Merge pull request #1476 from shellhub/dev

Updated SinglyLinkedList

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
     * [ListAddnFun](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Lists/ListAddnFun.java)
     * [Merge K SortedLinkedlist](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Lists/Merge_K_SortedLinkedlist.java)
     * [MergeSortedArrayList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Lists/MergeSortedArrayList.java)
+    * [MergeSortedSinglyLinkedList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Lists/MergeSortedSinglyLinkedList.java)
     * [SinglyLinkedList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Lists/SinglyLinkedList.java)
   * Queues
     * [GenericArrayListQueue](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/DataStructures/Queues/GenericArrayListQueue.java)
@@ -207,6 +208,8 @@
   * [Problem04](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/ProjectEuler/Problem04.java)
   * [Problem06](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/ProjectEuler/Problem06.java)
   * [Problem07](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/ProjectEuler/Problem07.java)
+  * [Problem09](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/ProjectEuler/Problem09.java)
+  * [Problem10](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/ProjectEuler/Problem10.java)
 
 ## Searches
   * [BinarySearch](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/Searches/BinarySearch.java)

DataStructures/Lists/MergeSortedSinglyLinkedList.java

+package DataStructures.Lists;
+
+public class MergeSortedSinglyLinkedList extends SinglyLinkedList {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SinglyLinkedList listA = new SinglyLinkedList();
+        SinglyLinkedList listB = new SinglyLinkedList();
+
+        for (int i = 2; i <= 10; i += 2) {
+            listA.insert(i);
+            listB.insert(i - 1);
+        }
+        assert listA.toString().equals("2->4->6->8->10");
+        assert listB.toString().equals("1->3->5->7->9");
+        assert merge(listA, listB).toString().equals("1->2->3->4->5->6->7->8->9->10");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Merge two sorted SingleLinkedList
+     *
+     * @param listA the first sorted list
+     * @param listB the second sored list
+     * @return merged sorted list
+     */
+    public static SinglyLinkedList merge(SinglyLinkedList listA, SinglyLinkedList listB) {
+        Node headA = listA.getHead();
+        Node headB = listB.getHead();
+
+        int size = listA.size() + listB.size();
+
+        Node head = new Node();
+        Node tail = head;
+        while (headA != null && headB != null) {
+            if (headA.value <= headB.value) {
+                tail.next = headA;
+                headA = headA.next;
+            } else {
+                tail.next = headB;
+                headB = headB.next;
+            }
+            tail = tail.next;
+        }
+        if (headA == null) {
+            tail.next = headB;
+        }
+        if (headB == null) {
+            tail.next = headA;
+        }
+        return new SinglyLinkedList(head.next, size);
+    }
+}

DataStructures/Lists/SinglyLinkedList.java

@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ public class SinglyLinkedList {
     private Node head;
 
     /**
-     * size of SinglyLinkedList
+     * Size of SinglyLinkedList
      */
     private int size;
 
     /**
-     * init SinglyLinkedList
+     * Init SinglyLinkedList
      */
     public SinglyLinkedList() {
-        head = new Node(0);
+        head = null;
         size = 0;
     }
 
@@ -42,87 +42,86 @@ public class SinglyLinkedList {
     }
 
     /**
-     * This method inserts an element at the head
+     * Inserts an element at the head of the list
      *
-     * @param x Element to be added
+     * @param x element to be added
      */
     public void insertHead(int x) {
         insertNth(x, 0);
     }
 
     /**
-     * insert an element at the tail of list
+     * Insert an element at the tail of the list
      *
-     * @param data Element to be added
+     * @param data element to be added
      */
     public void insert(int data) {
         insertNth(data, size);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Inserts a new node at a specified position
+     * Inserts a new node at a specified position of the list
      *
      * @param data     data to be stored in a new node
      * @param position position at which a new node is to be inserted
      */
     public void insertNth(int data, int position) {
         checkBounds(position, 0, size);
-        Node cur = head;
-        for (int i = 0; i < position; ++i) {
-            cur = cur.next;
+        Node newNode = new Node(data);
+        if (head == null) { /* the list is empty */
+            head = newNode;
+            size++;
+            return;
+        } else if (position == 0) { /* insert at the head of the list */
+            newNode.next = head;
+            head = newNode;
+            size++;
+            return;
         }
-        Node node = new Node(data);
-        node.next = cur.next;
-        cur.next = node;
-        size++;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Insert element to list, always sorted
-     *
-     * @param data to be inserted
-     */
-    public void insertSorted(int data) {
         Node cur = head;
-        while (cur.next != null && data > cur.next.value) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < position - 1; ++i) {
             cur = cur.next;
         }
-
-        Node newNode = new Node(data);
         newNode.next = cur.next;
         cur.next = newNode;
         size++;
     }
 
+
     /**
-     * This method deletes an element at the head
-     *
-     * @return The element deleted
+     * Deletes a node at the head
      */
     public void deleteHead() {
         deleteNth(0);
     }
 
     /**
-     * This method deletes an element at the tail
+     * Deletes an element at the tail
      */
     public void delete() {
         deleteNth(size - 1);
     }
 
     /**
-     * This method deletes an element at Nth position
+     * Deletes an element at Nth position
      */
     public void deleteNth(int position) {
         checkBounds(position, 0, size - 1);
+        if (position == 0) {
+            Node destroy = head;
+            head = head.next;
+            destroy = null; /* clear to let GC do its work */
+            size--;
+            return;
+        }
         Node cur = head;
-        for (int i = 0; i < position; ++i) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < position - 1; ++i) {
             cur = cur.next;
         }
 
-        //Node destroy = cur.next;
+        Node destroy = cur.next;
         cur.next = cur.next.next;
-        //destroy = null; // clear to let GC do its work
+        destroy = null; // clear to let GC do its work
 
         size--;
     }
@@ -140,47 +139,68 @@ public class SinglyLinkedList {
     }
 
     /**
-     * clear all nodes in list
+     * Clear all nodes in the list
      */
     public void clear() {
-        if (size == 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        Node prev = head.next;
-        Node cur = prev.next;
+        Node cur = head;
         while (cur != null) {
-            prev = null; // clear to let GC do its work
-            prev = cur;
+            Node prev = cur;
             cur = cur.next;
+            prev = null; // clear to let GC do its work
         }
-        prev = null;
-        head.next = null;
+        head = null;
         size = 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks if the list is empty
      *
-     * @return true is list is empty
+     * @return {@code true} if list is empty, otherwise {@code false}.
      */
     public boolean isEmpty() {
         return size == 0;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the size of the linked list
+     * Returns the size of the linked list.
+     *
+     * @return the size of the list.
      */
     public int size() {
         return size;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get head of the list.
+     *
+     * @return head of the list.
+     */
+    public Node getHead() {
+        return head;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the count of the list manually
+     *
+     * @return count of the list
+     */
+    public int count() {
+        int count = 0;
+        Node cur = head;
+        while (cur != null) {
+            cur = cur.next;
+            count++;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         if (size == 0) {
             return "";
         }
         StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
-        Node cur = head.next;
+        Node cur = head;
         while (cur != null) {
             builder.append(cur.value).append("->");
             cur = cur.next;
@@ -188,79 +208,43 @@ public class SinglyLinkedList {
         return builder.replace(builder.length() - 2, builder.length(), "").toString();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Merge two sorted SingleLinkedList
-     *
-     * @param listA the first sorted list
-     * @param listB the second sored list
-     * @return merged sorted list
-     */
-    public static SinglyLinkedList merge(SinglyLinkedList listA, SinglyLinkedList listB) {
-        Node headA = listA.head.next;
-        Node headB = listB.head.next;
-
-        int size = listA.size() + listB.size();
-
-        Node head = new Node();
-        Node tail = head;
-        while (headA != null && headB != null) {
-            if (headA.value <= headB.value) {
-                tail.next = headA;
-                headA = headA.next;
-            } else {
-                tail.next = headB;
-                headB = headB.next;
-            }
-            tail = tail.next;
-        }
-        if (headA == null) {
-            tail.next = headB;
-        }
-        if (headB == null) {
-            tail.next = headA;
-        }
-        return new SinglyLinkedList(head, size);
-    }
 
     /**
-     * Main method
-     *
-     * @param args Command line arguments
+     * Driver Code
      */
-    public static void main(String args[]) {
-        SinglyLinkedList myList = new SinglyLinkedList();
-        assert myList.isEmpty();
-        assert myList.toString().equals("");
-
-        myList.insertHead(5);
-        myList.insertHead(7);
-        myList.insertHead(10);
-        assert myList.toString().equals("10->7->5");
-
-        myList.deleteHead();
-        assert myList.toString().equals("7->5");
-
-        myList.insertNth(11, 2);
-        assert myList.toString().equals("7->5->11");
-
-        myList.deleteNth(1);
-        assert myList.toString().equals("7->11");
-
-        myList.clear();
-        assert myList.isEmpty();
-
-        /* Test MergeTwoSortedLinkedList */
-        SinglyLinkedList listA = new SinglyLinkedList();
-        SinglyLinkedList listB = new SinglyLinkedList();
-
-        for (int i = 10; i >= 2; i -= 2) {
-            listA.insertSorted(i);
-            listB.insertSorted(i - 1);
+    public static void main(String[] arg) {
+        SinglyLinkedList list = new SinglyLinkedList();
+        assert list.isEmpty();
+        assert list.size() == 0
+                && list.count() == 0;
+        assert list.toString().equals("");
+
+        /* Test insert function */
+        list.insertHead(5);
+        list.insertHead(7);
+        list.insertHead(10);
+        list.insert(3);
+        list.insertNth(1, 4);
+        assert list.toString().equals("10->7->5->3->1");
+
+        /* Test delete function */
+        list.deleteHead();
+        list.deleteNth(1);
+        list.delete();
+        assert list.toString().equals("7->3");
+
+        assert list.size == 2
+                && list.size() == list.count();
+
+        list.clear();
+        assert list.isEmpty();
+
+        try {
+            list.delete();
+            assert false; /* this should not happen */
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            assert true; /* this should happen */
         }
-        assert listA.toString().equals("2->4->6->8->10");
-        assert listB.toString().equals("1->3->5->7->9");
-        assert SinglyLinkedList.merge(listA, listB).toString().equals("1->2->3->4->5->6->7->8->9->10");
-
     }
 }
 

ProjectEuler/Problem09.java

+package ProjectEuler;
+
+/**
+ * A Pythagorean triplet is a set of three natural numbers, a < b < c, for which,
+ * <p>
+ * a^2 + b^2 = c^2
+ * For example, 3^2 + 4^2 = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5^2.
+ * <p>
+ * There exists exactly one Pythagorean triplet for which a + b + c = 1000.
+ * Find the product abc.
+ * <p>
+ * link: https://projecteuler.net/problem=9
+ */
+public class Problem09 {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        assert solution1() == 31875000;
+    }
+
+    private static int solution1() {
+        for (int i = 0; i <= 300; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j <= 400; ++j) {
+                int k = 1000 - i - j;
+                if (i * i + j * j == k * k) {
+                    return i * j * k;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return -1; /* should not happen */
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

ProjectEuler/Problem10.java

+package ProjectEuler;
+
+/**
+ * The sum of the primes below 10 is 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 17.
+ * <p>
+ * Find the sum of all the primes below two million.
+ * <p>
+ * link: https://projecteuler.net/problem=10
+ */
+public class Problem10 {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        long[][] testNumbers = {
+                {2000000, 142913828922L},
+                {10000, 5736396},
+                {5000, 1548136},
+                {1000, 76127},
+                {10, 17},
+                {7, 10}
+        };
+
+        for (long[] testNumber : testNumbers) {
+            assert solution1(testNumber[0]) == testNumber[1];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /***
+     * Checks if a number is prime or not
+     * @param n the number
+     * @return {@code true} if {@code n} is prime
+     */
+    private static boolean isPrime(int n) {
+        if (n == 2) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (n < 2 || n % 2 == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (int i = 3, limit = (int) Math.sqrt(n); i <= limit; i += 2) {
+            if (n % i == 0) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static long solution1(long n) {
+        long sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 2; i < n; ++i) {
+            if (isPrime(i)) {
+                sum += i;
+            }
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file