44.md

# Spring Jetty 教程

> 原文： [http://zetcode.com/spring/jetty/](http://zetcode.com/spring/jetty/)

Spring Jetty 教程显示了如何在 Jetty Web 服务器上运行 Spring Web 应用。

Spring 是用于创建企业应用的流行 Java 应用框架。

## Jetty

Jetty Web 服务器是一个 HTTP 服务器和 Servlet 容器，能够通过独立或嵌入式实例提供静态和动态内容。

## Spring Jetty 的例子

在以下示例中，我们创建一个简单的 Spring Web 应用并将其部署在 Jetty Web 服务器上。 为此，我们使用`jetty-maven-plugin`。

该应用显示几个英语单词。

```java
pom.xml
src
├───main
│   ├───java
│   │   └───com
│   │       └───zetcode
│   │           ├───config
│   │           │       MyWebInitializer.java
│   │           │       WebConfig.java
│   │           └───controller
│   │                   MyController.java
│   └───resources
│       │   logback.xml
│       └───templates
│               index.html
└───test
    └───java

```

这是项目结构。

`pom.xml`

```java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
            http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zetcode</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringJettyEx</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring-version>5.1.3.RELEASE</spring-version>
        <thymeleaf-version>3.0.11.RELEASE</thymeleaf-version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
            <version>${thymeleaf-version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
            <version>${thymeleaf-version}</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>9.4.14.v20181114</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

```

在`pom.xml`中，我们具有项目依赖项。

```java
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
    <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>9.4.14.v20181114</version>
</plugin>

```

`jetty-maven-plugin`允许我们使用`mvn jetty:run`运行嵌入式 Jetty 服务器。

`resources/logback.xml`

```java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <logger name="org.springframework" level="ERROR"/>
    <logger name="com.zetcode" level="INFO"/>

    <appender name="consoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <Pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %blue(%-5level) %magenta(%logger{36}) - %msg %n
            </Pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root>
        <level value="INFO" />
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender" />
    </root>
</configuration>

```

这是`logback.xml`配置

`com/zetcode/config/MyWebInitializer.java`

```java
package com.zetcode.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

@Configuration
public class MyWebInitializer extends
        AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {

        return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {

        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
}

```

`MyWebInitializer`初始化 Spring Web 应用。 它包含一个配置类：`WebConfig`。

`com/zetcode/config/WebConfig.java`

```java
package com.zetcode.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewResolverRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.zetcode"})
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Bean
    public SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver() {

        var templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();

        templateResolver.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
        templateResolver.setPrefix("classpath:/templates/");
        templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");

        return templateResolver;
    }

    @Bean
    public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine() {

        var templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver());
        templateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(true);

        return templateEngine;
    }

    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver() {

        var resolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
        var registry = new ViewResolverRegistry(null, applicationContext);

        resolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine());
        registry.viewResolver(resolver);

        return resolver;
    }
}

```

`WebConfig`配置 Thymeleaf 模板引擎。

`com/zetcode/controller/MyController.java`

```java
package com.zetcode.controller;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @GetMapping(value = "/", produces = MediaType.TEXT_HTML_VALUE)
    public String home(Model model) {

        var words = List.of("mountain", "noon", "rock", "river", "spring");

        model.addAttribute("words", words);

        return "index";
    }
}

```

`MyController`包含主页的一种路由。 我们向模板发送一些数据。 数据将显示在 HTML 表中。

`resources/templates/index.html`

```java
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Home page</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>English words</h2>

<table">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Index</th>
        <th>Word</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr th:each="word : ${words}">
        <td th:text="${wordStat.index + 1}">Index</td>
        <td th:text="${word}">A word</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>

```

这是主页。

```java
$ mvn jetty:run    

```

我们运行 Jetty 服务器。 我们导航到`localhost:8080`以获取主页。

在本教程中，我们创建了一个 Spring Web 应用并将其部署在嵌入式 Jetty 服务器上。

您可能也对这些相关教程感兴趣： [Spring WebJars 教程](/spring/webjars/)， [Spring DefaultServlet 教程](/spring/defaultservlet/)， [Spring Web 应用简介](/articles/springwebfirst/)和 [Java 教程](/lang/java/)。