Fixes #1268

This does the necessary work to emit end columns on AST analyses. SC2086
is made to emit a correct end column as an illustrative example.

For example:
```
$ shellcheck -s bash -f json /dev/stdin <<< 'echo $1'
[{"file":"/dev/stdin","line":1,"endLine":1,"column":6,"endColumn":8,"level":"info","code":2086,"message":"Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting."}]
```

This change deprecates the parser's getNextId and getNextIdAt, replacing
it with a new withNextId function. This function has the type signature:

withNextId :: Monad m => ParsecT s UserState (SCBase m) (Id -> b) -> ParsecT s UserState (SCBase m) b

Specifically, it should be used to wrap read* functions and will pass in
a newly generated Id which should be used to represent that node.
Sub-parsers will need their own call to withNextId in order to get a
unique Id.

In doing this, withNextId can now track both the entry and exit position
of every read* parser which uses it, enabling the tracking of end
columns throughout the application.

Fixes #1181