提交 689a4ea3 编写于 作者: L Liu Yiqun

Add the documentations under mobile to index.

上级 3c839b1d
...@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ PaddlePaddle 文档 ...@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ PaddlePaddle 文档
howto/index_cn.rst howto/index_cn.rst
api/index_cn.rst api/index_cn.rst
faq/index_cn.rst faq/index_cn.rst
mobile/index_cn.rst
...@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ PaddlePaddle Documentation ...@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ PaddlePaddle Documentation
getstarted/index_en.rst getstarted/index_en.rst
howto/index_en.rst howto/index_en.rst
api/index_en.rst api/index_en.rst
mobile/index_en.rst
# Build PaddlePaddle for Android # 构建Android平台上的PaddlePaddle库
There are two approaches to build PaddlePaddle for Android: using Docker and on Linux without Docker. 用户可通过如下两种方式,交叉编译Android平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库:
- 基于Docker容器的编译方式
- 基于Linux交叉编译环境的编译方式
## Cross-Compiling Using Docker ## 基于Docker容器的编译方式
Docker能在所有主要操作系统(包括Linux,Mac OS X和Windows)上运行,因此,使用基于Docker容器的编译方式,用户可在自己熟悉的开发平台上编译Android平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库。
Docker-based cross-compiling is the recommended approach because Docker runs on all major operating systems, including Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. ### 构建PaddlePaddle的Android开发镜像
我们把PaddlePaddle的交叉编译环境打包成一个镜像,称为开发镜像,里面涵盖了交叉编译Android版PaddlePaddle库需要的所有编译工具。
### Build the Docker Image
The following steps pack all the tools that we need to build PaddlePaddle into a Docker image.
```bash ```bash
$ git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git $ git clone https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git
$ cd Paddle $ cd Paddle
$ docker build -t paddle:dev-android . -f Dockerfile.android $ docker build -t username/paddle-android:dev . -f Dockerfile.android
```
### Build the Inference Library
We can run the Docker image we just created to build the inference library of PaddlePaddle for Android using the command below:
```bash
$ docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/paddle -e "ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a" -e "ANDROID_API=21" paddle:dev-android
``` ```
The Docker image accepts two arguments `ANDROID_ABI` and `ANDROID_API`: ### 编译PaddlePaddle C-API库
构建好开发镜像后,即可使用开发镜像来编译Android版PaddlePaddle C-API库。
Android的Docker开发镜像向用户提供两个可配置的参数:
| Argument | Optional Values | Default | | Argument | Optional Values | Default |
|-----------------|-------------------------|---------| |-----------------|-------------------------|---------|
|`ANDROID_ABI` |`armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a` | `armeabi-v7a` | |`ANDROID_ABI` |`armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a` | `armeabi-v7a` |
|`ANDROID_API` |`>= 21` | `21` | |`ANDROID_API` |`>= 21` | `21` |
The ARM-64 architecture (`arm64-v8a`) requires at least level 21 of Android API. - 编译`armeabi-v7a``Android API 21`的PaddlePaddle库
```bash
The default entry-point of the Docker image, [`paddle/scripts/docker/build_android.sh`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/scripts/docker/build_android.sh) generates the [Android cross-compiling standalone toolchain](https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/standalone_toolchain.html) based on the argument: `ANDROID_ABI` or `ANDROID_API`. For information about other configuration arguments, please continue reading. $ docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/paddle -e "ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a" -e "ANDROID_API=21" username/paddle-android:dev
```
The above command generates and outputs the inference library in `$PWD/install_android` and puts third-party libraries in `$PWD/install_android/third_party`. - 编译`arm64-v8a``Android API 21`的PaddlePaddle库
```bash
$ docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/paddle -e "ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a" -e "ANDROID_API=21" username/paddle-android:dev
```
## Cross-Compiling on Linux 执行上述`docker run`命令时,容器默认执行[paddle/scripts/docker/build_android.sh](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/scripts/docker/build_android.sh)脚本。该脚本中记录了交叉编译Android版PaddlePaddle库常用的CMake配置,并且会根据`ANDROID_ABI``ANDROID_API`自动构建独立工具链、进行编译和安装。由于arm64架构要求Android API不小于21。因此当`ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a``ANDROID_API<21`时,Docker容器中将默认使用`Android API 21`的编译工具链。用户可以参考下文**配置交叉编译参数**章节,根据个人的需求修改定制Docker容器所执行的脚本。编译安装结束之后,PaddlePaddle的C-API库将被安装到`$PWD/install_android`目录,所依赖的第三方库同时也被安装到`$PWD/install_android/third_party`目录。
The Linux-base approach to cross-compile is to run steps in `Dockerfile.android` manually on a Linux x64 computer. ## 基于Linux交叉编译环境的编译方式
本文档将以Linux x86-64平台为例,介绍交叉编译Android平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库的方法和步骤。
### Setup the Environment ### 准备交叉编译环境
To build for Android's, we need [Android NDK]( 从源码交叉编译PaddlePaddle,用户需要提前准备好交叉编译环境。Android平台上使用的C/C++交叉编译工具链为[Android NDK](https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads/index.html?hl=zh-cn),用户可自行前往下载预编译好的版本,也可通过以下命令获取:
https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads/index.html):
```bash ```bash
wget -q https://dl.google.com/android/repository/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64.zip wget -q https://dl.google.com/android/repository/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64.zip
unzip -q android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64.zip unzip -q android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64.zip
``` ```
Android NDK includes everything we need to build the [*standalone toolchain*](https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/standalone_toolchain.html), which in then used to build PaddlePaddle for Android. (We plan to remove the intermediate stage of building the standalone toolchain in the near future.) Android NDK中包含了所有Android API级别、所有架构(arm/arm64/x86/mips)需要用到的编译工具和系统库。用户可根据自己的编译目标架构、所需支持的最低Android API级别,构建[独立工具链](https://developer.android.google.cn/ndk/guides/standalone_toolchain.html?hl=zh-cn)
- To build the standalone toolchain for `armeabi-v7a` and Android API level 21: - 构建`armeabi-v7a``Android API 21`的独立工具链:
```bash ```bash
your/path/to/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64/build/tools/make-standalone-toolchain.sh \ your/path/to/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64/build/tools/make-standalone-toolchain.sh \
--arch=arm --platform=android-21 --install-dir=your/path/to/arm_standalone_toolchain --arch=arm --platform=android-21 --install-dir=your/path/to/arm_standalone_toolchain
``` ```
The generated standalone toolchain will be in `your/path/to/arm_standalone_toolchain`.
- To build the standalone toolchain for `arm64-v8a` and Android API level 21:
```bash 此命令将在`your/path/to/arm_standalone_toolchain`目录生成一套独立编译工具链,面向架构为32位ARM架构,支持的最小的Android API级别为21,支持编译器`arm-linux-androideabi-gcc (GCC) 4.9``clang 3.8`
your/path/to/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64/build/tools/make-standalone-toolchain.sh \
--arch=arm64 --platform=android-21 --install-dir=your/path/to/arm64_standalone_toolchain
```
The generated standalone toolchain will be in `your/path/to/arm64_standalone_toolchain`. - 构建`arm64-v8a``Android API 21`的独立工具链:
```bash
your/path/to/android-ndk-r14b-linux-x86_64/build/tools/make-standalone-toolchain.sh \
--arch=arm64 --platform=android-21 --install-dir=your/path/to/arm64_standalone_toolchain
```
**Please be aware that the minimum level of Android API required by PaddlePaddle is 21.** 此命令将在`your/path/to/arm64_standalone_toolchain`目录生成一套独立编译工具链,面向架构为64位ARM64架构,支持的最小Android API级别为21,支持编译器`arm-linux-androideabi-gcc (GCC) 4.9``clang 3.8`
### Cross-Compiling Arguments 注意:**PaddlePaddle要求使用的编译工具链所支持的Android API级别不小于21**
CMake supports [choosing the toolchain](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html#cross-compiling). PaddlePaddle provides [`android.cmake`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/cmake/cross_compiling/android.cmake), which configures the Android cross-compiling toolchain for CMake. `android.cmake` is not required for CMake >= 3.7, which support Android cross-compiling. PaddlePaddle detects the CMake version, for those newer than 3.7, it uses [the official version](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.7/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html#cross-compiling). ### 配置交叉编译参数
Some other CMake arguments you need to know: CMake系统对交叉编译提供了支持[cmake-toolchains](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html#cross-compiling)。为了简化cmake配置,PaddlePaddle为交叉编译提供了工具链配置文档[cmake/cross_compiling/android.cmake](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/cmake/cross_compiling/android.cmake),以提供一些默认的编译器和编译参数相关配置。注意,从CMake 3.7版本开始,CMake官方对Android平台的交叉编译提供了通用的支持。PaddlePaddle若检测到用户使用的CMake版本不低于3.7时,将会将用户传进来的配置参数传递CMake系统,交由CMake系统本身来处理。有关参数配置的详细说明见[cmake-toolchains](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.7/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html#cross-compiling)
- `CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME` must be `Android`. This tells PaddlePaddle's CMake system to cross-compile third-party dependencies. This also changes some other CMake arguments like `WITH_GPU=OFF`, `WITH_AVX=OFF`, `WITH_PYTHON=OFF`, and `WITH_RDMA=OFF`. 交叉编译Android版本的PaddlePaddle库时,有一些必须配置的参数:
- `WITH_C_API` must be `ON`, to build the C-based inference library for Android. - `CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME`,CMake编译的目标平台,必须设置为`Android`。在设置`CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Android`后,PaddlePaddle的CMake系统才认为是在交叉编译Android系统的版本,并自动编译宿主机版protoc可执行文件、目标机版protobuf库、以及Android所需`arm_soft_fp_abi`分支的目标机版OpenBLAS库。此外,还会强制设置一些PaddlePaddle参数的值(`WITH_GPU=OFF``WITH_AVX=OFF``WITH_PYTHON=OFF``WITH_RDMA=OFF`)。
- `WITH_SWIG_PY` must be `OFF` because the Android platform doesn't support SWIG-based API. - `WITH_C_API`,必须设置为`ON`。在Android平台上只支持使用C-API来预测。
- `WITH_SWIG_PY`,必须设置为`OFF`。在Android平台上不支持通过swig调用来训练或者预测。
Some Android-specific arguments: Android平台可选配置参数:
- `ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN`: the absolute path of the Android standalone toolchain, or the path relative to the CMake build directory. PaddlePaddle's CMake extensions would derive the cross-compiler, sysroot and Android API level from this argument. - `ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN`,独立工具链所在的绝对路径,或者相对于构建目录的相对路径。PaddlePaddle的CMake系统将根据该值自动推导和设置需要使用的交叉编译器、sysroot、以及Android API级别;否则,用户需要在cmake时手动设置这些值。无默认值。
- `ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN`: could be `gcc` or `clang`. The default value is `clang`. - `ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN`,目标工具链。可设置`gcc/clang`,默认值为`clang`
- For CMake >= 3.7, it should anyway be `clang`. For older versions, it could be `gcc`. - CMake 3.7以上,将会始终使用`clang`工具链;CMake 3.7以下,可设置`ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=gcc`以使用`gcc`工具链。
- Android's official `clang` requires `glibc` >= 2.15. - Android官方提供的`clang`编译器要求系统支持`GLIBC 2.15`以上。
- `ANDROID_ABI`: could be `armeabi-v7a` or `arm64-v8a`. The default value is `armeabi-v7a`. - `ANDROID_ABI`,目标架构ABI。目前支持`armeabi-v7a``arm64-v8a`,默认值为`armeabi-v7a`
- `ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL`: could be derived from the value of `ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN`. - `ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL`,工具链的Android API级别。若没有显式设置,PaddlePaddle将根据`ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN`的值自动推导得到。
- `ANROID_ARM_MODE`: - `ANROID_ARM_MODE`,是否使用ARM模式。
- could be `ON` or `OFF`, and defaults to `ON`, when `ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a`; - `ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a`时,可设置`ON/OFF`,默认值为`ON`
- no need to specify when `ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a`. - `ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a`时,不需要设置。
- `ANDROID_ARM_NEON`: indicates if to use NEON instructions. - `ANDROID_ARM_NEON`,是否使用NEON指令。
- could be `ON` or `OFF`, and defaults to `ON`, when `ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a`; - `ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a`时,可设置`ON/OFF`,默认值为`ON`
- no need to specify when `ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a`. - `ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a`时,不需要设置。
Other useful arguments: 其他配置参数:
- `USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS`: indicates if using Eigen. Could be `ON` or `OFF`, defaults to `OFF`. - `USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS`,是否使用Eigen库进行矩阵计算。可设置`ON/OFF`,默认值为`OFF`
- `HOST_C/CXX_COMPILER`: specifies the host compiler, which is used to build the host-specific protoc and target-specific OpenBLAS. It defaults to the value of the environment variable `CC`, or `cc`. - `HOST_C/CXX_COMPILER`,宿主机的C/C++编译器。在编译宿主机版protoc可执行文件和目标机版OpenBLAS库时需要用到。默认设置成环境变量`CC`的值;若环境变量`CC`没有设置,则设置成`cc`编译器。
Some frequent configurations for your reference: 常用的cmake配置如下:
```bash ```bash
cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Android \ cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Android \
...@@ -129,25 +125,22 @@ cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Android \ ...@@ -129,25 +125,22 @@ cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Android \
.. ..
``` ```
用户还可根据自己的需求设置其他编译参数。比如希望最小化生成的库的大小,可以设置`CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE``MinSizeRel`;若希望最快的执行速度,则可设置`CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE``Release`。亦可以通过手动设置`CMAKE_C/CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL/RELEASE`来影响PaddlePaddle的编译过程。
There are some other arguments you might want to configure. **性能TIPS**,为了达到最快的计算速度,在CMake参数配置上,有以下建议:
- 设置`CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE``Release`
- `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MinSizeRel` minimizes the size of library. - 使用`clang`编译工具链
- `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE-Release` optimizes the runtime performance. - `armeabi-v7a`时,设置`USE_EIGEN_BLAS=ON`,使用Eigen进行矩阵计算;`arm64-v8a`时,设置`USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS=OFF`,使用OpenBLAS进行矩阵计算
Our own tip for performance optimization to use clang and Eigen or OpenBLAS: ### 编译和安装
- `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release`
- `ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang`
- `USE_EIGEN_BLAS=ON` for `armeabi-v7a`, or `USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS=OFF` for `arm64-v8a`.
### Build and Install CMake配置完成后,执行以下命令,PaddlePaddle将自动下载和编译所有第三方依赖库、编译和安装PaddlePaddle预测库。
After running `cmake`, we can run `make; make install` to build and install. ```bash
make
Before building, you might want to remove the `third_party` and `build` directories including pre-built libraries for other architectures. make install
```
After building,in the directory `CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`, you will find three sub-directories: 注意:如果你曾经在源码目录下编译过其他平台的PaddlePaddle库,请先使用`rm -rf`命令删除`third_party`目录和`build`目录,以确保所有的第三方依赖库和PaddlePaddle代码都是针对新的CMake配置重新编译的。
- `include`: the header file of the inference library, 执行完安装命令后,`your/path/to/install`目录中会包含`include``lib``third_party`目录,其中`include`中包含C-API的头文件,`lib`中包含若干个不同Android ABI的PaddlePaddle库,`third_party`中包含所依赖的所有第三方库。自此,PaddlePaddle的已经安装完成,用户可将`your/path/to/install`目录下的生成文件用于深度学习相关Android App中,调用方法见C-API文档。
- `lib`: the inference library built for various Android ABIs,
- `third_party`: dependent third-party libraries built for Android.
MOBILE
======
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
cross_compiling_for_android_cn.md
cross_compiling_for_ios_cn.md
cross_compiling_for_raspberry_cn.md
MOBILE
======
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
cross_compiling_for_android_en.md
cross_compiling_for_raspberry_en.md
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