Implement CryptoConfig.CreateFromName() for wasm (#51750)

Hardcodes the mapping for the SHA* hashes supported on WebAssembly from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.security.cryptography.cryptoconfig?view=net-5.0#remarks

Fixes https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/44996

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/ref/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.cs

@@ -101,13 +101,17 @@ public partial class CryptoConfig
     {
         public CryptoConfig() { }
         public static bool AllowOnlyFipsAlgorithms { get { throw null; } }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatformAttribute("browser")]
         public static void AddAlgorithm(System.Type algorithm, params string[] names) { }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatformAttribute("browser")]
         public static void AddOID(string oid, params string[] names) { }
         [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.RequiresUnreferencedCodeAttribute("The default algorithm implementations might be removed, use strong type references like 'RSA.Create()' instead.")]
         public static object? CreateFromName(string name) { throw null; }
         [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.RequiresUnreferencedCodeAttribute("The default algorithm implementations might be removed, use strong type references like 'RSA.Create()' instead.")]
         public static object? CreateFromName(string name, params object?[]? args) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatformAttribute("browser")]
         public static byte[] EncodeOID(string str) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatformAttribute("browser")]
         public static string? MapNameToOID(string name) { throw null; }
     }
     [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatformAttribute("browser")]

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/src/ExcludeApiList.PNSE.Browser.txt

+T:System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoConfig
 T:System.Security.Cryptography.RandomNumberGenerator
 T:System.Security.Cryptography.IncrementalHash
 T:System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/src/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.csproj

@@ -675,6 +675,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Internal\Cryptography\RandomNumberGeneratorImplementation.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Internal\Cryptography\RandomNumberGeneratorImplementation.Browser.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Internal\Cryptography\SHAHashProvider.Browser.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="System\Security\Cryptography\CryptoConfig.Browser.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Security\Cryptography\RandomNumberGenerator.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Security\Cryptography\IncrementalHash.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Security\Cryptography\SHA1.cs" />

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/src/System/Security/Cryptography/CryptoConfig.Browser.cs

+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace System.Security.Cryptography
+{
+    public partial class CryptoConfig
+    {
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        public static void AddAlgorithm(Type algorithm, params string[] names) => throw new PlatformNotSupportedException(SR.SystemSecurityCryptographyAlgorithms_PlatformNotSupported);
+
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        public static void AddOID(string oid, params string[] names) => throw new PlatformNotSupportedException(SR.SystemSecurityCryptographyAlgorithms_PlatformNotSupported);
+
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        public static string? MapNameToOID(string name) => throw new PlatformNotSupportedException(SR.SystemSecurityCryptographyAlgorithms_PlatformNotSupported);
+
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        public static byte[] EncodeOID(string str) => throw new PlatformNotSupportedException(SR.SystemSecurityCryptographyAlgorithms_PlatformNotSupported);
+
+        [RequiresUnreferencedCode("The default algorithm implementations might be removed, use strong type references like 'RSA.Create()' instead.")]
+        public static object? CreateFromName(string name, params object?[]? args)
+        {
+            if (name == null)
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
+
+            switch (name)
+            {
+                // hardcode mapping for SHA* algorithm names from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.security.cryptography.cryptoconfig?view=net-5.0#remarks
+                case "SHA":
+                case "SHA1":
+                case "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1":
+                    return new SHA1Managed();
+                case "SHA256":
+                case "SHA-256":
+                case "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256":
+                    return new SHA256Managed();
+                case "SHA384":
+                case "SHA-384":
+                case "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384":
+                    return new SHA384Managed();
+                case "SHA512":
+                case "SHA-512":
+                case "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512":
+                    return new SHA512Managed();
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        [RequiresUnreferencedCode(CreateFromNameUnreferencedCodeMessage)]
+        public static object? CreateFromName(string name)
+        {
+            return CreateFromName(name, null);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/src/System/Security/Cryptography/CryptoConfig.Common.cs

@@ -6,5 +6,8 @@ namespace System.Security.Cryptography
     public partial class CryptoConfig
     {
         internal const string CreateFromNameUnreferencedCodeMessage = "The default algorithm implementations might be removed, use strong type references like 'RSA.Create()' instead.";
+
+        // .NET Core does not support AllowOnlyFipsAlgorithms
+        public static bool AllowOnlyFipsAlgorithms => false;
     }
 }

src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms/src/System/Security/Cryptography/CryptoConfig.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 
 namespace System.Security.Cryptography
 {
@@ -37,9 +38,6 @@ public partial class CryptoConfig
         private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, Type> appNameHT = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Type>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
         private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, string> appOidHT = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 
-        // .NET Core does not support AllowOnlyFipsAlgorithms
-        public static bool AllowOnlyFipsAlgorithms => false;
-
         private static Dictionary<string, string> DefaultOidHT
         {
             get
@@ -294,6 +292,7 @@ public partial class CryptoConfig
             }
         }
 
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
         public static void AddAlgorithm(Type algorithm, params string[] names)
         {
             if (algorithm == null)
@@ -450,6 +449,7 @@ public static void AddAlgorithm(Type algorithm, params string[] names)
             return CreateFromName(name, null);
         }
 
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
         public static void AddOID(string oid, params string[] names)
         {
             if (oid == null)
@@ -477,6 +477,7 @@ public static void AddOID(string oid, params string[] names)
             }
         }
 
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
         public static string? MapNameToOID(string name)
         {
             if (name == null)
@@ -497,6 +498,7 @@ public static void AddOID(string oid, params string[] names)
             return oidName;
         }
 
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
         public static byte[] EncodeOID(string str)
         {
             if (str == null)