提交 9e72cc5c 编写于 作者: S sweetsky0901

Merge branch 'develop' of https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle into detection_output

......@@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: true
BinPackParameters: false
BinPackArguments: false
...
......@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ third_party/
cmake-build-*
# generated while compiling
python/paddle/v2/framework/core.so
python/paddle/v2/fluid/core.so
paddle/pybind/pybind.h
CMakeFiles
cmake_install.cmake
paddle/.timestamp
python/paddlepaddle.egg-info/
paddle/pybind/pybind.h
python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/tmp/*
python/paddle/version.py
......@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ before_install:
script:
- |
timeout 2580 paddle/scripts/travis/${JOB}.sh # 43min timeout
RESULT=$?; if [ $RESULT -eq 0 ] || [ $RESULT -eq 142 ]; then true; else false; fi;
RESULT=$?; if [ $RESULT -eq 0 ] || [ $RESULT -eq 142 ]; then true ;else exit 1; fi;
- |
if [[ "$JOB" != "build_doc" ]]; then exit 0; fi;
if [[ "$TRAVIS_PULL_REQUEST" != "false" ]]; then exit 0; fi;
......
......@@ -16,10 +16,14 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake")
set(PADDLE_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
set(PADDLE_BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO "-O3 -g -DNDEBUG")
SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO "-O3 -g -DNDEBUG")
include(system)
project(paddle CXX C Go)
message(STATUS "CXX compiler: " ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} ", version: " ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION})
message(STATUS "C compiler: " ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} ", version: " ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION})
find_package(Sphinx)
if(NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
......@@ -36,8 +40,7 @@ include(simd)
################################ Configurations #######################################
option(WITH_GPU "Compile PaddlePaddle with NVIDIA GPU" ${CUDA_FOUND})
option(WITH_AVX "Compile PaddlePaddle with AVX intrinsics" ${AVX_FOUND})
option(WITH_MKLDNN "Compile PaddlePaddle with mkl-dnn support." ${AVX_FOUND})
option(WITH_MKLML "Compile PaddlePaddle with mklml package." ${AVX_FOUND})
option(WITH_MKL "Compile PaddlePaddle with MKL support." ${AVX_FOUND})
option(WITH_DSO "Compile PaddlePaddle with dynamic linked CUDA" ON)
option(WITH_TESTING "Compile PaddlePaddle with unit testing" ON)
option(WITH_SWIG_PY "Compile PaddlePaddle with inference api" ON)
......@@ -55,7 +58,9 @@ option(WITH_C_API "Compile PaddlePaddle with C-API(Prediction)" OFF)
option(WITH_GOLANG "Compile PaddlePaddle with GOLANG" OFF)
option(GLIDE_INSTALL "Download and install go dependencies " ON)
option(USE_NNPACK "Compile PaddlePaddle with NNPACK library" OFF)
option(WITH_DISTRIBUTE "Compile with grpc distributed support" OFF)
option(USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS "Use matrix multiplication in Eigen" OFF)
option(WITH_ARM_FP16 "Use half precision support on armv8.2-a cpu" OFF)
# CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
......@@ -68,9 +73,6 @@ if(ANDROID OR IOS)
if(ANDROID)
if(${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "16")
message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupport standalone toolchains with Android API level lower than 16")
elseif(${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "21")
# TODO: support glog for Android api 16 ~ 19 in the future
message(WARNING "Using the unofficial git repository <https://github.com/Xreki/glog.git> instead")
endif()
endif()
......@@ -82,10 +84,10 @@ if(ANDROID OR IOS)
"Disable PYTHON when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
set(WITH_RDMA OFF CACHE STRING
"Disable RDMA when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
set(WITH_MKLDNN OFF CACHE STRING
"Disable MKLDNN when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
set(WITH_MKLML OFF CACHE STRING
"Disable MKLML package when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
set(WITH_MKL OFF CACHE STRING
"Disable MKL when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
set(WITH_GOLANG OFF CACHE STRING
"Disable golang when cross-compiling for Android and iOS" FORCE)
# Compile PaddlePaddle mobile inference library
if (NOT WITH_C_API)
......@@ -111,6 +113,14 @@ else()
set(THIRD_PARTY_BUILD_TYPE Release)
endif()
set(WITH_MKLML ${WITH_MKL})
if (WITH_MKL AND AVX2_FOUND)
set(WITH_MKLDNN ON)
else()
message(STATUS "Do not have AVX2 intrinsics and disabled MKL-DNN")
set(WITH_MKLDNN OFF)
endif()
########################################################################################
include(external/mklml) # download mklml package
......@@ -126,8 +136,10 @@ include(external/swig) # download, build, install swig
include(external/warpctc) # download, build, install warpctc
include(external/any) # download libn::any
include(external/eigen) # download eigen3
include(external/pybind11) # download pybind11
include(external/pybind11) # download pybind11
include(external/nccl)
include(external/cares)
include(external/grpc)
include(cudnn) # set cudnn libraries, must before configure
include(configure) # add paddle env configuration
......@@ -158,14 +170,15 @@ set(EXTERNAL_LIBS
)
if(WITH_GPU)
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${CUDA_LIBRARIES} ${CUDA_rt_LIBRARY})
if(NOT WITH_DSO)
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${CUDNN_LIBRARY} ${CUDA_CUBLAS_LIBRARIES} ${CUDA_curand_LIBRARY} ${NCCL_LIBRARY})
endif(NOT WITH_DSO)
include(cuda)
endif(WITH_GPU)
if(WITH_MKLML)
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${MKLML_IOMP_LIB})
endif()
if(WITH_MKLDNN)
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${MKLDNN_LIB} ${MKLDNN_IOMP_LIB})
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${MKLDNN_LIB})
endif()
if(USE_NNPACK)
......
......@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ RUN apt-get update && \
automake locales clang-format swig doxygen cmake \
liblapack-dev liblapacke-dev libboost-dev \
clang-3.8 llvm-3.8 libclang-3.8-dev \
net-tools && \
net-tools libtool && \
apt-get clean -y
# Install Go and glide
......
......@@ -2,21 +2,17 @@
Machine:
- Server
- Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz, 2 Sockets, 20 Cores per socket
- Laptop
- DELL XPS15-9560-R1745: i7-7700HQ 8G 256GSSD
- i5 MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Early 2015)
- Desktop
- i7-6700k
- Server: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz, 2 Sockets, 20 Cores per socket
- Laptop: TBD
System: CentOS release 6.3 (Final), Docker 1.12.1.
PaddlePaddle: paddlepaddle/paddle:latest (TODO: will rerun after 0.11.0)
- MKL-DNN tag v0.10
- MKLML 2018.0.20170720
- OpenBLAS v0.2.20
PaddlePaddle: (TODO: will rerun after 0.11.0)
- paddlepaddle/paddle:latest (for MKLML and MKL-DNN)
- MKL-DNN tag v0.11
- MKLML 2018.0.1.20171007
- paddlepaddle/paddle:latest-openblas (for OpenBLAS)
- OpenBLAS v0.2.20
On each machine, we will test and compare the performance of training on single node using MKL-DNN / MKLML / OpenBLAS respectively.
......@@ -31,18 +27,31 @@ Input image size - 3 * 224 * 224, Time: images/second
| BatchSize | 64 | 128 | 256 |
|--------------|-------| -----| --------|
| OpenBLAS | 7.82 | 8.62 | 10.34 |
| MKLML | 11.02 | 12.86 | 15.33 |
| MKL-DNN | 27.69 | 28.8 | 29.27 |
| OpenBLAS | 7.80 | 9.00 | 10.80 |
| MKLML | 12.12 | 13.70 | 16.18 |
| MKL-DNN | 28.46 | 29.83 | 30.44 |
<img src="figs/vgg-cpu-train.png" width="500">
chart on batch size 128
TBD
- ResNet-50
| BatchSize | 64 | 128 | 256 |
|--------------|-------| ------| -------|
| OpenBLAS | 25.22 | 25.68 | 27.12 |
| MKLML | 32.52 | 31.89 | 33.12 |
| MKL-DNN | 81.69 | 82.35 | 84.08 |
<img src="figs/resnet-cpu-train.png" width="500">
- ResNet
- GoogLeNet
| BatchSize | 64 | 128 | 256 |
|--------------|-------| ------| -------|
| OpenBLAS | 89.52 | 96.97 | 108.25 |
| MKLML | 128.46| 137.89| 158.63 |
| MKL-DNN     | 250.46| 264.83| 269.50 |
<img src="figs/googlenet-cpu-train.png" width="500">
### Laptop
TBD
### Desktop
TBD
......@@ -5,10 +5,22 @@ height = 224
width = 224
num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 128)
args = {'height': height, 'width': width, 'color': True, 'num_class': num_class}
use_gpu = get_config_arg('use_gpu', bool, True)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
'is_infer': is_infer
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list", None, module="provider", obj="process", args=args)
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
"test.list" if is_infer else None,
module="provider",
obj="process",
args=args)
settings(
batch_size=batch_size,
......@@ -16,6 +28,8 @@ settings(
learning_method=MomentumOptimizer(0.9),
regularization=L2Regularization(0.0005 * batch_size))
conv_projection = conv_projection if use_gpu else img_conv_layer
def inception2(name, input, channels, \
filter1,
filter3R, filter3,
......@@ -138,12 +152,11 @@ def inception(name, input, channels, \
cat = concat_layer(
name=name,
input=[cov1, cov3, cov5, covprj],
bias_attr=True,
bias_attr=True if use_gpu else False,
act=ReluActivation())
return cat
lab = data_layer(name="label", size=1000)
data = data_layer(name="input", size=3 * height * width)
# stage 1
......@@ -221,6 +234,10 @@ pool5 = img_pool_layer(
dropout = dropout_layer(name="dropout", input=pool5, dropout_rate=0.4)
out3 = fc_layer(
name="output3", input=dropout, size=1000, act=SoftmaxActivation())
loss3 = cross_entropy(name='loss3', input=out3, label=lab)
outputs(loss3)
if is_infer:
outputs(out3)
else:
lab = data_layer(name="label", size=num_class)
loss3 = cross_entropy(name='loss3', input=out3, label=lab)
outputs(loss3)
......@@ -13,14 +13,20 @@ def initHook(settings, height, width, color, num_class, **kwargs):
settings.data_size = settings.height * settings.width * 3
else:
settings.data_size = settings.height * settings.width
settings.slots = [dense_vector(settings.data_size), integer_value(1)]
settings.is_infer = kwargs.get('is_infer', False)
if settings.is_infer:
settings.slots = [dense_vector(settings.data_size)]
else:
settings.slots = [dense_vector(settings.data_size), integer_value(1)]
@provider(
init_hook=initHook, min_pool_size=-1, cache=CacheType.CACHE_PASS_IN_MEM)
def process(settings, file_list):
for i in xrange(1024):
for i in xrange(2560 if settings.is_infer else 1024):
img = np.random.rand(1, settings.data_size).reshape(-1, 1).flatten()
lab = random.randint(0, settings.num_class - 1)
yield img.astype('float32'), int(lab)
if settings.is_infer:
yield img.astype('float32')
else:
lab = random.randint(0, settings.num_class - 1)
yield img.astype('float32'), int(lab)
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
height = 224
width = 224
num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 64)
layer_num = get_config_arg("layer_num", int, 50)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
'is_infer': is_infer
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
"test.list" if is_infer else None,
module="provider",
obj="process",
args=args)
settings(
batch_size=batch_size,
learning_rate=0.01 / batch_size,
learning_method=MomentumOptimizer(0.9),
regularization=L2Regularization(0.0005 * batch_size))
#######################Network Configuration #############
def conv_bn_layer(name,
input,
filter_size,
num_filters,
stride,
padding,
channels=None,
active_type=ReluActivation()):
"""
A wrapper for conv layer with batch normalization layers.
Note:
conv layer has no activation.
"""
tmp = img_conv_layer(
name=name + "_conv",
input=input,
filter_size=filter_size,
num_channels=channels,
num_filters=num_filters,
stride=stride,
padding=padding,
act=LinearActivation(),
bias_attr=False)
return batch_norm_layer(
name=name + "_bn",
input=tmp,
act=active_type,
use_global_stats=is_infer)
def bottleneck_block(name, input, num_filters1, num_filters2):
"""
A wrapper for bottlenect building block in ResNet.
Last conv_bn_layer has no activation.
Addto layer has activation of relu.
"""
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2a',
input=input,
filter_size=1,
num_filters=num_filters1,
stride=1,
padding=0)
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2b',
input=last_name,
filter_size=3,
num_filters=num_filters1,
stride=1,
padding=1)
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2c',
input=last_name,
filter_size=1,
num_filters=num_filters2,
stride=1,
padding=0,
active_type=LinearActivation())
return addto_layer(
name=name + "_addto", input=[input, last_name], act=ReluActivation())
def mid_projection(name, input, num_filters1, num_filters2, stride=2):
"""
A wrapper for middile projection in ResNet.
projection shortcuts are used for increasing dimensions,
and other shortcuts are identity
branch1: projection shortcuts are used for increasing
dimensions, has no activation.
branch2x: bottleneck building block, shortcuts are identity.
"""
# stride = 2
branch1 = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch1',
input=input,
filter_size=1,
num_filters=num_filters2,
stride=stride,
padding=0,
active_type=LinearActivation())
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2a',
input=input,
filter_size=1,
num_filters=num_filters1,
stride=stride,
padding=0)
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2b',
input=last_name,
filter_size=3,
num_filters=num_filters1,
stride=1,
padding=1)
last_name = conv_bn_layer(
name=name + '_branch2c',
input=last_name,
filter_size=1,
num_filters=num_filters2,
stride=1,
padding=0,
active_type=LinearActivation())
return addto_layer(
name=name + "_addto", input=[branch1, last_name], act=ReluActivation())
img = data_layer(name='image', size=height * width * 3)
def deep_res_net(res2_num=3, res3_num=4, res4_num=6, res5_num=3):
"""
A wrapper for 50,101,152 layers of ResNet.
res2_num: number of blocks stacked in conv2_x
res3_num: number of blocks stacked in conv3_x
res4_num: number of blocks stacked in conv4_x
res5_num: number of blocks stacked in conv5_x
"""
# For ImageNet
# conv1: 112x112
tmp = conv_bn_layer(
"conv1",
input=img,
filter_size=7,
channels=3,
num_filters=64,
stride=2,
padding=3)
tmp = img_pool_layer(name="pool1", input=tmp, pool_size=3, stride=2)
# conv2_x: 56x56
tmp = mid_projection(
name="res2_1", input=tmp, num_filters1=64, num_filters2=256, stride=1)
for i in xrange(2, res2_num + 1, 1):
tmp = bottleneck_block(
name="res2_" + str(i), input=tmp, num_filters1=64, num_filters2=256)
# conv3_x: 28x28
tmp = mid_projection(
name="res3_1", input=tmp, num_filters1=128, num_filters2=512)
for i in xrange(2, res3_num + 1, 1):
tmp = bottleneck_block(
name="res3_" + str(i),
input=tmp,
num_filters1=128,
num_filters2=512)
# conv4_x: 14x14
tmp = mid_projection(
name="res4_1", input=tmp, num_filters1=256, num_filters2=1024)
for i in xrange(2, res4_num + 1, 1):
tmp = bottleneck_block(
name="res4_" + str(i),
input=tmp,
num_filters1=256,
num_filters2=1024)
# conv5_x: 7x7
tmp = mid_projection(
name="res5_1", input=tmp, num_filters1=512, num_filters2=2048)
for i in xrange(2, res5_num + 1, 1):
tmp = bottleneck_block(
name="res5_" + str(i),
input=tmp,
num_filters1=512,
num_filters2=2048)
tmp = img_pool_layer(
name='avgpool',
input=tmp,
pool_size=7,
stride=1,
pool_type=AvgPooling())
return fc_layer(input=tmp, size=num_class, act=SoftmaxActivation())
if layer_num == 50:
resnet = deep_res_net(3, 4, 6, 3)
elif layer_num == 101:
resnet = deep_res_net(3, 4, 23, 3)
elif layer_num == 152:
resnet = deep_res_net(3, 8, 36, 3)
else:
print("Wrong layer number.")
if is_infer:
outputs(resnet)
else:
lbl = data_layer(name="label", size=num_class)
loss = cross_entropy(name='loss', input=resnet, label=lbl)
outputs(loss)
set -e
function clock_to_seconds() {
hours=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $1}'`
mins=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $2}'`
secs=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $3}'`
echo `awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",('$secs' + '$mins' * 60 + '$hours' * 3600)}'`
}
function infer() {
unset OMP_NUM_THREADS MKL_NUM_THREADS OMP_DYNAMIC KMP_AFFINITY
topology=$1
layer_num=$2
bs=$3
use_mkldnn=$4
if [ $4 == "True" ]; then
thread=1
log="logs/infer-${topology}-${layer_num}-mkldnn-${bs}.log"
elif [ $4 == "False" ]; then
thread=`nproc`
if [ $thread -gt $bs ]; then
thread=$bs
fi
log="logs/infer-${topology}-${layer_num}-${thread}mklml-${bs}.log"
else
echo "Wrong input $4, use True or False."
exit 0
fi
models_in="models/${topology}-${layer_num}/pass-00000/"
if [ ! -d $models_in ]; then
echo "Training model ${topology}_${layer_num}"
paddle train --job=train \
--config="${topology}.py" \
--use_mkldnn=True \
--use_gpu=False \
--trainer_count=1 \
--num_passes=1 \
--save_dir="models/${topology}-${layer_num}" \
--config_args="batch_size=128,layer_num=${layer_num}" \
> /dev/null 2>&1
echo "Done"
fi
log_period=$((256 / bs))
paddle train --job=test \
--config="${topology}.py" \
--use_mkldnn=$use_mkldnn \
--use_gpu=False \
--trainer_count=$thread \
--log_period=$log_period \
--config_args="batch_size=${bs},layer_num=${layer_num},is_infer=True" \
--init_model_path=$models_in \
2>&1 | tee ${log}
# calculate the last 5 logs period time of 1280 samples,
# the time before are burning time.
start=`tail ${log} -n 7 | head -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | xargs`
end=`tail ${log} -n 2 | head -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | xargs`
start_sec=`clock_to_seconds $start`
end_sec=`clock_to_seconds $end`
fps=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",(1280 / ('$end_sec' - '$start_sec'))}'`
echo "Last 1280 samples start: ${start}(${start_sec} sec), end: ${end}(${end_sec} sec;" >> ${log}
echo "FPS: $fps images/sec" 2>&1 | tee -a ${log}
}
if [ ! -f "train.list" ]; then
echo " " > train.list
fi
if [ ! -f "test.list" ]; then
echo " " > test.list
fi
if [ ! -d "logs" ]; then
mkdir logs
fi
if [ ! -d "models" ]; then
mkdir -p models
fi
# inference benchmark
for use_mkldnn in True False; do
for batchsize in 1 2 4 8 16; do
infer googlenet v1 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
infer resnet 50 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
infer vgg 19 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
done
done
set -e
function train() {
unset OMP_NUM_THREADS MKL_NUM_THREADS
export OMP_DYNAMIC="FALSE"
export KMP_AFFINITY="granularity=fine,compact,0,0"
unset OMP_NUM_THREADS MKL_NUM_THREADS OMP_DYNAMIC KMP_AFFINITY
topology=$1
bs=$2
use_mkldnn=$3
if [ $3 == "True" ]; then
layer_num=$2
bs=$3
use_mkldnn=$4
if [ $4 == "True" ]; then
thread=1
log="logs/${topology}-mkldnn-${bs}.log"
elif [ $3 == "False" ]; then
log="logs/train-${topology}-${layer_num}-mkldnn-${bs}.log"
elif [ $4 == "False" ]; then
thread=`nproc`
# each trainer_count use only 1 core to avoid conflict
export OMP_NUM_THREADS=1
export MKL_NUM_THREADS=1
log="logs/${topology}-${thread}mklml-${bs}.log"
log="logs/train-${topology}-${layer_num}-${thread}mklml-${bs}.log"
else
echo "Wrong input $3, use True or False."
echo "Wrong input $4, use True or False."
exit 0
fi
args="batch_size=${bs}"
args="batch_size=${bs},layer_num=${layer_num}"
config="${topology}.py"
paddle train --job=time \
--config=$config \
......@@ -33,19 +30,18 @@ function train() {
2>&1 | tee ${log}
}
if [ ! -d "train.list" ]; then
if [ ! -f "train.list" ]; then
echo " " > train.list
fi
if [ ! -d "logs" ]; then
mkdir logs
fi
#========== mkldnn ==========#
train vgg 64 True
train vgg 128 True
train vgg 256 True
#========== mklml ===========#
train vgg 64 False
train vgg 128 False
train vgg 256 False
# training benchmark
for use_mkldnn in True False; do
for batchsize in 64 128 256; do
train vgg 19 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
train resnet 50 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
train googlenet v1 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
done
done
......@@ -6,14 +6,25 @@ width = 224
num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 64)
layer_num = get_config_arg('layer_num', int, 19)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
args = {'height': height, 'width': width, 'color': True, 'num_class': num_class}
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
'is_infer': is_infer
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list", None, module="provider", obj="process", args=args)
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
"test.list" if is_infer else None,
module="provider",
obj="process",
args=args)
settings(
batch_size=batch_size,
learning_rate=0.01 / batch_size,
learning_rate=0.001 / batch_size,
learning_method=MomentumOptimizer(0.9),
regularization=L2Regularization(0.0005 * batch_size))
......@@ -98,6 +109,9 @@ elif layer_num == 19:
else:
print("Wrong layer number.")
lab = data_layer('label', num_class)
loss = cross_entropy(input=vgg, label=lab)
outputs(loss)
if is_infer:
outputs(vgg)
else:
lab = data_layer('label', num_class)
loss = cross_entropy(input=vgg, label=lab)
outputs(loss)
# Find the CBlas and lapack libraries
#
# It will search MKL, atlas, OpenBlas, reference-cblas in order.
# It will search MKLML, atlas, OpenBlas, reference-cblas in order.
#
# If any cblas implementation found, the following variable will be set.
# CBLAS_PROVIDER # one of MKL, ATLAS, OPENBLAS, REFERENCE
# CBLAS_PROVIDER # one of MKLML, ATLAS, OPENBLAS, REFERENCE
# CBLAS_INC_DIR # the include directory for cblas.
# CBLAS_LIBS # a list of libraries should be linked by paddle.
# # Each library should be full path to object file.
#
# User should set one of MKL_ROOT, ATLAS_ROOT, OPENBLAS_ROOT, REFERENCE_CBLAS_ROOT
# during cmake. If none of them set, it will try to find cblas implementation in
# system paths.
#
set(CBLAS_FOUND OFF)
......@@ -30,44 +25,6 @@ if(WITH_MKLML AND MKLML_INC_DIR AND MKLML_LIB)
return()
endif()
## Then find MKL.
set(INTEL_MKL_ROOT "/opt/intel/mkl" CACHE PATH "Folder contains intel mkl libs")
set(MKL_ROOT $ENV{MKL_ROOT} CACHE PATH "Folder contains env MKL")
set(MKL_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS
${MKL_ROOT}/include
${INTEL_MKL_ROOT}/include)
set(MKL_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS
${MKL_ROOT}/lib
${MKL_ROOT}/lib/intel64
${INTEL_MKL_ROOT}/lib
${INTEL_MKL_ROOT}/lib/intel64)
find_path(MKL_INC_DIR mkl.h PATHS
${MKL_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS})
find_path(MKL_LAPACK_INC_DIR mkl_lapacke.h PATHS
${MKL_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS})
find_library(MKL_CORE_LIB NAMES mkl_core PATHS
${MKL_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS})
find_library(MKL_SEQUENTIAL_LIB NAMES mkl_sequential PATHS
${MKL_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS})
find_library(MKL_INTEL_LP64 NAMES mkl_intel_lp64 PATHS
${MKL_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS})
if(MKL_LAPACK_INC_DIR AND MKL_INC_DIR AND MKL_CORE_LIB AND MKL_SEQUENTIAL_LIB AND MKL_INTEL_LP64)
set(CBLAS_FOUND ON)
set(CBLAS_PROVIDER MKL)
set(CBLAS_INC_DIR ${MKL_INC_DIR} ${MKL_LAPACK_INC_DIR})
set(CBLAS_LIBRARIES ${MKL_INTEL_LP64} ${MKL_SEQUENTIAL_LIB} ${MKL_CORE_LIB})
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_MKL)
add_definitions(-DLAPACK_FOUND)
message(STATUS "Found MKL (include: ${MKL_INC_DIR}, library: ${CBLAS_LIBRARIES})")
message(STATUS "Found lapack in MKL (include: ${MKL_LAPACK_INC_DIR})")
return()
endif()
## Then find atlas.
set(ATLAS_ROOT $ENV{ATLAS_ROOT} CACHE PATH "Folder contains Atlas")
set(ATLAS_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS
......
......@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ if(WITH_DOUBLE)
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_TYPE_DOUBLE)
endif(WITH_DOUBLE)
if(WITH_ARM_FP16)
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_ARM_FP16)
add_definitions("-march=armv8.2-a+fp16+simd")
endif(WITH_ARM_FP16)
if(WITH_TESTING)
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_WITH_TESTING)
endif(WITH_TESTING)
......@@ -76,27 +81,14 @@ else()
include_directories(${CUDA_TOOLKIT_INCLUDE})
endif(NOT WITH_GPU)
if(WITH_MKLDNN)
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_MKLDNN)
if (WITH_MKLML AND MKLDNN_IOMP_DIR)
message(STATUS "Enable Intel OpenMP at ${MKLDNN_IOMP_DIR}")
set(OPENMP_FLAGS "-fopenmp")
set(CMAKE_C_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY_FORBIDDEN_FLAGS ${OPENMP_FLAGS})
set(CMAKE_CXX_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY_FORBIDDEN_FLAGS ${OPENMP_FLAGS})
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${OPENMP_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${OPENMP_FLAGS}")
else()
find_package(OpenMP)
if(OPENMP_FOUND)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${OpenMP_C_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${OpenMP_CXX_FLAGS}")
else()
message(WARNING "Can not find OpenMP."
"Some performance features in MKLDNN may not be available")
endif()
endif()
endif(WITH_MKLDNN)
if (WITH_MKLML AND MKLML_IOMP_LIB)
message(STATUS "Enable Intel OpenMP with ${MKLML_IOMP_LIB}")
set(OPENMP_FLAGS "-fopenmp")
set(CMAKE_C_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY_FORBIDDEN_FLAGS ${OPENMP_FLAGS})
set(CMAKE_CXX_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY_FORBIDDEN_FLAGS ${OPENMP_FLAGS})
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${OPENMP_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${OPENMP_FLAGS}")
endif()
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${SIMD_FLAG}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${SIMD_FLAG}")
......
......@@ -76,12 +76,9 @@ set(IOS_PLATFORM ${IOS_PLATFORM} CACHE STRING "Type of iOS Platform")
# Set the architecture for iOS
if(NOT DEFINED IOS_ARCH)
if(IOS_PLATFORM STREQUAL "OS")
# FIXME(liuyiqun): support "armv7;armv7s;arm64" future
set(IOS_ARCH "arm64")
set(IOS_ARCH "armv7;armv7s;arm64")
elseif(IOS_PLATFORM STREQUAL "SIMULATOR")
set(IOS_ARCH "i386;x86_64")
elseif(IOS_PLATFORM STREQUAL "WATCHOS")
set(IOS_ARCH armv7k)
endif()
endif()
set(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES ${IOS_ARCH} CACHE string "Build architecture for iOS")
......@@ -249,7 +246,7 @@ set(IOS_COMPILER_FLAGS "${XCODE_IOS_PLATFORM_VERSION_FLAGS} ${XCODE_IOS_BITCODE_
# Hidden visibilty is required for cxx on iOS
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${IOS_COMPILER_FLAGS} ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}" CACHE STRING "C flags")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${IOS_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fvisibility-inlines-hidden ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}" CACHE STRING "CXX flags")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${IOS_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}" CACHE STRING "CXX flags")
set(IOS_LINK_FLAGS "${XCODE_IOS_PLATFORM_VERSION_FLAGS} -Wl,-search_paths_first")
......
if(NOT WITH_GPU)
return()
endif()
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs "30 35 50 52 60 61 70")
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs7 "30 35 50 52")
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs8 "30 35 50 52 60 61")
######################################################################################
# A function for automatic detection of GPUs installed (if autodetection is enabled)
# Usage:
# detect_installed_gpus(out_variable)
function(detect_installed_gpus out_variable)
if(NOT CUDA_gpu_detect_output)
set(cufile ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/detect_cuda_archs.cu)
file(WRITE ${cufile} ""
"#include <cstdio>\n"
"int main() {\n"
" int count = 0;\n"
" if (cudaSuccess != cudaGetDeviceCount(&count)) return -1;\n"
" if (count == 0) return -1;\n"
" for (int device = 0; device < count; ++device) {\n"
" cudaDeviceProp prop;\n"
" if (cudaSuccess == cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, device))\n"
" std::printf(\"%d.%d \", prop.major, prop.minor);\n"
" }\n"
" return 0;\n"
"}\n")
execute_process(COMMAND "${CUDA_NVCC_EXECUTABLE}" "-ccbin=${CUDA_HOST_COMPILER}"
"--run" "${cufile}"
WORKING_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/CMakeFiles/"
RESULT_VARIABLE nvcc_res OUTPUT_VARIABLE nvcc_out
ERROR_QUIET OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
if(nvcc_res EQUAL 0)
# only keep the last line of nvcc_out
STRING(REGEX REPLACE ";" "\\\\;" nvcc_out "${nvcc_out}")
STRING(REGEX REPLACE "\n" ";" nvcc_out "${nvcc_out}")
list(GET nvcc_out -1 nvcc_out)
string(REPLACE "2.1" "2.1(2.0)" nvcc_out "${nvcc_out}")
set(CUDA_gpu_detect_output ${nvcc_out} CACHE INTERNAL "Returned GPU architetures from detect_installed_gpus tool" FORCE)
endif()
endif()
if(NOT CUDA_gpu_detect_output)
message(STATUS "Automatic GPU detection failed. Building for all known architectures.")
set(${out_variable} ${paddle_known_gpu_archs} PARENT_SCOPE)
else()
set(${out_variable} ${CUDA_gpu_detect_output} PARENT_SCOPE)
endif()
endfunction()
########################################################################
# Function for selecting GPU arch flags for nvcc based on CUDA_ARCH_NAME
# Usage:
# select_nvcc_arch_flags(out_variable)
function(select_nvcc_arch_flags out_variable)
# List of arch names
set(archs_names "Kepler" "Maxwell" "Pascal" "All" "Manual")
set(archs_name_default "All")
if(NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
list(APPEND archs_names "Auto")
endif()
# set CUDA_ARCH_NAME strings (so it will be seen as dropbox in CMake-Gui)
set(CUDA_ARCH_NAME ${archs_name_default} CACHE STRING "Select target NVIDIA GPU achitecture.")
set_property( CACHE CUDA_ARCH_NAME PROPERTY STRINGS "" ${archs_names} )
mark_as_advanced(CUDA_ARCH_NAME)
# verify CUDA_ARCH_NAME value
if(NOT ";${archs_names};" MATCHES ";${CUDA_ARCH_NAME};")
string(REPLACE ";" ", " archs_names "${archs_names}")
message(FATAL_ERROR "Only ${archs_names} architeture names are supported.")
endif()
if(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Manual")
set(CUDA_ARCH_BIN ${paddle_known_gpu_archs} CACHE STRING "Specify 'real' GPU architectures to build binaries for, BIN(PTX) format is supported")
set(CUDA_ARCH_PTX "50" CACHE STRING "Specify 'virtual' PTX architectures to build PTX intermediate code for")
mark_as_advanced(CUDA_ARCH_BIN CUDA_ARCH_PTX)
else()
unset(CUDA_ARCH_BIN CACHE)
unset(CUDA_ARCH_PTX CACHE)
endif()
if(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Kepler")
set(cuda_arch_bin "30 35")
elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Maxwell")
set(cuda_arch_bin "50")
elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Pascal")
set(cuda_arch_bin "60 61")
elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Volta")
set(cuda_arch_bin "70")
elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "All")
set(cuda_arch_bin ${paddle_known_gpu_archs})
elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Auto")
detect_installed_gpus(cuda_arch_bin)
else() # (${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Manual")
set(cuda_arch_bin ${CUDA_ARCH_BIN})
endif()
# remove dots and convert to lists
string(REGEX REPLACE "\\." "" cuda_arch_bin "${cuda_arch_bin}")
string(REGEX REPLACE "\\." "" cuda_arch_ptx "${CUDA_ARCH_PTX}")
string(REGEX MATCHALL "[0-9()]+" cuda_arch_bin "${cuda_arch_bin}")
string(REGEX MATCHALL "[0-9]+" cuda_arch_ptx "${cuda_arch_ptx}")
list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES cuda_arch_bin)
list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES cuda_arch_ptx)
set(nvcc_flags "")
set(nvcc_archs_readable "")
# Tell NVCC to add binaries for the specified GPUs
foreach(arch ${cuda_arch_bin})
if(arch MATCHES "([0-9]+)\\(([0-9]+)\\)")
# User explicitly specified PTX for the concrete BIN
list(APPEND nvcc_flags -gencode arch=compute_${CMAKE_MATCH_2},code=sm_${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
list(APPEND nvcc_archs_readable sm_${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
else()
# User didn't explicitly specify PTX for the concrete BIN, we assume PTX=BIN
list(APPEND nvcc_flags -gencode arch=compute_${arch},code=sm_${arch})
list(APPEND nvcc_archs_readable sm_${arch})
endif()
endforeach()
# Tell NVCC to add PTX intermediate code for the specified architectures
foreach(arch ${cuda_arch_ptx})
list(APPEND nvcc_flags -gencode arch=compute_${arch},code=compute_${arch})
list(APPEND nvcc_archs_readable compute_${arch})
endforeach()
string(REPLACE ";" " " nvcc_archs_readable "${nvcc_archs_readable}")
set(${out_variable} ${nvcc_flags} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(${out_variable}_readable ${nvcc_archs_readable} PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()
message(STATUS "CUDA detected: " ${CUDA_VERSION})
if (${CUDA_VERSION} LESS 7.0)
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs ${paddle_known_gpu_archs})
elseif (${CUDA_VERSION} LESS 8.0) # CUDA 7.x
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs ${paddle_known_gpu_archs7})
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-D_MWAITXINTRIN_H_INCLUDED")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-D__STRICT_ANSI__")
elseif (${CUDA_VERSION} LESS 9.0) # CUDA 8.x
set(paddle_known_gpu_archs ${paddle_known_gpu_archs8})
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-D_MWAITXINTRIN_H_INCLUDED")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-D__STRICT_ANSI__")
# CUDA 8 may complain that sm_20 is no longer supported. Suppress the
# warning for now.
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets")
endif()
include_directories(${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${CUDA_LIBRARIES} ${CUDA_rt_LIBRARY})
if(NOT WITH_DSO)
list(APPEND EXTERNAL_LIBS ${CUDNN_LIBRARY} ${CUDA_CUBLAS_LIBRARIES} ${CUDA_curand_LIBRARY} ${NCCL_LIBRARY})
endif(NOT WITH_DSO)
# setting nvcc arch flags
select_nvcc_arch_flags(NVCC_FLAGS_EXTRA)
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${NVCC_FLAGS_EXTRA})
message(STATUS "Added CUDA NVCC flags for: ${NVCC_FLAGS_EXTRA_readable}")
# Set C++11 support
set(CUDA_PROPAGATE_HOST_FLAGS OFF)
# Release/Debug flags set by cmake. Such as -O3 -g -DNDEBUG etc.
# So, don't set these flags here.
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-std=c++11")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "--use_fast_math")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "-Xcompiler -fPIC")
# Set :expt-relaxed-constexpr to suppress Eigen warnings
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS "--expt-relaxed-constexpr")
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "MinSizeRel")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL})
endif()
mark_as_advanced(CUDA_BUILD_CUBIN CUDA_BUILD_EMULATION CUDA_VERBOSE_BUILD)
mark_as_advanced(CUDA_SDK_ROOT_DIR CUDA_SEPARABLE_COMPILATION)
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
IF(MOBILE_INFERENCE OR NOT WITH_DISTRIBUTE)
return()
ENDIF()
include (ExternalProject)
# NOTE: c-ares is needed when linking with grpc.
SET(CARES_SOURCES_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/cares)
SET(CARES_INSTALL_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/install/cares)
SET(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR "${CARES_INSTALL_DIR}/include/" CACHE PATH "cares include directory." FORCE)
ExternalProject_Add(
extern_cares
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/c-ares/c-ares.git"
GIT_TAG "cares-1_13_0"
PREFIX ${CARES_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CONFIGURE_COMMAND ./buildconf && ./configure --disable-shared --prefix=${CARES_INSTALL_DIR}
BUILD_IN_SOURCE 1
BUILD_COMMAND make -j8
INSTALL_COMMAND make install
)
ADD_LIBRARY(cares STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET cares PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION
"${CARES_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/libcares.a")
include_directories(${CARES_INCLUDE_DIR})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(cares extern_cares)
......@@ -28,15 +28,8 @@ INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${GFLAGS_INCLUDE_DIR})
ExternalProject_Add(
extern_gflags
${EXTERNAL_PROJECT_LOG_ARGS}
# TODO(yiwang): The annoying warnings mentioned in
# https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/3277 are caused by
# gflags. I fired a PR https://github.com/gflags/gflags/pull/230
# to fix it. Before it gets accepted by the gflags team, we use
# my personal fork, which contains above fix, temporarily. Let's
# change this back to the official Github repo once my PR is
# merged.
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/wangkuiyi/gflags.git"
GIT_TAG 986964c07427ecb9cdb5bd73f73ebbd40e54dadb
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/gflags/gflags.git"
GIT_TAG 77592648e3f3be87d6c7123eb81cbad75f9aef5a
PREFIX ${GFLAGS_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}
......
......@@ -26,12 +26,21 @@ ENDIF(WIN32)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${GLOG_INCLUDE_DIR})
IF(ANDROID AND ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "21")
# Using the unofficial glog for Android API < 21
SET(GLOG_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/Xreki/glog.git")
SET(GLOG_TAG "8a547150548b284382ccb6582408e9140ff2bea8")
ELSE()
SET(GLOG_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/google/glog.git")
SET(GLOG_TAG "v0.3.5")
ENDIF()
ExternalProject_Add(
extern_glog
${EXTERNAL_PROJECT_LOG_ARGS}
DEPENDS gflags
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/google/glog.git"
GIT_TAG v0.3.5
GIT_REPOSITORY ${GLOG_REPOSITORY}
GIT_TAG ${GLOG_TAG}
PREFIX ${GLOG_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}
......
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
IF(MOBILE_INFERENCE OR NOT WITH_DISTRIBUTE)
return()
ENDIF()
include (ExternalProject)
SET(GRPC_SOURCES_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/grpc)
SET(GRPC_INSTALL_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/install/grpc)
SET(GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR "${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/include/" CACHE PATH "grpc include directory." FORCE)
SET(GRPC_CPP_PLUGIN "${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/bin/grpc_cpp_plugin" CACHE FILEPATH "GRPC_CPP_PLUGIN" FORCE)
IF(APPLE)
SET(BUILD_CMD make -n HAS_SYSTEM_PROTOBUF=false -s -j8 static grpc_cpp_plugin | sed "s/-Werror//g" | sh)
ELSE()
SET(BUILD_CMD make HAS_SYSTEM_PROTOBUF=false -s -j8 static grpc_cpp_plugin)
ENDIF()
ExternalProject_Add(
extern_grpc
DEPENDS protobuf zlib
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/grpc/grpc.git"
GIT_TAG "v1.7.x"
PREFIX ${GRPC_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
BUILD_IN_SOURCE 1
# NOTE(yuyang18):
# Disable -Werror, otherwise the compile will fail in MacOS.
# It seems that we cannot configure that by make command.
# Just dry run make command and remove `-Werror`, then use a shell to run make commands
BUILD_COMMAND ${BUILD_CMD}
INSTALL_COMMAND make prefix=${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR} install
)
# FIXME(typhoonzero): hack to get static lib path, try a better way like merge them.
ADD_LIBRARY(grpc++_unsecure STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET grpc++_unsecure PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION
"${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/libgrpc++_unsecure.a")
ADD_LIBRARY(grpc++ STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET grpc++ PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION
"${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/libgrpc++.a")
ADD_LIBRARY(gpr STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET gpr PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION
"${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/libgpr.a")
ADD_LIBRARY(grpc_unsecure STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET grpc_unsecure PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION
"${GRPC_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/libgrpc_unsecure.a")
include_directories(${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(grpc++_unsecure extern_grpc)
......@@ -40,28 +40,32 @@ INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${MKLDNN_INC_DIR})
IF(${CBLAS_PROVIDER} STREQUAL "MKLML")
SET(MKLDNN_DEPENDS ${MKLML_PROJECT})
SET(MKLDNN_MKLROOT ${MKLML_ROOT})
SET(MKLDNN_IOMP_LIB ${MKLML_IOMP_LIB})
SET(MKLDNN_IOMP_DIR ${MKLML_LIB_DIR})
MESSAGE(STATUS "Build MKLDNN with ${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}")
MESSAGE(STATUS "Build MKLDNN with MKLML ${MKLML_ROOT}")
ELSE()
MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Should enable MKLML when build MKLDNN")
ENDIF()
SET(MKLDNN_CFLAG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-error=strict-overflow")
SET(MKLDNN_CXXFLAG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-error=strict-overflow")
ExternalProject_Add(
${MKLDNN_PROJECT}
${EXTERNAL_PROJECT_LOG_ARGS}
DEPENDS ${MKLDNN_DEPENDS}
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn.git"
GIT_TAG "v0.10"
GIT_TAG "v0.11"
PREFIX ${MKLDNN_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${MKLDNN_INSTALL_DIR}
CMAKE_ARGS -DMKLROOT=${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}
CMAKE_ARGS -DMKLROOT=${MKLML_ROOT}
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=${MKLDNN_CFLAG}
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${MKLDNN_CXXFLAG}
CMAKE_CACHE_ARGS -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=${MKLDNN_INSTALL_DIR}
-DMKLROOT:PATH=${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}
-DMKLROOT:PATH=${MKLML_ROOT}
)
ADD_LIBRARY(mkldnn SHARED IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET mkldnn PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${MKLDNN_LIB})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(mkldnn ${MKLDNN_PROJECT})
MESSAGE(STATUS "Mkldnn library: ${MKLDNN_LIB}")
MESSAGE(STATUS "MKLDNN library: ${MKLDNN_LIB}")
add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_MKLDNN)
LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies mkldnn)
......@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ ENDIF()
INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
SET(MKLML_PROJECT "extern_mklml")
SET(MKLML_VER "mklml_lnx_2018.0.20170720")
SET(MKLML_URL "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/releases/download/v0.10/${MKLML_VER}.tgz")
SET(MKLML_VER "mklml_lnx_2018.0.1.20171007")
SET(MKLML_URL "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/releases/download/v0.11/${MKLML_VER}.tgz")
SET(MKLML_SOURCE_DIR "${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/mklml")
SET(MKLML_DOWNLOAD_DIR "${MKLML_SOURCE_DIR}/src/${MKLML_PROJECT}")
SET(MKLML_DST_DIR "mklml")
......
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
if(NOT WITH_GPU)
return()
endif()
include(ExternalProject)
set(NCCL_SOURCE_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/nccl)
......
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
......@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
"${CBLAS_INSTALL_DIR}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}openblas${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
CACHE FILEPATH "openblas library." FORCE)
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable")
IF(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS HOSTCC=${HOST_C_COMPILER})
......@@ -45,15 +45,14 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV8 BINARY=64 USE_THREAD=0)
ENDIF()
ELSEIF(IOS)
# FIXME(liuyiqun): support multiple architectures
SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "b5c96fcfcdc82945502a2303116a64d89985daf5")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -isysroot ${CMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT}")
IF(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES "armv7")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} -arch armv7")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV7 ARM_SOFTFP_ABI=1 USE_THREAD=0)
ELSEIF(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES "arm64")
IF(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES "arm64")
SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "b5c96fcfcdc82945502a2303116a64d89985daf5")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -isysroot ${CMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT}")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} -arch arm64")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV8 BINARY=64 USE_THREAD=0 CROSS_SUFFIX=${CROSS_SUFFIX})
ELSE()
MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "OpenBLAS only support arm64 architectures on iOS. "
"You can set IOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS=ON or USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS=ON to use other blas library instead.")
ENDIF()
ELSEIF(RPI)
# use hardfp
......@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
)
SET(CBLAS_PROVIDER openblas)
IF(WITH_C_API)
INSTALL(DIRECTORY ${CBLAS_INC_DIR} DESTINATION third_party/openblas)
# Because libopenblas.a is a symbolic link of another library, thus need to
......@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
ENDIF()
INSTALL(CODE "execute_process(
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_directory ${CBLAS_INSTALL_DIR}/lib
destination ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/${TMP_INSTALL_DIR}
${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/${TMP_INSTALL_DIR}
)"
)
INSTALL(CODE "MESSAGE(STATUS \"Installing: \"
......@@ -115,11 +114,7 @@ INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${CBLAS_INC_DIR})
# linear algebra libraries for cc_library(xxx SRCS xxx.c DEPS cblas)
SET(dummyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cblas_dummy.c)
FILE(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy = \"${dummyfile}\";")
IF(${CBLAS_PROVIDER} MATCHES MKL)
ADD_LIBRARY(cblas SHARED ${dummyfile})
ELSE()
ADD_LIBRARY(cblas STATIC ${dummyfile})
ENDIF()
ADD_LIBRARY(cblas STATIC ${dummyfile})
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(cblas ${CBLAS_LIBRARIES})
IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
......
......@@ -15,7 +15,18 @@
INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
# Always invoke `FIND_PACKAGE(Protobuf)` for importing function protobuf_generate_cpp
FIND_PACKAGE(Protobuf QUIET)
SET(PROTOBUF_FOUND "OFF")
macro(UNSET_VAR VAR_NAME)
UNSET(${VAR_NAME} CACHE)
UNSET(${VAR_NAME})
endmacro()
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_LIBRARY)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_LIBRARY)
UNSET_VAR(PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR)
UNSET_VAR(Protobuf_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE)
if(NOT COMMAND protobuf_generate_python) # before cmake 3.4, protobuf_genrerate_python is not defined.
function(protobuf_generate_python SRCS)
......@@ -110,7 +121,6 @@ macro(PROMPT_PROTOBUF_LIB)
# FIND_Protobuf.cmake uses `Protobuf_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE`.
# make `protobuf_generate_cpp` happy.
SET(Protobuf_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE ${PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE})
FOREACH(dep ${protobuf_DEPS})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(protobuf ${dep})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(protobuf_lite ${dep})
......@@ -128,11 +138,11 @@ endmacro()
set(PROTOBUF_ROOT "" CACHE PATH "Folder contains protobuf")
if (NOT "${PROTOBUF_ROOT}" STREQUAL "")
find_path(PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR google/protobuf/message.h PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/include)
find_library(PROTOBUF_LIBRARY protobuf PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib)
find_library(PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY protobuf-lite PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib)
find_library(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_LIBRARY protoc PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib)
find_program(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE protoc PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/bin)
find_path(PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR google/protobuf/message.h PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/include NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_library(PROTOBUF_LIBRARY protobuf PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_library(PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY protobuf-lite PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_library(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_LIBRARY protoc PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_program(PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE protoc PATHS ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}/bin NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
if (PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR AND PROTOBUF_LIBRARY AND PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY AND PROTOBUF_PROTOC_LIBRARY AND PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE)
message(STATUS "Using custom protobuf library in ${PROTOBUF_ROOT}.")
SET_PROTOBUF_VERSION()
......@@ -178,14 +188,26 @@ FUNCTION(build_protobuf TARGET_NAME BUILD_FOR_HOST)
SET(OPTIONAL_CACHE_ARGS "-DZLIB_ROOT:STRING=${ZLIB_ROOT}")
ENDIF()
SET(PROTOBUF_REPO "https://github.com/google/protobuf.git")
SET(PROTOBUF_TAG "9f75c5aa851cd877fb0d93ccc31b8567a6706546")
IF(MOBILE_INFERENCE)
# The reason why the official version is not used is described in
# https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/6114
SET(PROTOBUF_REPO "https://github.com/qingqing01/protobuf.git")
SET(PROTOBUF_TAG "v3.2.0")
IF(NOT BUILD_FOR_HOST)
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} "-Dprotobuf_BUILD_PROTOC_BINARIES=OFF")
ENDIF()
ENDIF()
ExternalProject_Add(
${TARGET_NAME}
${EXTERNAL_PROJECT_LOG_ARGS}
PREFIX ${PROTOBUF_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
DEPENDS zlib
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/google/protobuf.git"
GIT_TAG "9f75c5aa851cd877fb0d93ccc31b8567a6706546"
GIT_REPOSITORY ${PROTOBUF_REPO}
GIT_TAG ${PROTOBUF_TAG}
CONFIGURE_COMMAND
${CMAKE_COMMAND} ${PROTOBUF_SOURCES_DIR}/src/${TARGET_NAME}/cmake
${OPTIONAL_ARGS}
......@@ -203,7 +225,11 @@ FUNCTION(build_protobuf TARGET_NAME BUILD_FOR_HOST)
)
ENDFUNCTION()
SET(PROTOBUF_VERSION 3.1)
IF(NOT MOBILE_INFERENCE)
SET(PROTOBUF_VERSION 3.1)
ELSE()
SET(PROTOBUF_VERSION 3.2)
ENDIF()
IF(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
build_protobuf(protobuf_host TRUE)
LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies protobuf_host)
......
INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
SET(PYBIND_SOURCE_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/pybind)
if(NOT WITH_PYTHON)
return()
endif()
include(ExternalProject)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${PYBIND_SOURCE_DIR}/src/extern_pybind/include)
set(PYBIND_SOURCE_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/pybind)
include_directories(${PYBIND_SOURCE_DIR}/src/extern_pybind/include)
ExternalProject_Add(
extern_pybind
......@@ -17,14 +35,12 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
TEST_COMMAND ""
)
if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.3.0")
if(${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.3.0")
set(dummyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/pybind_dummy.c)
file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy_any = \"${dummyfile}\";")
file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy_pybind = \"${dummyfile}\";")
add_library(pybind STATIC ${dummyfile})
else()
add_library(pybind INTERFACE)
endif()
add_dependencies(pybind extern_pybind)
LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies pybind)
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
......
......@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
IF(MOBILE_INFERENCE)
return()
ENDIF()
INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
SET(WARPCTC_SOURCES_DIR ${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/warpctc)
......
# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
......@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
)
LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies zlib)
ADD_LIBRARY(zlib_target STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET zlib_target PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
IF(WITH_C_API)
INSTALL(DIRECTORY ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR} DESTINATION third_party/zlib)
......
......@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ set(COMMON_FLAGS
-Wno-error=sign-compare
-Wno-error=unused-local-typedefs
-Wno-error=parentheses-equality # Warnings in pybind11
-Wno-error=ignored-attributes # Warnings in Eigen, gcc 6.3
-Wno-error=terminate # Warning in PADDLE_ENFORCE
)
set(GPU_COMMON_FLAGS
......@@ -149,58 +151,3 @@ endforeach()
foreach(flag ${GPU_COMMON_FLAGS})
safe_set_nvflag(${flag})
endforeach()
set(CUDA_PROPAGATE_HOST_FLAGS OFF)
# Release/Debug flags set by cmake. Such as -O3 -g -DNDEBUG etc.
# So, don't set these flags here.
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS -std=c++11)
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS --use_fast_math)
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO})
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "MinSizeRel")
LIST(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL})
endif()
function(specify_cuda_arch cuda_version cuda_arch)
if(${cuda_version} VERSION_GREATER "8.0")
foreach(capability 61 62)
if(${cuda_arch} STREQUAL ${capability})
list(APPEND __arch_flags " -gencode arch=compute_${cuda_arch},code=sm_${cuda_arch}")
endif()
endforeach()
elseif(${cuda_version} VERSION_GREATER "7.0" and ${cuda_arch} STREQUAL "53")
list(APPEND __arch_flags " -gencode arch=compute_${cuda_arch},code=sm_${cuda_arch}")
endif()
endfunction()
# Common gpu architectures: Kepler, Maxwell
foreach(capability 30 35 50)
list(APPEND __arch_flags " -gencode arch=compute_${capability},code=sm_${capability}")
endforeach()
if (CUDA_VERSION VERSION_GREATER "7.0" OR CUDA_VERSION VERSION_EQUAL "7.0")
list(APPEND __arch_flags " -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52")
endif()
# Modern gpu architectures: Pascal
if (CUDA_VERSION VERSION_GREATER "8.0" OR CUDA_VERSION VERSION_EQUAL "8.0")
list(APPEND __arch_flags " -gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60")
list(APPEND CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS --expt-relaxed-constexpr)
endif()
# Custom gpu architecture
set(CUDA_ARCH)
if(CUDA_ARCH)
specify_cuda_arch(${CUDA_VERSION} ${CUDA_ARCH})
endif()
set(CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS ${__arch_flags} ${CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS})
......@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
if(NOT APPLE AND NOT ANDROID)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
link_libraries(${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
set(CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE "${CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE} -ldl -lrt")
set(CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE "${CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE} -pthread -ldl -lrt")
endif(NOT APPLE AND NOT ANDROID)
function(merge_static_libs TARGET_NAME)
......@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ function(cc_test TARGET_NAME)
set(multiValueArgs SRCS DEPS)
cmake_parse_arguments(cc_test "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
add_executable(${TARGET_NAME} ${cc_test_SRCS})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${cc_test_DEPS} gtest gtest_main)
add_dependencies(${TARGET_NAME} ${cc_test_DEPS} gtest gtest_main)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${cc_test_DEPS} paddle_gtest_main paddle_memory gtest gflags)
add_dependencies(${TARGET_NAME} ${cc_test_DEPS} paddle_gtest_main paddle_memory gtest gflags)
add_test(NAME ${TARGET_NAME} COMMAND ${TARGET_NAME} WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
endif()
endfunction(cc_test)
......@@ -288,8 +288,8 @@ function(nv_test TARGET_NAME)
set(multiValueArgs SRCS DEPS)
cmake_parse_arguments(nv_test "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
cuda_add_executable(${TARGET_NAME} ${nv_test_SRCS})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${nv_test_DEPS} gtest gtest_main)
add_dependencies(${TARGET_NAME} ${nv_test_DEPS} gtest gtest_main)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${nv_test_DEPS} paddle_gtest_main paddle_memory gtest gflags)
add_dependencies(${TARGET_NAME} ${nv_test_DEPS} paddle_gtest_main paddle_memory gtest gflags)
add_test(${TARGET_NAME} ${TARGET_NAME})
endif()
endfunction(nv_test)
......@@ -459,11 +459,58 @@ function(py_test TARGET_NAME)
if(WITH_TESTING)
set(options STATIC static SHARED shared)
set(oneValueArgs "")
set(multiValueArgs SRCS DEPS)
cmake_parse_arguments(py_test "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
set(multiValueArgs SRCS DEPS ARGS)
cmake_parse_arguments(py_test "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
add_test(NAME ${TARGET_NAME}
COMMAND env PYTHONPATH=${PADDLE_PYTHON_BUILD_DIR}/lib-python
python2 ${py_test_SRCS}
${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE} -u ${py_test_SRCS} ${py_test_ARGS}
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
endif()
endfunction()
# grpc_library generate grpc code using grpc_cpp_plugin and protoc
# then build the generated protobuf code and grpc code with your
# implementation source codes together. Use SRCS argument for your
# implementation source files and PROTO argument for your .proto
# files.
#
# Usage: grpc_library(my_target SRCS my_client.cc PROTO my_target.proto DEPS my_dep)
function(grpc_library TARGET_NAME)
set(oneValueArgs PROTO)
set(multiValueArgs SRCS DEPS)
set(options "")
cmake_parse_arguments(grpc_library "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
message(STATUS "generating grpc ${grpc_library_PROTO}")
get_filename_component(ABS_PROTO ${grpc_library_PROTO} ABSOLUTE)
get_filename_component(PROTO_WE ${grpc_library_PROTO} NAME_WE)
get_filename_component(PROTO_PATH ${ABS_PROTO} PATH)
protobuf_generate_cpp(grpc_proto_srcs grpc_proto_hdrs "${ABS_PROTO}")
set(grpc_grpc_srcs "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROTO_WE}.grpc.pb.cc")
set(grpc_grpc_hdrs "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROTO_WE}.grpc.pb.h")
cc_library("${TARGET_NAME}_proto" SRCS "${grpc_proto_srcs}")
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT "${grpc_grpc_srcs}" "${grpc_grpc_hdrs}"
COMMAND ${PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE}
ARGS --grpc_out "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}" -I "${PROTO_PATH}"
--plugin=protoc-gen-grpc="${GRPC_CPP_PLUGIN}" "${ABS_PROTO}"
DEPENDS "${ABS_PROTO}" ${PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE} extern_grpc)
# FIXME(typhoonzero): grpc generated code do not generate virtual-dtor, mark it
# as compiler warnings instead of error. Should try remove the warnings also.
set_source_files_properties(
${grpc_grpc_srcs}
PROPERTIES
COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-error=non-virtual-dtor -Wno-error=delete-non-virtual-dtor")
cc_library("${TARGET_NAME}_grpc" SRCS "${grpc_grpc_srcs}")
set_source_files_properties(
${grpc_library_SRCS}
PROPERTIES
COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-error=non-virtual-dtor -Wno-error=delete-non-virtual-dtor")
cc_library("${TARGET_NAME}" SRCS "${grpc_library_SRCS}" DEPS "${TARGET_NAME}_grpc" "${TARGET_NAME}_proto" "${grpc_library_DEPS}")
endfunction()
# This file is use to check all support level of AVX on your machine
# so that PaddlePaddle can unleash the vectorization power of muticore.
INCLUDE(CheckCXXSourceRuns)
INCLUDE(CheckCXXSourceCompiles)
include(CheckCXXSourceRuns)
include(CheckCXXSourceCompiles)
IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
set(MMX_FLAG "-mmmx")
set(SSE2_FLAG "-msse2")
set(SSE3_FLAG "-msse3")
SET(AVX_FLAG "-mavx")
SET(AVX2_FLAG "-mavx2")
ELSEIF(MSVC)
set(AVX_FLAG "-mavx")
set(AVX2_FLAG "-mavx2")
elseif(MSVC)
set(MMX_FLAG "/arch:MMX")
set(SSE2_FLAG "/arch:SSE2")
set(SSE3_FLAG "/arch:SSE3")
SET(AVX_FLAG "/arch:AVX")
SET(AVX2_FLAG "/arch:AVX2")
ENDIF()
endif()
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS_RETAINED ${CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS})
# Check MMX
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${MMX_FLAG})
set(MMX_FOUND_EXITCODE 1 CACHE STRING "Result from TRY_RUN" FORCE)
CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_RUNS("
#include <mmintrin.h>
int main()
......@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ int main()
# Check SSE2
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${SSE2_FLAG})
set(SSE2_FOUND_EXITCODE 1 CACHE STRING "Result from TRY_RUN" FORCE)
CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_RUNS("
#include <emmintrin.h>
int main()
......@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ int main()
# Check SSE3
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${SSE3_FLAG})
set(SSE3_FOUND_EXITCODE 1 CACHE STRING "Result from TRY_RUN" FORCE)
CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_RUNS("
#include <pmmintrin.h>
int main()
......@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ int main()
# Check AVX
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${AVX_FLAG})
set(AVX_FOUND_EXITCODE 1 CACHE STRING "Result from TRY_RUN" FORCE)
CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_RUNS("
#include <immintrin.h>
int main()
......@@ -67,6 +71,7 @@ int main()
# Check AVX 2
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${AVX2_FLAG})
set(AVX2_FOUND_EXITCODE 1 CACHE STRING "Result from TRY_RUN" FORCE)
CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_RUNS("
#include <immintrin.h>
int main()
......
......@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ function(link_paddle_exe TARGET_NAME)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} log)
endif(ANDROID)
if(WITH_MKLDNN AND WITH_MKLML AND MKLDNN_IOMP_DIR)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} "-L${MKLDNN_IOMP_DIR} -liomp5 -Wl,--as-needed")
if(WITH_MKLML AND MKLML_LIB_DIR AND MKLML_IOMP_LIB)
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} "-L${MKLML_LIB_DIR} -liomp5 -Wl,--as-needed")
endif()
add_dependencies(${TARGET_NAME} ${external_project_dependencies})
......@@ -168,17 +168,3 @@ function(create_resources res_file output_file)
COMMAND python ARGS ${PADDLE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/make_resource.py ${res_file} ${output_file}
DEPENDS ${res_file} ${PADDLE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/make_resource.py)
endfunction()
# Create a python unittest using run_python_tests.sh,
# which takes care of making correct running environment
function(add_python_test TEST_NAME)
foreach(arg ${ARGN})
get_filename_component(py_fn ${arg} NAME_WE)
set(TRG_NAME ${TEST_NAME}_${py_fn})
add_test(NAME ${TRG_NAME}
COMMAND env PYTHONPATH=${PADDLE_PYTHON_PACKAGE_DIR}
python2 ${arg}
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
endforeach()
endfunction()
......@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ API
v2/model_configs.rst
v2/data.rst
v2/run_logic.rst
v2/fluid.rst
......@@ -99,3 +99,10 @@ STanh
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.activation
:members: STanh
:noindex:
SoftSign
========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.activation
:members: SoftSign
:noindex:
......@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ img_conv
.. _api_v2.layer_context_projection:
context_projection
context_projection
------------------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.context_projection
:noindex:
......@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Image Pooling Layer
img_pool
--------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.img_pool
:noindex:
:noindex:
spp
---
......@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ maxout
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.maxout
:noindex:
roi_pool
--------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.roi_pool
:noindex:
Norm Layer
==========
......@@ -99,7 +104,7 @@ sum_to_one_norm
---------------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.sum_to_one_norm
:noindex:
cross_channel_norm
------------------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.cross_channel_norm
......@@ -109,7 +114,7 @@ row_l2_norm
-----------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.row_l2_norm
:noindex:
Recurrent Layers
================
......@@ -330,6 +335,16 @@ bilinear_interp
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.bilinear_interp
:noindex:
dot_prod
---------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.dot_prod
:noindex:
out_prod
--------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.out_prod
:noindex:
power
-----
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.power
......@@ -367,6 +382,11 @@ cos_sim
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.cos_sim
:noindex:
l2_distance
-----------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.l2_distance
:noindex:
trans
-----
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.trans
......@@ -395,6 +415,13 @@ multiplex
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.multiplex
:noindex:
Factorization Machine Layer
============================
factorization_machine
---------------------
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.layer.factorization_machine
:noindex:
Slicing and Joining Layers
==========================
......
......@@ -2,112 +2,9 @@
Data Reader Interface and DataSets
==================================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
DataTypes
=========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.data_type
:members:
:noindex:
DataFeeder
==========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.data_feeder
:members:
:noindex:
Reader
======
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.reader
:members:
:noindex:
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.reader.creator
:members:
:noindex:
minibatch
=========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.minibatch
:members:
:noindex:
Dataset
=======
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset
:members:
:noindex:
mnist
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.mnist
:members:
:noindex:
cifar
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.cifar
:members:
:noindex:
conll05
+++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.conll05
:members: get_dict,get_embedding,test
:noindex:
imdb
++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imdb
:members:
:noindex:
imikolov
++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imikolov
:members:
:noindex:
movielens
+++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens
:members:
:noindex:
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.MovieInfo
:noindex:
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.UserInfo
:noindex:
sentiment
+++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.sentiment
:members:
:noindex:
uci_housing
+++++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.uci_housing
:members:
:noindex:
wmt14
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.wmt14
:members:
:noindex:
data/data_reader.rst
data/image.rst
data/dataset.rst
=====================
Data Reader Interface
=====================
DataTypes
=========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.data_type
:members:
:noindex:
DataFeeder
==========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.data_feeder
:members:
:noindex:
Reader
======
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.reader
:members:
:noindex:
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.reader.creator
:members:
:noindex:
minibatch
=========
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.minibatch
:members:
:noindex:
Dataset
=======
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset
:members:
:noindex:
mnist
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.mnist
:members:
:noindex:
cifar
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.cifar
:members:
:noindex:
conll05
+++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.conll05
:members: get_dict,get_embedding,test
:noindex:
imdb
++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imdb
:members:
:noindex:
imikolov
++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imikolov
:members:
:noindex:
movielens
+++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens
:members:
:noindex:
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.MovieInfo
:noindex:
.. autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.UserInfo
:noindex:
sentiment
+++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.sentiment
:members:
:noindex:
uci_housing
+++++++++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.uci_housing
:members:
:noindex:
wmt14
+++++
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.wmt14
:members:
:noindex:
Image Interface
===============
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.image
:members:
======================
Fluid
======================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
fluid/layers.rst
fluid/data_feeder.rst
fluid/executor.rst
fluid/initializer.rst
fluid/evaluator.rst
fluid/nets.rst
fluid/optimizer.rst
fluid/param_attr.rst
fluid/profiler.rst
fluid/regularizer.rst
===========
DataFeeder
===========
DataFeeder
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.data_feeder
:members: DataFeeder
:noindex:
===========
Evaluator
===========
Evaluator
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.evaluator
:members: Evaluator
:noindex:
===========
Executor
===========
Executor
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.executor
:members: Executor
:noindex:
===========
Initializer
===========
Initializer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: Initializer
:noindex:
ConstantInitializer
-------------------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: ConstantInitializer
:noindex:
UniformInitializer
------------------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: UniformInitializer
:noindex:
NormalInitializer
-----------------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: NormalInitializer
:noindex:
XavierInitializer
-----------------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: XavierInitializer
:noindex:
MSRAInitializer
---------------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.initializer
:members: MSRAInitializer
:noindex:
==========
Layers
==========
fc
---
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.fc
:noindex:
embedding
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.embedding
:noindex:
dynamic_lstm
------------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.dynamic_lstm
:noindex:
data
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.data
:noindex:
mean
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.mean
:noindex:
mul
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.mul
:noindex:
elementwise_add
---------------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.elementwise_add
:noindex:
elementwise_div
---------------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.elementwise_div
:noindex:
dropout
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.dropout
:noindex:
reshape
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.reshape
:noindex:
sigmoid
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.sigmoid
:noindex:
scale
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.scale
:noindex:
reshape
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.reshape
:noindex:
transpose
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.transpose
:noindex:
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.esigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits
:noindex:
cast
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.cast
:noindex:
concat
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.concat
:noindex:
sums
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.sums
:noindex:
linear_chain_crf
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.linear_chain_crf
:noindex:
assign
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.embedding
:noindex:
split_lod_tensor
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.split_lod_tensor
:noindex:
merge_lod_tensor
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.merge_lod_tensor
:noindex:
cos_sim
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.cos_sim
:noindex:
cross_entropy
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.cross_entropy
:noindex:
square_error_cost
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.square_error_cost
:noindex:
accuracy
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.accuracy
:noindex:
sequence_conv
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.sequence_conv
:noindex:
conv2d
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.conv2d
:noindex:
sequence_pool
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.sequence_pool
:noindex:
pool2d
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.pool2d
:noindex:
batch_norm
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.batch_norm
:noindex:
beam_search_decode
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.beam_search_decode
:noindex:
lstm
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.lstm
:noindex:
lod_rank_table
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.lod_rank_table
:noindex:
max_sequence_len
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.max_sequence_len
:noindex:
topk
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.topk
:noindex:
lod_tensor_to_array
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.lod_tensor_to_array
:noindex:
array_to_lod_tensor
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.array_to_lod_tensor
:noindex:
fill_constant
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.fill_constant
:noindex:
fill_constant_batch_size_like
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.fill_constant_batch_size_like
:noindex:
ones
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.ones
:noindex:
zeros
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.zeros
:noindex:
increment
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.increment
:noindex:
array_write
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.array_write
:noindex:
create_array
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.create_array
:noindex:
less_than
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.less_than
:noindex:
array_read
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.array_read
:noindex:
shrink_memory
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.shrink_memory
:noindex:
array_length
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.array_length
:noindex:
conv2d_transpose
---------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.layers.conv2d_transpose
:noindex:
===========
Nets
===========
simple_img_conv_pool
-----------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.nets.simple_img_conv_pool
:noindex:
img_conv_group
-----------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.nets.img_conv_group
:noindex:
sequence_conv_pool
-----------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.nets.sequence_conv_pool
:noindex:
===========
Optimizer
===========
Optimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: Optimizer
:noindex:
SGDOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: SGDOptimizer
:noindex:
MomentumOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: MomentumOptimizer
:noindex:
AdagradOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: AdagradOptimizer
:noindex:
AdamOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: AdamOptimizer
:noindex:
AdamaxOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: AdamaxOptimizer
:noindex:
DecayedAdagradOptimizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.optimizer
:members: DecayedAdagradOptimizer
:noindex:
===========
ParamAttr
===========
ParamAttr
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.param_attr
:members: ParamAttr
:noindex:
===========
Profiler
===========
Profiler
-----------
.. autofunction:: paddle.v2.fluid.profiler.cuda_profiler
:noindex:
===========
Regularizer
===========
WeightDecayRegularizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.regularizer
:members: WeightDecayRegularizer
:noindex:
L2DecayRegularizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.regularizer
:members: L2DecayRegularizer
:noindex:
L1DecayRegularizer
-----------
.. automodule:: paddle.v2.fluid.regularizer
:members: L1DecayRegularizer
## Evaluator Design
### Problem Statement
During training or inference, we provide an evaluation function to measure the model performance, for example, accuracy, precision, etc. In the operator based framework design, the data passes through the network pipeline batch by batch. As a result, inside the operator, we only calculate the metrics for one minibatch. Thus, we need to provide a mechanism to calculate the metrics for each N pass/batch the user wants.
### Evaluator Design
Currently, every operation is expressed in the graph. We divide the evaluator process into three steps.
1. Initialize the metric state and add it into the block.
2. Calculate the concerned metrics for every mini-batch. The single evaluator operator is only responsible for calculating the necessary statistics for one mini-batch. For example, the accuracy operator only calculates the accuracy for a minibatch data if run once.
3. Merge the mini-batch statistics to form the evaluation result for multiple mini-batches. When it comes to distributed training/Multi-GPU training, aggregate the value from different devices.
### Implementation
This design is shown in the Python API.
Each metric operator needs to caculate the metric statistic and return the batch-aware states. Python side is responsible for accumulating the states for each pass.
```python
class Evaluator(object):
"""
Evaluator Base class.
"""
def __init__(self, name, **kwargs):
"""
Different evaluator may has different metric states. E.g, Accuracy need two variables, total and right sample counts.
Auc need four variables, `true_positives`,
`true_negatives`, `false_positives` and `false_negatives`. So every evaluator should create its needed variables and append to main_program
The initialization of Evaluator should be responsible for:
create metric states and append to the main_program
"""
pass
def _update_ops(self, input, label, **kwargs)
"""
Add mini-batch evaluator caculate operators to the main_program.
Add increment operator to accumulate the metric states.
"""
def reset(self, executor, reset_program=None):
"""
Reset metric states at the begin of each pass/user specified batch number.
Execute the reset_program to reset the states.
"""
def eval(self, executor, eval_program=None):
"""
Merge the mini-batch statistics to form the evaluation result for multiple mini-batches.
Execute the eval_program and return the result.
"""
return eval_result
```
# Design Doc: float16
## Why float16
Half precision (float16) is a binary floating-point format that occupies 16 bits in memory. float16 is half the size of traditional 32-bit single precision format (float) and has lower precision and smaller range.
When high precision computation is not required, using float16 data type could potentially
- reduce storage space, memory bandwidth, and power usages;
- increase the chance of data fitting into a smaller cache of lower latency;
- provide arithmetic speed up if supported by hardware.
## Survey of current float16 support
A brief survey of float16 support on different compilers, hardwares, and libraries can be found below. Interested readers can refer to [link1](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/4853) and [link2](https://github.com/Xreki/Xreki.github.io/blob/master/multi_data_types_in_dl_framework/ppt/float16_and_quantized_type.md) for more info.
The goal of float16 is to serve as a key for the executor to find and run the correct version of compute method specialized for float16 in operator kernel. It should be compatible with various natively supported float16 implementations including `__half` for cuda, `float16_t` for ARM, and `Eigen::half` for Eigen to make writing customized float16 kernels easier.
### Compiler
- nvcc supports `__half` data type after CUDA 7.5.
- `__fp16` or `float16_t` is supported as storage type for gcc >= 6.1 and clang >= 3.4.
- `__fp16` or `float16_t` is supported as arithmetic type for gcc >= 7.1 and clang >= 3.9.
### Hardware
- `__half` is supported on GPU with compute capability >= 5.3.
- `__fp16` is supported as storage type for ARMv7-A, ARMv8-A, and above.
- `__fp16` is supported as arithmetic type after ARMv8.2-A (currently, the only microarchitecture implementing ARMv8.2-A is ARM Cortex-A75, which is announced in May 2017. There seems to be no application processors currently available on market that adopts this architecture. It is reported that Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 uses Cortex-A75 design and will be available in mobile devices in early 2018).
### Libraries
- [Eigen](https://github.com/RLovelett/eigen) >= 3.3 supports float16 calculation on both GPU and CPU using the `Eigen::half` class. It is mostly useful for Nvidia GPUs because of the overloaded arithmetic operators using cuda intrinsics. It falls back to using software emulation on CPU for calculation and there is no special treatment to ARM processors.
- [ARM compute library](https://github.com/ARM-software/ComputeLibrary) >= 17.02.01 supports NEON FP16 kernels (requires ARMv8.2-A CPU).
### CUDA version issue
There are currently three versions of CUDA that supports `__half` data type, namely, CUDA 7.5, 8.0, and 9.0.
CUDA 7.5 and 8.0 define `__half` as a simple struct that has a `uint16_t` data (see [`cuda_fp16.h`](https://github.com/ptillet/isaac/blob/9212ab5a3ddbe48f30ef373f9c1fb546804c7a8c/include/isaac/external/CUDA/cuda_fp16.h)) as follows:
```
typedef struct __align__(2) {
unsigned short x;
} __half;
typedef __half half;
```
This struct does not define any overloaded arithmetic operators. So you have to directly use `__hadd` instead of `+` to correctly add two half types:
```
__global__ void Add() {
half a, b, c;
c = __hadd(a, b); // correct
c = a + b; // compiler error: no operator "+" matches these operands
}
```
CUDA 9.0 provides a major update to the half data type. The related code can be found in the updated [`cuda_fp16.h`](https://github.com/ptillet/isaac/blob/master/include/isaac/external/CUDA/cuda_fp16.h) and the newly added [`cuda_fp16.hpp`](https://github.com/ptillet/isaac/blob/master/include/isaac/external/CUDA/cuda_fp16.hpp).
Essentially, CUDA 9.0 renames the original `__half` type in 7.5 and 8.0 as `__half_raw`, and defines a new `__half` class type that has constructors, conversion operators, and also provides overloaded arithmetic operators such as follows:
```
typedef struct __CUDA_ALIGN__(2) {
unsigned short x;
} __half_raw;
struct __CUDA_ALIGN__(2) __half {
protected:
unsigned short __x;
public:
// constructors and conversion operators from/to
// __half_raw and other built-in data types
}
typedef __half half;
__device__ __forceinline__
__half operator+(const __half &lh, const __half &rh) {
return __hadd(lh, rh);
}
// Other overloaded operators
```
This new design makes `c = a + b` work correctly for CUDA half data type.
## Implementation
The float16 class holds a 16-bit `uint16_t` data internally.
```
struct float16 {
uint16_t x;
};
```
float16 supports the following features:
- constructors / assignment operators that take input from primitive data types including bool, integers of various length, float, and double.
- constructors / assignment operators that take input from `__half` on cuda, `float16_t` on ARM, and `Eigen::half` on Eigen.
- conversion operators to primitive data types and half precision data types on cuda, ARM and Eigen.
- overloaded arithmetic operators for cuda, arm, and non-arm cpu, respectively. These operators will take advantage of the cuda and ARM intrinsics on the corresponding hardware.
To support the above features, two fundamental conversion functions are provided:
```
float16 float_to_half_rn(float f); // convert to half precision in round-to-nearest-even mode
float half_to_float(float16 h);
```
which provides one-to-one conversion between float32 and float16. These twos functions will do different conversion routines based on the current hardware. CUDA/ARM instrinsics will be used when the corresonding hardware is available. If the hardware or compiler level does not support float32 to float16 conversion, software emulation will be performed to do the conversion.
## To do
After float16 class is available, some of the future items are below:
- Update pybind/tensor_py.h to bind c++ float16 with numpy float16.
- Modify `GetKernelType()` method in `framework/operator.h` to make it compatible with float16.
- Create a type-casting operator that can convert the data type in tensor between float16 and other types.
# Intel® MKL-DNN on PaddlePaddle: Design Doc
我们计划将Intel深度神经网络数学库(**MKL-DNN**\[[1](#references)\])集成到PaddlePaddle,充分展现英特尔平台的优势,有效提升PaddlePaddle在英特尔架构上的性能。
我们计划将英特尔深度神经网络数学库[Intel MKL-DNN](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn)
(Intel Math Kernel Library for Deep Neural Networks)集成到PaddlePaddle,
充分展现英特尔平台的优势,有效提升PaddlePaddle在英特尔架构上的性能。
我们短期内的基本目标是:
<div align="center">
<img src="image/overview.png"><br/>
Figure 1. PaddlePaddle on IA
</div>
- 完成常用layer的MKL-DNN实现。
近期目标
- 完成常用Layer的MKL-DNN实现。
- 完成常见深度神经网络VGG,GoogLeNet 和 ResNet的MKL-DNN实现。
目前的优化,主要针对PaddlePaddle在重构之前的代码框架以及V1的API。
具体的完成状态可以参见[这里](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/projects/21)
## Contents
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Actions](#actions)
- [CMake](#cmake)
- [Matrix](#matrix)
- [Layers](#layers)
- [Activations](#activations)
- [Parameters](#parameters)
- [Gradients](#gradients)
- [Unit Tests](#unit-tests)
- [Protobuf Messages](#protobuf-messages)
- [Python API](#python-api)
- [Demos](#demos)
- [Benchmarking](#benchmarking)
- [Others](#others)
- [Design Concerns](#design-concerns)
## Overview
我们会把MKL-DNN作为第三方库集成进PaddlePaddle,整体框架图
我们会把MKL-DNN会作为第三方库集成进PaddlePaddle,与其他第三方库一样,会在编译PaddlePaddle的时候下载并编译MKL-DNN。
同时,为了进一步提升PaddlePaddle在基本数学运算的计算速度,我们也将MKLML即(MKL small library\[[1](#references)\])
作为另一个第三方库集成进PaddlePaddle,它只会包括生成好的动态库和头文件。
MKL,MKLML以及MKL-DNN三者关系如下表:
| Name | Open Source | License | Descriptions |
| :---------- | :--------------- | :---------- | :------------ |
| MKL | No | Proprietary | Accelerate math processing routines |
| MKLML | No | Proprietary | Small package of MKL, especially for Machine Learning |
| MKL-DNN | Yes | Apache 2.0 | Accelerate primitives processing routines especially for Deep Neural Networks |
MKLML可以与MKL-DNN共同使用,以此达到最好的性能。
<div align="center">
<img src="image/overview.png" width=350><br/>
Figure 1. PaddlePaddle on IA.
<img src="image/engine.png"><br/>
Figure 2. PaddlePaddle with MKL Engines
</div>
## Actions
我们把集成方案大致分为了如下几个方面。
添加的相关文件和目录结构如下:
```txt
PaddlePaddle/Paddle
├── ...
├── cmake/
│ ├── external/
│ │ ├── ...
│ │ ├── mkldnn.cmake
│ │ └── mklml.cmake
└── paddle/
├── ...
├── math/
│ ├── ...
│ └── MKLDNNMatrix.*
└── gserver/
├── ...
├── layers/
│ ├── ...
│ └── MKLDNN*Layer.*
├── activations/
│ ├── ...
│ └── MKLDNNActivations.*
└── tests/
├── ...
├── MKLDNNTester.*
└── test_MKLDNN.cpp
```
### CMake
我们会在`CMakeLists.txt`中会添加`WITH_MKLDNN`的选项,当设置这个值为`ON`的时候会启用编译MKL-DNN功能。同时会自动开启OpenMP用于提高MKL-DNN的性能。
`CMakeLists.txt`中提供一个与MKL有关的总开关:`WITH_MKL`,它负责决定编译时是否使用MKLML和MKL-DNN
同时,我们会引入`WITH_MKLML`选项,用于选择是否使用MKL-DNN自带的MKLML安装包。这个安装包可以独立于MKL-DNN使用,但是建议在开启MKL-DNN的同时也打开MKLML的开关,这样才能发挥最好的性能。
- `WITH_MKLML` 控制是否使用MKLML库。
当打开`WITH_MKL`时,会自动使用MKLML库作为PaddlePaddle的CBLAS和LAPACK库,同时会开启Intel OpenMP用于提高MKLML的性能。
编译时会把对应的头文件和库放在`build/third_party/install/mklml/*`目录下对应的地方。
MKLML的库目前都是动态库,主要包括`libiomp5.so``libmklml_intel.so`
- `WITH_MKLDNN` 控制是否使用MKL-DNN。
当开启`WITH_MKL`时,会自动根据硬件配置[[2](#references)]选择是否编译MKL-DNN。
编译时会把对应的头文件和库放在`build/third_party/install/mkldnn/*`目录下对应的地方。
MKL-DNN的库目前只有动态库`libmkldnn.so`
所以,我们会在`cmake/external`目录新建`mkldnn.cmake``mklml.cmake`文件,它们会在编译PaddlePaddle的时候下载对应的软件包,并放到PaddlePaddle的third party目录中。
### Matrix
目前在PaddlePaddle中数据都是以`NCHW`的格式存储,但是在MKL-DNN中的排列方式不止这一种。
所以我们定义了一个`MKLDNNMatrix`用于管理MKL-DNN数据的不同格式以及相互之间的转换。
**备注**:当`WITH_MKLML=ON`的时候,会优先使用这个包作为PaddlePaddle的CBLAS和LAPACK库,所以会稍微改动`cmake/cblas.cmake`中的逻辑。
<div align="center">
<img src="image/matrix.png"><br/>
Figure 3. MKLDNNMatrix
</div>
### Layers
所有MKL-DNN相关的C++ layers,都会按照PaddlePaddle的目录结构存放在
`paddle/gserver/layers`中,并且文件名都会一以*Mkldnn*开头。
所有MKL-DNN的Layers都会继承于`MKLDNNLayer`,该类继承于PaddlePaddle的基类`Layer`
`MKLDNNLayer`中会提供一些必要的接口和函数,并且会写好`forward``backward`的基本逻辑,
子类只需要使用定义好的接口,实现具体的函数功能即可。
所有MKL-DNN的layers都会继承于一个叫做`MkldnnLayer`的父类,该父类继承于PaddlePaddle的基类`Layer`
<div align="center">
<img src="image/layers.png"><br/>
Figure 4. MKLDNNLayer
</div>
### Activations
由于在PaddlePaddle中,激活函数是独立于layer概念的,所以会在`paddle/gserver/activations`目录下添加一个`MkldnnActivation.h`文件定义一些用于MKL-DNN的接口,实现方法还是会在`ActivationFunction.cpp`文件。
每个MKLDNNLayer都包含用于内部存储和外部存储的一系列MKLDNNMatrix:
### Unit Tests
会在`paddle/gserver/test`目录下添加`test_Mkldnn.cpp``MkldnnTester.*`用于MKL-DNN的测试。
- 内部存储(internel memory):`inVal_`,`inGrad_`,`outVal_``outGrad_`,分别代表输入数据,输入梯度,输出数据和输出梯度。
- 外部存储(external memory):都是以ext开头,比如`extInVal_``extInGrad_`,它们主要是用于,
当数据格式与PaddlePaddle默认的`NCHW`格式不匹配时,转换内存的工作。
需要注意的是,PaddlePaddle的activation会直接使用`output_.value``output_.grad`
所以`extOutVal_``extOutGrad_`必须分别与`output_.value``output_.grad`共享内存,
如果不需要外部存储用于转换,那么对应的内部存储也会与它们共享内存。
- 转换函数(resetXXX): 包括`resetInValue``resetInGrad``resetOutValue``resetOutGrad`
表示对输入数据,输入梯度,输出数据和输出梯度的转换。
这些函数会根据输入参数重新设置内部和外部存储,当然这两者也可以相等,即表示不需要转换。
注意:每个`MKLDNNlayer`的子类只需要使用内部存储就可以了,所有外部的转换工作都会在reset系列函数中都准备好。
### Activations
在重构前的PaddlePaddle中,激活函数是独立于`Layer`的概念,并且输入输出都是共用一块内存,
所以添加了对应的`MKLDNNActivation`来实现,方式类似于`MKLDNNLayer`
### Parameters
对于有参数的层,我们会保证`MKLDNNLayer`使用的参数与PaddlePaddle申请的buffer共用一块内存。
如果存在数据排列格式不一样的情况时,我们会在网络训练之前把格式转换为MKL-DNN希望的格式,
在训练结束的时候再保存为PaddlePaddle的格式,但是整个训练过程中不需要任何转换。
这样既使得最终保存的参数格式与PaddlePaddle一致,又可以避免不必要的转换。
### Gradients
由于MKL-DNN的操作都是直接覆盖的形式,也就是说输出的结果不会在原来的数据上累加,
这样带来的好处就是不需要一直清空memory,节省了不必要的操作。
但是注意的是,当网络出现分支且在`backward`的时候,需要累加不同Layer传过来的梯度。
所以在`MKLDNNlayer`中实现了一个merge的方法,此时每个小分支的`Input Gradient`
会先临时保存在`MKLDNNMatrix`中,由分支处的Layer负责求和,并把结果放到当前层的`output_.grad`中。
所以整体上,在实现每个子类的时候就不需要关心分支的事情了。
Activation的测试,计划在PaddlePaddle原有的测试文件上直接添加新的测试type。
<div align="center">
<img src="image/gradients.png"><br/>
Figure 5. Merge Gradients
</div>
### Protobuf Messages
根据具体layer的需求可能会在`proto/ModelConfig.proto`里面添加必要的选项。
### Unit Tests
我们会添加`test_MKLDNN.cpp``MKLDNNTester.*`用于MKL-DNN的测试。
测试分为每个Layer(或Activation)的单元测试和简单网络的整体测试。
每个测试会对比PaddlePaddle中CPU算出的结果与MKL-DNN的结果,小于某个比较小的阈值认为通过。
### Python API
目前只考虑**v1 API**
......@@ -73,39 +172,40 @@ if use_mkldnn
self.layer_type = mkldnn_*
```
所有MKL-DNN的layer type会以*mkldnn_*开头,以示区分。
所有MKL-DNN的`layer_type`会以*mkldnn_*开头,这些会在`MKLDNN*Layer`注册layer的时候保证,以示区分。
并且可能在`python/paddle/trainer_config_helper`目录下的`activations.py ``layers.py`里面添加必要的MKL-DNN的接口。
### Demos
会在`v1_api_demo`目录下添加一个`mkldnn`的文件夹,里面放入一些用于MKL-DNN测试的demo脚本。
同时,会在`paddle/utils.Flags`中添加一个`use_mkldnn`的flag,用于选择是否使用MKL-DNN的相关功能。
### Benchmarking
会考虑添加部分逻辑在`benchmark/paddle/image/run.sh`,添加使用MKL-DNN的测试。
会添加相应的脚本在[这里](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/benchmark/paddle/image),用于测试和对比在使用MKL-DNN前后的CNN网络性能。
测试的性能对比结果会在[IntelOptimizedPaddle.md](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/benchmark/IntelOptimizedPaddle.md)
### Others
1. 如果在使用MKL-DNN的情况下,会把CPU的Buffer对齐为64
1. 如果在使用MKL-DNN的情况下,会把CPU的Buffer对齐为4096,具体可以参考MKL-DNN中的[memory](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/blob/master/include/mkldnn.hpp#L673)
2. 深入PaddlePaddle,寻找有没有其他可以优化的可能,进一步优化。比如可能会用OpenMP改进SGD的更新性能。
## Design Concerns
为了更好的符合PaddlePaddle的代码风格\[[2](#references)\],同时又尽可能少的牺牲MKL-DNN的性能\[[3](#references)\]
为了更好的符合PaddlePaddle的代码风格\[[3](#references)\],同时又尽可能少的牺牲MKL-DNN的性能\[[4](#references)\]
我们总结出一些特别需要注意的点:
1. 使用**deviceId_**。为了尽可能少的在父类Layer中添加变量或者函数,我们决定使用已有的`deviceId_`变量来区分layer的属性,定义`-2``MkldnnLayer`特有的设备ID。
2. 重写父类Layer的**init**函数,修改`deviceId_``-2`,代表这个layer是用于跑在MKL-DNN的环境下。
3. 创建`MkldnnMatrix`,用于管理MKL-DNN会用到的相关memory函数、接口以及会用的到格式信息
4. 创建`MkldnnBase`,定义一些除了layer和memory相关的类和函数。包括MKL-DNN会用到`MkldnnStream``CpuEngine`,和未来可能还会用到`FPGAEngine`等。
5.**Argument**里添加两个`MkldnnMatrixPtr`,取名为`mkldnnValue``mkldnnGrad`,用于存放`MkldnnLayer`会用到的memory buffer。 并且添加函数cvt(会修改为一个更加合适的函数名),用于处理"CPU device"和"MKL-DNN device"之间memory的相互转化
6. 在父类`Layer`中的`getOutput`函数中添加一段逻辑,用于判断`deviceId`,并针对device在MKL-DNN和CPU之间不统一的情况,做一个前期转换。 也就是调用`Argument`的cvt函数把output统一到需要的device上。
7. 在原来的`FLAGS`中添加一个`use_mkldnn`的flag,用于选择是否使用MKL-DNN的相关功能。
8. 关于MKLDNN参数的保存。由于MKLDNN参数的格式与PaddlePaddle原有的格式存在不一样的情况,所以需要在保存参数时同时保存该格式信息。目前准备扩展[Header](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/parameter/Parameter.h#L247)里面的`int32_t version`。这个值不管是在v1还是在v2里面,一直保存的是0,所以可以充分利用这个信息,定义一个枚举处理所有MKLDNN的参数格式,从而`MKLDNNLayer`就可以从输入的参数中获取需要的格式信息
1. 使用**deviceId_**。为了尽可能少的在父类Layer中添加变量或者函数,
我们决定使用已有的`deviceId_`变量来区分layer的属性,定义`-2``MKLDNNLayer`特有的设备ID。
2. 重写父类Layer的**init**函数,修改`deviceId_``-2`,代表这个layer是用于跑在MKL-DNN的环境下
3. 创建`MKLDNNBase`,定义一些除了layer和memory相关的类和函数。
包括MKL-DNN会用到`MKLDNNStream``CPUEngine`,和未来可能还会用到`FPGAEngine`
4. 如果MKL-DNN layer的后面接有cpu device,那么就会使`output_.value``extOutVal_`共享内存,
同时数据格式就是`NCHW`,这样下一个cpu device就能拿到正确的数据。
在有普通的CPU layer时, `extOutVal_``extOutGrad_`的格式始终是`NCHW`或者`NC`
## References
1. [Intel Math Kernel Library for Deep Neural Networks (Intel MKL-DNN)](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn "Intel MKL-DNN")
2. [原来的方案](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/pull/3096)会引入**nextLayer**的信息。但是在PaddlePaddle中,无论是重构前的layer还是重构后的op,都不会想要知道next layer/op的信息。
3. MKL-DNN的高性能格式与PaddlePaddle原有的`NCHW`不同(PaddlePaddle中的CUDNN部分使用的也是`NCHW`,所以不存在这个问题),所以需要引入一个转换方法,并且只需要在必要的时候转换这种格式,才能更好的发挥MKL-DNN的性能。
1. [MKL small library](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn#linking-your-application)[Intel MKL](https://software.intel.com/en-us/mkl)的一个子集。
主要包括了深度学习相关的数学原语与操作,一般由MKL-DNN在发布[新版本](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/releases)时一起更新。
2. [MKL-DNN System Requirements](https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn#system-requirements)
目前在PaddlePaddle中,仅会在支持AVX2指令集及以上的机器才使用MKL-DNN。
3. [原来的方案](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/pull/3096)会引入**nextLayer**的信息。
但是在PaddlePaddle中,无论是重构前的layer还是重构后的op,都不会想要知道next layer/op的信息。
4. MKL-DNN的高性能格式与PaddlePaddle原有的`NCHW`不同(PaddlePaddle中的cuDNN部分使用的也是`NCHW`,所以不存在这个问题)。
所以需要引入一个转换方法,并且只需要在必要的时候转换这种格式,才能更好的发挥MKL-DNN的性能。
digraph G {
rnn [label="1-th level RNN" shape=box]
rnn [label="1st level RNN" shape=box]
subgraph cluster0 {
label = "time step 0"
......@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ digraph G {
sent0 [label="sentence"]
sent1 [label="sentence"]
rnn1 [label="2-th level RNN" shape=box]
rnn1 [label="2nd level RNN" shape=box]
sent0 -> rnn1
sent1 -> rnn1
......@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ digraph G {
sent2 [label="sentence"]
sent3 [label="sentence"]
rnn2 [label="2-th level RNN" shape=box]
rnn2 [label="2nd level RNN" shape=box]
sent2 -> rnn2
sent3 -> rnn2
......@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ digraph G {
sent4 [label="sentence"]
sent5 [label="sentence"]
rnn3 [label="2-th level RNN" shape=box]
rnn3 [label="2nd level RNN" shape=box]
sent4 -> rnn3
sent5 -> rnn3
......
# RNNOp design
This document is about an RNN operator which requires that instances in a mini-batch have the same length. We will have a more flexible RNN operator.
This document describes the RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) operator and how it is implemented in PaddlePaddle. The RNN op requires that all instances in a mini-batch have the same length. We will have a more flexible dynamic RNN operator in the future.
## RNN Algorithm Implementation
<p aligh="center">
<p align="center">
<img src="./images/rnn.jpg"/>
</p>
The above diagram shows an RNN unrolled into a full network.
There are several important concepts:
There are several important concepts here:
- *step-net*: the sub-graph to run at each step,
- *memory*, $h_t$, the state of the current step,
- *ex-memory*, $h_{t-1}$, the state of the previous step,
- *initial memory value*, the ex-memory of the first step.
- *step-net*: the sub-graph that runs at each step.
- *memory*, $h_t$, the state of the current step.
- *ex-memory*, $h_{t-1}$, the state of the previous step.
- *initial memory value*, the memory of the first (initial) step.
### Step-scope
There could be local variables defined in step-nets. PaddlePaddle runtime realizes these variables in *step-scopes* -- scopes created for each step.
There could be local variables defined in each step-net. PaddlePaddle runtime realizes these variables in *step-scopes* which are created for each step.
<p aligh="center">
<p align="center">
<img src="./images/rnn.png"/><br/>
Figure 2 the RNN's data flow
Figure 2 illustrates the RNN's data flow
</p>
Please be aware that all steps run the same step-net. Each step
Please be aware that every step runs the same step-net. Each step does the following:
1. creates the step-scope,
2. realizes local variables, including step-outputs, in the step-scope, and
3. runs the step-net, which could use these variables.
1. Creates the step-scope.
2. Initializes the local variables including step-outputs, in the step-scope.
3. Runs the step-net, which uses the above mentioned variables.
The RNN operator will compose its output from step outputs in step scopes.
The RNN operator will compose its output from step outputs in each of the step scopes.
### Memory and Ex-memory
Let's give more details about memory and ex-memory via a simply example:
Let's give more details about memory and ex-memory using a simple example:
$$
h_t = U h_{t-1} + W x_t
$$,
where $h_t$ and $h_{t-1}$ are the memory and ex-memory of step $t$'s respectively.
where $h_t$ and $h_{t-1}$ are the memory and ex-memory (previous memory) of step $t$ respectively.
In the implementation, we can make an ex-memory variable either "refers to" the memory variable of the previous step,
or copy the value of the previous memory value to the current ex-memory variable.
In the implementation, we can make an ex-memory variable either "refer to" the memory variable of the previous step,
or copy the memory value of the previous step to the current ex-memory variable.
### Usage in Python
For more information on Block, please refer to the [design doc](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/block.md).
We can define an RNN's step-net using Block:
We can define an RNN's step-net using a Block:
```python
import paddle as pd
X = some_op() # x is some operator's output, and is a LoDTensor
X = some_op() # x is some operator's output and is a LoDTensor
a = some_op()
# declare parameters
......@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ with rnn.stepnet():
x = rnn.add_input(X)
# declare a memory (rnn's step)
h = rnn.add_memory(init=a)
# h.pre_state() means previous memory of rnn
# h.pre_state(), the previous memory of rnn
new_state = pd.add_two( pd.matmul(W, x) + pd.matmul(U, h.pre_state()))
# update current memory
h.update(new_state)
......@@ -80,19 +80,19 @@ out = rnn()
Python API functions in above example:
- `rnn.add_input` indicates the parameter is a variable that will be segmented into step-inputs.
- `rnn.add_memory` creates a variable used as the memory.
- `rnn.add_outputs` mark the variables that will be concatenated across steps into the RNN output.
- `rnn.add_input`: indicates that the parameter is a variable that will be segmented into step-inputs.
- `rnn.add_memory`: creates a variable used as the memory.
- `rnn.add_outputs`: marks the variables that will be concatenated across steps into the RNN output.
### Nested RNN and LoDTensor
An RNN whose step-net includes other RNN operators is known as an *nested RNN*.
For example, we could have a 2-level RNN, where the top level corresponds to paragraphs, and the lower level corresponds to sentences.
For example, we could have a 2-level RNN, where the top level corresponds to paragraphs, and the lower level corresponds to sentences. Each step of the higher level RNN also receives an input from the corresponding step of the lower level, and additionally the output from the previous time step at the same level.
The following figure illustrates the feeding of text into the lower level, one sentence each step, and the feeding of step outputs to the top level. The final top level output is about the whole text.
The following figure illustrates feeding in text into the lower level, one sentence at a step, and the feeding in step outputs to the top level. The final top level output is about the whole text.
<p aligh="center">
<p align="center">
<img src="./images/2_level_rnn.png"/>
</p>
......@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ a = some_op()
# chapter_data is a set of 128-dim word vectors
# the first level of LoD is sentence
# the second level of LoD is chapter
# the second level of LoD is a chapter
chapter_data = pd.Variable(shape=[None, 128], type=pd.lod_tensor, level=2)
def lower_level_rnn(paragraph):
......@@ -138,14 +138,14 @@ with top_level_rnn.stepnet():
pd.matmul(W0, paragraph_data) + pd.matmul(U0, h.pre_state()))
top_level_rnn.add_outputs(h)
# just output the last step
# output the last step
chapter_out = top_level_rnn(output_all_steps=False)
```
in above example, the construction of the `top_level_rnn` calls `lower_level_rnn`. The input is a LoD Tensor. The top level RNN segments input text data into paragraphs, and the lower level RNN segments each paragraph into sentences.
In the above example, the construction of the `top_level_rnn` calls `lower_level_rnn`. The input is an LoD Tensor. The top level RNN segments input text data into paragraphs, and the lower level RNN segments each paragraph into sentences.
By default, the `RNNOp` will concatenate the outputs from all the time steps,
if the `output_all_steps` set to False, it will only output the final time step.
By default, the `RNNOp` will concatenate the outputs from all the time steps.
If the `output_all_steps` is set to False, it will only output the final time step.
<p align="center">
......
# Design: Sequence Decoder Generating LoDTensors
In tasks such as machine translation and visual captioning,
a [sequence decoder](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book/blob/develop/08.machine_translation/README.md) is necessary to generate sequences, one word at a time.
This documentation describes how to implement the sequence decoder as an operator.
## Beam Search based Decoder
The [beam search algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_search) is necessary when generating sequences. It is a heuristic search algorithm that explores the paths by expanding the most promising node in a limited set.
In the old version of PaddlePaddle, the C++ class `RecurrentGradientMachine` implements the general sequence decoder based on beam search, due to the complexity involved, the implementation relies on a lot of special data structures that are quite trivial and hard to be customized by users.
There are a lot of heuristic tricks in the sequence generation tasks, so the flexibility of sequence decoder is very important to users.
During the refactoring of PaddlePaddle, some new concepts are proposed such as: [LoDTensor](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/framework/lod_tensor.md) and [TensorArray](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/tensor_array.md) that can better support the sequence usage, and they can also help make the implementation of beam search based sequence decoder **more transparent and modular** .
For example, the RNN states, candidates IDs and probabilities of beam search can be represented all as `LoDTensors`;
the selected candidate's IDs in each time step can be stored in a `TensorArray`, and `Packed` to the sentences translated.
## Changing LoD's absolute offset to relative offsets
The current `LoDTensor` is designed to store levels of variable-length sequences. It stores several arrays of integers where each represents a level.
The integers in each level represent the begin and end (not inclusive) offset of a sequence **in the underlying tensor**,
let's call this format the **absolute-offset LoD** for clarity.
The relative-offset LoD can retrieve any sequence very quickly but fails to represent empty sequences, for example, a two-level LoD is as follows
```python
[[0, 3, 9]
[0, 2, 3, 3, 3, 9]]
```
The first level tells that there are two sequences:
- the first's offset is `[0, 3)`
- the second's offset is `[3, 9)`
while on the second level, there are several empty sequences that both begin and end at `3`.
It is impossible to tell how many empty second-level sequences exist in the first-level sequences.
There are many scenarios that rely on empty sequence representation, for example in machine translation or visual captioning, one instance has no translation or the empty candidate set for a prefix.
So let's introduce another format of LoD,
it stores **the offsets of the lower level sequences** and is called **relative-offset** LoD.
For example, to represent the same sequences of the above data
```python
[[0, 3, 6]
[0, 2, 3, 3, 3, 9]]
```
the first level represents that there are two sequences,
their offsets in the second-level LoD is `[0, 3)` and `[3, 5)`.
The second level is the same with the relative offset example because the lower level is a tensor.
It is easy to find out the second sequence in the first-level LoD has two empty sequences.
The following examples are based on relative-offset LoD.
## Usage in a simple machine translation model
Let's start from a simple machine translation model that is simplified from the [machine translation chapter](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book/tree/develop/08.machine_translation) to draw a blueprint of what a sequence decoder can do and how to use it.
The model has an encoder that learns the semantic vector from a sequence, and a decoder which uses the sequence encoder to generate new sentences.
**Encoder**
```python
import paddle as pd
dict_size = 8000
source_dict_size = dict_size
target_dict_size = dict_size
word_vector_dim = 128
encoder_dim = 128
decoder_dim = 128
beam_size = 5
max_length = 120
# encoder
src_word_id = pd.data(
name='source_language_word',
type=pd.data.integer_value_sequence(source_dict_dim))
src_embedding = pd.embedding(size=source_dict_size, size=word_vector_dim)
src_word_vec = pd.lookup(src_embedding, src_word_id)
encoder_out_seq = pd.gru(input=src_word_vec, size=encoder_dim)
encoder_ctx = pd.last_seq(encoder_out_seq)
# encoder_ctx_proj is the learned semantic vector
encoder_ctx_proj = pd.fc(
encoder_ctx, size=decoder_dim, act=pd.activation.Tanh(), bias=None)
```
**Decoder**
```python
def generate():
decoder = pd.while_loop()
with decoder.step():
decoder_mem = decoder.memory(init=encoder_ctx) # mark the memory
generated_ids = decoder.memory() # TODO init to batch_size <s>s
generated_scores = decoder.memory() # TODO init to batch_size 1s or 0s
target_word = pd.lookup(trg_embedding, gendrated_ids)
# expand encoder_ctx's batch to fit target_word's lod
# for example
# decoder_mem.lod is
# [[0 1 3],
# [0 1 3 6]]
# its tensor content is [a1 a2 a3 a4 a5]
# which means there are 2 sentences to translate
# - the first sentence has 1 translation prefixes, the offsets are [0, 1)
# - the second sentence has 2 translation prefixes, the offsets are [1, 3) and [3, 6)
# the target_word.lod is
# [[0, 1, 6]
# [0, 2, 4, 7, 9 12]]
# which means 2 sentences to translate, each has 1 and 5 prefixes
# the first prefix has 2 candidates
# the following has 2, 3, 2, 3 candidates
# the encoder_ctx_expanded's content will be
# [a1 a1 a2 a2 a3 a3 a3 a4 a4 a5 a5 a5]
encoder_ctx_expanded = pd.lod_expand(encoder_ctx, target_word)
decoder_input = pd.fc(
act=pd.activation.Linear(),
input=[target_word, encoder_ctx],
size=3 * decoder_dim)
gru_out, cur_mem = pd.gru_step(
decoder_input, mem=decoder_mem, size=decoder_dim)
scores = pd.fc(
gru_out,
size=trg_dic_size,
bias=None,
act=pd.activation.Softmax())
# K is an config
topk_scores, topk_ids = pd.top_k(scores, K)
topk_generated_scores = pd.add_scalar(topk_scores, generated_scores)
selected_ids, selected_generation_scores = decoder.beam_search(
topk_ids, topk_generated_scores)
# update the states
decoder_mem.update(cur_mem) # tells how to update state
generated_ids.update(selected_ids)
generated_scores.update(selected_generation_scores)
decoder.output(selected_ids)
decoder.output(selected_generation_scores)
translation_ids, translation_scores = decoder()
```
The `decoder.beam_search` is an operator that, given the candidates and the scores of translations including the candidates,
returns the result of the beam search algorithm.
In this way, users can customize anything on the input or output of beam search, for example:
1. Make the corresponding elements in `topk_generated_scores` zero or some small values, beam_search will discard this candidate.
2. Remove some specific candidate in `selected_ids`.
3. Get the final `translation_ids`, remove the translation sequence in it.
The implementation of sequence decoder can reuse the C++ class: [RNNAlgorithm](https://github.com/Superjom/Paddle/blob/68cac3c0f8451fe62a4cdf156747d6dc0ee000b3/paddle/operators/dynamic_recurrent_op.h#L30),
so the python syntax is quite similar to that of an [RNN](https://github.com/Superjom/Paddle/blob/68cac3c0f8451fe62a4cdf156747d6dc0ee000b3/doc/design/block.md#blocks-with-for-and-rnnop).
Both of them are two-level `LoDTensors`:
- The first level represents `batch_size` of (source) sentences.
- The second level represents the candidate ID sets for translation prefix.
For example, 3 source sentences to translate, and has 2, 3, 1 candidates.
Unlike an RNN, in sequence decoder, the previous state and the current state have different LoD and shape, and an `lod_expand` operator is used to expand the LoD of the previous state to fit the current state.
For example, the previous state:
* LoD is `[0, 1, 3][0, 2, 5, 6]`
* content of tensor is `a1 a2 b1 b2 b3 c1`
the current state is stored in `encoder_ctx_expanded`:
* LoD is `[0, 2, 7][0 3 5 8 9 11 11]`
* the content is
- a1 a1 a1 (a1 has 3 candidates, so the state should be copied 3 times for each candidates)
- a2 a2
- b1 b1 b1
- b2
- b3 b3
- None (c1 has 0 candidates, so c1 is dropped)
The benefit from the relative offset LoD is that the empty candidate set can be represented naturally.
The status in each time step can be stored in `TensorArray`, and `Pack`ed to a final LoDTensor. The corresponding syntax is:
```python
decoder.output(selected_ids)
decoder.output(selected_generation_scores)
```
The `selected_ids` are the candidate ids for the prefixes, and will be `Packed` by `TensorArray` to a two-level `LoDTensor`, where the first level represents the source sequences and the second level represents generated sequences.
Packing the `selected_scores` will get a `LoDTensor` that stores scores of each translation candidate.
Packing the `selected_generation_scores` will get a `LoDTensor`, and each tail is the probability of the translation.
## LoD and shape changes during decoding
<p align="center">
<img src="./images/LOD-and-shape-changes-during-decoding.jpg"/>
</p>
According to the image above, the only phase that changes the LoD is beam search.
## Beam search design
The beam search algorithm will be implemented as one method of the sequence decoder and has 3 inputs:
1. `topk_ids`, the top K candidate ids for each prefix.
2. `topk_scores`, the corresponding scores for `topk_ids`
3. `generated_scores`, the score of the prefixes.
All of these are LoDTensors, so that the sequence affiliation is clear. Beam search will keep a beam for each prefix and select a smaller candidate set for each prefix.
It will return three variables:
1. `selected_ids`, the final candidate beam search function selected for the next step.
2. `selected_scores`, the scores for the candidates.
3. `generated_scores`, the updated scores for each prefix (with the new candidates appended).
## Introducing the LoD-based `Pack` and `Unpack` methods in `TensorArray`
The `selected_ids`, `selected_scores` and `generated_scores` are LoDTensors that exist at each time step,
so it is natural to store them in arrays.
Currently, PaddlePaddle has a module called `TensorArray` which can store an array of tensors. It is better to store the results of beam search in a `TensorArray`.
The `Pack` and `UnPack` in `TensorArray` are used to pack tensors in the array to an `LoDTensor` or split the `LoDTensor` to an array of tensors.
It needs some extensions to support the packing or unpacking an array of `LoDTensors`.
# Python Data Reader Design Doc
At training and testing time, PaddlePaddle programs need to read data. To ease the users' work to write data reading code, we define that
During the training and testing phases, PaddlePaddle programs need to read data. To help the users write code that performs reading input data, we define the following:
- A *reader* is a function that reads data (from file, network, random number generator, etc) and yields data items.
- A *reader creator* is a function that returns a reader function.
- A *reader decorator* is a function, which accepts one or more readers, and returns a reader.
- A *batch reader* is a function that reads data (from *reader*, file, network, random number generator, etc) and yields a batch of data items.
- A *reader*: A function that reads data (from file, network, random number generator, etc) and yields the data items.
- A *reader creator*: A function that returns a reader function.
- A *reader decorator*: A function, which takes in one or more readers, and returns a reader.
- A *batch reader*: A function that reads data (from *reader*, file, network, random number generator, etc) and yields a batch of data items.
and provide function which converts reader to batch reader, frequently used reader creators and reader decorators.
and also provide a function which can convert a reader to a batch reader, frequently used reader creators and reader decorators.
## Data Reader Interface
Indeed, *data reader* doesn't have to be a function that reads and yields data items. It can be any function with no parameter that creates a iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`):
*Data reader* doesn't have to be a function that reads and yields data items. It can just be any function without any parameters that creates an iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`) as follows:
```
iterable = data_reader()
```
Element produced from the iterable should be a **single** entry of data, **not** a mini batch. That entry of data could be a single item, or a tuple of items. Item should be of [supported type](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/ui/data_provider/pydataprovider2.html?highlight=dense_vector#input-types) (e.g., numpy 1d array of float32, int, list of int)
The item produced from the iterable should be a **single** entry of data and **not** a mini batch. The entry of data could be a single item or a tuple of items. Item should be of one of the [supported types](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/ui/data_provider/pydataprovider2.html?highlight=dense_vector#input-types) (e.g., numpy 1d array of float32, int, list of int etc.)
An example implementation for single item data reader creator:
An example implementation for single item data reader creator is as follows:
```python
def reader_creator_random_image(width, height):
......@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def reader_creator_random_image(width, height):
return reader
```
An example implementation for multiple item data reader creator:
An example implementation for multiple item data reader creator is as follows:
```python
def reader_creator_random_image_and_label(width, height, label):
def reader():
......@@ -40,9 +40,10 @@ def reader_creator_random_image_and_label(width, height, label):
## Batch Reader Interface
*batch reader* can be any function with no parameter that creates a iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`). The output of the iterable should be a batch (list) of data items. Each item inside the list must be a tuple.
*Batch reader* can be any function without any parameters that creates an iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`). The output of the iterable should be a batch (list) of data items. Each item inside the list should be a tuple.
Here are some valid outputs:
Here are valid outputs:
```python
# a mini batch of three data items. Each data item consist three columns of data, each of which is 1.
[(1, 1, 1),
......@@ -58,20 +59,22 @@ Here are valid outputs:
Please note that each item inside the list must be a tuple, below is an invalid output:
```python
# wrong, [1,1,1] needs to be inside a tuple: ([1,1,1],).
# Otherwise it's ambiguous whether [1,1,1] means a single column of data [1, 1, 1],
# or three column of datas, each of which is 1.
# Otherwise it is ambiguous whether [1,1,1] means a single column of data [1, 1, 1],
# or three columns of data, each of which is 1.
[[1,1,1],
[2,2,2],
[3,3,3]]
```
It's easy to convert from reader to batch reader:
It is easy to convert from a reader to a batch reader:
```python
mnist_train = paddle.dataset.mnist.train()
mnist_train_batch_reader = paddle.batch(mnist_train, 128)
```
Also easy to create custom batch reader:
It is also straight forward to create a custom batch reader:
```python
def custom_batch_reader():
while True:
......@@ -85,7 +88,8 @@ mnist_random_image_batch_reader = custom_batch_reader
## Usage
batch reader, mapping from item(s) read to data layer, batch size and number of total pass will be passed into `paddle.train`:
Following is how we can use the reader with PaddlePaddle:
The batch reader, a mapping from item(s) to data layer, the batch size and the number of total passes will be passed into `paddle.train` as follows:
```python
# two data layer is created:
......@@ -99,13 +103,13 @@ paddle.train(batch_reader, {"image":0, "label":1}, 128, 10, ...)
## Data Reader Decorator
*Data reader decorator* takes a single or multiple data reader, returns a new data reader. It is similar to a [python decorator](https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecorators), but it does not use `@` syntax.
The *Data reader decorator* takes in a single reader or multiple data readers and returns a new data reader. It is similar to a [python decorator](https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecorators), but it does not use `@` in the syntax.
Since we have a strict interface for data readers (no parameter, return a single data item). Data reader can be used flexiable via data reader decorators. Following are a few examples:
Since we have a strict interface for data readers (no parameters and return a single data item), a data reader can be used in a flexible way using data reader decorators. Following are a few examples:
### Prefetch Data
Since reading data may take time and training can not proceed without data. It is generally a good idea to prefetch data.
Since reading data may take some time and training can not proceed without data, it is generally a good idea to prefetch the data.
Use `paddle.reader.buffered` to prefetch data:
......@@ -117,9 +121,9 @@ buffered_reader = paddle.reader.buffered(paddle.dataset.mnist.train(), 100)
### Compose Multiple Data Readers
For example, we want to use a source of real images (reusing mnist dataset), and a source of random images as input for [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.2661).
For example, if we want to use a source of real images (say reusing mnist dataset), and a source of random images as input for [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.2661).
We can do:
We can do the following :
```python
def reader_creator_random_image(width, height):
......@@ -139,13 +143,13 @@ false_reader = reader_creator_bool(False)
reader = paddle.reader.compose(paddle.dataset.mnist.train(), data_reader_creator_random_image(20, 20), true_reader, false_reader)
# Skipped 1 because paddle.dataset.mnist.train() produces two items per data entry.
# And we don't care second item at this time.
# And we don't care about the second item at this time.
paddle.train(paddle.batch(reader, 128), {"true_image":0, "fake_image": 2, "true_label": 3, "false_label": 4}, ...)
```
### Shuffle
Given shuffle buffer size `n`, `paddle.reader.shuffle` will return a data reader that buffers `n` data entries and shuffle them before a data entry is read.
Given the shuffle buffer size `n`, `paddle.reader.shuffle` returns a data reader that buffers `n` data entries and shuffles them before a data entry is read.
Example:
```python
......@@ -154,21 +158,21 @@ reader = paddle.reader.shuffle(paddle.dataset.mnist.train(), 512)
## Q & A
### Why reader return only a single entry, but not a mini batch?
### Why does a reader return only a single entry, and not a mini batch?
Always returning a single entry make reusing existing data readers much easier (e.g., if existing reader return not a single entry but 3 entries, training code will be more complex because it need to handle cases like batch size 2).
Returning a single entry makes reusing existing data readers much easier (for example, if an existing reader returns 3 entries instead if a single entry, the training code will be more complicated because it need to handle cases like a batch size 2).
We provide function `paddle.batch` to turn (single entry) reader into batch reader.
We provide a function: `paddle.batch` to turn (a single entry) reader into a batch reader.
### Why do we need batch reader, isn't train take reader and batch_size as arguments sufficient?
### Why do we need a batch reader, isn't is sufficient to give the reader and batch_size as arguments during training ?
In most of the case, train taking reader and batch_size as arguments would be sufficent. However sometimes user want to customize order of data entries inside a mini batch. Or even change batch size dynamically.
In most of the cases, it would be sufficient to give the reader and batch_size as arguments to the train method. However sometimes the user wants to customize the order of data entries inside a mini batch, or even change the batch size dynamically. For these cases using a batch reader is very efficient and helpful.
### Why use a dictionary but not a list to provide mapping?
### Why use a dictionary instead of a list to provide mapping?
We decided to use dictionary (`{"image":0, "label":1}`) instead of list (`["image", "label"]`) is because that user can easily resue item (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "image_b":0, "label":1}`) or skip item (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "label":2}`).
Using a dictionary (`{"image":0, "label":1}`) instead of a list (`["image", "label"]`) gives the advantage that the user can easily reuse the items (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "image_b":0, "label":1}`) or even skip an item (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "label":2}`).
### How to create custom data reader creator
### How to create a custom data reader creator ?
```python
def image_reader_creator(image_path, label_path, n):
......@@ -192,7 +196,7 @@ paddle.train(paddle.batch(reader, 128), {"image":0, "label":1}, ...)
### How is `paddle.train` implemented
An example implementation of paddle.train could be:
An example implementation of paddle.train is:
```python
def train(batch_reader, mapping, batch_size, total_pass):
......
......@@ -2,106 +2,70 @@
## Abstract
PaddlePaddle v0.10.0 uses the "trainer-parameter server"
architecture. We run multiple replicated instances of trainers (runs
the same code written by the user) and parameter servers for
distributed training. This architecture served us well, but has some
limitations:
PaddlePaddle version 0.10.0 uses the "trainer-parameter server" architecture. We run multiple instances of trainers (where each trainer runs the same model) and parameter servers for distributed training. This architecture serves well, but has few limitations:
1. Need to write special code to handle tasks which should only be run
by a single trainer. E.g., initializing model and saving model.
1. There is a need to write special code that handles tasks which should only be run on a single trainer. E.g., initializing the model, saving the model etc.
2. Model parallelism is hard: need to write if-else branches conditioned
on the trainer ID to partition model onto each trainer, and manually
write the inter-model-shard communication code.
2. Model parallelism is hard: It would need all the if-else branches conditioned on the trainer ID to partition the model onto the trainers, and eventually manually writing out the inter-model-shard communication code to communicate between different trainers.
3. The user can not directly specify the parameter update rule: need
to modify the parameter server C++ code and compile a new
binary. This adds complication for researchers: A lot of extra
effort is required. Besides, the training job submission program
may not allow running arbitrary binaries.
3. The user can not directly specify the parameter update rule: This would need to modify the parameter server code and compile a new binary. This makes things more complicated for researchers: A lot of extra effort is required to make this work. Besides, the training job submission program may not allow running arbitrary binaries.
This design doc discusses PaddlePaddle's new distributed training
architecture that addresses the above limitations.
This design doc discusses PaddlePaddle's new distributed training architecture that addresses the above mentioned limitations.
## Analysis
We will assume the user writes the trainer program by Python, the same
analysis holds if the trainer program is written in C++.
The assumption is that the user writes the trainer program in either Python or C++.
### Limitation 1
If we look at the Python code that the user writes, there are two
kinds of functionalities:
There are two basic functionalities in the trainer program:
- The training logic such as load / save model and print log.
- The neural network definition such as the definition of the data
layer, the fully connected layer, the cost function and the
1. The training logic such as loading / saving the model and printing out the logs.
2. The neural network definition such as the definition of the data layer, the fully connected layer, the cost function and the
optimizer.
When we training with PaddlePaddle v0.10.0 distributedly, multiple
replicated Python instances are running on different nodes: both the
training logic and the neural network computation is replicated.
When we train using PaddlePaddle v0.10.0 in a distributed fashion, multiple instances of the same Python code are run on different nodes, hence both: the
training logic as well as the neural network computation logic, is replicated.
The tasks that should only run once all belong to the training logic,
if we only replicate the neural network computation, but do **not**
replicate the training logic, the limitation could be solved.
The tasks that only need to be run once belong to the training logic. Hence if we only replicate the neural network computation part, and do **not**
replicate the training logic, the limitation mentioned above can be avoided.
### Limitation 2
Model parallelism means running a single model on multiple nodes by
partitioning the model onto different nodes and managing the
inter-model-shard communications.
Model parallelism means that a single model is partitioned into different components and each node runs one of the component separately. This comes at the extra cost of managing the
inter-model-shard communication between nodes.
PaddlePaddle should be able to modify the nerual network computation
definition to support model parallelism automatically. However, the
computation is only specified in Python code, and PaddlePaddle can not
modify Python code.
PaddlePaddle should ideally be able to modify the neural network computation and figure out the support for model parallelism automatically. However, the
computation is only specified in Python code which sits outside of PaddlePaddle, hence PaddlePaddle can not support the feature in this setup.
Just like compiler uses a intermediate representation (IR) so that
programmer does not need to manually optimize their code in most of
the cases - the compiler will optimize the IR:
Similar to how a compiler uses an intermediate representation (IR) so that the programmer does not need to manually optimize their code for most of the cases, we can have an intermediate representation in PaddlePaddle as well. The compiler optimizes the IR as follows:
<img src="src/compiler.png"/>
We can have our own IR too: PaddlePaddle can support model parallel by
converting the IR so the user no longer need to manually do it in
Python:
PaddlePaddle can support model parallelism by converting the IR so that the user no longer needs to manually perform the computation and operations in the Python component:
<img src="src/paddle-compile.png"/>
The IR for PaddlePaddle after refactor is called `Block`, it specifies
the computation dependency graph and the variables used in the
computation.
The IR for PaddlePaddle after refactoring is called a `Block`, it specifies the computation dependency graph and the variables used in the computation.
### Limitation 3
The user can not directly specify the parameter update rule for the
parameter server because the parameter server does not use the same
computation definition as the trainer. Instead, the update rule is
baked in the parameter server. The user can not specify the update
rule in the same way of specifying the trainer computation.
The user can not directly specify the parameter update rule for the parameter server in the Python module, since the parameter server does not use the same computation definition as the trainer. Instead, the update rule is baked inside the parameter server. The user can not specify the update rule explicitly.
This could be fixed by making the parameter server run the same
computation definition as the trainer. For a detailed explanation,
please
see
[Design Doc: Operation Graph Based Parameter Server](./dist_train.md)
This could be fixed by making the parameter server run the same computation definition as the trainer (the user's Python module). For a detailed explanation, refer to this document -
[Design Doc: Operation Graph Based Parameter Server](./parameter_server.md)
## Distributed Training Architecture
The new distributed training architecture can address the above
limitations. Below is the illustration:
The revamped distributed training architecture can address the above discussed limitations. Below is the illustration of how it does so:
<img src="src/distributed_architecture.png"/>
The architecture includes major components: *PaddlePaddle Python*,
*PaddlePaddle converter* and *PaddlePaddle runtime*:
The major components in the architecture are: *PaddlePaddle Python*, *PaddlePaddle converter* and *PaddlePaddle runtime*.
### PaddlePaddle Python
PaddlePaddle Python is the Python library that user's Python trainer
invoke to build the neural network topology, start training, etc.
PaddlePaddle Python is the Python library that user's Python code invokes, to read the data. build the neural network topology, start training, etc.
```Python
paddle.init()
......@@ -117,102 +81,60 @@ for i in range(1000):
print cost_val
```
The code above is a typical Python trainer code, the neural network
topology is built using helper functions such as
`paddle.layer.fc`. The training is done by calling `session.eval`
iteratively.
The above code is what a typical Python trainer code is, the neural network topology is built using the helper functions such as `paddle.layer.fc`. Training is done by calling `session.eval` iteratively.
#### session.eval
As shown in the graph, `session.eval` sends the IR and the evaluation
inputs/targets to the PaddlePaddle cluster for evaluation. The
targets can be any variable in the computation graph. When the target
is the `optimizer` variable, the neural network will be optimized
once. When the target is the `cost` variable, `session.eval` returns
the cost value.
As shown in the graph, `session.eval` sends the IR and the evaluation inputs or targets to the PaddlePaddle cluster for evaluation.
The targets can be any variable in the computation graph. When the target is say, the `optimizer` variable, the neural network will be optimized once. When the target is the `cost` variable, `session.eval` returns the cost value. Based on what the target is, an appropriate action is taken.
The Python `session` is a wrapper of the C++ `Session` class. For more
information about `Session`, please
see [Design Doc: Session](./session.md).
The Python `session` is a wrapper of the C++ `Session` class. For more information about `Session`, refer to this document - [Design Doc: Session](./session.md).
### PaddlePaddle Converter
PaddlePaddle converter automatically converts the IR in the request
(IR and evaluation inputs/targets) from PaddlePaddle Python to new
partitioned IRs and dispatch the new IRs and evaluation inputs/targets
to different PaddlePaddle runtimes. Below are the steps:
The PaddlePaddle converter automatically converts the IR in the request (IR and evaluation inputs/targets) from PaddlePaddle Python to partitioned IRs and dispatches the new IRs and evaluation inputs/targets to different PaddlePaddle runtimes. Below are the steps that are followed :
1. Add `feed` OP that feeds the eval inputs, and `fetch` OP that
fetches the eval targets to the IR.
1. Add a `feed` OP that feeds the eval inputs, and a `fetch` OP that fetches the eval targets to the IR.
1. Extract a new computation (sub)graph with `feed` and `fetch` OP as
the boundary. The runtime does not need to run the OP that is not
dependent by the `fetch` OP.
2. Extract a new computation (sub)graph with the `feed` and `fetch` OPs as the boundary. The runtime does not need to run the OP that is not dependent on the `fetch` OP.
1. Optimizes the computation graph.
3. Optimize the computation graph.
1. Place the OPs in the graph onto different devices on different
PaddlePaddle runtime according to a placement algorithm and device
constraint specified by the user.
4. Place the OPs in the graph onto different devices on different PaddlePaddle runtime according to a placement algorithm and the device constraints specified by the user.
1. Partition the graph according to runtime boundaries and add `send` /
`recv` OP pair on the runtime boundaries.
5. Partition the graph according to runtime boundaries and add `send` / `recv` OP pair on the runtime boundaries.
1. Dispatch the partitioned graph to different PaddlePaddle runtimes.
6. Dispatch the partitioned graph to different PaddlePaddle runtimes.
7. PaddlePaddle runtimes with the `fetch` OP reports evaluation results back to the converter, the converter reports the evaluation results back to the PaddlePaddle Python.
1. PaddlePaddle runtimes with the `fetch` OP reports evaluation
results back to the converter, the convert reports the evaluation
results back to the PaddlePaddle Python.
The output IRs will be cached to optimize the conversion latency.
#### Placement Algorithm
Our first implementation will only support "trainer-parameter server"
placement: the parameters, initializers, and optimizers are placed on
the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the parameter server role. And
everything else will be placed on the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the
trainer role. This has the same functionality of our
"trainer-parameter server" architecture of PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, but
is more general and flexible.
Our first implementation will only support "trainer-parameter server" placement: the parameters, initializers, and optimizers are all placed on the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the parameter server role. Everything else will be placed on the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the trainer role. This has the same functionality as the "trainer-parameter server" architecture of PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, but is more generic and flexible.
In the future, we will implement the general placement algorithm,
which makes placements according to the input IR, and a model of
device computation time and device communication time. Model
parallelism requires the general placement algorithm.
In the future, a more general placement algorithm should be implemented, which makes placements according to the input IR, and a model of device computation time and device communication time. Model parallelism requires the generic placement algorithm.
### PaddlePaddle Runtime
The PaddlePaddle runtime owns multiple devices (e.g., CPUs, GPUs) and
runs the IR. The runtime does not need to do OP placement since it's
already done by the converter.
The PaddlePaddle runtime owns multiple devices (e.g., CPUs, GPUs) and runs the IR. The runtime does not need to do OP placement since it is already done by the converter.
### Local Training Architecture
The local training architecture will be the same as the distributed
training architecture, the differences are everything runs locally,
and there is just one PaddlePaddle runtime:
The local training architecture will be the same as the distributed training architecture, the difference is that everything runs locally, and there is just one PaddlePaddle runtime:
<img src="src/local_architecture.png"/>
### Training Data
In PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, training data is typically read
with [data reader](../reader/README.md) from Python. This approach is
no longer efficient when training distributedly since the Python
process no longer runs on the same node with the trainer processes,
the Python reader will need to read from the distributed filesystem
(assuming it has the access) and send to the trainers, doubling the
network traffic.
When doing distributed training, the user can still use Python data
reader: the training data are sent with `session.eval`. However should
be used for debugging purpose only. The users are encouraged to use
the read data OPs.
In PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, training data is typically read with a [data reader](../reader/README.md) from Python. This approach is no longer efficient when training in a distributed fashion since the Python process no longer runs on the same node with the trainer processes. The Python reader will need to read from the distributed filesystem (assuming it has the required access) and send to the trainers, doubling the network traffic.
When doing distributed training, the user can still use Python data reader: the training data are sent with `session.eval`. However this should be used for debugging purpose only. The users are encouraged to use the read data OPs.
## References:
......
......@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ PaddlePaddle使用git-flow branching model做分支管理,使用[Semantic Vers
PaddlePaddle每次发新的版本,遵循以下流程:
1.`develop`分支派生出新的分支,分支名为`release/版本号`。例如,`release/0.10.0`
2. 将新分支的版本打上tag,tag为`版本号rc.Patch号`。第一个tag为`0.10.0rc1`,第二个为`0.10.0rc2`,依次类推。
3. 对这个版本的提交,做如下几个操作:
1. 将新分支的版本打上tag,tag为`版本号rc.Patch号`。第一个tag为`0.10.0rc1`,第二个为`0.10.0rc2`,依次类推。
1. 对这个版本的提交,做如下几个操作:
* 修改`python/setup.py.in`中的版本信息,并将`istaged`字段设为`True`
* 编译这个版本的Docker发行镜像,发布到dockerhub。如果失败,修复Docker编译镜像问题,Patch号加一,返回第二步
* 编译这个版本的Ubuntu Deb包。如果失败,修复Ubuntu Deb包编译问题,Patch号加一,返回第二步。
* 使用Regression Test List作为检查列表,测试Docker镜像/ubuntu安装包的功能正确性
......@@ -20,9 +21,9 @@ PaddlePaddle每次发新的版本,遵循以下流程:
pip install twine
twine upload dist/[package to upload]
```
4. 第三步完成后,将`release/版本号`分支合入master分支,并删除`release/版本号`分支。将master分支的合入commit打上tag,tag为`版本号`。同时再将`master`分支合入`develop`分支。最后删除`release/版本号`分支。
5. 编译master分支的Docker发行镜像,发布到dockerhub。编译ubuntu的deb包,发布到github release页面
6. 协同完成Release Note的书写
1. 第三步完成后,将`release/版本号`分支合入master分支,并删除`release/版本号`分支。将master分支的合入commit打上tag,tag为`版本号`。同时再将`master`分支合入`develop`分支。最后删除`release/版本号`分支。
1. 编译master分支的Docker发行镜像,发布到dockerhub。编译ubuntu的deb包,发布到github release页面
1. 协同完成Release Note的书写
需要注意的是:
......@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ PaddlePaddle每次发新的版本,遵循以下流程:
* `release/版本号`分支一旦建立,一般不允许再从`develop`分支合入`release/版本号`。这样保证`release/版本号`分支功能的封闭,方便测试人员测试PaddlePaddle的行为。
*`release/版本号`分支存在的时候,如果有bugfix的行为,需要将bugfix的分支同时merge到`master`, `develop``release/版本号`这三个分支。
# PaddlePaddle 分支规范
## PaddlePaddle 分支规范
PaddlePaddle开发过程使用[git-flow](http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/)分支规范,并适应github的特性做了一些区别。
......@@ -47,11 +48,11 @@ PaddlePaddle开发过程使用[git-flow](http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-
* BugFix分支也是在开发者自己的fork版本库维护,与功能分支不同的是,BugFix分支需要分别给主版本库的`master``develop`与可能有的`release/版本号`分支,同时提起`Pull Request`
# PaddlePaddle回归测试列表
## PaddlePaddle回归测试列表
本列表说明PaddlePaddle发版之前需要测试的功能点。
## PaddlePaddle Book中所有章节
### PaddlePaddle Book中所有章节
PaddlePaddle每次发版本首先要保证PaddlePaddle Book中所有章节功能的正确性。功能的正确性包括验证PaddlePaddle目前的`paddle_trainer`训练和纯使用`Python`训练模型正确性。
......
......@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ PaddlePaddle支持Sparse的训练,sparse训练需要训练特征是 :code:`spa
利用更多的计算资源
++++++++++++++++++
利用更多的计算资源可以分为下几个方式来进行\:
利用更多的计算资源可以分为下几个方式来进行\:
* 单机CPU训练
......
经典的线性回归任务
==================
PaddlePaddle是源于百度的一个深度学习平台。这份简短的介绍将向你展示如何利用PaddlePaddle来解决一个经典的线性回归问题。
任务简介
--------
我们展示如何用PaddlePaddle解决 `单变量的线性回归 <https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=单变量线性回归>`_ 问题。线性回归的输入是一批点 `(x, y)` ,其中 `y = wx + b + ε`, 而 ε 是一个符合高斯分布的随机变量。线性回归的输出是从这批点估计出来的参数 `w` 和 `b` 。
一个例子是房产估值。我们假设房产的价格(y)是其大小(x)的一个线性函数,那么我们可以通过收集市场上房子的大小和价格,用来估计线性函数的参数w 和 b。
准备数据
-----------
假设变量 `x` 和 `y` 的真实关系为: `y = 2x + 0.3 + ε`,这里展示如何使用观测数据来拟合这一线性关系。首先,Python代码将随机产生2000个观测点,作为线性回归的输入。下面脚本符合PaddlePaddle期待的读取数据的Python程序的模式。
.. code-block:: python
# dataprovider.py
from paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 import *
import random
# 定义输入数据的类型: 2个浮点数
@provider(input_types=[dense_vector(1), dense_vector(1)],use_seq=False)
def process(settings, input_file):
for i in xrange(2000):
x = random.random()
yield [x], [2*x+0.3]
训练模型
-----------
为了还原 `y = 2x + 0.3`,我们先从一条随机的直线 `y' = wx + b` 开始,然后利用观测数据调整 `w` 和 `b` 使得 `y'` 和 `y` 的差距不断减小,最终趋于接近。这个过程就是模型的训练过程,而 `w` 和 `b` 就是模型的参数,即我们的训练目标。
在PaddlePaddle里,该模型的网络配置如下。
.. code-block:: python
# trainer_config.py
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
# 1. 定义数据来源,调用上面的process函数获得观测数据
data_file = 'empty.list'
with open(data_file, 'w') as f: f.writelines(' ')
define_py_data_sources2(train_list=data_file, test_list=None,
module='dataprovider', obj='process',args={})
# 2. 学习算法。控制如何改变模型参数 w 和 b
settings(batch_size=12, learning_rate=1e-3, learning_method=MomentumOptimizer())
# 3. 神经网络配置
x = data_layer(name='x', size=1)
y = data_layer(name='y', size=1)
# 线性计算网络层: ȳ = wx + b
ȳ = fc_layer(input=x, param_attr=ParamAttr(name='w'), size=1, act=LinearActivation(), bias_attr=ParamAttr(name='b'))
# 计算误差函数,即 ȳ 和真实 y 之间的距离
cost = square_error_cost(input= ȳ, label=y)
outputs(cost)
这段简短的配置展示了PaddlePaddle的基本用法:
- 第一部分定义了数据输入。一般情况下,PaddlePaddle先从一个文件列表里获得数据文件地址,然后交给用户自定义的函数(例如上面的 `process`函数)进行读入和预处理从而得到真实输入。本文中由于输入数据是随机生成的不需要读输入文件,所以放一个空列表(`empty.list`)即可。
- 第二部分主要是选择学习算法,它定义了模型参数改变的规则。PaddlePaddle提供了很多优秀的学习算法,这里使用一个基于momentum的随机梯度下降(SGD)算法,该算法每批量(batch)读取12个采样数据进行随机梯度计算来更新更新。
- 最后一部分是神经网络的配置。由于PaddlePaddle已经实现了丰富的网络层,所以很多时候你需要做的只是定义正确的网络层并把它们连接起来。这里使用了三种网络单元:
- **数据层**:数据层 `data_layer` 是神经网络的入口,它读入数据并将它们传输到接下来的网络层。这里数据层有两个,分别对应于变量 `x` 和 `y`。
- **全连接层**:全连接层 `fc_layer` 是基础的计算单元,这里利用它建模变量之间的线性关系。计算单元是神经网络的核心,PaddlePaddle支持大量的计算单元和任意深度的网络连接,从而可以拟合任意的函数来学习复杂的数据关系。
- **回归误差代价层**:回归误差代价层 `square_error_cost` 是众多误差代价函数层的一种,它们在训练过程作为网络的出口,用来计算模型的误差,是模型参数优化的目标函数。
定义了网络结构并保存为 `trainer_config.py` 之后,运行以下训练命令:
.. code-block:: bash
paddle train --config=trainer_config.py --save_dir=./output --num_passes=30
PaddlePaddle将在观测数据集上迭代训练30轮,并将每轮的模型结果存放在 `./output` 路径下。从输出日志可以看到,随着轮数增加误差代价函数的输出在不断的减小,这意味着模型在训练数据上不断的改进,直到逼近真实解:` y = 2x + 0.3 `
模型检验
-----------
训练完成后,我们希望能够检验模型的好坏。一种常用的做法是用学习的模型对另外一组测试数据进行预测,评价预测的效果。在这个例子中,由于已经知道了真实答案,我们可以直接观察模型的参数是否符合预期来进行检验。
PaddlePaddle将每个模型参数作为一个numpy数组单独存为一个文件,所以可以利用如下方法读取模型的参数。
.. code-block:: python
import numpy as np
import os
def load(file_name):
with open(file_name, 'rb') as f:
f.read(16) # skip header for float type.
return np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32)
print 'w=%.6f, b=%.6f' % (load('output/pass-00029/w'), load('output/pass-00029/b'))
# w=1.999743, b=0.300137
.. image:: ./parameters.png
:align: center
:scale: 80 %
从图中可以看到,虽然 `w` 和 `b` 都使用随机值初始化,但在起初的几轮训练中它们都在快速逼近真实值,并且后续仍在不断改进,使得最终得到的模型几乎与真实模型一致。
这样,我们用PaddlePaddle解决了单变量线性回归问题, 包括数据输入、模型训练和最后的结果验证。
Simple Linear Regression
========================
PaddlePaddle is a deep learning platform open-sourced by Baidu. With PaddlePaddle, you can easily train a classic neural network within a couple lines of configuration, or you can build sophisticated models that provide state-of-the-art performance on difficult learning tasks like sentiment analysis, machine translation, image caption and so on.
Problem Background
------------------
Now, to give you a hint of what using PaddlePaddle looks like, let's start with a fundamental learning problem - `simple linear regression <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression>`_: you have observed a set of two-dimensional data points of ``X`` and ``Y``, where ``X`` is an explanatory variable and ``Y`` is corresponding dependent variable, and you want to recover the underlying correlation between ``X`` and ``Y``. Linear regression can be used in many practical scenarios. For example, ``X`` can be a variable about house size, and ``Y`` a variable about house price. You can build a model that captures relationship between them by observing real estate markets.
Prepare the Data
-----------------
Suppose the true relationship can be characterized as ``Y = 2X + 0.3``, let's see how to recover this pattern only from observed data. Here is a piece of python code that feeds synthetic data to PaddlePaddle. The code is pretty self-explanatory, the only extra thing you need to add for PaddlePaddle is a definition of input data types.
.. code-block:: python
# dataprovider.py
from paddle.trainer.PyDataProvider2 import *
import random
# define data types of input: 2 real numbers
@provider(input_types=[dense_vector(1), dense_vector(1)],use_seq=False)
def process(settings, input_file):
for i in xrange(2000):
x = random.random()
yield [x], [2*x+0.3]
Train a NeuralNetwork
----------------------
To recover this relationship between ``X`` and ``Y``, we use a neural network with one layer of linear activation units and a square error cost layer. Don't worry if you are not familiar with these terminologies, it's just saying that we are starting from a random line ``Y' = wX + b`` , then we gradually adapt ``w`` and ``b`` to minimize the difference between ``Y'`` and ``Y``. Here is what it looks like in PaddlePaddle:
.. code-block:: python
# trainer_config.py
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
# 1. read data. Suppose you saved above python code as dataprovider.py
data_file = 'empty.list'
with open(data_file, 'w') as f: f.writelines(' ')
define_py_data_sources2(train_list=data_file, test_list=None,
module='dataprovider', obj='process',args={})
# 2. learning algorithm
settings(batch_size=12, learning_rate=1e-3, learning_method=MomentumOptimizer())
# 3. Network configuration
x = data_layer(name='x', size=1)
y = data_layer(name='y', size=1)
y_predict = fc_layer(input=x, param_attr=ParamAttr(name='w'), size=1, act=LinearActivation(), bias_attr=ParamAttr(name='b'))
cost = square_error_cost(input=y_predict, label=y)
outputs(cost)
Some of the most fundamental usages of PaddlePaddle are demonstrated:
- The first part shows how to feed data into PaddlePaddle. In general cases, PaddlePaddle reads raw data from a list of files, and then do some user-defined process to get real input. In this case, we only need to create a placeholder file since we are generating synthetic data on the fly.
- The second part describes learning algorithm. It defines in what ways adjustments are made to model parameters. PaddlePaddle provides a rich set of optimizers, but a simple momentum based optimizer will suffice here, and it processes 12 data points each time.
- Finally, the network configuration. It usually is as simple as "stacking" layers. Three kinds of layers are used in this configuration:
- **Data Layer**: a network always starts with one or more data layers. They provide input data to the rest of the network. In this problem, two data layers are used respectively for ``X`` and ``Y``.
- **FC Layer**: FC layer is short for Fully Connected Layer, which connects all the input units to current layer and does the actual computation specified as activation function. Computation layers like this are the fundamental building blocks of a deeper model.
- **Cost Layer**: in training phase, cost layers are usually the last layers of the network. They measure the performance of current model, and provide guidence to adjust parameters.
Now that everything is ready, you can train the network with a simple command line call:
.. code-block:: bash
paddle train --config=trainer_config.py --save_dir=./output --num_passes=30
This means that PaddlePaddle will train this network on the synthectic dataset for 30 passes, and save all the models under path ``./output``. You will see from the messages printed out during training phase that the model cost is decreasing as time goes by, which indicates we are getting a closer guess.
Evaluate the Model
-------------------
Usually, a different dataset that left out during training phase should be used to evalute the models. However, we are lucky enough to know the real answer: ``w=2, b=0.3``, thus a better option is to check out model parameters directly.
In PaddlePaddle, training is just to get a collection of model parameters, which are ``w`` and ``b`` in this case. Each parameter is saved in an individual file in the popular ``numpy`` array format. Here is the code that reads parameters from last pass.
.. code-block:: python
import numpy as np
import os
def load(file_name):
with open(file_name, 'rb') as f:
f.read(16) # skip header for float type.
return np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32)
print 'w=%.6f, b=%.6f' % (load('output/pass-00029/w'), load('output/pass-00029/b'))
# w=1.999743, b=0.300137
.. image:: parameters.png
:align: center
Although starts from a random guess, you can see that value of ``w`` changes quickly towards 2 and ``b`` changes quickly towards 0.3. In the end, the predicted line is almost identical with real answer.
There, you have recovered the underlying pattern between ``X`` and ``Y`` only from observed data.
从源码编译
======================
.. _build_step:
编译方法
----------------
PaddlePaddle主要使用 `CMake <https://cmake.org>`_ 以及GCC, G++作为编译工具。
我们推荐您使用PaddlePaddle Docker编译环境镜像完成编译,这样可以免去单独安装编译依赖的步骤,可选的不同编译环境Docker镜像
可以在 `这里 <https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel/tags/>`_ 找到。
如果您选择不使用Docker镜像,则需要在本机安装下面章节列出的 `编译依赖`_ 之后才能开始编译的步骤。
编译PaddlePaddle,需要执行:
.. code-block:: bash
git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git
cd Paddle
# 如果使用Docker编译环境,执行下面的命令编译CPU-Only的二进制
docker run -it -v $PWD:/paddle -e "WITH_GPU=OFF" -e "WITH_TESTING=OFF" paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel:cuda8.0_cudnn5 bash -x /paddle/paddle/scripts/docker/build.sh
# 如果不使用Docker编译环境,执行下面的命令
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DWITH_GPU=OFF -DWITH_TESTING=OFF ..
make
编译完成后会在build/python/dist目录下生成输出的whl包,可以选在在当前机器安装也可以拷贝到目标机器安装:
.. code-block:: bash
pip install build/python/dist/*.whl
.. _run_test:
执行单元测试
----------------
如果您期望在编译完成后立即执行所有的单元测试,可以按照下面的方法:
使用Docker的情况下,设置 :code:`RUN_TEST=ON` 和 :code:`WITH_TESTING=ON` 就会在完成编译之后,立即执行单元测试。
开启 :code:`WITH_GPU=ON` 可以指定同时执行GPU上的单元测试。
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -it -v $PWD:/paddle -e "WITH_GPU=OFF" -e "WITH_TESTING=ON" -e "RUN_TEST=ON" paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel:cuda8.0_cudnn5 bash -x /paddle/paddle/scripts/docker/build.sh
如果不使用Docker,可以执行ctest命令即可:
.. code-block:: bash
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DWITH_GPU=OFF -DWITH_TESTING=OFF ..
make
ctest
# 指定执行其中一个单元测试 test_mul_op
ctest -R test_mul_op
.. _compile_deps:
编译依赖
----------------
PaddlePaddle编译需要使用到下面的依赖(包含但不限于),其他的依赖软件,会自动在编译时下载。
.. csv-table:: PaddlePaddle编译依赖
:header: "依赖", "版本", "说明"
:widths: 10, 15, 30
"CMake", ">=3.5", ""
"GCC", "4.8.2", "推荐使用CentOS的devtools2"
"Python", "2.7.x", "依赖libpython2.7.so"
"pip", ">=9.0", ""
"numpy", "", ""
"SWIG", ">=2.0", ""
"Go", ">=1.8", "可选"
.. _build_options:
编译选项
----------------
PaddlePaddle的编译选项,包括生成CPU/GPU二进制文件、链接何种BLAS库等。
用户可在调用cmake的时候设置它们,详细的cmake使用方法可以参考
`官方文档 <https://cmake.org/cmake-tutorial>`_ 。
在cmake的命令行中,通过使用 ``-D`` 命令设置该类编译选项,例如:
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DWITH_GPU=OFF
.. csv-table:: 编译选项说明
:header: "选项", "说明", "默认值"
:widths: 1, 7, 2
"WITH_GPU", "是否支持GPU", "ON"
"WITH_C_API", "是否仅编译CAPI", "OFF"
"WITH_DOUBLE", "是否使用双精度浮点数", "OFF"
"WITH_DSO", "是否运行时动态加载CUDA动态库,而非静态加载CUDA动态库。", "ON"
"WITH_AVX", "是否编译含有AVX指令集的PaddlePaddle二进制文件", "ON"
"WITH_PYTHON", "是否内嵌PYTHON解释器", "ON"
"WITH_STYLE_CHECK", "是否编译时进行代码风格检查", "ON"
"WITH_TESTING", "是否开启单元测试", "ON"
"WITH_DOC", "是否编译中英文文档", "OFF"
"WITH_SWIG_PY", "是否编译PYTHON的SWIG接口,该接口可用于预测和定制化训练", "Auto"
"WITH_GOLANG", "是否编译go语言的可容错parameter server", "ON"
"WITH_MKL", "是否使用MKL数学库,如果为否则是用OpenBLAS", "ON"
BLAS
+++++
PaddlePaddle支持 `MKL <https://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-mkl>`_ 和
`OpenBlAS <http://www.openblas.net/>`_ 两种BLAS库。默认使用MKL。如果使用MKL并且机器含有AVX2指令集,
还会下载MKL-DNN数学库,详细参考 `这里 <https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/design/mkldnn#cmake>`_ 。
如果关闭MKL,则会使用OpenBLAS作为BLAS库。
CUDA/cuDNN
+++++++++++
PaddlePaddle在编译时/运行时会自动找到系统中安装的CUDA和cuDNN库进行编译和执行。
使用参数 :code:`-DCUDA_ARCH_NAME=Auto` 可以指定开启自动检测SM架构,加速编译。
PaddlePaddle可以使用cuDNN v5.1之后的任何一个版本来编译运行,但尽量请保持编译和运行使用的cuDNN是同一个版本。
我们推荐使用最新版本的cuDNN。
编译选项的设置
++++++++++++++
PaddePaddle通过编译时指定路径来实现引用各种BLAS/CUDA/cuDNN库。cmake编译时,首先在系统路径( :code:`/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib` )中搜索这几个库,同时也会读取相关路径变量来进行搜索。 通过使用 ``-D`` 命令可以设置,例如
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DWITH_GPU=ON -DWITH_TESTING=OFF -DCUDNN_ROOT=/opt/cudnnv5
**注意:这几个编译选项的设置,只在第一次cmake的时候有效。如果之后想要重新设置,推荐清理整个编译目录(** :code:`rm -rf` )**后,再指定。**
Installing from Sources
==========================
* [1. Download and Setup](#download)
* [2. Requirements](#requirements)
* [3. Build on Ubuntu](#ubuntu)
* [4. Build on Centos](#centos)
## <span id="download">Download and Setup</span>
You can download PaddlePaddle from the [github source](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle).
```bash
git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle
cd paddle
```
## <span id="requirements">Requirements</span>
To compile the source code, your computer must be equipped with the following dependencies.
- **Compiler**: GCC >= 4.8 or Clang >= 3.3 (AppleClang >= 5.1) and gfortran compiler
- **CMake**: CMake >= 3.0 (at least CMake 3.4 on Mac OS X)
- **BLAS**: MKL, OpenBlas or ATLAS
- **Python**: only support Python 2.7
- **Go**
**Note:** For CUDA 7.0 and CUDA 7.5, GCC 5.0 and up are not supported!
For CUDA 8.0, GCC versions later than 5.3 are not supported!
### Options
PaddlePaddle supports some build options.
<html>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col" class="left">Optional</th>
<th scope="col" class="left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_GPU</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with NVIDIA GPU</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_AVX</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with AVX intrinsics</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_DSO</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with dynamic linked CUDA</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_TESTING</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with unit testing</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_SWIG_PY</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with inference api</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_STYLE_CHECK</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with style check</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_PYTHON</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with python interpreter</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_DOUBLE</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with double precision</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_RDMA</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with RDMA support</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_TIMER</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with stats timer</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_PROFILER</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with GPU profiler</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_DOC</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with documentation</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">WITH_COVERAGE</td><td class="left">Compile PaddlePaddle with code coverage</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">COVERALLS_UPLOAD</td><td class="left">Package code coverage data to coveralls</td></tr>
<tr><td class="left">ON_TRAVIS</td><td class="left">Exclude special unit test on Travis CI</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</html>
**Note:**
- The GPU version works best with Cuda Toolkit 8.0 and cuDNN v5.
- Other versions like Cuda Toolkit 7.0, 7.5 and cuDNN v3, v4 are also supported.
- **To utilize cuDNN v5, Cuda Toolkit 7.5 is prerequisite and vice versa.**
As a simple example, consider the following:
1. **BLAS Dependencies(optional)**
CMake will search BLAS libraries from the system. If not found, OpenBLAS will be downloaded, built and installed automatically.
To utilize preinstalled BLAS, you can simply specify MKL, OpenBLAS or ATLAS via `MKL_ROOT`, `OPENBLAS_ROOT` or `ATLAS_ROOT`.
```bash
# specify MKL
cmake .. -DMKL_ROOT=<mkl_path>
# or specify OpenBLAS
cmake .. -DOPENBLAS_ROOT=<openblas_path>
```
2. **Doc Dependencies(optional)**
To generate PaddlePaddle's documentation, install dependencies and set `-DWITH_DOC=ON` as follows:
```bash
pip install 'sphinx>=1.4.0'
pip install sphinx_rtd_theme recommonmark
# install doxygen on Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install doxygen
# install doxygen on Mac OS X
brew install doxygen
# active docs in cmake
cmake .. -DWITH_DOC=ON`
```
## <span id="ubuntu">Build on Ubuntu 14.04</span>
### Install Dependencies
- **Paddle Dependencies**
```bash
# necessary
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y git curl gcc g++ gfortran make build-essential automake
sudo apt-get install -y python python-pip python-numpy libpython-dev bison
sudo pip install 'protobuf==3.1.0.post1'
# Install Go
# You can follow https://golang.org/doc/install for a detailed explanation.
wget -O go.tgz https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.8.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz && \
tar -C $HOME -xzf go.tgz && \
mkdir $HOME/gopath && \
rm go.tgz
# Setup environment variables
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export GOPATH=$HOME/gopath
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
# install cmake 3.4
curl -sSL https://cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.1.tar.gz | tar -xz && \
cd cmake-3.4.1 && ./bootstrap && make -j4 && sudo make install && \
cd .. && rm -rf cmake-3.4.1
```
- **GPU Dependencies (optional)**
To build GPU version, you will need the following installed:
1. a CUDA-capable GPU
2. A supported version of Linux with a GCC compiler and toolchain
3. NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit (available at http://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads)
4. NVIDIA cuDNN Library (available at https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn)
The CUDA development environment relies on tight integration with the host development environment,
including the host compiler and C runtime libraries, and is therefore only supported on
distribution versions that have been qualified for this CUDA Toolkit release.
After downloading cuDNN library, issue the following commands:
```bash
sudo tar -xzf cudnn-7.5-linux-x64-v5.1.tgz -C /usr/local
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
```
Then you need to set LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH, PATH environment variables in ~/.bashrc.
```bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
```
### Build and Install
As usual, the best option is to create build folder under paddle project directory.
```bash
mkdir build && cd build
```
Finally, you can build and install PaddlePaddle:
```bash
# you can add build option here, such as:
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=<path to install>
# please use sudo make install, if you want to install PaddlePaddle into the system
make -j `nproc` && make install
# set PaddlePaddle installation path in ~/.bashrc
export PATH=<path to install>/bin:$PATH
# install PaddlePaddle Python modules.
sudo pip install <path to install>/opt/paddle/share/wheels/*.whl
```
## <span id="centos">Build on Centos 7</span>
### Install Dependencies
- **CPU Dependencies**
```bash
# necessary
sudo yum update
sudo yum install -y epel-release
sudo yum install -y make cmake3 python-devel python-pip gcc-gfortran swig git
sudo pip install wheel numpy
sudo pip install 'protobuf>=3.0.0'
```
- **GPU Dependencies (optional)**
To build GPU version, you will need the following installed:
1. a CUDA-capable GPU
2. A supported version of Linux with a GCC compiler and toolchain
3. NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit (available at http://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads)
4. NVIDIA cuDNN Library (available at https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn)
The CUDA development environment relies on tight integration with the host development environment,
including the host compiler and C runtime libraries, and is therefore only supported on
distribution versions that have been qualified for this CUDA Toolkit release.
After downloading cuDNN library, issue the following commands:
```bash
sudo tar -xzf cudnn-7.5-linux-x64-v5.1.tgz -C /usr/local
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
```
Then you need to set LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH, PATH environment variables in ~/.bashrc.
```bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
```
### Build and Install
As usual, the best option is to create build folder under paddle project directory.
```bash
mkdir build && cd build
```
Finally, you can build and install PaddlePaddle:
```bash
# you can add build option here, such as:
cmake3 .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=<path to install>
# please use sudo make install, if you want to install PaddlePaddle into the system
make -j `nproc` && make install
# set PaddlePaddle installation path in ~/.bashrc
export PATH=<path to install>/bin:$PATH
# install PaddlePaddle Python modules.
sudo pip install <path to install>/opt/paddle/share/wheels/*.whl
```
Build from Sources
==========================
.. _build_step:
How To Build
----------------
PaddlePaddle mainly uses `CMake <https://cmake.org>`_ and GCC, G++ as compile
tools. We recommend you to use our pre-built Docker image to run the build
to avoid installing dependencies by yourself. We have several build environment
Docker images `here <https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel/tags/>`_ .
If you choose not to use Docker image for your build, you need to install the
below `Compile Dependencies`_ before run the build.
Then run:
.. code-block:: bash
git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git
cd Paddle
# run the following command to build a CPU-Only binaries if you are using docker
docker run -it -v $PWD:/paddle -e "WITH_GPU=OFF" -e "WITH_TESTING=OFF" paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel:cuda8.0_cudnn5 bash -x /paddle/paddle/scripts/docker/build.sh
# else run these commands
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DWITH_GPU=OFF -DWITH_TESTING=OFF ..
make
When the compile finishes, you can get the output whl package under
build/python/dist, then you can choose to install the whl on local
machine or copy it to the target machine.
.. code-block:: bash
pip install build/python/dist/*.whl
.. _run_test:
Run Tests
----------------
If you wish to run the tests, you may follow the below steps:
When using Docker, set :code:`RUN_TEST=ON` and :code:`WITH_TESTING=ON` will run test immediately after the build.
Set :code:`WITH_GPU=ON` Can also run tests on GPU.
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -it -v $PWD:/paddle -e "WITH_GPU=OFF" -e "WITH_TESTING=ON" -e "RUN_TEST=ON" paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel:cuda8.0_cudnn5 bash -x paddle/paddle/scripts/docker/build.sh
If you don't use Docker, just run ctest will start the tests:
.. code-block:: bash
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DWITH_GPU=OFF -DWITH_TESTING=ON ..
make
ctest
# run a single test like test_mul_op
ctest -R test_mul_op
.. _compile_deps:
Compile Dependencies
----------------
PaddlePaddle need the following dependencies when compiling, other dependencies
will be downloaded automatically.
.. csv-table:: PaddlePaddle Compile Dependencies
:header: "Dependency", "Version", "Description"
:widths: 10, 15, 30
"CMake", ">=3.5", ""
"GCC", "4.8.2", "Recommend devtools2 for CentOS"
"Python", "2.7.x", "Need libpython2.7.so"
"pip", ">=9.0", ""
"numpy", "", ""
"SWIG", ">=2.0", ""
"Go", ">=1.8", "Optional"
.. _build_options:
Build Options
----------------
Build options include whether build binaries for CPU or GPU, which BLAS
library to use etc. You may pass these settings when running cmake.
For detailed cmake tutorial please refer to `here <https://cmake.org/cmake-tutorial>`_ 。
.. _build_options_bool:
Bool Type Options
----------------
You can add :code:`-D` argument to pass such options, like:
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DWITH_GPU=OFF
.. csv-table:: Bool Type Options
:header: "Option", "Description", "Default"
:widths: 1, 7, 2
"WITH_GPU", "Build with GPU support", "ON"
"WITH_C_API", "Build only CAPI", "OFF"
"WITH_DOUBLE", "Build with double precision", "OFF"
"WITH_DSO", "Dynamically load CUDA libraries", "ON"
"WITH_AVX", "Build with AVX support", "ON"
"WITH_PYTHON", "Build with integrated Python interpreter", "ON"
"WITH_STYLE_CHECK", "Check code style when building", "ON"
"WITH_TESTING", "Build unit tests", "ON"
"WITH_DOC", "Build documentations", "OFF"
"WITH_SWIG_PY", "Build Python SWIG interface for V2 API", "Auto"
"WITH_GOLANG", "Build fault-tolerant parameter server written in go", "ON"
"WITH_MKL", "Use MKL as BLAS library, else use OpenBLAS", "ON"
BLAS
+++++
PaddlePaddle supports `MKL <https://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-mkl>`_ and
`OpenBlAS <http://www.openblas.net/>`_ as BLAS library。By default it uses MKL.
If you are using MKL and your machine supports AVX2, MKL-DNN will also be downloaded
and used, for more `details <https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/design/mkldnn#cmake>`_ .
If you choose not to use MKL, then OpenBlAS will be used.
CUDA/cuDNN
+++++++++++
PaddlePaddle will automatically find CUDA and cuDNN when compiling and running.
parameter :code:`-DCUDA_ARCH_NAME=Auto` can be used to detect SM architecture
automatically in order to speed up the build.
PaddlePaddle can build with any version later than cuDNN v5.1, and we intend to
keep on with latest cuDNN versions. Be sure to run with the same version of cuDNN
you built.
Pass Compile Options
++++++++++++++
You can pass compile options to use intended BLAS/CUDA/Cudnn libraries.
When running cmake command, it will search system paths like
:code:`/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib` and then search paths that you
passed to cmake, i.e.
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DWITH_GPU=ON -DWITH_TESTING=OFF -DCUDNN_ROOT=/opt/cudnnv5
**NOTE: These options only take effect when running cmake for the first time, you need to clean the cmake cache or clean the build directory (** :code:`rm -rf` **) if you want to change it.**
PaddlePaddle的编译选项
======================
PaddlePaddle的编译选项,包括生成CPU/GPU二进制文件、链接何种BLAS库等。用户可在调用cmake的时候设置它们,详细的cmake使用方法可以参考 `官方文档 <https://cmake.org/cmake-tutorial>`_ 。
Bool型的编译选项
----------------
用户可在cmake的命令行中,通过使用 ``-D`` 命令设置该类编译选项,例如
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DWITH_GPU=OFF
.. csv-table:: Bool型的编译选项
:widths: 1, 7, 2
:file: compile_options.csv
BLAS/CUDA/Cudnn的编译选项
--------------------------
BLAS
+++++
PaddlePaddle支持以下任意一种BLAS库:`MKL <https://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-mkl>`_ ,`ATLAS <http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/>`_ ,`OpenBlAS <http://www.openblas.net/>`_ 和 `REFERENCE BLAS <http://www.netlib.org/blas/>`_ 。
.. csv-table:: BLAS路径相关的编译选项
:widths: 1, 2, 7
:file: cblas_settings.csv
CUDA/Cudnn
+++++++++++
PaddlePaddle可以使用cudnn v2之后的任何一个版本来编译运行,但尽量请保持编译和运行使用的cudnn是同一个版本。 我们推荐使用最新版本的cudnn v5.1。
编译选项的设置
++++++++++++++
PaddePaddle通过编译时指定路径来实现引用各种BLAS/CUDA/Cudnn库。cmake编译时,首先在系统路径(/usr/lib\:/usr/local/lib)中搜索这几个库,同时也会读取相关路径变量来进行搜索。 通过使用 ``-D`` 命令可以设置,例如
.. code-block:: bash
cmake .. -DMKL_ROOT=/opt/mkl/ -DCUDNN_ROOT=/opt/cudnnv5
注意:这几个编译选项的设置,只在第一次cmake的时候有效。如果之后想要重新设置,推荐清理整个编译目录(``rm -rf``)后,再指定。
编译选项,描述,注意
MKL_ROOT,MKL的路径,${MKL_ROOT}/include下需要包含mkl.h,${MKL_ROOT}/lib目录下需要包含mkl_core,mkl_sequential和mkl_intel_lp64三个库。
ATLAS_ROOT,ATLAS的路径,${ATLAS_ROOT}/include下需要包含cblas.h,${ATLAS_ROOT}/lib下需要包含cblas和atlas两个库。
OPENBLAS_ROOT,OpenBLAS的路径,${OPENBLAS_ROOT}/include下需要包含cblas.h,${OPENBLAS_ROOT}/lib下需要包含openblas库。
REFERENCE_CBLAS_ROOT,REFERENCE BLAS的路径,${REFERENCE_CBLAS_ROOT}/include下需要包含cblas.h,${REFERENCE_CBLAS_ROOT}/lib下需要包含cblas库。
\ No newline at end of file
选项,说明,默认值
WITH_GPU,是否支持GPU。,取决于是否寻找到CUDA工具链
WITH_DOUBLE,是否使用双精度浮点数。,否
WITH_DSO,是否运行时动态加载CUDA动态库,而非静态加载CUDA动态库。,是
WITH_AVX,是否编译含有AVX指令集的PaddlePaddle二进制文件,是
WITH_PYTHON,是否内嵌PYTHON解释器。方便今后的嵌入式移植工作。,是
WITH_STYLE_CHECK,是否编译时进行代码风格检查,是
WITH_RDMA,是否开启RDMA,否
WITH_TIMER,是否开启计时功能。如果开启会导致运行略慢,打印的日志变多,但是方便调试和测Benchmark,否
WITH_TESTING,是否开启单元测试,取决于是否寻找到GTEST
WITH_DOC,是否编译中英文文档,否
WITH_SWIG_PY,是否编译PYTHON的SWIG接口,该接口可用于预测和定制化训练,取决于是否寻找到SWIG
\ No newline at end of file
PaddlePaddle的Docker容器使用方式
使用Docker安装运行
================================
PaddlePaddle目前唯一官方支持的运行的方式是Docker容器。因为Docker能在所有主要操作系统(包括Linux,Mac OS X和Windows)上运行。 请注意,您需要更改 `Dockers设置 <https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/issues/627>`_ 才能充分利用Mac OS X和Windows上的硬件资源。
使用Docker安装和运行PaddlePaddle可以无需考虑依赖环境即可运行。并且也可以在Windows的docker中运行。
您可以在 `Docker官网 <https://docs.docker.com/get-started/>`_ 获得基本的Docker安装和使用方法。
Docker使用入门
------------------------------
几个基础的概念帮助理解和使用Docker:
如果您在使用Windows,可以参考
`这篇 <https://docs.docker.com/toolbox/toolbox_install_windows/>`_
教程,完成在Windows上安装和使用Docker。
- *镜像*:一个Docker镜像是一个打包好的软件。它包含了这个软件本身和它所依赖的运行环境。PaddlePaddle的Docker镜像就包含了PaddlePaddle的Python库以及其依赖的多个Python库。这样我们可以直接在Docker中运行需要的程序而不需要安装后在执行。可以执行
在了解Docker的基本使用方法之后,即可开始下面的步骤
.. code-block:: bash
.. _docker_pull:
docker images
获取PaddlePaddle的Docker镜像
------------------------------
来列出当前系统中的所有镜像,同样可以执行:
执行下面的命令获取最新的PaddlePaddle Docker镜像
.. code-block:: bash
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0
来下载Docker镜像,paddlepaddle/paddle是从官方镜像源Dockerhub.com下载的,推荐国内用户使用docker.paddlepaddle.org/paddle下载。
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle
- *容器*: 如果说一个Docker镜像就是一个程序,那容器就是这个程序运行时产生的“进程”。
实际上,一个容器就是一个操作系统的进程,但是是运行在独立的进程空间,文件系统以及网络之上。
可以执行:
对于国内用户,我们提供了加速访问的镜像源:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0
docker pull docker.paddlepaddle.org/paddle
来使用一个镜像启动一个容器。
- 默认情况下,Docker容器会运行在独立的文件系统空间之上,我们无法在Docker容器中
访问到主机上的文件。可以通过*挂载Volume*的方式,将主机上的文件或目录挂载到
Docker容器中。下面的命令把当前目录挂载到了容器中的 /data 目录下,容器使用
debian镜像,并且启动后执行 :code:`ls /data`。
下载GPU版本的Docker镜像:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/data debian ls /data
PaddlePaddle发布的Docker镜像使用说明
------------------------------
我们把PaddlePaddle的编译环境打包成一个镜像,称为开发镜像,里面涵盖了
PaddlePaddle需要的所有编译工具。把编译出来的PaddlePaddle也打包成一个镜
像,称为生产镜像,里面涵盖了PaddlePaddle运行所需的所有环境。每次
PaddlePaddle发布新版本的时候都会发布对应版本的生产镜像以及开发镜像。运
行镜像包括纯CPU版本和GPU版本以及其对应的非AVX版本。我们会在
`dockerhub.com <https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle/tags/>`_
和国内镜像`docker.paddlepaddle.org` 提供最新
的Docker镜像,可以在"tags"标签下找到最新的Paddle镜像版本。
**注意:为了方便在国内的开发者下载Docker镜像,我们提供了国内的镜像服务器供大家使用。如果您在国内,请把文档里命令中的paddlepaddle/paddle替换成docker.paddlepaddle.org/paddle。**
1. 开发镜像::code:`paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0-dev`
这个镜像包含了Paddle相关的开发工具以及编译和运行环境。用户可以使用开发镜像代替配置本地环境,完成开发,编译,发布,
文档编写等工作。由于不同的Paddle的版本可能需要不同的依赖和工具,所以如果需要自行配置开发环境需要考虑版本的因素。
开发镜像包含了以下工具:
- gcc/clang
- nvcc
- Python
- sphinx
- woboq
- sshd
很多开发者会使用远程的安装有GPU的服务器工作,用户可以使用ssh登录到这台服务器上并执行 :code:`docker exec`进入开发镜像并开始工作,
也可以在开发镜像中启动一个SSHD服务,方便开发者直接登录到镜像中进行开发:
以交互容器方式运行开发镜像:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -it --rm -v $(pwd):/paddle paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0-dev /bin/bash
或者,可以以后台进程方式运行容器:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -d -p 2202:22 -p 8888:8888 -v $(pwd):/paddle paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0-dev /usr/sbin/sshd -D
然后用密码 :code:`root` SSH进入容器:
.. code-block:: bash
ssh -p 2202 root@localhost
SSH方式的一个优点是我们可以从多个终端进入容器。比如,一个终端运行vi,另一个终端运行Python。另一个好处是我们可以把PaddlePaddle容器运行在远程服务器上,并在笔记本上通过SSH与其连接。
2. 生产镜像:根据CPU、GPU和非AVX区分了如下4个镜像:
- GPU/AVX::code:`paddlepaddle/paddle:<version>-gpu`
- GPU/no-AVX::code:`paddlepaddle/paddle:<version>-gpu-noavx`
- CPU/AVX::code:`paddlepaddle/paddle:<version>`
- CPU/no-AVX::code:`paddlepaddle/paddle:<version>-noavx`
纯CPU镜像以及GPU镜像都会用到AVX指令集,但是2008年之前生产的旧电脑不支持AVX。以下指令能检查Linux电脑是否支持AVX:
.. code-block:: bash
if cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i avx; then echo Yes; else echo No; fi
如果输出是No,就需要选择使用no-AVX的镜像
**注:在0.10.0之后的版本,PaddlePaddle都可以自动判断硬件是否支持AVX,所以无需判断AVX即可使用**
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:latest-gpu
docker pull docker.paddlepaddle.org/paddle:latest-gpu
以上方法在GPU镜像里也能用,只是请不要忘记提前在物理机上安装GPU最新驱动。
为了保证GPU驱动能够在镜像里面正常运行,我们推荐使用[nvidia-docker](https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker)来运行镜像。
选择下载使用不同的BLAS库的Docker镜像:
.. code-block:: bash
nvidia-docker run -it --rm paddledev/paddle:0.10.0-gpu /bin/bash
.. code-block:: bash
注意: 如果使用nvidia-docker存在问题,你也许可以尝试更老的方法,具体如下,但是我们并不推荐这种方法。:
# 默认是使用MKL的镜像
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle
# 使用OpenBLAS的镜像
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:latest-openblas
.. code-block:: bash
下载指定版本的Docker镜像,可以从 `DockerHub网站 <https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle/tags/>`_ 获取可选的tag,并执行下面的命令:
export CUDA_SO="$(\ls /usr/lib64/libcuda* | xargs -I{} echo '-v {}:{}') $(\ls /usr/lib64/libnvidia* | xargs -I{} echo '-v {}:{}')"
export DEVICES=$(\ls /dev/nvidia* | xargs -I{} echo '--device {}:{}')
docker run ${CUDA_SO} ${DEVICES} -it paddledev/paddle:0.10.0-gpu
.. code-block:: bash
3. 运行以及发布您的AI程序
docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:[tag]
# 比如:
docker pull docker.paddlepaddle.org/paddle:0.10.0-gpu
假设您已经完成了一个AI训练的python程序 :code:`a.py`,这个程序是您在开发机上使用开发镜像完成开发。此时您可以运行这个命令在开发机上进行测试运行:
.. _docker_run:
.. code-block:: bash
在Docker中执行PaddlePaddle训练程序
------------------------------
docker run -it -v $PWD:/work paddle /work/a.py
假设您已经在当前目录(比如在/home/work)编写了一个PaddlePaddle的程序 :code:`train.py` (可以参考
`PaddlePaddleBook <http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/book/01.fit_a_line/index.cn.html>`_
编写),就可以使用下面的命令开始执行训练:
如果要使用GPU,请运行:
.. code-block:: bash
.. code-block:: bash
cd /home/work
docker run -it -v $PWD:/work paddlepaddle/paddle /work/train.py
上述命令中, :code:`-it` 参数说明容器已交互式运行; :code:`-v $PWD:/work`
指定将当前路径(Linux中$PWD变量会展开为当前路径的绝对路径)挂载到容器内部的 :code:`/work`
目录; :code:`paddlepaddle/paddle` 指定需要使用的容器; 最后 :code:`/work/train.py`
为容器内执行的命令,即运行训练程序。
nvidia-docker run -it -v $PWD:/work paddle /work/a.py
当然,您也可以进入到Docker容器中,以交互式的方式执行或调试您的代码:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -it -v $PWD:/work paddlepaddle/paddle /bin/bash
cd /work
python train.py
这里`a.py`包含的所有依赖假设都可以在Paddle的运行容器中。如果需要包含更多的依赖、或者需要发布您的应用的镜像,可以编写`Dockerfile`使用`FROM paddledev/paddle:0.10.0`
创建和发布自己的AI程序镜像。
**注:PaddlePaddle Docker镜像为了减小体积,默认没有安装vim,您可以在容器中执行** :code:`apt-get install -y vim` **安装后,在容器中编辑代码。**
运行PaddlePaddle Book
---------------------
.. _docker_run_book:
Jupyter Notebook是一个开源的web程序,大家可以通过它制作和分享带有代码、公式、图表、文字的交互式文档。用户可以通过网页浏览文档。
使用Docker启动PaddlePaddle Book教程
------------------------------
PaddlePaddle Book是为用户和开发者制作的一个交互式的Jupyter Nodebook。
使用Docker可以快速在本地启动一个包含了PaddlePaddle官方Book教程的Jupyter Notebook,可以通过网页浏览。
PaddlePaddle Book是为用户和开发者制作的一个交互式的Jupyter Notebook。
如果您想要更深入了解deep learning,PaddlePaddle Book一定是您最好的选择。
大家可以通过它阅读教程,或者制作和分享带有代码、公式、图表、文字的交互式文档。
我们提供可以直接运行PaddlePaddle Book的Docker镜像,直接运行:
.. code-block:: bash
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -p 8888:8888 paddlepaddle/book
docker run -p 8888:8888 paddlepaddle/book
然后在浏览器中输入以下网址:
.. code-block:: text
.. code-block:: text
http://localhost:8888/
http://localhost:8888/
就这么简单,享受您的旅程!
通过Docker容器开发PaddlePaddle
------------------------------
开发人员可以在Docker开发镜像中开发PaddlePaddle。这样开发人员可以以一致的方式在不同的平台上工作 - Linux,Mac OS X和Windows。
.. _docker_run_gpu:
1. 制作PaddlePaddle开发镜像
PaddlePaddle每次发布新版本都会发布对应的开发镜像供开发者直接使用。这里介绍如生成造这个开发镜像。
生成Docker镜像的方式有两个,一个是直接把一个容器转换成镜像,另一个是创建Dockerfile并运行docker build指令按照Dockerfile生成镜像。第一个方法的好处是简单快捷,适合自己实验,可以快速迭代。第二个方法的好处是Dockerfile可以把整个生成流程描述很清楚,其他人很容易看懂镜像生成过程,持续集成系统也可以简单地复现这个过程。我们采用第二个方法。Dockerfile位于PaddlePaddle repo的根目录。生成生产镜像只需要运行:
.. code-block:: bash
git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git
cd Paddle
docker build -t paddle:dev .
docker build这个命令的-t指定了生成的镜像的名字,这里我们用paddle:dev。到此,PaddlePaddle开发镜像就被构建完毕了。
使用Docker执行GPU训练
------------------------------
2. 制作PaddlePaddle生产镜像
为了保证GPU驱动能够在镜像里面正常运行,我们推荐使用
`nvidia-docker <https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker>`_ 来运行镜像。
请不要忘记提前在物理机上安装GPU最新驱动。
生产镜像的生成分为两步,第一步是运行:
.. code-block:: bash
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -v $(pwd):/paddle -e "WITH_GPU=OFF" -e "WITH_AVX=OFF" -e "WITH_TEST=ON" paddle:dev
nvidia-docker run -it -v $PWD:/work paddledev/paddle:latest-gpu /bin/bash
以上命令会编译PaddlePaddle,生成运行程序,以及生成创建生产镜像的Dockerfile。所有生成的的文件都在build目录下。“WITH_GPU”控制生成的生产镜像是否支持GPU,“WITH_AVX”控制生成的生产镜像是否支持AVX,”WITH_TEST“控制是否生成单元测试。
**注: 如果没有安装nvidia-docker,可以尝试以下的方法,将CUDA库和Linux设备挂载到Docker容器内:**
第二步是运行:
.. code-block:: bash
.. code-block:: bash
docker build -t paddle:prod -f build/Dockerfile ./build
export CUDA_SO="$(\ls /usr/lib64/libcuda* | xargs -I{} echo '-v {}:{}') $(\ls /usr/lib64/libnvidia* | xargs -I{} echo '-v {}:{}')"
export DEVICES=$(\ls /dev/nvidia* | xargs -I{} echo '--device {}:{}')
docker run ${CUDA_SO} ${DEVICES} -it paddledev/paddle:latest-gpu
以上命令会按照生成的Dockerfile把生成的程序拷贝到生产镜像中并做相应的配置,最终生成名为paddle:prod的生产镜像。
**关于AVX:**
3. 运行单元测试
AVX是一种CPU指令集,可以加速PaddlePaddle的计算。最新的PaddlePaddle Docker镜像默认
是开启AVX编译的,所以,如果您的电脑不支持AVX,需要单独
`编译 <./build_from_source_cn.rst>`_ PaddlePaddle为no-avx版本。
运行以下指令
以下指令能检查Linux电脑是否支持AVX
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -it -v $(pwd):/paddle paddle:dev bash -c "cd /paddle/build && ctest"
文档
----
Paddle的Docker开发镜像带有一个通过 `woboq code browser
<https://github.com/woboq/woboq_codebrowser>`_ 生成的HTML版本的C++源代码,便于用户浏览C++源码。
只要在Docker里启动PaddlePaddle的时候给它一个名字,就可以再运行另一个Nginx Docker镜像来服务HTML代码:
.. code-block:: bash
docker run -d --name paddle-cpu-doc paddle:0.10.0-dev
docker run -d --volumes-from paddle-cpu-doc -p 8088:80 nginx
if cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i avx; then echo Yes; else echo No; fi
接着我们就能够打开浏览器在 http://localhost:8088/paddle/ 浏览代码。
如果输出是No,就需要选择使用no-AVX的镜像
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# 编译PaddlePaddle和运行单元测试
# 用Docker编译和测试PaddlePaddle
## 需要的软硬件
......
# Build PaddlePaddle from Source Code and Run Unit Test
# Build using Docker
## What Developers Need
......
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