diff --git a/src/vs/platform/backup/electron-main/backupMainService.ts b/src/vs/platform/backup/electron-main/backupMainService.ts
index 3d9a23a7e4c7dd8684df6eb3f9b6531b96d45d60..4cad09fdeb841b44f4de18a12047b1461661f8be 100644
--- a/src/vs/platform/backup/electron-main/backupMainService.ts
+++ b/src/vs/platform/backup/electron-main/backupMainService.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
 import * as crypto from 'crypto';
+import * as platform from 'vs/base/common/platform';
 import * as extfs from 'vs/base/node/extfs';
 import Uri from 'vs/base/common/uri';
 import { IBackupWorkspacesFormat, IBackupMainService } from 'vs/platform/backup/common/backup';
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ export class BackupMainService implements IBackupMainService {
 	}
 
 	protected toBackupPath(workspacePath: string): string {
-		const workspaceHash = crypto.createHash('md5').update(workspacePath.toLowerCase()).digest('hex');
+		const caseAwarePath = platform.isWindows || platform.isMacintosh ? workspacePath.toLowerCase() : workspacePath;
+		const workspaceHash = crypto.createHash('md5').update(caseAwarePath).digest('hex');
 
 		return path.join(this.backupHome, workspaceHash);
 	}