[mono] Stop first pass exception handling when exiting the interpreter in llvmonly mode. (#50007)

* [mono] Add a FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY frame type to the unwinder, it marks the location where execution transfers
to the interpreter.

* [mono] Stop first pass exception handling when exiting the interpreter in llvmonly mode.

Otherwise, you could end up with the following situation:
- [1] interpreted frame
- [2] AOTed frame catching the exception
- [3] interpreted frame catching the same exception

The EH code would think frame [3] caught the exception, setting up interpreter state for
resuming there, but frame [2] would catch the exception, so the exception state in
the interpreter would not be cleared, leading to an assert in interp_entry ().

Fixes https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/47334.

src/mono/mono/metadata/loader.c

@@ -1670,6 +1670,7 @@ stack_walk_adapter (MonoStackFrameInfo *frame, MonoContext *ctx, gpointer data)
 	case FRAME_TYPE_TRAMPOLINE:
 	case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED:
 	case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED_WITH_CTX:
+	case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY:
 		return FALSE;
 	case FRAME_TYPE_MANAGED:
 	case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP:

src/mono/mono/mini/mini-exceptions.c

@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ unwinder_unwind_frame (Unwinder *unwinder,
 		}
 
 		if (!unwinder->in_interp)
-			return unwinder_unwind_frame (unwinder, jit_tls, prev_ji, ctx, new_ctx, trace, lmf, save_locations, frame);
+			frame->type = FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY;
 		return TRUE;
 	} else {
 		gboolean res = mono_find_jit_info_ext (jit_tls, prev_ji, ctx, new_ctx, trace, lmf,
@@ -1874,6 +1874,7 @@ ves_icall_get_frame_info (gint32 skip, MonoBoolean need_file_info,
 			case FRAME_TYPE_TRAMPOLINE:
 			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED:
 			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED_WITH_CTX:
+			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY:
 				continue;
 			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP:
 			case FRAME_TYPE_MANAGED:
@@ -2280,6 +2281,15 @@ handle_exception_first_pass (MonoContext *ctx, MonoObject *obj, gint32 *out_filt
 		case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED_WITH_CTX:
 			*ctx = new_ctx;
 			continue;
+		case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY:
+			if (mono_aot_mode == MONO_AOT_MODE_LLVMONLY_INTERP)
+				/*
+				 * There might be AOTed frames above the intepreted frames which can handle the exception,
+				 * so stop first pass, the caller will rethrow the exception, starting the process again.
+				 */
+				return MONO_FIRST_PASS_UNHANDLED;
+			*ctx = new_ctx;
+			continue;
 		case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP:
 		case FRAME_TYPE_MANAGED:
 			break;
@@ -2734,6 +2744,7 @@ mono_handle_exception_internal (MonoContext *ctx, MonoObject *obj, gboolean resu
 			case FRAME_TYPE_MANAGED_TO_NATIVE:
 			case FRAME_TYPE_TRAMPOLINE:
 			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED_WITH_CTX:
+			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY:
 				*ctx = new_ctx;
 				continue;
 			case FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED:

src/mono/mono/utils/mono-stack-unwinding.h

@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@ typedef enum {
 	FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED = 5,
 	/* same, but with MonoContext */
 	FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_TO_MANAGED_WITH_CTX = 6,
-	FRAME_TYPE_NUM = 7
+	/* Frame for transitioning to interpreted code */
+	FRAME_TYPE_INTERP_ENTRY = 7,
+	FRAME_TYPE_NUM = 8
 } MonoStackFrameType;
 
 typedef enum {