Python3基础Demo

86357d36 · 唐僧打怪兽 · 97e3a944 · 86357d36 · 86357d36 · 86357d36
38 changed file
--- a/Class.py
+++ b/Class.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+class Student(object):
+    pass
+
+bart = Student()
+print(bart)
+
+bart.name='张三'
+print(bart.name)
+
+class Student(object):
+	"""docstring for Student"""
+	def __init__(self, name,score):
+		super(Student, self).__init__()
+		self.name=name
+		self.score=score
+
+	def get_grade(self):
+		if self.score >= 90:
+			return 'A'
+		elif self.score >= 60:
+			return 'B'
+		else:
+			return 'C'
+
+
+bart = Student('李王',88)
+print(bart.name)
+print(bart.get_grade())
+		
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/ClassAccess.py
+++ b/ClassAccess.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#实例的变量名如果以__开头，就变成了一个私有变量（private），只有内部可以访问，外部不能访问
+#变量名类似__xxx__的，也就是以双下划线开头，并且以双下划线结尾的，是特殊变量，特殊变量是可以直接访问的，不是private变量
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, score):
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__score = score
+
+    def print_score(self):
+        print('%s: %s' % (self.__name, self.__score))
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        return self.__name
+
+    def get_score(self):
+        return self.__score
+    def set_score(self, score):
+    	if 0 <= score <= 100:
+            self.__score = score
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('bad score')
+
+bart = Student('黎明',98)
+print(bart.print_score())
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/ClassRelations.py
+++ b/ClassRelations.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 获取对象信息
+
+#type()判断对象类型
+print(type(123))
+
+#判断函数 使用types模块中定义的常量
+import types
+def fn():
+	pass
+
+b = type(fn) == types.FunctionType
+print(b)
+
+#对于class的继承关系来说，使用type()就很不方便。我们要判断class的类型，可以使用isinstance()函数。
+import Extends
+a = Extends.Animal()
+d = Extends.Dog()
+c = Extends.Cat()
+print(isinstance(a,Extends.Animal))
+print(isinstance(d,Extends.Dog))
+print(isinstance(c,Extends.Cat))
+
+#dir()获取对象所有方法属性
+print(dir(a))
+
+#仅仅把属性和方法列出来是不够的，配合getattr()、setattr()以及hasattr()，我们可以直接操作一个对象的状态
+class MyObject(object):
+	"""docstring for MyObject"""
+	def __init__(self, arg):
+		super(MyObject, self).__init__()
+		self.arg = arg
+	def power(self):
+		return self.arg * self.arg
+
+obj = MyObject('aa')
+b = hasattr(obj,'arg') #判断是否有属性 'arg'?
+print(b)
+
+setattr(obj,'arg',12)
+
+print(getattr(obj,'arg'))
--- a/Extends.py
+++ b/Extends.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 继承和多态
+
+class Animal(object):
+	"""docstring for Animal"""
+	def run(self):
+		print('Animal is running')
+
+class Dog(Animal):
+	def run(self):
+		print('Dog is running...')
+
+	def eat(self):
+		print('Dog eating meat...')
+
+class Cat(Animal):
+	pass
+
+
+dog = Dog()
+dog.run()
+
+cat = Cat()
+cat.run()
+
+dog.eat()
+		
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/Slice.py
+++ b/Slice.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+# Python提供了切片（Slice）操作符
+L = ['Michael', 'Sarah', 'Tracy', 'Bob', 'Jack']
+print(L[0:3])
+print(L[-2:])
--- a/__pycache__/string.cpython-34.pyc
+++ b/__pycache__/string.cpython-34.pyc
--- a/anonymous_function.py
+++ b/anonymous_function.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#关键字lambda表示匿名函数，冒号前面的x表示函数参数
+anonymous = list(map(lambda x: x * x, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]))
+print(anonymous)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/basic.py
+++ b/basic.py
+a = 100
+if a > 0:
+	print(a)
+else:
+	print(-a)
+
+#Python允许用'''...'''的格式表示多行内容
+print('''line1
+line2
+line3''')
+
+#变量
+a = '我是变量'
+print(a)
+
--- a/calc.py
+++ b/calc.py
+print(100 + 200 + 300)
+#多个字符串是空格
+print('多个字符串拼接','第二个字符串','第三个字符串')
+print('100 + 200','=',100 + 200)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/debug1.py
+++ b/debug1.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 调试
+
+
+s = '0'
+n = int(s)
+print 10 / n
+
+#启动Python的调试器pdb
+#python -m pdb debug1.py
+
+
+
+
+#如果要比较爽地设置断点、单步执行，就需要一个支持调试功能的IDE。目前比较好的Python IDE有PyCharm：
+#http://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/
+#另外，Eclipse加上pydev插件也可以调试Python程序。
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/decorator.py
+++ b/decorator.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 装饰器
+
+def now():
+	print('2015-1-1')
+
+f = now
+print(f())
+print(f.__name__)
+
+#假设我们要增强now()函数的功能，比如，在函数调用前后自动打印日志，但又不希望修改now()函数的定义，这种在代码运行期间动态增加功能的方式，称之为“装饰器”（Decorator）
+
+
+def log(func):
+    def wrapper(*args, **kw):
+        print('call %s():' % func.__name__)
+        return func(*args, **kw)
+    return wrapper
+
+@log
+def now():
+    print('2015-1-1')
+
+print(now())
+
+
+
+def log(text):
+    def decorator(func):
+        def wrapper(*args, **kw):
+            print('%s %s():' % (text, func.__name__))
+            return func(*args, **kw)
+        return wrapper
+    return decorator
+
+@log('execute')
+def now():
+    print('2015-1-1')
+
+print(now())
+
+import functools
+
+def log(func):
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kw):
+        print('call %s():' % func.__name__)
+        return func(*args, **kw)
+    return wrapper
+
+print(log(now))
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/ditc_set.py
+++ b/ditc_set.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#dict
+d={'Michale':95,'Tom':80,'Lee':99}
+print(d)
+print('Tom:',d['Tom'])
+
+#key不存在情况
+print('Tom' in d)
+print('key not exist:',d.get('None'))
+print('key not exist,print default val:',d.get('None',100))
+
+#set
+s = set([1,2,3])
+print('set is:',s)
+s.add(4)
+print('set add element:',s)
+s.remove(4)
+print('set remove element:',s)
--- a/enum1.py
+++ b/enum1.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 枚举
+
+from enum import Enum
+Month = Enum('Month', ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'))
+print(Month.Jan)
+
+
+#如果需要更精确地控制枚举类型，可以从Enum派生出自定义类：
+from enum import Enum,unique
+
+@unique
+class Weekday(Enum):
+	Sun = 0
+	Mon = 1
+
+
+print(Weekday.Sun)
+print(Weekday.Sun.value)
+		
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/exception1.py
+++ b/exception1.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 错误处理
+
+try:
+	print('try...')
+	r = 10/0
+	print('result:',r)
+except ZeroDivisionError as e:
+	print('exception:',e)
+finally:
+	print('finally')
+print('END')
+
+
+#如果没有错误发生，可以在except语句块后面加一个else，当没有错误发生时，会自动执行else语句
+try:
+    print('try...')
+    r = 10 / int('2')
+    print('result:', r)
+except ValueError as e:
+    print('ValueError:', e)
+except ZeroDivisionError as e:
+    print('ZeroDivisionError:', e)
+else:
+    print('no error!')
+finally:
+    print('finally...')
+print('END')
+
+
+#记录错误
+
+import logging
+
+def foo(s):
+    return 10 / int(s)
+
+def bar(s):
+    return foo(s) * 2
+
+def main():
+    try:
+        bar('0')
+    except Exception as e:
+        logging.exception(e)
+
+main()
+print('END')
+
+#抛出错误
+class FooError(ValueError):
+    pass
+
+def foo(s):
+    n = int(s)
+    if n==0:
+        raise FooError('invalid value: %s' % s)
+    return 10 / n
+
+foo('0')
+
+#raise语句如果不带参数，就会把当前错误原样抛出。此外，在except中raise一个Error，还可以把一种类型的错误转化成另一种类型
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/filter.py
+++ b/filter.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+def is_odd(n):
+	return n % 2 == 1
+
+filter1 = filter(is_odd,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10])
+print(list(filter1))
+
+def not_empty(s):
+	return s and s.strip()
+
+filter2 = filter(not_empty,['A','','B','C','D','','','X','1'])
+print(list(filter2))
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/for.py
+++ b/for.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+
+
+# for x in xx 表示循环
+names=['张胜男','李强','Machial','李章','Tom']
+for name in names:
+	print(name)
+
+#0-100的整数序列
+r = range(101)
+lr = list(r)
+sum = 0
+for ll in lr:
+	sum += ll
+print(sum)
+
+#while
+n = 200
+sum1 = 0
+while n > 100:
+	sum1 += n
+	n = n-1
+print(sum1)
+
+
--- a/fun.py
+++ b/fun.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+
+print('abs:',abs(-100))
+print('max:',max(1,2,5,7,12,8))
+
+print(int('123'))
+print(int(12.34))
+print(float('12.34'))
+print(str(1.23))
+print(str(100))
+print(bool(1))
+print(bool(''))
+
+a = abs
+print(a(-1))
+
+#自定义函数
+
+def my_abs(x):
+	if not isinstance(x,(int,float)):
+		raise TypeError('bad operand type')
+	if x>0:
+		return x
+	else:
+		return -x
+
+print('user define function my_abs:',my_abs(-12))
+#print('user define function my_abs raise TypeError:',my_abs('a'))
+
+
+#返回多个值
+print('====返回多个值例子====')
+import math
+def move(x,y,step,angle = 0):
+	nx = x + step * math.cos(angle)
+	ny = y + step * math.sin(angle)
+	return nx,ny
+print('表达式x, y = move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6)返回多个值','=',move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6))
+r = move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6)
+print('返回单一值:', r)
+
+#
+#*args是可变参数，args接收的是一个tuple；
+#**kw是关键字参数，kw接收的是一个dict。
+#
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/generator.py
+++ b/generator.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+L = [x * x for x in range(10)]
+print(L)
+
+#只要把一个列表生成式的[]改成()，就创建了一个generator
+g = (x * x for x in range(10))
+for n in g:
+	print(n)
+
+#一个函数定义中包含yield关键字，那么这个函数就不再是一个普通函数，而是一个generator
+def fib(max):
+    n, a, b = 0, 0, 1
+    while n < max:
+        yield b
+        a, b = b, a + b
+        n = n + 1
+    return 'done'
+
+f = fib(10)
+for n in f:
+	print(n)
--- a/hello.py
+++ b/hello.py
+print('hello world ')
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/if.py
+++ b/if.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+
+age = 20
+print('your age is',age)
+if age >= 6:
+	print('teenager')
+elif age > 18:
+	print('adult')
+else:
+	print('kid')
+
+s = input('input your age:')
+birth = int(s)
+if birth < 2000:
+	print('00前')
+else:
+	print('00后')
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/input.py
+++ b/input.py
+name = input('please enter your name:')
+print('user input:', name)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/io_json.py
+++ b/io_json.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# IO
+
+import os,json
+
+f = open('D:/python/demo/basic.py','r',encoding='utf-8')
+# r 只读
+c = f.read()
+print(c)
+
+for line in f.readlines():
+    print(line.strip()) # 把末尾的'\n'删掉
+
+
+# w 写
+# f.write()
+# f.close()
+
+
+print('os name %s' % os.name) #nt:windows
+
+print('os enveronment %s' % os.environ)
+
+
+#JSON
+d = dict(name='Bob', age=20, score=88)
+print(json.dumps(d))
+
+json_str = '{"age": 20, "score": 88, "name": "Bob"}'
+print(json.loads(json_str))
+#{'age': 20, 'score': 88, 'name': 'Bob'}
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/iterator.py
+++ b/iterator.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#list iterator
+d = ['1',2,'a','b']
+for key in d:
+	print(key)
+
+
+#dict
+d1 = {'a':1,'b':2,'c':3}
+#dict key
+for key in d1:
+	print(key)
+
+#dict values
+for val in d1.values():
+	print(val)
+
+#dict items
+for k,v in d1.items():
+	print('k is %s,v is %s' % (k,v))
--- a/list.py
+++ b/list.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+
+#list
+classmates=['张三','李四','王五']
+print(classmates)
+print('classmates len:%d' % len(classmates))
+
+#往list中追加元素到末尾
+classmates.append('赵六')
+print(classmates)
+
+#往list中插入元素
+classmates.insert(1,'大拿')
+print(classmates)
+
+#删除list末尾的元素
+classmates.pop();
+print(classmates)
+classmates.pop(1)
+print(classmates)
+
+
+#list里面的元素的数据类型也可以不同
+L=['a',1,True]
+print(L)
+LS=['list中套list',L,1]
+print(LS)
+
+#有序列表叫元组：tuple。tuple和list非常类似，但是tuple一旦初始化就不能修改
+classmates1 = ('Michale','Tom','Lee')
+print(classmates1)
+
+#注意：tuple所谓的“不变”是说，tuple的每个元素，指向永远不变。即指向'a'，就不能改成指向'b'，指向一个list，就不能改成指向其他对象，但指向的这个list本身是可变的！
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/listcomp.py
+++ b/listcomp.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+lr = list(range(1,11))
+print(lr)
+
+lr1 = [x * x for x in range(1,20) if x % 2 == 0]
+print(lr1)
+
+lr3 = [m + n for m in 'ABC' for n in 'XYZ']
+print(lr3)
+
+#列出目录文件名
+print('列出目录文件名')
+import os # 导入os模块
+lr4 = [x for x in os.listdir('.')] # os.listdir可以列出文件和目录
+print(lr4)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/map.py
+++ b/map.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+# map()函数接收两个参数，一个是函数，一个是Iterable，map将传入的函数依次作用到序列的每个元素，并把结果作为新的Iterator返回。
+
+
+def f(x):
+	return x * x;
+
+r = map(f, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+print(list(r))
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/metaclass.py
+++ b/metaclass.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 使用元类
+
+class Hello(object):
+    def hello(self, name='world'):
+        print('Hello, %s.' % name)
+
+h = Hello()
+print(h.hello())
+
+print(type(Hello))
+print(type(h))
+
+#type()函数可以查看一个类型或变量的类型，Hello是一个class，它的类型就是type，而h是一个实例，它的类型就是class Hello。
+
+#我们说class的定义是运行时动态创建的，而创建class的方法就是使用type()函数。
+
+#type()函数既可以返回一个对象的类型，又可以创建出新的类型，比如，我们可以通过type()函数创建出Hello类，而无需通过class Hello(object)...的定义：
+
+def fn(self,name='world'): #先定义函数
+	print('Hello,%s' % name)
+
+
+Hello = type('Hello',(object,),dict(hello=fn)) #创建Hello类
+h = Hello()
+print(h.hello())
+
+print(type(Hello))
+print(type(h))
+
+#要创建一个class对象，type()函数依次传入3个参数：
+	# class的名称；
+    # 继承的父类集合，注意Python支持多重继承，如果只有一个父类，别忘了tuple的单元素写法；
+    # class的方法名称与函数绑定，这里我们把函数fn绑定到方法名hello上。
+
+
+#通过type()函数创建的类和直接写class是完全一样的，因为Python解释器遇到class定义时，仅仅是扫描一下class定义的语法，然后调用type()函数创建出class。
+#正常情况下，我们都用class Xxx...来定义类，但是，type()函数也允许我们动态创建出类来，也就是说，动态语言本身支持运行期动态创建类，这和静态语言有非常大的不同
--- a/modules.py
+++ b/modules.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+# 模块的文档注释，任何模块代码的第一个字符串都被视为模块的文档注释 
+' a test module '
+
+__author__ = 'Michael' #使用__author__变量把作者写进去
+
+
+import sys
+def test():
+	args = sys.argv
+	if len(args) == 1:
+		print('Hello world!')
+	elif len(args) == 2:
+		print('Hello %s!' % args[1])
+	else:
+		print('Too many args !')
+
+#当我们在命令行运行hello模块文件时，Python解释器把一个特殊变量__name__置为__main__，而如果在其他地方导入该hello模块时，if判断将失败，因此，这种if测试可以让一个模块通过命令行运行时执行一些额外的代码，最常见的就是运行测试。
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+	test()
+
+
+#作用域
+
+#类似_xxx和__xxx这样的函数或变量就是非公开的（private），不应该被直接引用
+
+def _priviate_1(name):
+	print('Hello,%s' % name)
+
+def _private_2(name):
+	return 'Hi,%s' % name
+
+def greeting(name):
+	if len(name) > 3:
+		return _priviate_1(name)
+	else:
+		return _private_2(name)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/multiExtends.py
+++ b/multiExtends.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+class Animal(object):
+    pass
+
+# 大类:
+class Mammal(Animal):
+    pass
+
+class Bird(Animal):
+    pass
+
+# 各种动物:
+class Dog(Mammal):
+    pass
+
+class Bat(Mammal):
+    pass
+
+class Parrot(Bird):
+    pass
+
+class Ostrich(Bird):
+    pass
+
+class Runnable(object):
+    def run(self):
+        print('Running...')
+
+class Flyable(object):
+    def fly(self):
+        print('Flying...')
+
+class Dog(Mammal, Runnable):
+    pass
+
+#MixIn的目的就是给一个类增加多个功能，这样，在设计类的时候，我们优先考虑通过多重继承来组合多个MixIn的功能，而不是设计多层次的复杂的继承关系。
--- a/mysql1.py
+++ b/mysql1.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# mysql数据库操作
+
+import mysql.connector
+conn = mysql.connector.connect(host='192.168.2.182',port=33066,user='root', password='123456', database='test')
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+cursor.execute('select * from user where id = %s', ['1'])
+values = cursor.fetchall()
+print(values)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/oop.py
+++ b/oop.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#OOP面向对象编程
+
+std1 = { 'name': 'Michael', 'score': 98 }
+std2 = { 'name': 'Bob', 'score': 81 }
+
+def print_score(std):
+    print('%s: %s' % (std['name'], std['score']))
+
+print(print_score(std1))
+print(print_score(std2))
+
+class Student(object):
+	"""docstring for Student"""
+	def __init__(self, name,score):
+		self.name = name
+		self.score = score
+
+	def print_score(self):
+		print('%s:%s'% (self.name,self.score))
+
+bart = Student('李唐',100)
+lisa = Student('小明',87)
+bart.print_score()
+lisa.print_score()
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/oop_extends.py
+++ b/oop_extends.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+# 面向对象（高级）
+
+class Student(object):
+	pass
+
+std = Student()
+std.name="张三"
+print(std.name)
+
+#实例绑定一个方法
+def set_age(self,age):
+	self.age = age
+
+from types import MethodType
+std.set_age = MethodType(set_age,std)
+std.set_age(25)
+print(std.age)
+
+#给一个实例绑定的方法，对另一个实例是不起作用的
+#为了给所有实例都绑定方法，可以给class绑定方法
+def set_socre(self,score):
+	self.score = score
+
+Student.set_socre = MethodType(set_socre,Student)
+
+std.set_socre(99)
+print(std.score)
+
+std1 = Student()
+std1.set_socre(88)
+print(std1.score)
+
+#Python允许在定义class的时候，定义一个特殊的__slots__变量，来限制该class实例能添加的属性
+
+class Student(object):
+	__slots__ = ('name','age')
+
+s = Student()
+s.name = '李理理'
+print(s.name)
+
+#使用__slots__要注意，__slots__定义的属性仅对当前类实例起作用，对继承的子类是不起作用的
+class GraduateStudent(Student):
+	pass
+
+g = GraduateStudent();
+g.score = 110
+print(g.score)
--- a/pip.py
+++ b/pip.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#安装第三方模块，使用pip命令
+
+
+#示例：图片裁剪 Pillow
+#安装 pip install Pillow
+#生成缩略图
+from PIL import Image
+im = Image.open('D:\\test.png')
+print(im.format,im.size,im.mode)
+im.thumbnail((200,100))
+im.save('thumb.jpg','JPEG')
--- a/property1
+++ b/property1
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#Python内置的@property装饰器就是负责把一个方法变成属性调用的
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/property1.py
+++ b/property1.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+#Python内置的@property装饰器就是负责把一个方法变成属性调用的
+class Student(object):
+	@property
+	def score(self):
+	    return self._score
+	
+	@score.setter
+	def score(self,value):
+		if not isinstance(value,int):
+			raise ValueError('score must be an integer!')
+		if value < 0 or value > 100:
+			raise ValueError('score must between 0 - 100!')
+		self._score = value
+
+#@property的实现比较复杂，我们先考察如何使用。把一个getter方法变成属性，只需要加上@property就可以了，此时，@property本身又创建了另一个装饰器@score.setter，负责把一个setter方法变成属性赋值
+
+s = Student()
+s.score = 60
+print(s.score)
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    @property
+    def birth(self):
+        return self._birth
+
+    @birth.setter
+    def birth(self, value):
+        self._birth = value
+
+    @property
+    def age(self):
+        return 2015 - self._birth
+
+s = Student()
+s.birth = 2000
+#s.age = 20
+print(s.age)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/return_function.py
+++ b/return_function.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+def lazy_sum(*args):
+    def sum():
+        ax = 0
+        for n in args:
+            ax = ax + n
+        return ax
+    return sum
+
+f = lazy_sum(1,3,5,7,9)
+print(f)
+print(f())
--- a/sorted.py
+++ b/sorted.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+# github:https://github.com/tangthis
+
+sorder = sorted([20,1,9,-12,100,10])
+print(sorder)
+
+#key函数来实现自定义的排序
+sorderByKey = sorted([20,1,9,2,-12,299],key=abs)
+print(sorderByKey)
+
+#字符串排序
+sortStr = sorted(['bob', 'about', 'Zoo', 'Credit'], key=str.lower)
+print(sortStr)
+
+#逆向排序
+sortStrReverse = sorted(['bob', 'about', 'Zoo', 'Credit'], key=str.lower,reverse=True)
+print(sortStrReverse)
\ No newline at end of file
--- a/string.py
+++ b/string.py
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+
+#第一行注释是为了告诉Linux/OS X系统，这是一个Python可执行程序，Windows系统会忽略这个注释；
+#第二行注释是为了告诉Python解释器，按照UTF-8编码读取源代码，否则，你在源代码中写的中文输出可能会有乱码。
+
+print('包含中文字符str')
+
+#获取字符整数表示
+ord('A')
+ord('中')
+
+#chr()把编码转成对应字符
+chr(66)
+chr(25991)
+
+#如果要在网络上传输，或者保存到磁盘上，就需要把str变为以字节为单位的bytes。
+#bytes类型的数据用带b前缀的单引号或双引号表示
+x = b'ABC'
+
+#以Unicode表示的str通过encode()方法可以编码为指定的bytes
+'ABC'.encode('ascii')
+'中文'.encode('utf-8')
+
+#要计算str包含多少个字符，可以用len()函数：
+len('中文')
+len('ABC')
+
+#格式化输出
+print('Hi,%s,you have $%d' % ('Michale',100000))
\ No newline at end of file