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    <li>Design Doc: ProgramDesc</li>
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  <div class="section" id="design-doc-programdesc">
<span id="design-doc-programdesc"></span><h1>Design Doc: ProgramDesc<a class="headerlink" href="#design-doc-programdesc" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>The basic structure of a PaddlePaddle program is some nested blocks, as a C++ or Java program.</p>
<p>As described in <a class="reference internal" href="graph.html"><span class="doc">graph.md</span></a>, the first five lines of the following PaddlePaddle program</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;images&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;label&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cost</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">l</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">optimize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">train</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">reader</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mnist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">train</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>generates, or compiles, a PaddelPaddle program, which is represented by the following protobuf message:</p>
<div class="highlight-protobuf"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">ProgramDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
  <span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">BlockDesc</span> <span class="na">blocks</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>

<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">BlockDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
  <span class="k">required</span> <span class="kt">int32</span> <span class="na">parent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
  <span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">VarDesc</span> <span class="na">vars</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
  <span class="k">repeated</span> <span class="n">OpDesc</span> <span class="na">ops</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>

<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">OpDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
  <span class="n">AttrDesc</span> <span class="na">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
  <span class="o">...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>

<span class="kd">message</span> <span class="nc">AttrDesc</span> <span class="p">{</span>
  <span class="k">required</span> <span class="n">AttrType</span> <span class="na">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>

  <span class="c1">// index into ProgramDesc::blocks when type==BLOCK</span>
  <span class="k">optional</span> <span class="kt">int32</span> <span class="na">block</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
  <span class="o">...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When each of the first five lines runs, related Python function, e.g., <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">layer.fc</span></code>, calls C++ InferShape functions.  This InferShape function needs to access the properties of VarDesc&#8217;s accessed by the current OpDesc. These VarDesc&#8217;s might not be defined in the current block, but in some ancestor blocks.  This requires that we can trace the parent of a block.</p>
<p>A nested block is often an attribute of an operator, most likely, an IfElseOp or a WhileOp.  In above solution, all blocks are in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ProgramDesc::blocks</span></code>, this implicitly assigns a zero-based ID to each block &#8211; the index of the block in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ProgramDesc::blocks</span></code>.  So that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">AttrDesc::block</span></code> could be an integer block ID.</p>
<p>With this design, the InferShape function should take the following parameters:</p>
<div class="highlight-c++"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">InferShape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">current_block</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">current_operator</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">ProgramDesc</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">program</span> <span class="c1">// might change VarDesc values.</span>
                <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
  <span class="p">...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>where</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">current_block</span></code> indices into <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ProgramDesc::blocks</span></code>,</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">current_operator</span></code> indices into <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BlockDesc::ops</span></code>.</li>
</ul>
</div>


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