consDef = getPKconstraint(&tblinfo[i], &indinfo[k]);

					if ( (actual_atts + tblinfo[i].ncheck) > 0)
						appendPQExpBuffer(q, ",\n\t");

					appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s", consDef->data);

					destroyPQExpBuffer(consDef);
				}


				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "\n)");

				if (numParents > 0)
				{
					appendPQExpBuffer(q, "\ninherits (");
					for (k = 0; k < numParents; k++)
					{
						appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s%s",
									  (k > 0) ? ", " : "",
									  fmtId(parentRels[k], force_quotes));
					}
					appendPQExpBuffer(q, ")");
				}

				appendPQExpBuffer(q, ";\n");
			}

			if (!dataOnly) {

				ArchiveEntry(fout, tblinfo[i].oid, fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, false),
								reltypename, NULL, q->data, delq->data, "", tblinfo[i].usename,
								NULL, NULL);

				if (!aclsSkip)
					dumpACL(fout, tblinfo[i]);

			}

			/* Dump Field Comments */

			for (j = 0; j < tblinfo[i].numatts; j++)
			{
				resetPQExpBuffer(q);
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "COLUMN %s", fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, ".");
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s", fmtId(tblinfo[i].attnames[j], force_quotes));
				dumpComment(fout, q->data, tblinfo[i].attoids[j]);
			}

			/* Dump Table Comments */

			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "%s %s", reltypename, fmtId(tblinfo[i].relname, force_quotes));
			dumpComment(fout, q->data, tblinfo[i].oid);

		}
	}
}

static PQExpBuffer getPKconstraint(TableInfo *tblInfo, IndInfo *indInfo)
{
	PQExpBuffer 	pkBuf = createPQExpBuffer();
	int				k;
	int				indkey;

   	resetPQExpBuffer(pkBuf);

	appendPQExpBuffer(pkBuf, "Constraint %s Primary Key (",
						tblInfo->primary_key_name);


	for (k = 0; k < INDEX_MAX_KEYS; k++)
	{
		char	   *attname;

		indkey = atoi(indInfo->indkey[k]);
		if (indkey == InvalidAttrNumber)
			break;
		indkey--;
		if (indkey == ObjectIdAttributeNumber - 1)
			attname = "oid";
		else
			attname = tblInfo->attnames[indkey];

		appendPQExpBuffer(pkBuf, "%s%s",
							(k == 0) ? "" : ", ", 
							fmtId(attname, force_quotes));
	}

	appendPQExpBuffer(pkBuf, ")");

	return pkBuf;
}

/*
 * dumpIndices:
 *	  write out to fout all the user-define indices
 */
void
dumpIndices(Archive *fout, IndInfo *indinfo, int numIndices,
			TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables, const char *tablename)
{
	int			i,
				k;
	int			tableInd;
	PQExpBuffer attlist = createPQExpBuffer();
	char	   *classname[INDEX_MAX_KEYS];
	char	   *funcname;		/* the name of the function to comput the
								 * index key from */
	int			indkey,
				indclass;
	int			nclass;

	PQExpBuffer q = createPQExpBuffer(),
				delq = createPQExpBuffer(),
				id1 = createPQExpBuffer(),
				id2 = createPQExpBuffer();
	PGresult   *res;

	for (i = 0; i < numIndices; i++)
	{
		tableInd = findTableByName(tblinfo, numTables,
								   indinfo[i].indrelname);
		if (tableInd < 0)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "failed sanity check, table %s was not found\n",
					indinfo[i].indrelname);
			exit(1);
		}

		/* Handle PK indexes */
		if (strcmp(indinfo[i].indisprimary, "t") == 0)
		{
/*
 *			***PK: Enable this code when ALTER TABLE supports PK constraints. ***
 *
 *			PQExpBuffer	consDef = getPKconstraint(&tblinfo[tableInd], &indinfo[i]);
 *
 *			resetPQExpBuffer(attlist);
 *
 *			appendPQExpBuffer(attlist, "Alter Table %s Add %s;", 
 *								fmtId(tblinfo[tableInd].relname, force_quotes),
 *								consDef->data);
 *
 *			ArchiveEntry(fout, indinfo[i].oid, tblinfo[tableInd].primary_key_name, "CONSTRAINT", NULL, 
 *							attlist->data, "",
 *							"", tblinfo[tableInd].usename, NULL, NULL);
 *
 *			destroyPQExpBuffer(consDef);
 */
			/* Don't need to do anything else for this system-generated index */
			continue;
		}


		if (strcmp(indinfo[i].indproc, "0") == 0)
			funcname = NULL;
		else
		{
			int		numFuncs;

			/*
			 * the funcname is an oid which we use to find the name of the
			 * pg_proc.  We need to do this because getFuncs() only reads
			 * in the user-defined funcs not all the funcs.  We might not
			 * find what we want by looking in FuncInfo*
			 */
			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q,
							  "SELECT proname from pg_proc "
							  "where pg_proc.oid = '%s'::oid",
							  indinfo[i].indproc);
			res = PQexec(g_conn, q->data);
			if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): SELECT (funcname) failed.  "
						"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			/* Sanity: Check we got only one tuple */
			numFuncs = PQntuples(res);
			if (numFuncs != 1) {
				fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): SELECT (funcname) for index %s returned %d tuples. Expected 1.\n", 
								indinfo[i].indrelname, numFuncs);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			funcname = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, 0, PQfnumber(res, "proname")));
			PQclear(res);
		}

		/* convert opclass oid(s) into names */
		for (nclass = 0; nclass < INDEX_MAX_KEYS; nclass++)
		{
			int		numRows;

			indclass = atoi(indinfo[i].indclass[nclass]);
			if (indclass == 0)
				break;
			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q,
							  "SELECT opcname from pg_opclass "
							  "where pg_opclass.oid = '%u'::oid",
							  indclass);
			res = PQexec(g_conn, q->data);
			if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
			{
				fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): SELECT (classname) failed.  "
									"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			/* Sanity: Check we got only one tuple */
			numRows = PQntuples(res);
			if (numRows != 1) {
				fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): SELECT (classname) for index %s returned %d tuples. Expected 1.\n", 
									indinfo[i].indrelname, numRows);
				exit_nicely(g_conn);
			}

			classname[nclass] = strdup(PQgetvalue(res, 0, PQfnumber(res, "opcname")));
			PQclear(res);
		}

		if (funcname && nclass != 1)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): Must be exactly one OpClass "
					"for functional index %s\n", indinfo[i].indexrelname);
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		/* convert attribute numbers into attribute list */
		resetPQExpBuffer(attlist);
		for (k = 0; k < INDEX_MAX_KEYS; k++)
		{
			char	   *attname;

			indkey = atoi(indinfo[i].indkey[k]);
			if (indkey == InvalidAttrNumber)
				break;
			indkey--;
			if (indkey == ObjectIdAttributeNumber - 1)
				attname = "oid";
			else
				attname = tblinfo[tableInd].attnames[indkey];
			if (funcname)
				appendPQExpBuffer(attlist, "%s%s",
					 (k == 0) ? "" : ", ", fmtId(attname, force_quotes));
			else
			{
				if (k >= nclass)
				{
					fprintf(stderr, "dumpIndices(): OpClass not found for "
							"attribute '%s' of index '%s'\n",
							attname, indinfo[i].indexrelname);
					exit_nicely(g_conn);
				}
				resetPQExpBuffer(id1);
				resetPQExpBuffer(id2);
				appendPQExpBuffer(id1, fmtId(attname, force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(id2, fmtId(classname[k], force_quotes));
				appendPQExpBuffer(attlist, "%s%s %s",
							 (k == 0) ? "" : ", ", id1->data, id2->data);
				free(classname[k]);
			}
		}

		if (!tablename || (strcmp(indinfo[i].indrelname, tablename) == 0) || (strlen(tablename) == 0) )
		{

			/*
			 * We make the index belong to the owner of its table, which
			 * is not necessarily right but should answer 99% of the time.
			 * Would have to add owner name to IndInfo to do it right.
			 */

			resetPQExpBuffer(id1);
			resetPQExpBuffer(id2);
			appendPQExpBuffer(id1, fmtId(indinfo[i].indexrelname, force_quotes));
			appendPQExpBuffer(id2, fmtId(indinfo[i].indrelname, force_quotes));

			resetPQExpBuffer(delq);
			appendPQExpBuffer(delq, "DROP INDEX %s;\n", id1->data);

			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "CREATE %s INDEX %s on %s using %s (",
					(strcmp(indinfo[i].indisunique, "t") == 0) ? "UNIQUE" : "",
					id1->data,
					id2->data,
					indinfo[i].indamname);
			if (funcname)
			{
				/* need 2 printf's here cuz fmtId has static return area */
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, " %s", fmtId(funcname, false));
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, " (%s) %s );\n", attlist->data, 
									fmtId(classname[0], force_quotes));
				free(funcname);
				free(classname[0]);
			}
			else
				appendPQExpBuffer(q, " %s );\n", attlist->data);

			/* Dump Index Comments */

			ArchiveEntry(fout, tblinfo[tableInd].oid, id1->data, "INDEX", NULL, q->data, delq->data,
							"", tblinfo[tableInd].usename, NULL, NULL);

			resetPQExpBuffer(q);
			appendPQExpBuffer(q, "INDEX %s", id1->data);
			dumpComment(fout, q->data, indinfo[i].indoid);

		}
	}

}

/*
 * dumpTuples
 *	  prints out the tuples in ASCII representation. The output is a valid
 *	  input to COPY FROM stdin.
 *
 *	  We only need to do this for POSTGRES 4.2 databases since the
 *	  COPY TO statment doesn't escape newlines properly. It's been fixed
 *	  in PostgreSQL.
 *
 * the attrmap passed in tells how to map the attributes copied in to the
 * attributes copied out
 */
#ifdef NOT_USED
void
dumpTuples(PGresult *res, FILE *fout, int *attrmap)
{
	int			j,
				k;
	int			m,
				n;
	char	  **outVals = NULL; /* values to copy out */

	n = PQntuples(res);
	m = PQnfields(res);

	if (m > 0)
	{

		/*
		 * Print out the tuples but only print tuples with at least 1
		 * field.
		 */
		outVals = (char **) malloc(m * sizeof(char *));

		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
		{
			for (k = 0; k < m; k++)
				outVals[attrmap[k]] = PQgetvalue(res, j, k);
			for (k = 0; k < m; k++)
			{
				char	   *pval = outVals[k];

				if (k != 0)
					fputc('\t', fout);	/* delimiter for attribute */

				if (pval)
				{
					while (*pval != '\0')
					{
						/* escape tabs, newlines and backslashes */
						if (*pval == '\t' || *pval == '\n' || *pval == '\\')
							fputc('\\', fout);
						fputc(*pval, fout);
						pval++;
					}
				}
			}
			fputc('\n', fout);	/* delimiter for a tuple */
		}
		free(outVals);
	}
}

#endif

/*
 * setMaxOid -
 * find the maximum oid and generate a COPY statement to set it
*/

static void
setMaxOid(Archive *fout)
{
	PGresult   	*res;
	Oid		max_oid;
	char		sql[1024];
	int		pos;

	res = PQexec(g_conn, "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE pgdump_oid (dummy int4)");
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Can not create pgdump_oid table.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	PQclear(res);
	res = PQexec(g_conn, "INSERT INTO pgdump_oid VALUES (0)");
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Can not insert into pgdump_oid table.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	max_oid = atol(PQoidStatus(res));
	if (max_oid == 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid max id in setMaxOid\n");
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	PQclear(res);
	res = PQexec(g_conn, "DROP TABLE pgdump_oid;");
	if (!res ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Can not drop pgdump_oid table.  "
							"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	PQclear(res);
	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s maximum system oid is %u %s\n",
				g_comment_start, max_oid, g_comment_end);
	pos = snprintf(sql, 1024, "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE pgdump_oid (dummy int4);\n");
	pos = pos + snprintf(sql+pos, 1024-pos, "COPY pgdump_oid WITH OIDS FROM stdin;\n");
	pos = pos + snprintf(sql+pos, 1024-pos, "%-d\t0\n", max_oid);
	pos = pos + snprintf(sql+pos, 1024-pos, "\\.\n");
	pos = pos + snprintf(sql+pos, 1024-pos, "DROP TABLE pgdump_oid;\n");

	ArchiveEntry(fout, "0", "Max OID", "<Init>", NULL, sql, "", "", "", NULL, NULL);
}

/*
 * findLastBuiltInOid -
 * find the last built in oid
 * we do this by retrieving datlastsysoid from the pg_database entry for this database,
 */

static Oid
findLastBuiltinOid(const char* dbname)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			ntups;
	Oid			last_oid;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();

	resetPQExpBuffer(query);
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT datlastsysoid from pg_database where datname = ");
	formatStringLiteral(query, dbname);

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (res == NULL ||
		PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "pg_dump: error in finding the last system OID");
		fprintf(stderr, "Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	ntups = PQntuples(res);
	if (ntups < 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "pg_dump: couldn't find the pg_database entry.\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "There is no entry in the 'pg_database' table for this database.\n");
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	if (ntups > 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "pg_dump: found more than one matching database.\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "There is more than one entry for this database in the 'pg_database' table\n");
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}
	last_oid = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, PQfnumber(res, "datlastsysoid")));
	PQclear(res);
	return last_oid;
}


static void
dumpSequence(Archive *fout, TableInfo tbinfo)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int4		last,
				incby,
				maxv,
				minv,
				cache;
	char		cycled,
				called;
	const char *t;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();
	PQExpBuffer delqry = createPQExpBuffer();

	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
			"SELECT sequence_name, last_value, increment_by, max_value, "
				  "min_value, cache_value, is_cycled, is_called from %s",
					  fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));

	res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
	if (!res || PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpSequence(%s): SELECT failed.  "
					"Explanation from backend: '%s'.\n", tbinfo.relname, PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	if (PQntuples(res) != 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpSequence(%s): %d (!= 1) tuples returned by SELECT\n",
				tbinfo.relname, PQntuples(res));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}

	if (strcmp(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0), tbinfo.relname) != 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "dumpSequence(%s): different sequence name "
				"returned by SELECT: %s\n",
				tbinfo.relname, PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0));
		exit_nicely(g_conn);
	}


	last = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 1));
	incby = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 2));
	maxv = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 3));
	minv = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 4));
	cache = atoi(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 5));
	t = PQgetvalue(res, 0, 6);
	cycled = *t;
	t = PQgetvalue(res, 0, 7);
	called = *t;

	PQclear(res);

	resetPQExpBuffer(delqry);
	appendPQExpBuffer(delqry, "DROP SEQUENCE %s;\n", fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));

	/*
	 * The logic we use for restoring sequences is as follows:
	 *		- 	Add a basic CREATE SEQUENCE statement 
	 *			(use last_val for start if called == 'f', else use min_val for start_val).
	 *		-	Add a 'SETVAL(seq, last_val, iscalled)' at restore-time iff we load data
	 */
	resetPQExpBuffer(query);
	appendPQExpBuffer(query,
				  "CREATE SEQUENCE %s start %d increment %d maxvalue %d "
					  "minvalue %d  cache %d %s;\n",
					fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes), 
					  (called == 't') ? minv : last,
					  incby, maxv, minv, cache,
					  (cycled == 't') ? "cycle" : "");

	ArchiveEntry(fout, tbinfo.oid, fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes), "SEQUENCE", NULL,
					query->data, delqry->data, "", tbinfo.usename, NULL, NULL);


	resetPQExpBuffer(query);
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT setval (");
	formatStringLiteral(query, fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, ", %d, '%c');\n", last, called);

	ArchiveEntry(fout, tbinfo.oid, fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes), "SEQUENCE SET", NULL,
					query->data, "" /* Del */, "", "", NULL, NULL);

	/* Dump Sequence Comments */

	resetPQExpBuffer(query);
	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SEQUENCE %s", fmtId(tbinfo.relname, force_quotes));
	dumpComment(fout, query->data, tbinfo.oid);

}


static void
dumpTriggers(Archive *fout, const char *tablename,
			 TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables)
{
	int			i,
				j;

	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s dumping out triggers %s\n",
				g_comment_start, g_comment_end);

	for (i = 0; i < numTables; i++)
	{
		if (tablename && (strcmp(tblinfo[i].relname, tablename) != 0) && (strlen(tablename) > 0) )
			continue;

		for (j = 0; j < tblinfo[i].ntrig; j++)
		{
			ArchiveEntry(fout, tblinfo[i].triggers[j].oid, tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgname,
						"TRIGGER", NULL, tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgsrc, "", "", 
						tblinfo[i].usename, NULL, NULL);
			dumpComment(fout, tblinfo[i].triggers[j].tgcomment, tblinfo[i].triggers[j].oid);
		}
	}
}


static void
dumpRules(Archive *fout, const char *tablename,
		  TableInfo *tblinfo, int numTables)
{
	PGresult   *res;
	int			nrules;
	int			i,
				t;
	PQExpBuffer query = createPQExpBuffer();

	int			i_definition;
	int			i_oid;
	int			i_owner;
	int			i_rulename;

	if (g_verbose)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s dumping out rules %s\n",
				g_comment_start, g_comment_end);

	/*
	 * For each table we dump
	 */
	for (t = 0; t < numTables; t++)
	{
		if (tablename && (strcmp(tblinfo[t].relname, tablename) != 0) && (strlen(tablename) > 0) )
			continue;

		/*
		 * Get all rules defined for this table
		 * We include pg_rules in the cross since it filters out
		 * all view rules (pjw 15-Sep-2000).
		 */
		resetPQExpBuffer(query);
		appendPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT definition,"
						  "   (select usename from pg_user where pg_class.relowner = usesysid) AS viewowner, "
						  "   pg_rewrite.oid, pg_rewrite.rulename "
						  "FROM pg_rewrite, pg_class, pg_rules "
						  "WHERE pg_class.relname = ");
		formatStringLiteral(query, tblinfo[t].relname);
		appendPQExpBuffer(query,
						  "    AND pg_rewrite.ev_class = pg_class.oid "
						  "    AND pg_rules.tablename = pg_class.relname "
						  "    AND pg_rules.rulename = pg_rewrite.rulename "
						  "ORDER BY pg_rewrite.oid");
		res = PQexec(g_conn, query->data);
		if (!res ||
			PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "dumpRules(): SELECT failed for rules associated with table \"%s\".\n\tExplanation from backend: '%s'.\n",
					tblinfo[t].relname, PQerrorMessage(g_conn));
			exit_nicely(g_conn);
		}

		nrules = PQntuples(res);
		i_definition = PQfnumber(res, "definition");
		i_owner = PQfnumber(res, "viewowner");
		i_oid = PQfnumber(res, "oid");
		i_rulename = PQfnumber(res, "rulename");

		/*
		 * Dump them out
		 */

		for (i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
		{
			ArchiveEntry(fout, PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid), PQgetvalue(res, i, i_rulename),
							"RULE", NULL, PQgetvalue(res, i, i_definition),
							"", "", PQgetvalue(res, i, i_owner), NULL, NULL);

			/* Dump rule comments */

			resetPQExpBuffer(query);
			appendPQExpBuffer(query, "RULE %s", fmtId(PQgetvalue(res, i, i_rulename), force_quotes));
			dumpComment(fout, query->data, PQgetvalue(res, i, i_oid));

		}

		PQclear(res);
	}
}