#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; class Solution { public: vector<vector<int>> permute(vector<int> &nums) { vector<vector<int>> res; vector<bool> used(nums.size()); dfs(nums, used, res); return res; } private: vector<int> stack; void dfs(vector<int> &nums, vector<bool> &used, vector<vector<int>> &res) { if (stack.size() == nums.size()) { res.push_back(stack); } else { for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++) { if (!used[i]) { used[i] = true; stack.push_back(nums[i]); dfs(nums, used, res); stack.pop_back(); used[i] = false; } } } } };