x509.c

/* apps/x509.c */
/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This package is an SSL implementation written
 * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
 * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
 * 
 * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
 * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
 * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
 * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
 * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
 * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 * 
 * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
 * the code are not to be removed.
 * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
 * as the author of the parts of the library used.
 * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
 * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
 *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
 *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
 *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
 * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
 *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 * 
 * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
 * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
 * copied and put under another distribution licence
 * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifdef OPENSSL_NO_STDIO
#define APPS_WIN16
#endif
#include "apps.h"
#include <openssl/bio.h>
#include <openssl/asn1.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
#include <openssl/objects.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/dsa.h>

#undef PROG
#define PROG x509_main

#undef POSTFIX
#define	POSTFIX	".srl"
#define DEF_DAYS	30

static char *x509_usage[]={
"usage: x509 args\n",
" -inform arg     - input format - default PEM (one of DER, NET or PEM)\n",
" -outform arg    - output format - default PEM (one of DER, NET or PEM)\n",
" -keyform arg    - private key format - default PEM\n",
" -CAform arg     - CA format - default PEM\n",
" -CAkeyform arg  - CA key format - default PEM\n",
" -in arg         - input file - default stdin\n",
" -out arg        - output file - default stdout\n",
" -passin arg     - private key password source\n",
" -serial         - print serial number value\n",
" -subject_hash   - print subject hash value\n",
" -issuer_hash    - print issuer hash value\n",
" -hash           - synonym for -subject_hash\n",
" -subject        - print subject DN\n",
" -issuer         - print issuer DN\n",
" -email          - print email address(es)\n",
" -startdate      - notBefore field\n",
" -enddate        - notAfter field\n",
" -purpose        - print out certificate purposes\n",
" -dates          - both Before and After dates\n",
" -modulus        - print the RSA key modulus\n",
" -pubkey         - output the public key\n",
" -fingerprint    - print the certificate fingerprint\n",
" -alias          - output certificate alias\n",
" -noout          - no certificate output\n",
" -ocspid         - print OCSP hash values for the subject name and public key\n",
" -trustout       - output a \"trusted\" certificate\n",
" -clrtrust       - clear all trusted purposes\n",
" -clrreject      - clear all rejected purposes\n",
" -addtrust arg   - trust certificate for a given purpose\n",
" -addreject arg  - reject certificate for a given purpose\n",
" -setalias arg   - set certificate alias\n",
" -days arg       - How long till expiry of a signed certificate - def 30 days\n",
" -checkend arg   - check whether the cert expires in the next arg seconds\n",
"                   exit 1 if so, 0 if not\n",
" -signkey arg    - self sign cert with arg\n",
" -x509toreq      - output a certification request object\n",
" -req            - input is a certificate request, sign and output.\n",
" -CA arg         - set the CA certificate, must be PEM format.\n",
" -CAkey arg      - set the CA key, must be PEM format\n",
"                   missing, it is assumed to be in the CA file.\n",
" -CAcreateserial - create serial number file if it does not exist\n",
" -CAserial arg   - serial file\n",
" -set_serial     - serial number to use\n",
" -text           - print the certificate in text form\n",
" -C              - print out C code forms\n",
" -md2/-md5/-sha1/-mdc2 - digest to use\n",
" -extfile        - configuration file with X509V3 extensions to add\n",
" -extensions     - section from config file with X509V3 extensions to add\n",
" -clrext         - delete extensions before signing and input certificate\n",
" -nameopt arg    - various certificate name options\n",
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
" -engine e       - use engine e, possibly a hardware device.\n",
#endif
" -certopt arg    - various certificate text options\n",
NULL
};

static int MS_CALLBACK callb(int ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
static int sign (X509 *x, EVP_PKEY *pkey,int days,int clrext, const EVP_MD *digest,
						CONF *conf, char *section);
static int x509_certify (X509_STORE *ctx,char *CAfile,const EVP_MD *digest,
			 X509 *x,X509 *xca,EVP_PKEY *pkey,char *serial,
			 int create,int days, int clrext, CONF *conf, char *section,
						ASN1_INTEGER *sno);
static int purpose_print(BIO *bio, X509 *cert, X509_PURPOSE *pt);
static int reqfile=0;

int MAIN(int, char **);

int MAIN(int argc, char **argv)
	{
	ENGINE *e = NULL;
	int ret=1;
	X509_REQ *req=NULL;
	X509 *x=NULL,*xca=NULL;
	ASN1_OBJECT *objtmp;
	EVP_PKEY *Upkey=NULL,*CApkey=NULL;
	ASN1_INTEGER *sno = NULL;
	int i,num,badops=0;
	BIO *out=NULL;
	BIO *STDout=NULL;
	STACK_OF(ASN1_OBJECT) *trust = NULL, *reject = NULL;
	int informat,outformat,keyformat,CAformat,CAkeyformat;
	char *infile=NULL,*outfile=NULL,*keyfile=NULL,*CAfile=NULL;
	char *CAkeyfile=NULL,*CAserial=NULL;
	char *alias=NULL;
	int text=0,serial=0,subject=0,issuer=0,startdate=0,enddate=0;
	int next_serial=0;
	int subject_hash=0,issuer_hash=0,ocspid=0;
	int noout=0,sign_flag=0,CA_flag=0,CA_createserial=0,email=0;
	int trustout=0,clrtrust=0,clrreject=0,aliasout=0,clrext=0;
	int C=0;
	int x509req=0,days=DEF_DAYS,modulus=0,pubkey=0;
	int pprint = 0;
	char **pp;
	X509_STORE *ctx=NULL;
	X509_REQ *rq=NULL;
	int fingerprint=0;
	char buf[256];
	const EVP_MD *md_alg,*digest=EVP_md5();
	CONF *extconf = NULL;
	char *extsect = NULL, *extfile = NULL, *passin = NULL, *passargin = NULL;
	int need_rand = 0;
	int checkend=0,checkoffset=0;
	unsigned long nmflag = 0, certflag = 0;
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
	char *engine=NULL;
#endif

	reqfile=0;

	apps_startup();

	if (bio_err == NULL)
		bio_err=BIO_new_fp(stderr,BIO_NOCLOSE);

	if (!load_config(bio_err, NULL))
		goto end;
	STDout=BIO_new_fp(stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	{
	BIO *tmpbio = BIO_new(BIO_f_linebuffer());
	STDout = BIO_push(tmpbio, STDout);
	}
#endif

	informat=FORMAT_PEM;
	outformat=FORMAT_PEM;
	keyformat=FORMAT_PEM;
	CAformat=FORMAT_PEM;
	CAkeyformat=FORMAT_PEM;

	ctx=X509_STORE_new();
	if (ctx == NULL) goto end;
	X509_STORE_set_verify_cb_func(ctx,callb);

	argc--;
	argv++;
	num=0;
	while (argc >= 1)
		{
		if 	(strcmp(*argv,"-inform") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			informat=str2fmt(*(++argv));
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-outform") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			outformat=str2fmt(*(++argv));
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-keyform") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			keyformat=str2fmt(*(++argv));
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-req") == 0)
			{
			reqfile=1;
			need_rand = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CAform") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			CAformat=str2fmt(*(++argv));
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CAkeyform") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			CAkeyformat=str2fmt(*(++argv));
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-days") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			days=atoi(*(++argv));
			if (days == 0)
				{
				BIO_printf(STDout,"bad number of days\n");
				goto bad;
				}
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-passin") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			passargin= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-extfile") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			extfile= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-extensions") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			extsect= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-in") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			infile= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-out") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			outfile= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-signkey") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			keyfile= *(++argv);
			sign_flag= ++num;
			need_rand = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CA") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			CAfile= *(++argv);
			CA_flag= ++num;
			need_rand = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CAkey") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			CAkeyfile= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CAserial") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			CAserial= *(++argv);
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-set_serial") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			if (!(sno = s2i_ASN1_INTEGER(NULL, *(++argv))))
				goto bad;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-addtrust") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			if (!(objtmp = OBJ_txt2obj(*(++argv), 0)))
				{
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
					"Invalid trust object value %s\n", *argv);
				goto bad;
				}
			if (!trust) trust = sk_ASN1_OBJECT_new_null();
			sk_ASN1_OBJECT_push(trust, objtmp);
			trustout = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-addreject") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			if (!(objtmp = OBJ_txt2obj(*(++argv), 0)))
				{
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
					"Invalid reject object value %s\n", *argv);
				goto bad;
				}
			if (!reject) reject = sk_ASN1_OBJECT_new_null();
			sk_ASN1_OBJECT_push(reject, objtmp);
			trustout = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-setalias") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			alias= *(++argv);
			trustout = 1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-certopt") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			if (!set_cert_ex(&certflag, *(++argv))) goto bad;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-nameopt") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			if (!set_name_ex(&nmflag, *(++argv))) goto bad;
			}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-engine") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			engine= *(++argv);
			}
#endif
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-C") == 0)
			C= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-email") == 0)
			email= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-serial") == 0)
			serial= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-next_serial") == 0)
			next_serial= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-modulus") == 0)
			modulus= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-pubkey") == 0)
			pubkey= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-x509toreq") == 0)
			x509req= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-text") == 0)
			text= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-hash") == 0
			|| strcmp(*argv,"-subject_hash") == 0)
			subject_hash= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-issuer_hash") == 0)
			issuer_hash= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-subject") == 0)
			subject= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-issuer") == 0)
			issuer= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-fingerprint") == 0)
			fingerprint= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-dates") == 0)
			{
			startdate= ++num;
			enddate= ++num;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-purpose") == 0)
			pprint= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-startdate") == 0)
			startdate= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-enddate") == 0)
			enddate= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-checkend") == 0)
			{
			if (--argc < 1) goto bad;
			checkoffset=atoi(*(++argv));
			checkend=1;
			}
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-noout") == 0)
			noout= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-trustout") == 0)
			trustout= 1;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-clrtrust") == 0)
			clrtrust= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-clrreject") == 0)
			clrreject= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-alias") == 0)
			aliasout= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-CAcreateserial") == 0)
			CA_createserial= ++num;
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-clrext") == 0)
			clrext = 1;
#if 1 /* stay backwards-compatible with 0.9.5; this should go away soon */
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-crlext") == 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"use -clrext instead of -crlext\n");
			clrext = 1;
			}
#endif
		else if (strcmp(*argv,"-ocspid") == 0)
			ocspid= ++num;
		else if ((md_alg=EVP_get_digestbyname(*argv + 1)))
			{
			/* ok */
			digest=md_alg;
			}
		else
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"unknown option %s\n",*argv);
			badops=1;
			break;
			}
		argc--;
		argv++;
		}

	if (badops)
		{
bad:
		for (pp=x509_usage; (*pp != NULL); pp++)
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"%s",*pp);
		goto end;
		}

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
        e = setup_engine(bio_err, engine, 0);
#endif

	if (need_rand)
		app_RAND_load_file(NULL, bio_err, 0);

	ERR_load_crypto_strings();

	if (!app_passwd(bio_err, passargin, NULL, &passin, NULL))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error getting password\n");
		goto end;
		}

	if (!X509_STORE_set_default_paths(ctx))
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto end;
		}

	if ((CAkeyfile == NULL) && (CA_flag) && (CAformat == FORMAT_PEM))
		{ CAkeyfile=CAfile; }
	else if ((CA_flag) && (CAkeyfile == NULL))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"need to specify a CAkey if using the CA command\n");
		goto end;
		}

	if (extfile)
		{
		long errorline = -1;
		X509V3_CTX ctx2;
		extconf = NCONF_new(NULL);
		if (!NCONF_load(extconf, extfile,&errorline))
			{
			if (errorline <= 0)
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
					"error loading the config file '%s'\n",
								extfile);
                	else
                        	BIO_printf(bio_err,
				       "error on line %ld of config file '%s'\n"
							,errorline,extfile);
			goto end;
			}
		if (!extsect)
			{
			extsect = NCONF_get_string(extconf, "default", "extensions");
			if (!extsect)
				{
				ERR_clear_error();
				extsect = "default";
				}
			}
		X509V3_set_ctx_test(&ctx2);
		X509V3_set_nconf(&ctx2, extconf);
		if (!X509V3_EXT_add_nconf(extconf, &ctx2, extsect, NULL))
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
				"Error Loading extension section %s\n",
								 extsect);
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
			}
		}


	if (reqfile)
		{
		EVP_PKEY *pkey;
		X509_CINF *ci;
		BIO *in;

		if (!sign_flag && !CA_flag)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"We need a private key to sign with\n");
			goto end;
			}
		in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
		if (in == NULL)
			{
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
			}

		if (infile == NULL)
			BIO_set_fp(in,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE|BIO_FP_TEXT);
		else
			{
			if (BIO_read_filename(in,infile) <= 0)
				{
				perror(infile);
				BIO_free(in);
				goto end;
				}
			}
		req=PEM_read_bio_X509_REQ(in,NULL,NULL,NULL);
		BIO_free(in);

		if (req == NULL)
			{
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
			}

		if (	(req->req_info == NULL) ||
			(req->req_info->pubkey == NULL) ||
			(req->req_info->pubkey->public_key == NULL) ||
			(req->req_info->pubkey->public_key->data == NULL))
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"The certificate request appears to corrupted\n");
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"It does not contain a public key\n");
			goto end;
			}
		if ((pkey=X509_REQ_get_pubkey(req)) == NULL)
	                {
	                BIO_printf(bio_err,"error unpacking public key\n");
	                goto end;
	                }
		i=X509_REQ_verify(req,pkey);
		EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
		if (i < 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"Signature verification error\n");
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
			}
	        if (i == 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"Signature did not match the certificate request\n");
			goto end;
			}
		else
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"Signature ok\n");

		print_name(bio_err, "subject=", X509_REQ_get_subject_name(req), nmflag);

		if ((x=X509_new()) == NULL) goto end;
		ci=x->cert_info;

		if (sno == NULL)
			{
			sno = ASN1_INTEGER_new();
			if (!sno || !rand_serial(NULL, sno))
				goto end;
			if (!X509_set_serialNumber(x, sno)) 
				goto end;
			ASN1_INTEGER_free(sno);
			sno = NULL;
			}
		else if (!X509_set_serialNumber(x, sno)) 
			goto end;

		if (!X509_set_issuer_name(x,req->req_info->subject)) goto end;
		if (!X509_set_subject_name(x,req->req_info->subject)) goto end;

		X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notBefore(x),0);
	        X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notAfter(x),(long)60*60*24*days);

		pkey = X509_REQ_get_pubkey(req);
		X509_set_pubkey(x,pkey);
		EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
		}
	else
		x=load_cert(bio_err,infile,informat,NULL,e,"Certificate");

	if (x == NULL) goto end;
	if (CA_flag)
		{
		xca=load_cert(bio_err,CAfile,CAformat,NULL,e,"CA Certificate");
		if (xca == NULL) goto end;
		}

	if (!noout || text || next_serial)
		{
		OBJ_create("2.99999.3",
			"SET.ex3","SET x509v3 extension 3");

		out=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
		if (out == NULL)
			{
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
			}
		if (outfile == NULL)
			{
			BIO_set_fp(out,stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
			{
			BIO *tmpbio = BIO_new(BIO_f_linebuffer());
			out = BIO_push(tmpbio, out);
			}
#endif
			}
		else
			{
			if (BIO_write_filename(out,outfile) <= 0)
				{
				perror(outfile);
				goto end;
				}
			}
		}

	if (alias) X509_alias_set1(x, (unsigned char *)alias, -1);

	if (clrtrust) X509_trust_clear(x);
	if (clrreject) X509_reject_clear(x);

	if (trust)
		{
		for (i = 0; i < sk_ASN1_OBJECT_num(trust); i++)
			{
			objtmp = sk_ASN1_OBJECT_value(trust, i);
			X509_add1_trust_object(x, objtmp);
			}
		}

	if (reject)
		{
		for (i = 0; i < sk_ASN1_OBJECT_num(reject); i++)
			{
			objtmp = sk_ASN1_OBJECT_value(reject, i);
			X509_add1_reject_object(x, objtmp);
			}
		}

	if (num)
		{
		for (i=1; i<=num; i++)
			{
			if (issuer == i)
				{
				print_name(STDout, "issuer= ",
					X509_get_issuer_name(x), nmflag);
				}
			else if (subject == i) 
				{
				print_name(STDout, "subject= ",
					X509_get_subject_name(x), nmflag);
				}
			else if (serial == i)
				{
				BIO_printf(STDout,"serial=");
				i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(STDout,
					X509_get_serialNumber(x));
				BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
				}
			else if (next_serial == i)
				{
				BIGNUM *bnser;
				ASN1_INTEGER *ser;
				ser = X509_get_serialNumber(x);
				bnser = ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ser, NULL);
				if (!bnser)
					goto end;
				if (!BN_add_word(bnser, 1))
					goto end;
				ser = BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bnser, NULL);
				if (!ser)
					goto end;
				BN_free(bnser);
				i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out, ser);
				ASN1_INTEGER_free(ser);
				BIO_puts(out, "\n");
				}
			else if (email == i) 
				{
				int j;
				STACK *emlst;
				emlst = X509_get1_email(x);
				for (j = 0; j < sk_num(emlst); j++)
					BIO_printf(STDout, "%s\n", sk_value(emlst, j));
				X509_email_free(emlst);
				}
			else if (aliasout == i)
				{
				unsigned char *alstr;
				alstr = X509_alias_get0(x, NULL);
				if (alstr) BIO_printf(STDout,"%s\n", alstr);
				else BIO_puts(STDout,"<No Alias>\n");
				}
			else if (subject_hash == i)
				{
				BIO_printf(STDout,"%08lx\n",X509_subject_name_hash(x));
				}
			else if (issuer_hash == i)
				{
				BIO_printf(STDout,"%08lx\n",X509_issuer_name_hash(x));
				}
			else if (pprint == i)
				{
				X509_PURPOSE *ptmp;
				int j;
				BIO_printf(STDout, "Certificate purposes:\n");
				for (j = 0; j < X509_PURPOSE_get_count(); j++)
					{
					ptmp = X509_PURPOSE_get0(j);
					purpose_print(STDout, x, ptmp);
					}
				}
			else
				if (modulus == i)
				{
				EVP_PKEY *pkey;

				pkey=X509_get_pubkey(x);
				if (pkey == NULL)
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err,"Modulus=unavailable\n");
					ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
					goto end;
					}
				BIO_printf(STDout,"Modulus=");
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
				if (pkey->type == EVP_PKEY_RSA)
					BN_print(STDout,pkey->pkey.rsa->n);
				else
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DSA
				if (pkey->type == EVP_PKEY_DSA)
					BN_print(STDout,pkey->pkey.dsa->pub_key);
				else
#endif
					BIO_printf(STDout,"Wrong Algorithm type");
				BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
				EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
				}
			else
				if (pubkey == i)
				{
				EVP_PKEY *pkey;

				pkey=X509_get_pubkey(x);
				if (pkey == NULL)
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err,"Error getting public key\n");
					ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
					goto end;
					}
				PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY(STDout, pkey);
				EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
				}
			else
				if (C == i)
				{
				unsigned char *d;
				char *m;
				int y,z;

				X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),
					buf,sizeof buf);
				BIO_printf(STDout,"/* subject:%s */\n",buf);
				m=X509_NAME_oneline(
					X509_get_issuer_name(x),buf,
					sizeof buf);
				BIO_printf(STDout,"/* issuer :%s */\n",buf);

				z=i2d_X509(x,NULL);
				m=OPENSSL_malloc(z);

				d=(unsigned char *)m;
				z=i2d_X509_NAME(X509_get_subject_name(x),&d);
				BIO_printf(STDout,"unsigned char XXX_subject_name[%d]={\n",z);
				d=(unsigned char *)m;
				for (y=0; y<z; y++)
					{
					BIO_printf(STDout,"0x%02X,",d[y]);
					if ((y & 0x0f) == 0x0f) BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
					}
				if (y%16 != 0) BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
				BIO_printf(STDout,"};\n");

				z=i2d_X509_PUBKEY(X509_get_X509_PUBKEY(x),&d);
				BIO_printf(STDout,"unsigned char XXX_public_key[%d]={\n",z);
				d=(unsigned char *)m;
				for (y=0; y<z; y++)
					{
					BIO_printf(STDout,"0x%02X,",d[y]);
					if ((y & 0x0f) == 0x0f)
						BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
					}
				if (y%16 != 0) BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
				BIO_printf(STDout,"};\n");

				z=i2d_X509(x,&d);
				BIO_printf(STDout,"unsigned char XXX_certificate[%d]={\n",z);
				d=(unsigned char *)m;
				for (y=0; y<z; y++)
					{
					BIO_printf(STDout,"0x%02X,",d[y]);
					if ((y & 0x0f) == 0x0f)
						BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
					}
				if (y%16 != 0) BIO_printf(STDout,"\n");
				BIO_printf(STDout,"};\n");

				OPENSSL_free(m);
				}
			else if (text == i)
				{
				X509_print_ex(out,x,nmflag, certflag);
				}
			else if (startdate == i)
				{
				BIO_puts(STDout,"notBefore=");
				ASN1_TIME_print(STDout,X509_get_notBefore(x));
				BIO_puts(STDout,"\n");
				}
			else if (enddate == i)
				{
				BIO_puts(STDout,"notAfter=");
				ASN1_TIME_print(STDout,X509_get_notAfter(x));
				BIO_puts(STDout,"\n");
				}
			else if (fingerprint == i)
				{
				int j;
				unsigned int n;
				unsigned char md[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];

				if (!X509_digest(x,digest,md,&n))
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err,"out of memory\n");
					goto end;
					}
				BIO_printf(STDout,"%s Fingerprint=",
						OBJ_nid2sn(EVP_MD_type(digest)));
				for (j=0; j<(int)n; j++)
					{
					BIO_printf(STDout,"%02X%c",md[j],
						(j+1 == (int)n)
						?'\n':':');
					}
				}

			/* should be in the library */
			else if ((sign_flag == i) && (x509req == 0))
				{
				BIO_printf(bio_err,"Getting Private key\n");
				if (Upkey == NULL)
					{
					Upkey=load_key(bio_err,
						keyfile, keyformat, 0,
						passin, e, "Private key");
					if (Upkey == NULL) goto end;
					}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DSA
		                if (Upkey->type == EVP_PKEY_DSA)
		                        digest=EVP_dss1();
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ECDSA
				if (Upkey->type == EVP_PKEY_EC)
					digest=EVP_ecdsa();
#endif

				assert(need_rand);
				if (!sign(x,Upkey,days,clrext,digest,
						 extconf, extsect)) goto end;
				}
			else if (CA_flag == i)
				{
				BIO_printf(bio_err,"Getting CA Private Key\n");
				if (CAkeyfile != NULL)
					{
					CApkey=load_key(bio_err,
						CAkeyfile, CAkeyformat,
						0, passin, e,
						"CA Private Key");
					if (CApkey == NULL) goto end;
					}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DSA
		                if (CApkey->type == EVP_PKEY_DSA)
		                        digest=EVP_dss1();
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ECDSA
				if (CApkey->type == EVP_PKEY_EC)
					digest = EVP_ecdsa();
#endif
				
				assert(need_rand);
				if (!x509_certify(ctx,CAfile,digest,x,xca,
					CApkey, CAserial,CA_createserial,days, clrext,
					extconf, extsect, sno))
					goto end;
				}
			else if (x509req == i)
				{
				EVP_PKEY *pk;

				BIO_printf(bio_err,"Getting request Private Key\n");
				if (keyfile == NULL)
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err,"no request key file specified\n");
					goto end;
					}
				else
					{
					pk=load_key(bio_err,
						keyfile, FORMAT_PEM, 0,
						passin, e, "request key");
					if (pk == NULL) goto end;
					}

				BIO_printf(bio_err,"Generating certificate request\n");

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_DSA
		                if (pk->type == EVP_PKEY_DSA)
		                        digest=EVP_dss1();
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ECDSA
				if (pk->type == EVP_PKEY_EC)
					digest=EVP_ecdsa();
#endif

				rq=X509_to_X509_REQ(x,pk,digest);
				EVP_PKEY_free(pk);
				if (rq == NULL)
					{
					ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
					goto end;
					}
				if (!noout)
					{
					X509_REQ_print(out,rq);
					PEM_write_bio_X509_REQ(out,rq);
					}
				noout=1;
				}
			else if (ocspid == i)
				{
				X509_ocspid_print(out, x);
				}
			}
		}

	if (checkend)
		{
		time_t tcheck=time(NULL) + checkoffset;

		if (X509_cmp_time(X509_get_notAfter(x), &tcheck) < 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(out,"Certificate will expire\n");
			ret=1;
			}
		else
			{
			BIO_printf(out,"Certificate will not expire\n");
			ret=0;
			}
		goto end;
		}

	if (noout)
		{
		ret=0;
		goto end;
		}

	if 	(outformat == FORMAT_ASN1)
		i=i2d_X509_bio(out,x);
	else if (outformat == FORMAT_PEM)
		{
		if (trustout) i=PEM_write_bio_X509_AUX(out,x);
		else i=PEM_write_bio_X509(out,x);
		}
	else if (outformat == FORMAT_NETSCAPE)
		{
		ASN1_HEADER ah;
		ASN1_OCTET_STRING os;

		os.data=(unsigned char *)NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR;
		os.length=strlen(NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR);
		ah.header= &os;
		ah.data=(char *)x;
		ah.meth=X509_asn1_meth();

		i=ASN1_i2d_bio_of(ASN1_HEADER,i2d_ASN1_HEADER,out,&ah);
		}
	else	{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"bad output format specified for outfile\n");
		goto end;
		}
	if (!i)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to write certificate\n");
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto end;
		}
	ret=0;
end:
	if (need_rand)
		app_RAND_write_file(NULL, bio_err);
	OBJ_cleanup();
	NCONF_free(extconf);
	BIO_free_all(out);
	BIO_free_all(STDout);
	X509_STORE_free(ctx);
	X509_REQ_free(req);
	X509_free(x);
	X509_free(xca);
	EVP_PKEY_free(Upkey);
	EVP_PKEY_free(CApkey);
	X509_REQ_free(rq);
	ASN1_INTEGER_free(sno);
	sk_ASN1_OBJECT_pop_free(trust, ASN1_OBJECT_free);
	sk_ASN1_OBJECT_pop_free(reject, ASN1_OBJECT_free);
	if (passin) OPENSSL_free(passin);
	apps_shutdown();
	OPENSSL_EXIT(ret);
	}

static ASN1_INTEGER *x509_load_serial(char *CAfile, char *serialfile, int create)
	{
	char *buf = NULL, *p;
	ASN1_INTEGER *bs = NULL;
	BIGNUM *serial = NULL;
	size_t len;

	len = ((serialfile == NULL)
		?(strlen(CAfile)+strlen(POSTFIX)+1)
		:(strlen(serialfile)))+1;
	buf=OPENSSL_malloc(len);
	if (buf == NULL) { BIO_printf(bio_err,"out of mem\n"); goto end; }
	if (serialfile == NULL)
		{
		BUF_strlcpy(buf,CAfile,len);
		for (p=buf; *p; p++)
			if (*p == '.')
				{
				*p='\0';
				break;
				}
		BUF_strlcat(buf,POSTFIX,len);
		}
	else
		BUF_strlcpy(buf,serialfile,len);

	serial = load_serial(buf, create, NULL);
	if (serial == NULL) goto end;

	if (!BN_add_word(serial,1))
		{ BIO_printf(bio_err,"add_word failure\n"); goto end; }

	if (!save_serial(buf, NULL, serial, &bs)) goto end;

 end:
	if (buf) OPENSSL_free(buf);
	BN_free(serial);
	return bs;
	}

static int x509_certify(X509_STORE *ctx, char *CAfile, const EVP_MD *digest,
	     X509 *x, X509 *xca, EVP_PKEY *pkey, char *serialfile, int create,
	     int days, int clrext, CONF *conf, char *section, ASN1_INTEGER *sno)
	{
	int ret=0;
	ASN1_INTEGER *bs=NULL;
	X509_STORE_CTX xsc;
	EVP_PKEY *upkey;

	upkey = X509_get_pubkey(xca);
	EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(upkey,pkey);
	EVP_PKEY_free(upkey);

	if(!X509_STORE_CTX_init(&xsc,ctx,x,NULL))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"Error initialising X509 store\n");
		goto end;
		}
	if (sno) bs = sno;
	else if (!(bs = x509_load_serial(CAfile, serialfile, create)))
		goto end;

/*	if (!X509_STORE_add_cert(ctx,x)) goto end;*/

	/* NOTE: this certificate can/should be self signed, unless it was
	 * a certificate request in which case it is not. */
	X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert(&xsc,x);
	if (!reqfile && !X509_verify_cert(&xsc))
		goto end;

	if (!X509_check_private_key(xca,pkey))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"CA certificate and CA private key do not match\n");
		goto end;
		}

	if (!X509_set_issuer_name(x,X509_get_subject_name(xca))) goto end;
	if (!X509_set_serialNumber(x,bs)) goto end;

	if (X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notBefore(x),0L) == NULL)
		goto end;

	/* hardwired expired */
	if (X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notAfter(x),(long)60*60*24*days) == NULL)
		goto end;

	if (clrext)
		{
		while (X509_get_ext_count(x) > 0) X509_delete_ext(x, 0);
		}

	if (conf)
		{
		X509V3_CTX ctx2;
		X509_set_version(x,2); /* version 3 certificate */
                X509V3_set_ctx(&ctx2, xca, x, NULL, NULL, 0);
                X509V3_set_nconf(&ctx2, conf);
                if (!X509V3_EXT_add_nconf(conf, &ctx2, section, x)) goto end;
		}

	if (!X509_sign(x,pkey,digest)) goto end;
	ret=1;
end:
	X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(&xsc);
	if (!ret)
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
	if (!sno) ASN1_INTEGER_free(bs);
	return ret;
	}

static int MS_CALLBACK callb(int ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	int err;
	X509 *err_cert;

	/* it is ok to use a self signed certificate
	 * This case will catch both the initial ok == 0 and the
	 * final ok == 1 calls to this function */
	err=X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx);
	if (err == X509_V_ERR_DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT)
		return 1;

	/* BAD we should have gotten an error.  Normally if everything
	 * worked X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx) will still be set to
	 * DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_.... */
	if (ok)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error with certificate to be certified - should be self signed\n");
		return 0;
		}
	else
		{
		err_cert=X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
		print_name(bio_err, NULL, X509_get_subject_name(err_cert),0);
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error with certificate - error %d at depth %d\n%s\n",
			err,X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(ctx),
			X509_verify_cert_error_string(err));
		return 1;
		}
	}

/* self sign */
static int sign(X509 *x, EVP_PKEY *pkey, int days, int clrext, const EVP_MD *digest, 
						CONF *conf, char *section)
	{

	EVP_PKEY *pktmp;

	pktmp = X509_get_pubkey(x);
	EVP_PKEY_copy_parameters(pktmp,pkey);
	EVP_PKEY_save_parameters(pktmp,1);
	EVP_PKEY_free(pktmp);

	if (!X509_set_issuer_name(x,X509_get_subject_name(x))) goto err;
	if (X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notBefore(x),0) == NULL) goto err;

	/* Lets just make it 12:00am GMT, Jan 1 1970 */
	/* memcpy(x->cert_info->validity->notBefore,"700101120000Z",13); */
	/* 28 days to be certified */

	if (X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notAfter(x),(long)60*60*24*days) == NULL)
		goto err;

	if (!X509_set_pubkey(x,pkey)) goto err;
	if (clrext)
		{
		while (X509_get_ext_count(x) > 0) X509_delete_ext(x, 0);
		}
	if (conf)
		{
		X509V3_CTX ctx;
		X509_set_version(x,2); /* version 3 certificate */
                X509V3_set_ctx(&ctx, x, x, NULL, NULL, 0);
                X509V3_set_nconf(&ctx, conf);
                if (!X509V3_EXT_add_nconf(conf, &ctx, section, x)) goto err;
		}
	if (!X509_sign(x,pkey,digest)) goto err;
	return 1;
err:
	ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
	return 0;
	}

static int purpose_print(BIO *bio, X509 *cert, X509_PURPOSE *pt)
{
	int id, i, idret;
	char *pname;
	id = X509_PURPOSE_get_id(pt);
	pname = X509_PURPOSE_get0_name(pt);
	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
		{
		idret = X509_check_purpose(cert, id, i);
		BIO_printf(bio, "%s%s : ", pname, i ? " CA" : ""); 
		if (idret == 1) BIO_printf(bio, "Yes\n");
		else if (idret == 0) BIO_printf(bio, "No\n");
		else BIO_printf(bio, "Yes (WARNING code=%d)\n", idret);
		}
	return 1;
}