parallel_executor.cc

/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License. */

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h"
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph_helper.h"

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h"

#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/nccl_helper.h"
#endif

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/multi_devices_helper.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/reference_count_pass_helper.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/scope_buffered_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/profiler.h"

namespace paddle {
namespace framework {

class ParallelExecutorPrivate {
 public:
  explicit ParallelExecutorPrivate(const std::vector<platform::Place> &places)
      : places_(places) {}

  ~ParallelExecutorPrivate() {
    if (own_local_scope_) {
      for (size_t i = 1; i < local_scopes_.size(); ++i) {
        // Skip the first scope, since it is the global scope.
        Scope *local_scope = local_scopes_[i];
        if (global_scope_->HasKid(local_scope)) {
          global_scope_->DeleteScope(local_scope);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  void ResetRuntimeReferenceCount() {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < rt_ref_cnts_.size(); ++i) {
      for (auto &pair : rt_ref_cnts_[i]) {
        rt_cur_ref_cnts_[i][pair.first] = pair.second;
      }
    }
  }

  std::vector<platform::Place> places_;
  std::vector<Scope *> local_scopes_;
  Scope *global_scope_;  // not owned
  std::unique_ptr<details::SSAGraphExecutor> executor_;

#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
  std::unique_ptr<platform::NCCLContextMap> nccl_ctxs_;
#endif
  bool own_local_scope_;
  bool use_cuda_;
  bool use_all_reduce_;

  // rt_ref_cnts_ is only initialized when ParallelExecutor constructs, and then
  // keeps unchanged
  // Before each iteration, rt_cur_ref_cnts_ is reset to ref_cnts_
  std::vector<details::ReferenceCountMap> rt_ref_cnts_;
  std::vector<details::AtomicReferenceCountMap> rt_cur_ref_cnts_;
  details::GarbageCollectorList gcs_;
};

std::vector<Scope *> &ParallelExecutor::GetLocalScopes() {
  return member_->local_scopes_;
}

ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &params,
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &bcast_vars,
    const ProgramDesc &main_program, const std::string &loss_var_name,
    Scope *scope, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
    const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy, const BuildStrategy &build_strategy,
    size_t num_trainers, size_t trainer_id)
    : member_(new ParallelExecutorPrivate(places)) {
  member_->global_scope_ = scope;
  member_->use_cuda_ = exec_strategy.use_cuda_;
  member_->use_all_reduce_ =
      build_strategy.reduce_ == BuildStrategy::ReduceStrategy::kAllReduce;

  if (!member_->use_all_reduce_) {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(places.size() > 1,
                   "If you set build_strategy.reduce with 'Reduce',"
                   "the number of places must be greater than 1.");
  }

  // Step 1. Bcast the params to devs.
  // Create local scopes
  if (local_scopes.empty()) {
    member_->own_local_scope_ = true;
    member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(member_->global_scope_);
    for (size_t i = 1; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
      member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(&scope->NewScope());
    }
  } else {
    member_->own_local_scope_ = false;
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->places_.size(), local_scopes.size());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
      member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(&local_scopes[i]->NewScope());
    }
  }

  if (member_->use_cuda_) {
// Bcast Parameters to all GPUs
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
    auto *nccl_id_var = scope->FindVar(NCCL_ID_VARNAME);
    ncclUniqueId *nccl_id = nullptr;
    if (nccl_id_var != nullptr) {
      nccl_id = nccl_id_var->GetMutable<ncclUniqueId>();
    }
    member_->nccl_ctxs_.reset(new platform::NCCLContextMap(
        member_->places_, nccl_id, num_trainers, trainer_id));
#else
    PADDLE_THROW("Not compiled with CUDA");
#endif
  }

  if (member_->local_scopes_.size() != 1 && local_scopes.empty()) {
    BCastParamsToDevices(bcast_vars);
  }
// Startup Program has been run. All local scopes has correct parameters.

// Step 2. Convert main_program to SSA form and dependency graph. Also, insert
// ncclOp
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph = build_strategy.Apply(
      main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name, params,
      member_->local_scopes_, member_->use_cuda_, member_->nccl_ctxs_.get());
#else
  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph =
      build_strategy.Apply(main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name,
                           params, member_->local_scopes_, member_->use_cuda_);
#endif

  auto max_memory_size = GetEagerDeletionThreshold();
  if (max_memory_size >= 0) {
    size_t place_num = member_->places_.size();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < place_num; ++i) {
      auto &place = member_->places_[i];
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
      if (platform::is_gpu_place(place)) {
        member_->gcs_.emplace_back(new StreamGarbageCollector<Tensor>(
            boost::get<platform::CUDAPlace>(place), max_memory_size));
        VLOG(10) << "Created " << i << "-th GarbageCollector at " << place;
      } else if (platform::is_cpu_place(place)) {
#endif
        member_->gcs_.emplace_back(new CPUGarbageCollector<Tensor>(
            boost::get<platform::CPUPlace>(place), max_memory_size));
        VLOG(10) << "Created " << i << "-th GarbageCollector at " << place;
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
      }
#endif
    }
  }

  if (!member_->gcs_.empty()) {
    std::vector<details::LastLiveOpsOfVars> last_live_ops_of_vars;

    auto ref_cnt_pass =
        ir::PassRegistry::Instance().Get("reference_count_pass");
    ref_cnt_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kGlobalReferenceCount,
                              &(member_->rt_ref_cnts_));
    ref_cnt_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kLastLiveOpsOfVars,
                              &last_live_ops_of_vars);
    VLOG(10) << "ReferenceCountPass Applied";
    graph = ref_cnt_pass->Apply(std::move(graph));

    auto eager_deletion_pass =
        ir::PassRegistry::Instance().Get("eager_deletion_pass");
    eager_deletion_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kCurReferenceCount,
                                     &(member_->rt_cur_ref_cnts_));
    eager_deletion_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kGarbageCollector,
                                     &(member_->gcs_));
    eager_deletion_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kLastLiveOpsOfVars,
                                     &last_live_ops_of_vars);
    graph = eager_deletion_pass->Apply(std::move(graph));
    VLOG(10) << "EagerDeletionPass Applied";
  }

  // Step 3. Create vars in each scope. Passes may also create new vars.
  //         skip control vars and empty vars
  std::vector<details::VariableInfo> var_infos;
  for (auto &node : graph->Nodes()) {
    if (node->IsVar() && !node->IsCtrlVar() && node->Var()) {
      var_infos.emplace_back();
      var_infos.back().name_ = node->Var()->Name();
      var_infos.back().type_ = node->Var()->GetType();
      var_infos.back().persistable_ = node->Var()->Persistable();
    }
  }
  // If the loss_var_name is given, the number of graph should be only one.
  if (loss_var_name.size()) {
    size_t graph_num = ir::GraphNum(*graph);
    if (graph_num > 1) {
      LOG(WARNING)
          << "The number of graph should be only one, "
             "but the current graph has "
          << ir::GraphNum(*graph)
          << " sub_graphs. If you want to see the nodes of the "
             "sub_graphs, you should use 'FLAGS_print_sub_graph_dir' "
             "to specify the output dir. NOTES: if you not do training, "
             "please don't pass loss_var_name.";
    }
  }

  if (exec_strategy.type_ == ExecutionStrategy::kDefault) {
    member_->executor_.reset(new details::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, places, std::move(graph)));
  } else {
    member_->executor_.reset(new details::FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, places, std::move(graph)));
  }

  member_->executor_.reset(new details::ScopeBufferedSSAGraphExecutor(
      exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, std::move(var_infos),
      member_->places_, std::move(member_->executor_)));
}

void ParallelExecutor::BCastParamsToDevices(
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &vars) const {
  // the initializing bcast, all vars would be bcast from device(0).
  for (auto &var : vars) {
    framework::Variable *main_var = member_->local_scopes_[0]->FindVar(var);
    if (main_var == nullptr || !main_var->IsType<LoDTensor>()) {
      continue;
    }

    auto &main_tensor = main_var->Get<LoDTensor>();
    if (!main_tensor.IsInitialized()) {
      VLOG(3) << "one in var not inited, return!";
      continue;
    }
    auto &dims = main_tensor.dims();
    if (paddle::platform::is_gpu_place(main_tensor.place())) {
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
      std::vector<void *> buffers;
      size_t numel = main_tensor.numel();
      ncclDataType_t data_type = platform::ToNCCLDataType(main_tensor.type());
      for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
        auto place = member_->places_[i];
        void *buffer;

        if (i == 0) {
          buffer = const_cast<void *>(main_tensor.data<void>());
        } else {
          auto local_scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
          auto *t = local_scope->Var(var)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
          t->Resize(dims);
          buffer = t->mutable_data(place, main_tensor.type());
        }
        buffers.push_back(buffer);
      }

      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->places_.size(), buffers.size(),
                        "variables' buffer size to bcast NOT equal to places");
      {
        platform::NCCLGroupGuard guard;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
          auto &nccl_ctx = member_->nccl_ctxs_->at(member_->places_[i]);
          platform::dynload::ncclBcast(buffers[i], numel, data_type, 0,
                                       nccl_ctx.comm_, nccl_ctx.stream());
        }
        member_->nccl_ctxs_->WaitAll();
      }
#else
      PADDLE_THROW("Not compiled with CUDA");
#endif
    } else {
      platform::CPUPlace cpu;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
        if (i == 0) continue;

        auto local_scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
        auto *t = local_scope->Var(var)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();

        // FIXME(zcd): LR_DECAY_COUNTER should not be shared. This is a hot fix.
        if (member_->use_all_reduce_ || member_->use_cuda_ ||
            var == "@LR_DECAY_COUNTER@") {
          t->Resize(dims);
          t->mutable_data(cpu, main_tensor.type());
          paddle::framework::TensorCopy(main_tensor, cpu, t);
        } else {
          t->ShareDataWith(main_tensor);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

void ParallelExecutor::Run(const std::vector<std::string> &fetch_tensors,
                           const std::string &fetched_var_name) {
  platform::RecordBlock b(0);
  if (!member_->gcs_.empty()) {
    member_->ResetRuntimeReferenceCount();
    size_t n = member_->rt_ref_cnts_.size();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      for (auto &fetch_name : fetch_tensors) {
        member_->rt_cur_ref_cnts_[i].erase(fetch_name);
      }
      member_->rt_cur_ref_cnts_[i].erase(fetched_var_name);
    }
  }
  auto fetch_data = member_->executor_->Run(fetch_tensors);
  *member_->global_scope_->Var(fetched_var_name)->GetMutable<FeedFetchList>() =
      fetch_data;
}

void ParallelExecutor::FeedTensorsIntoLocalScopes(
    const std::vector<std::unordered_map<std::string, LoDTensor>> &tensors) {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->local_scopes_.size(), tensors.size());

  for (size_t i = 0; i < tensors.size(); ++i) {
    auto &map = tensors[i];
    auto *scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
    for (auto &pair : map) {
      auto *trg = scope->Var(pair.first)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
      trg->ShareDataWith(pair.second);
      trg->set_lod(pair.second.lod());
    }
  }
}

void ParallelExecutor::FeedAndSplitTensorIntoLocalScopes(
    const std::unordered_map<std::string, LoDTensor> &tensors) {
  for (auto pair : tensors) {
    auto lod_tensors = pair.second.SplitLoDTensor(member_->places_);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
        member_->places_.size(), lod_tensors.size(),
        "The number of samples of current batch is less than the count of "
        "devices, currently, it is not allowed. (%d vs %d)",
        member_->places_.size(), lod_tensors.size());
    for (size_t j = 0; j < member_->places_.size(); ++j) {
      // TODO(panxy0718): Do I need to delete this var?
      auto t =
          member_->local_scopes_[j]->Var(pair.first)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
      t->ShareDataWith(lod_tensors[j]);
      t->set_lod(lod_tensors[j].lod());
    }
  }
}

ParallelExecutor::~ParallelExecutor() {
  for (auto &p : member_->places_) {
    platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(p)->Wait();
  }
  delete member_;
}

}  // namespace framework
}  // namespace paddle

USE_PASS(reference_count_pass);
USE_PASS(eager_deletion_pass);