[FLINK-5867] [flip-1] Support restarting only pipelined sub-regions of the ExecutionGraph on task failure

This closes #3822

This closes #3828

This preserves old config keys as deprecated keys where the key was already present
in an earlier release.

This also re-arranges config options to form logical sections in the file
and harmonized JavaDoc formatting style.

'lshift(...)' is not defined by default in some commonly used awk versions.

Instead, allow the configuration with the following three new (more flexible)
parameters:
 * "taskmanager.network.memory.fraction": fraction of JVM memory to use for network buffers (default: 0.1)
 * "taskmanager.network.memory.min": minimum memory size for network buffers (default: 64 MB)
 * "taskmanager.network.memory.max": maximum memory size for network buffers (default: 1 GB)

This closes #3721

This closes #3646.

This closes #3808.

NOT patterns are not yet supported when an OPTIONAL
pattern directly preceeds a NOT. In these cases, an
exception is thrown that proposes an alternative
(but not the most efficient) way to support these
patterns.

This closes #3692.

This closes #3648.

The AsyncWaitOperator should not only react to orderly completed
StreamElementQueueEntries but also to those completed with a user exception
or those which timed out.

This PR fixes the problem by calling the onComplete function passed to
StreamElementQueueEntry#onComplete also in the exceptional case.

This closes #3814.

Remove client less factory methods from ZooKeeperUtils

Introduce default job id

This closes #3781.

This PR introduces a standalone high availability services implementation which can be used
in a distributed setting with no HA guarantees. Additionally, it introduces a common base
class which is also used by the EmbeddedHaServices. This base class instantiates the
standalone variants of the checkpoint recovery factory, submitted job graphs store, running
jobs registry and blob store.

The StandaloneHaServices are instantiated with a fixed address for the Job- and
ResourceManager. This address and the HighAvailability.DEFAULT_LEADER_ID is returned by
the corresponding LeaderRetrievalServices when being started.

This closes #3622.

This closes #3604

This closes #3809.

This closes #3741.

This closes #3769.

This closes #3709.