Merge pull request #14466 from dotnet/merges/main-to-release/dev17.5

Merge main to release/dev17.5

src/Compiler/Checking/CheckFormatStrings.fs

@@ -48,6 +48,13 @@ let newInfo () =
     addZeros       = false
     precision      = false}
 
+let escapeDotnetFormatString str =
+    str
+    // We need to double '{' and '}', because even if they were escaped in the
+    // original string, extra curly braces were stripped away by the F# lexer.
+    |> Seq.collect (fun x -> if x = '{' || x = '}' then [x;x] else [x])
+    |> System.String.Concat
+
 let parseFormatStringInternal
         (m: range)
         (fragRanges: range list)
@@ -55,7 +62,7 @@ let parseFormatStringInternal
         isInterpolated
         isFormattableString
         (context: FormatStringCheckContext option)
-        fmt
+        (fmt: string)
         printerArgTy
         printerResidueTy = 
 
@@ -86,6 +93,8 @@ let parseFormatStringInternal
     // there are no accurate intra-string ranges available for exact error message locations within the string.
     // The 'm' range passed as an input is however accurate and covers the whole string.
     //
+    let escapeFormatStringEnabled = g.langVersion.SupportsFeature Features.LanguageFeature.EscapeDotnetFormattableStrings
+
     let fmt, fragments = 
 
         //printfn "--------------------" 
@@ -175,7 +184,7 @@ let parseFormatStringInternal
         | _ -> 
             // Don't muck with the fmt when there is no source code context to go get the original
             // source code (i.e. when compiling or background checking)
-            fmt, [ (0, 1, m) ]
+            (if escapeFormatStringEnabled then escapeDotnetFormatString fmt else fmt), [ (0, 1, m) ]
 
     let len = fmt.Length
 

src/Compiler/FSComp.txt

@@ -1662,3 +1662,4 @@ reprStateMachineInvalidForm,"The state machine has an unexpected form"
 3548,matchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData,"Pattern discard is not allowed for union case that takes no data."
 3549,tcSynTypeOrInvalidInDeclaration,"SynType.Or is not permitted in this declaration"
 3550,chkDuplicatedMethodParameter,"Duplicate parameter. The parameter '%s' has been used more that once in this method."
+featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString,"Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString"
\ No newline at end of file

src/Compiler/Facilities/LanguageFeatures.fs

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ type LanguageFeature =
     | MatchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData
     | CSharpExtensionAttributeNotRequired
     | ErrorForNonVirtualMembersOverrides
+    | EscapeDotnetFormattableStrings
     | ArithmeticInLiterals
 
 /// LanguageVersion management
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ type LanguageVersion(versionText) =
                 LanguageFeature.MatchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData, previewVersion
                 LanguageFeature.CSharpExtensionAttributeNotRequired, previewVersion
                 LanguageFeature.ErrorForNonVirtualMembersOverrides, previewVersion
+                LanguageFeature.EscapeDotnetFormattableStrings, previewVersion
                 LanguageFeature.ArithmeticInLiterals, previewVersion
 
             ]
@@ -242,6 +244,7 @@ type LanguageVersion(versionText) =
         | LanguageFeature.MatchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData -> FSComp.SR.featureMatchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData ()
         | LanguageFeature.CSharpExtensionAttributeNotRequired -> FSComp.SR.featureCSharpExtensionAttributeNotRequired ()
         | LanguageFeature.ErrorForNonVirtualMembersOverrides -> FSComp.SR.featureErrorForNonVirtualMembersOverrides ()
+        | LanguageFeature.EscapeDotnetFormattableStrings -> FSComp.SR.featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString ()
         | LanguageFeature.ArithmeticInLiterals -> FSComp.SR.featureArithmeticInLiterals ()
 
     /// Get a version string associated with the given feature.

src/Compiler/Facilities/LanguageFeatures.fsi

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ type LanguageFeature =
     | MatchNotAllowedForUnionCaseWithNoData
     | CSharpExtensionAttributeNotRequired
     | ErrorForNonVirtualMembersOverrides
+    | EscapeDotnetFormattableStrings
     | ArithmeticInLiterals
 
 /// LanguageVersion management

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.cs.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">chyba při zastaralém přístupu konstruktoru s atributem RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">více typů podporuje měrné jednotky</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.de.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">Beim veralteten Zugriff auf das Konstrukt mit dem RequireQualifiedAccess-Attribut wird ein Fehler ausgegeben.</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">Maßeinheitenunterstützung durch weitere Typen</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.es.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">error en el acceso en desuso de la construcción con el atributo RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">más tipos admiten las unidades de medida</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.fr.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">donner une erreur sur l’accès déconseillé de la construction avec l’attribut RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">d'autres types prennent en charge les unités de mesure</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.it.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">errore durante l'accesso deprecato del costrutto con l'attributo RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">più tipi supportano le unità di misura</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.ja.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">RequireQualifiedAccess 属性を持つコンストラクトの非推奨アクセスでエラーが発生しました</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">単位をサポートするその他の型</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.ko.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">RequireQualifiedAccess 특성을 사용하여 사용되지 않는 구문 액세스에 대한 오류 제공</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">더 많은 형식이 측정 단위를 지원함</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.pl.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">wskazywanie błędu w przypadku przestarzałego dostępu do konstrukcji z atrybutem RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">więcej typów obsługuje jednostki miary</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.pt-BR.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">fornecer erro no acesso preterido do constructo com o atributo RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">mais tipos dão suporte para unidades de medida</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.ru.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">выдать ошибку при устаревшем доступе к конструкции с атрибутом RequireQualifiedAccess</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">другие типы поддерживают единицы измерения</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.tr.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">RequireQualifiedAccess özniteliğine sahip yapının kullanım dışı erişiminde hata</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">tür daha ölçü birimlerini destekler</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.zh-Hans.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">对具有 RequireQualifiedAccess 属性的构造进行弃用的访问时出错</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">更多类型支持度量单位</target>

src/Compiler/xlf/FSComp.txt.zh-Hant.xlf

@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@
         <target state="translated">對具有 RequireQualifiedAccess 屬性的建構的已取代存取發出錯誤</target>
         <note />
       </trans-unit>
+      <trans-unit id="featureEscapeBracesInFormattableString">
+        <source>Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</source>
+        <target state="new">Escapes curly braces before calling FormattableStringFactory.Create when interpolated string literal is typed as FormattableString</target>
+        <note />
+      </trans-unit>
       <trans-unit id="featureExpandedMeasurables">
         <source>more types support units of measure</source>
         <target state="translated">更多支援測量單位的類型</target>

src/fsi/console.fs

@@ -104,6 +104,103 @@ module internal Utils =
             | ' ', false -> nextWordFromIdx line (idx + 1, false)
             | _, _ -> nextWordFromIdx line (idx + 1, true)
 
+    /// An array stores ranges of full-width chars.
+    ///
+    /// The ranges are sorted by increasing order in the array, and each range are stored in the 2nth and 2n+1th
+    /// position in the array (n is the ordinal number of the range)
+    ///
+    /// Array [| a; b; c; d |] represents range [a, b] or [c, d], means chars in these ranges are full-width.
+    ///
+    /// Definition: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr11/
+    ///
+    /// Data source: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/EastAsianWidth.txt
+    let private fullWidthCharRanges =
+        Array.concat
+            [|
+                [| '\u1100'; '\u115f' |]
+                [| '\u231a'; '\u231b' |]
+                [| '\u2329'; '\u232a' |]
+                [| '\u23e9'; '\u23ec' |]
+                [| '\u23f0'; '\u23f0' |]
+                [| '\u23f3'; '\u23f3' |]
+                [| '\u25fd'; '\u25fe' |]
+                [| '\u2614'; '\u2615' |]
+                [| '\u2648'; '\u2653' |]
+                [| '\u267f'; '\u267f' |]
+                [| '\u2693'; '\u2693' |]
+                [| '\u26a1'; '\u26a1' |]
+                [| '\u26aa'; '\u26ab' |]
+                [| '\u26bd'; '\u26be' |]
+                [| '\u26c4'; '\u26c5' |]
+                [| '\u26ce'; '\u26ce' |]
+                [| '\u26d4'; '\u26d4' |]
+                [| '\u26ea'; '\u26ea' |]
+                [| '\u26f2'; '\u26f3' |]
+                [| '\u26f5'; '\u26f5' |]
+                [| '\u26fa'; '\u26fa' |]
+                [| '\u26fd'; '\u26fd' |]
+                [| '\u2705'; '\u2705' |]
+                [| '\u270a'; '\u270b' |]
+                [| '\u2728'; '\u2728' |]
+                [| '\u274c'; '\u274c' |]
+                [| '\u274e'; '\u274e' |]
+                [| '\u2753'; '\u2755' |]
+                [| '\u2757'; '\u2757' |]
+                [| '\u2795'; '\u2797' |]
+                [| '\u27b0'; '\u27b0' |]
+                [| '\u27bf'; '\u27bf' |]
+                [| '\u2b1b'; '\u2b1c' |]
+                [| '\u2b50'; '\u2b50' |]
+                [| '\u2b55'; '\u2b55' |]
+                [| '\u2e80'; '\u303e' |]
+                [| '\u3041'; '\u3096' |]
+                [| '\u3099'; '\u30ff' |]
+                [| '\u3105'; '\u312f' |]
+                [| '\u3131'; '\u318e' |]
+                [| '\u3190'; '\u3247' |]
+                [| '\u3250'; '\u4dbf' |]
+                [| '\u4e00'; '\ua4c6' |]
+                [| '\ua960'; '\ua97c' |]
+                [| '\uac00'; '\ud7a3' |]
+                [| '\uf900'; '\ufaff' |]
+                [| '\ufe10'; '\ufe1f' |]
+                [| '\ufe30'; '\ufe6b' |]
+                [| '\uff01'; '\uff60' |]
+                [| '\uffe0'; '\uffe6' |]
+            |]
+
+    let isFullWidth (char) =
+        // for array [| a; b; c; d |],
+        // if a value is in (a, b) or (c, d), the result of Array.BinarySearch will be a negative even number
+        // if a value is a, b, c, d, the result will be a positive number
+        let n = Array.BinarySearch(fullWidthCharRanges, char)
+        n >= 0 || n % 2 = 0
+
+    /// Limits BufferWidth to make sure that full-width characters will not be print to wrong position.
+    ///
+    /// The return value is Console.BufferWidth - 2.
+    ///
+    /// When printing full-width characters to the screen (such as 一二三四五六七八九零),
+    ///
+    /// if BufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth, the output will be
+    ///
+    /// #> 一二三四五六七八九零一二三四五六七八九  # (零 is missing)
+    ///
+    /// #一二三四五六七八九零                      #
+    ///
+    /// if BufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth - 1, the output will be
+    ///
+    /// #> 一二三四五六七八九零一二三四五六七八九零# (零 is printed, but will not correctly cauculate cursor position)
+    ///
+    /// #一二三四五六七八九零                      # (cursor may appear in the middle of the character)
+    ///
+    /// if BufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth - 2, the output will be
+    ///
+    /// #> 一二三四五六七八九零一二三四五六七八九  #
+    ///
+    /// #零一二三四五六七八九零                    # (work correctly)
+    let bufferWidth () = Console.BufferWidth - 2
+
 [<Sealed>]
 type internal Cursor =
     static member ResetTo(top, left) =
@@ -111,14 +208,12 @@ type internal Cursor =
             Console.CursorTop <- min top (Console.BufferHeight - 1)
             Console.CursorLeft <- left)
 
-    static member Move(inset, delta) =
-        let position =
-            Console.CursorTop * (Console.BufferWidth - inset)
-            + (Console.CursorLeft - inset)
-            + delta
+    static member Move(delta) =
+        let width = Utils.bufferWidth ()
+        let position = Console.CursorTop * width + Console.CursorLeft + delta
 
-        let top = position / (Console.BufferWidth - inset)
-        let left = inset + position % (Console.BufferWidth - inset)
+        let top = position / width
+        let left = position % width
         Cursor.ResetTo(top, left)
 
 type internal Anchor =
@@ -137,8 +232,11 @@ type internal Anchor =
 
     member p.PlaceAt(inset, index) =
         //printf "p.top = %d, p.left = %d, inset = %d, index = %d\n" p.top p.left inset index
-        let left = inset + (((p.left - inset) + index) % (Console.BufferWidth - inset))
-        let top = p.top + ((p.left - inset) + index) / (Console.BufferWidth - inset)
+        let width = Utils.bufferWidth ()
+        let index = inset + index
+
+        let left = index % width
+        let top = p.top + index / width
         Cursor.ResetTo(top, left)
 
 type internal ReadLineConsole() =
@@ -209,7 +307,9 @@ type internal ReadLineConsole() =
         | _ -> "^?"
 
     member x.GetCharacterSize(c) =
-        if Char.IsControl(c) then x.MapCharacter(c).Length else 1
+        if Char.IsControl(c) then x.MapCharacter(c).Length
+        elif Utils.isFullWidth c then 2
+        else 1
 
     static member TabSize = 4
 
@@ -242,19 +342,21 @@ type internal ReadLineConsole() =
         /// Cache of optionsCache
         let mutable optionsCache = Options()
 
+        let moveCursorToNextLine c =
+            let charSize = x.GetCharacterSize(c)
+
+            if Console.CursorLeft + charSize > Utils.bufferWidth () then
+                if Console.CursorTop + 1 = Console.BufferHeight then
+                    Console.BufferHeight <- Console.BufferHeight + 1
+
+                Cursor.Move(0)
+
         let writeBlank () =
+            moveCursorToNextLine (' ')
             Console.Write(' ')
-            checkLeftEdge false
 
         let writeChar (c) =
-            if
-                Console.CursorTop = Console.BufferHeight - 1
-                && Console.CursorLeft = Console.BufferWidth - 1
-            then
-                //printf "bottom right!\n"
-                anchor <- { anchor with top = (anchor).top - 1 }
-
-            checkLeftEdge true
+            moveCursorToNextLine (c)
 
             if Char.IsControl(c) then
                 let s = x.MapCharacter c
@@ -262,9 +364,7 @@ type internal ReadLineConsole() =
                 rendered <- rendered + s.Length
             else
                 Console.Write(c)
-                rendered <- rendered + 1
-
-            checkLeftEdge true
+                rendered <- rendered + x.GetCharacterSize(c)
 
         /// The console input buffer.
         let input = new StringBuilder()
@@ -273,25 +373,16 @@ type internal ReadLineConsole() =
         let mutable current = 0
 
         let render () =
-            //printf "render\n"
             let curr = current
             anchor.PlaceAt(x.Inset, 0)
-            let output = new StringBuilder()
-            let mutable position = -1
-
-            for i = 0 to input.Length - 1 do
-                if (i = curr) then
-                    position <- output.Length
-
-                let c = input.Chars(i)
 
-                if (Char.IsControl c) then
-                    output.Append(x.MapCharacter c) |> ignore
+            let rec getLineWidth state i =
+                if i = curr || i = input.Length then
+                    state
                 else
-                    output.Append(c) |> ignore
+                    getLineWidth (state + x.GetCharacterSize(input.Chars i)) (i + 1)
 
-            if (curr = input.Length) then
-                position <- output.Length
+            let position = getLineWidth 0 0
 
             // render the current text, computing a new value for "rendered"
             let old_rendered = rendered
@@ -326,13 +417,13 @@ type internal ReadLineConsole() =
             if current > 0 && (current - 1 < input.Length) then
                 current <- current - 1
                 let c = input.Chars(current)
-                Cursor.Move(x.Inset, -x.GetCharacterSize c)
+                Cursor.Move(-x.GetCharacterSize c)
 
         let moveRight () =
             if current < input.Length then
                 let c = input.Chars(current)
                 current <- current + 1
-                Cursor.Move(x.Inset, x.GetCharacterSize c)
+                Cursor.Move(x.GetCharacterSize c)
 
         let moveWordLeft () =
             if current > 0 && (current - 1 < input.Length) then

tests/FSharp.Compiler.ComponentTests/Language/InterpolatedStringsTests.fs

@@ -32,8 +32,19 @@ let c: System.IFormattable = $"string"
         |> compile
         |> shouldSucceed
 
+    [<Fact>]
+    let ``Interpolated string literal typed as FormattableString handles double braces correctly`` () =
+        Fsx """
+let a = $"{{hello}} world" : System.FormattableString
+printf $"{a.Format}"
+        """
+        |> withLangVersionPreview
+        |> compileExeAndRun
+        |> shouldSucceed
+        |> withStdOutContains "{{hello}} world"
+
     [<Fact>]
     let ``Percent sign characters in interpolated strings`` () =
         Assert.Equal("%", $"%%")
         Assert.Equal("42%", $"{42}%%")
-        Assert.Equal("% 42", $"%%%3d{42}")
\ No newline at end of file
+        Assert.Equal("% 42", $"%%%3d{42}")