cherry-pick #28769, add support for place string representation 

* cherry pick heter ps

* 　CMakeList

* update, test=develop

* ps gpu transpile

* ps gpu

* remove op

* gps trainer

* local ps

* add macro

* HeterBox

* def cuda

* tab

* code style

* style

Co-authored-by: Thunderbrook <a754913769#163.com>

* update version pybind to v2.4.3, test=develop

* update unittests, test=develop

As the title

* fix doc and unittest of 2.0 lr_scheduler

* fix doc of 2.0 lr_scheduler

* fix unittest

* fix english doc of lr_scheduler

* fix api name of lr scheduler

* fix api name of lr scheduler

* add xpu in heter mode
test=develop

* BOOST_CONST_GET; PADDLE_THROW
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* code style
test=develop

* code style
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* code style
test=develop

* refine
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* refine
test=develop

* refine
test=develop

* refine code
test=develop

* optimized transformation form tensor to numpy, test=develop

* optimized transformation form tensor to numpy, pass pre-commit, test=develop

* modify fetchophandle zerocopy to deepcopy in PE&CUP, test=develop

* modify py:array construct, test=develop

* fix _fetch_var to use deep copy, test=develop

* Reconstruct all API related to lr scheduler, unify dygraph and static

* Reconstruct all API related to lr scheduler, unify dygraph and static

* fix doc

* fix doc

* fix doc of lr_scheduler

* fix unittest and english doc

* fix english doc

* fix confilt

* fix doc

* add check if fluid.data() variable no feed data, test=develop

* Add testcase for feed check, test=develop

* add heter ps mode

* code style
test=develop

* add with_pslib
test=develop

* unitest
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* code style
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* test monitor
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* prepare trainer
test=develop

* code style
test=develop

As the title

* split meta optimizer files
* add graph execution in execution, update two properties in DistributedStrategy, unit tests for these features

* hidden the explicit setting of dataset for pipeline training.

* refine as_lodtensor, test=develop

* fix test, test=develop

* add unittest, test=develop

* handle nested_list, test=develop

* handle nested_list, test=develop

* test=develop, test=document_fix

* test=develop, test=document_fix
Co-authored-by: Nswtkiwi <1208425345@qq.com>

* Support LoDTEnsorArray in fetch op

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

* Support LoDTensorArray in fetch

test=develop

test=develop

* fix init_gflags with 'python -c', test=develop

* fix pruned_program_cache_key of Operator, test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* Make the place parameter default

test=develop

* static model runner basic implement, test=develop

* add run program op to execute loaded program, test=develop

* refactor static model runner & run program op, test=develop

* reset engine.cc to resolve conflict

* adapt the change of dygraph double grad, test=develop

* refactor impl to solve control flow error, test=develop

* clear debug code, test=develop

* fix ci str compatible error & checkout dygraph grad maker & add example, test=develop

* hide api & add op test, test=develop

* fix run program op test places error, test=develop

* fix program by review comment, test=develop

* delete change var desc name, test=develop

* fix other program by review comment, test=develop

* remove _static_graph_guard, test=develop

* add selectedrows test, test=develop

* remove desc parser, test=develop

* fix detail program, test=develop

* change socpe create & add test, test=develop

* prune train program by fetch_list, test=develop

* add unittest for prune, test=develop

* fix pruned feed, test=develop

* support ParallelExecutor and feed prune, test=develop

* add comments, test=develop

* update unittest, test=develop

* update unittests, test=develop

* remove debug code, test=develop

* support cond in clone, test=develop

* support cond in prune, test=develop

* support multiple minimize, test=develop

* support cache, test=develop

* fix _copy_param_info_from, test=develop

* support python2 str, test=develop

* remove debug code, test=develop

* fix bug of caching CompiledProgram, test=develop

* fix multi_device issue, test=develop

* tmp

* support tuple in fetch_list and overriding use_prune, test=develop

* dont use nonlocal in python2, test=develop

* remove nonlocal, test=develop

* code clean, test=develop

* code clean, test=develop

* feed list, test=develop

* test adam, test=develop

* follow comments, test=develop

* reduce duplicate code, test=develop

* update comments, test=develop

* support feed_python_builtin, test=develop

* add test, test=develop

* support CompiledProgram, test=develop

* support fluid.data, test=develop

* fix ci problems, test=develop

* follow comments, test=develop

* sequential reader stage 1, test=develop

* fix ut, test=develop

* fix iterable=False reset bug, add some logs and polish code, test=develop

* inference feed partial data, test=develop

* Turn on keep_order=True for test, test=develop

* enhance ut to test more cases, test=develop

* test commit for reverting

* Revert "test commit for reverting", test=develop

This reverts commit 80aef42e.

* add ut of merged and unmerged results, test=develop

* add more uts for coverages and add en doc of api, test=develop

* follow comments, test=develop

* change note style, test=develop

* update ScopeBufferedSSAGraphExecutor&AsyncSSAGraphExecutor&ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor&FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor&ParallelSSAGraphExecutor&ParallelExecutor for fetching unmerged results.

* add the unit test for fetch_unmerged.

* update ut for multi-card and multi-cpu.

* add the error message and the user suggestion in FetchOpHandle. test=develop

* add half_async in the communicator
* fix DistributedStrategy

* polish executor hint message, test=develop

* fix punctuation error, test=develop

* Add a single_process_multi_thread transpiler.
* Add some UTs.
* Fix some API description.

* fix fetch handler problem and refactor
when a user define FetchHandler class, he or she should initialize a handler
with variable dict. the key of a variable dict is a user defined name,
the value of a variable dict is a Varaible generated from python API.

For each fetching, a user should implement handler function in which
fetched_result_dict will be available and the user can access the fetched value
with user defined keys.