system_allocator.cc

/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License. */
#define GLOG_NO_ABBREVIATED_SEVERITIES

#include "paddle/fluid/memory/detail/system_allocator.h"

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <malloc.h>
#include <windows.h>  // VirtualLock/VirtualUnlock
#else
#include <sys/mman.h>  // for mlock and munlock
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>   // for malloc and free
#include <algorithm>  // for std::max
#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "gflags/gflags.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/memory/allocation/allocator.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/cpu_info.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/enforce.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/gpu_info.h"
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/cuda_device_guard.h"
#endif

DECLARE_bool(use_pinned_memory);
DECLARE_double(fraction_of_gpu_memory_to_use);
DECLARE_uint64(initial_gpu_memory_in_mb);
DECLARE_uint64(reallocate_gpu_memory_in_mb);

namespace paddle {
namespace memory {
namespace detail {

void* AlignedMalloc(size_t size) {
  void* p = nullptr;
  size_t alignment = 32ul;
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
  // refer to https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/blob/master/include/mkldnn.hpp
  // memory alignment
  alignment = 4096ul;
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
  p = _aligned_malloc(size, alignment);
#else
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(posix_memalign(&p, alignment, size), 0, "Alloc %ld error!",
                    size);
#endif
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_NOT_NULL(p, "Fail to allocate CPU memory: size = %d .", size);
  return p;
}

void* CPUAllocator::Alloc(size_t* index, size_t size) {
  // According to http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/cstdlib/malloc/,
  // malloc might not return nullptr if size is zero, but the returned
  // pointer shall not be dereferenced -- so we make it nullptr.
  if (size <= 0) return nullptr;

  *index = 0;  // unlock memory

  void* p = AlignedMalloc(size);

  if (p != nullptr) {
    if (FLAGS_use_pinned_memory) {
      *index = 1;
#ifdef _WIN32
      VirtualLock(p, size);
#else
      mlock(p, size);  // lock memory
#endif
    }
  }

  return p;
}

void CPUAllocator::Free(void* p, size_t size, size_t index) {
  if (p != nullptr && index == 1) {
#ifdef _WIN32
    VirtualUnlock(p, size);
#else
    munlock(p, size);
#endif
  }
#ifdef _WIN32
  _aligned_free(p);
#else
  free(p);
#endif
}

bool CPUAllocator::UseGpu() const { return false; }

#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA

void* GPUAllocator::Alloc(size_t* index, size_t size) {
  // CUDA documentation doesn't explain if cudaMalloc returns nullptr
  // if size is 0.  We just make sure it does.
  if (size <= 0) return nullptr;

  paddle::platform::CUDADeviceGuard guard(gpu_id_);

  void* p;
  cudaError_t result = cudaMalloc(&p, size);

  if (result == cudaSuccess) {
    *index = 0;
    gpu_alloc_size_ += size;
    return p;
  } else {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_NE(cudaGetLastError(), cudaSuccess);

    size_t avail, total;
    platform::GpuMemoryUsage(&avail, &total);

    PADDLE_THROW_BAD_ALLOC(
        "\n\nOut of memory error on GPU %d. "
        "Cannot allocate %s memory on GPU %d, "
        "available memory is only %s.\n\n"
        "Please check whether there is any other process using GPU %d.\n"
        "1. If yes, please stop them, or start PaddlePaddle on another GPU.\n"
        "2. If no, please try one of the following suggestions:\n"
        "   1) Decrease the batch size of your model.\n"
        "   2) FLAGS_fraction_of_gpu_memory_to_use is %.2lf now, "
        "please set it to a higher value but less than 1.0.\n"
        "      The command is "
        "`export FLAGS_fraction_of_gpu_memory_to_use=xxx`.\n\n",
        gpu_id_, string::HumanReadableSize(size), gpu_id_,
        string::HumanReadableSize(avail), gpu_id_,
        FLAGS_fraction_of_gpu_memory_to_use);
  }
}

void GPUAllocator::Free(void* p, size_t size, size_t index) {
  cudaError_t err;
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(index, 0);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_GE(gpu_alloc_size_, size);
  gpu_alloc_size_ -= size;
  err = cudaFree(p);

  // Purposefully allow cudaErrorCudartUnloading, because
  // that is returned if you ever call cudaFree after the
  // driver has already shutdown. This happens only if the
  // process is terminating, in which case we don't care if
  // cudaFree succeeds.
  if (err != cudaErrorCudartUnloading) {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(err, "cudaFree{Host} failed in GPUAllocator::Free.");
  }
}

bool GPUAllocator::UseGpu() const { return true; }

// PINNED memory allows direct DMA transfers by the GPU to and from system
// memory. It’s locked to a physical address.
void* CUDAPinnedAllocator::Alloc(size_t* index, size_t size) {
  if (size <= 0) return nullptr;

  // NOTE: here, we use CUDAPinnedMaxAllocSize as the maximum memory size
  // of host pinned allocation. Allocates too much would reduce
  // the amount of memory available to the underlying system for paging.
  size_t usable =
      paddle::platform::CUDAPinnedMaxAllocSize() - cuda_pinnd_alloc_size_;

  if (size > usable) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Cannot malloc " << size / 1024.0 / 1024.0
                 << " MB pinned memory."
                 << ", available " << usable / 1024.0 / 1024.0 << " MB";
    return nullptr;
  }

  void* p;
  // PINNED memory is visible to all CUDA contexts.
  cudaError_t result = cudaHostAlloc(&p, size, cudaHostAllocPortable);

  if (result == cudaSuccess) {
    *index = 1;  // PINNED memory
    cuda_pinnd_alloc_size_ += size;
    return p;
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "cudaHostAlloc failed.";
    return nullptr;
  }

  return nullptr;
}

void CUDAPinnedAllocator::Free(void* p, size_t size, size_t index) {
  cudaError_t err;
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(index, 1);

  PADDLE_ENFORCE_GE(cuda_pinnd_alloc_size_, size);
  cuda_pinnd_alloc_size_ -= size;
  err = cudaFreeHost(p);

  // Purposefully allow cudaErrorCudartUnloading, because
  // that is returned if you ever call cudaFreeHost after the
  // driver has already shutdown. This happens only if the
  // process is terminating, in which case we don't care if
  // cudaFreeHost succeeds.
  if (err != cudaErrorCudartUnloading) {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(err, "cudaFreeHost failed in GPUPinnedAllocator::Free.");
  }
}

bool CUDAPinnedAllocator::UseGpu() const { return false; }

#endif

}  // namespace detail
}  // namespace memory
}  // namespace paddle