Document how deprecation should be done

Reviewed-by: NPaul Dale <paul.dale@oracle.com>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/13074)

doc/internal/man7/deprecation.pod

+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+deprecation - Macros used for deprecating symbols and simulate removal
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+ #include <openssl/macros.h>
+
+ OSSL_DEPRECATED(since)
+ OSSL_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_3_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_3_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_3_0_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_1_1
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_1
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_1_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_1_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_0_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_0_2
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_2
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_2_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_0_1
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_1
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_1_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_0_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_0
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_0_FOR(msg)
+
+ OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_0_9_8
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_0_9_8
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_0_9_8_FOR(msg)
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+Deprecation of a symbol is adding an attribute to the declaration of that
+symbol (function, type, variable, but we currently only do that for
+functions in our F<< <openssl/*.h> >> header files).
+
+Removal of a symbol is not the same thing as deprecation, as it actually
+removes the symbol from public view.
+
+OpenSSL configuration supports deprecation as well as simulating removal of
+symbols from public view, and also supports doing this in terms of a
+specified OpenSSL version.
+
+Deprecation is done using attribute macros having names starting with
+B<OSSL_DEPRECATED>, used with any declaration it applies to.
+
+Simulating removal is done with guard macros having names starting with
+L<OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED(7)>.
+
+The implementation of a deprecated symbol is kept for two reasons:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Kept as legacy for the deprecation period
+
+It's implemented only to have it available as long as the symbol isn't
+removed entirely (be it by explicitly removing it when it's judged that it
+has been deprecated long enough, or because the removal is simulated).
+These need to be guarded appropriately, as shown in the L</Implementations
+kept as legacy>.
+
+=item Kept for internal purposes
+
+The implementation doesn't need to change or be guarded.  However, it's
+necessary to ensure that the declaration remains available for the
+translation unit where the implementation is located, even when the symbol
+is publicly unavailable through simulated removal.  That's done by including
+an internal header file very early in the translation unit.  See
+L</Implementations kept for internal purposes>.
+
+In a future cleanup, the declaration should be explicitly moved to an
+internal header file, with the deprecation attribute removed, and the
+translation unit should adjust its header inclusions accordingly.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 General macros
+
+I<Note: none of these macros should be used directly, please use the version
+specific macros instead>
+
+OSSL_DEPRECATED() implements the deprecated attribute if the compiler
+supports it, otherwise it expands to nothing.  It takes one argument
+I<since> that should be set to the OpenSSL version where the symbol was
+deprecated, and will be displayed with the deprecation warning message,
+for compilers that support user specified deprecation messages.
+
+OSSL_DEPRECATED_FOR() does the same as OSSL_DEPRECATED(), but also takes a
+second argument I<msg>, which is an additional text messages to be displayed
+with the deprecation warning along with the OpenSSL version number, for
+compilers that support user specified deprecation messages.
+
+B<OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED> is a macro that's generated by OpenSSL
+configuration in response to the C<no-deprecated> configuration option.
+This macro suppresses the definition of deprecated symbols.
+
+=head2 Version specific macros
+
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_I<major>_I<minor>() macros that are defined to
+OSSL_DEPRECATED() with that version number as I<since>, for any version up
+to and including the one expressed with L<OPENSSL_API_COMPAT(7)>.  For any
+known version above the version expressed with L<OPENSSL_API_COMPAT(7)>,
+The are defined to nothing.
+
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_I<major>_I<minor>_FOR() macros that are defined to
+OSSL_DEPRECATED() with that version number as I<since>, under the same
+conditions as OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_I<major>_I<minor>().
+
+B<OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_I<major>_I<minor>> macros should be used as
+guards around declarations that will eventually disappear from the public
+header files (F<< <openssl/*.h> >>).
+
+Any set of symbols deprecated with a B<OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_I<major>_I<minor>>
+attribute macro B<must> be wrapped with a guard using the corresponding
+B<OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_I<major>_I<minor>> macro, see L</Header files>
+example below.  This not only affects what the user of the header file will
+have available, it's also used to determine the conditions for exporting the
+symbol in the shared libraries.
+
+=head1 EXAMPLES
+
+=head2 Header files
+
+In public header files (F<< <openssl/*.h> >>), a deprecated symbol will
+always be wrapped with a negative test of the guard:
+
+ # ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_1_1_0
+ /* ... */
+ OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_0 __owur int
+ HMAC_Init(HMAC_CTX *ctx, const void *key, int len, const EVP_MD *md);
+ /* ... */
+ # endif
+
+=head2 Implementations of deprecated symbols
+
+At least for the period of deprecation for any symbol, its implementation
+needs to be kept, and for symbols that are kept internally, for longer than
+that.  There are two things to deal with:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Deprecation warnings
+
+To remedy deprecation warnings, simply define the macro
+B<OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED> at the beginning of the translation unit.
+
+=item Simulated removal
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+For symbols that are kept as legacy, the simulated removal should be
+enforced, by guarding the implementation the exact same way as the
+declaration in the public header file.
+
+=item *
+
+For symbols that are planned to be kept internally beyond their deprecation
+period, the translation units that implement them must ensure that the
+public header files they include to that declare the symbols don't remove
+the symbols, even when removal is otherwise simulated.
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Implementations kept as legacy
+
+For a deprecated function that we plan to simply remove, for example
+RSA_new_method(), the following should be found very early (before including
+any OpenSSL header file) in the translation unit:
+
+ /*
+  * Suppress deprecation warnings for RSA low level implementations that are
+  * kept until removal.
+  */
+ #define OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED
+
+And RSA_new_method() implementation itself should be guarded like this:
+
+ #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED_3_0
+ RSA *RSA_new_method(ENGINE *engine)
+ {
+     /* ... */
+ }
+ #endif
+
+=head3 Implementations kept for internal purposes
+
+For a deprecated function that we plan to keep internally, for example
+RSA_size(), the following should be found very early (before including any
+other OpenSSL header file) in the translation unit:
+
+ /*
+  * RSA low level APIs are deprecated for public use, but are kept for
+  * internal use.
+  */
+ #include "internal/deprecated.h"
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<openssl_user_macros(7)>
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright 2020 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
+this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
+in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
+L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
+
+=cut

doc/man7/openssl_user_macros.pod.in

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 =head1 NAME
 
-openssl_user_macros, OPENSSL_API_COMPAT - User defined macros
+openssl_user_macros, OPENSSL_API_COMPAT, OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED
+- User defined macros
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 

util/missingmacro.txt

@@ -176,3 +176,14 @@ X509V3_set_ctx_test(3)
 X509V3_set_ctx_nodb(3)
 EXT_BITSTRING(3)
 EXT_IA5STRING(3)
+
+# These are documented internally, in doc/internal/man7/deprecation.pod
+OSSL_DEPRECATED(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATED_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_3_0_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_1_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_1_0_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_2_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_1_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_1_0_0_FOR(3)
+OSSL_DEPRECATEDIN_0_9_8_FOR(3)