diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
index b81e46b1629b2a0cfe12e40eac2426c33b33a4e1..703062c44fb9df33c7eefceefcf82b9598c71c59 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
@@ -2315,6 +2315,7 @@ pfm_smpl_buffer_alloc(struct task_struct *task, struct file *filp, pfm_context_t
 		DPRINT(("Cannot allocate vma\n"));
 		goto error_kmem;
 	}
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 
 	/*
 	 * partially initialize the vma for the sampling buffer
diff --git a/arch/ia64/mm/init.c b/arch/ia64/mm/init.c
index ca3335ea56ccf9dae52d19ddbe619315f1134225..ed41759efcac3b76e44d9a6b87c0c379448b4c5c 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/mm/init.c
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ ia64_init_addr_space (void)
 	 */
 	vma = kmem_cache_zalloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (vma) {
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 		vma->vm_mm = current->mm;
 		vma->vm_start = current->thread.rbs_bot & PAGE_MASK;
 		vma->vm_end = vma->vm_start + PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -135,6 +136,7 @@ ia64_init_addr_space (void)
 	if (!(current->personality & MMAP_PAGE_ZERO)) {
 		vma = kmem_cache_zalloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (vma) {
+			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 			vma->vm_mm = current->mm;
 			vma->vm_end = PAGE_SIZE;
 			vma->vm_page_prot = __pgprot(pgprot_val(PAGE_READONLY) | _PAGE_MA_NAT);
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index ea7861727efde4f547b0dcee691afcb5a1a07a3c..5910307355914495a6ef4f27e501d5905c0dae3d 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ static int __bprm_mm_init(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 	vma->vm_start = vma->vm_end - PAGE_SIZE;
 	vma->vm_flags = VM_STACK_FLAGS;
 	vma->vm_page_prot = vm_get_page_prot(vma->vm_flags);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 	err = insert_vm_struct(mm, vma);
 	if (err)
 		goto err;
@@ -516,7 +517,8 @@ static int shift_arg_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long shift)
 	/*
 	 * cover the whole range: [new_start, old_end)
 	 */
-	vma_adjust(vma, new_start, old_end, vma->vm_pgoff, NULL);
+	if (vma_adjust(vma, new_start, old_end, vma->vm_pgoff, NULL))
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	/*
 	 * move the page tables downwards, on failure we rely on
@@ -547,7 +549,7 @@ static int shift_arg_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long shift)
 	tlb_finish_mmu(tlb, new_end, old_end);
 
 	/*
-	 * shrink the vma to just the new range.
+	 * Shrink the vma to just the new range.  Always succeeds.
 	 */
 	vma_adjust(vma, new_start, new_end, vma->vm_pgoff, NULL);
 
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 8e580c07d1712b0deebd86a87d0a953eea7b8f0a..8e2841a2f441863105a693537704536a59ed41c1 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -97,7 +97,11 @@ extern unsigned int kobjsize(const void *objp);
 #define VM_NORESERVE	0x00200000	/* should the VM suppress accounting */
 #define VM_HUGETLB	0x00400000	/* Huge TLB Page VM */
 #define VM_NONLINEAR	0x00800000	/* Is non-linear (remap_file_pages) */
+#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
+#define VM_LOCK_RMAP	0x01000000	/* Do not follow this rmap (mmu mmap) */
+#else
 #define VM_MAPPED_COPY	0x01000000	/* T if mapped copy of data (nommu mmap) */
+#endif
 #define VM_INSERTPAGE	0x02000000	/* The vma has had "vm_insert_page()" done on it */
 #define VM_ALWAYSDUMP	0x04000000	/* Always include in core dumps */
 
@@ -1216,7 +1220,7 @@ static inline void vma_nonlinear_insert(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 /* mmap.c */
 extern int __vm_enough_memory(struct mm_struct *mm, long pages, int cap_sys_admin);
-extern void vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
+extern int vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 	unsigned long end, pgoff_t pgoff, struct vm_area_struct *insert);
 extern struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct mm_struct *,
 	struct vm_area_struct *prev, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
diff --git a/include/linux/mm_types.h b/include/linux/mm_types.h
index 19549d7275abb52c2f964c4b28707f5e93335ebc..048b46270aa5220c8c70b1cf2637b1c8402bed32 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm_types.h
@@ -163,7 +163,8 @@ struct vm_area_struct {
 	 * can only be in the i_mmap tree.  An anonymous MAP_PRIVATE, stack
 	 * or brk vma (with NULL file) can only be in an anon_vma list.
 	 */
-	struct list_head anon_vma_node;	/* Serialized by anon_vma->lock */
+	struct list_head anon_vma_chain; /* Serialized by mmap_sem &
+					  * page_table_lock */
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;	/* Serialized by page_table_lock */
 
 	/* Function pointers to deal with this struct. */
diff --git a/include/linux/rmap.h b/include/linux/rmap.h
index b019ae64e2ab1d356daf92aaa7e92547227246c7..62da2001d55ccda3ada1005510f645afa4d94770 100644
--- a/include/linux/rmap.h
+++ b/include/linux/rmap.h
@@ -37,7 +37,27 @@ struct anon_vma {
 	 * is serialized by a system wide lock only visible to
 	 * mm_take_all_locks() (mm_all_locks_mutex).
 	 */
-	struct list_head head;	/* List of private "related" vmas */
+	struct list_head head;	/* Chain of private "related" vmas */
+};
+
+/*
+ * The copy-on-write semantics of fork mean that an anon_vma
+ * can become associated with multiple processes. Furthermore,
+ * each child process will have its own anon_vma, where new
+ * pages for that process are instantiated.
+ *
+ * This structure allows us to find the anon_vmas associated
+ * with a VMA, or the VMAs associated with an anon_vma.
+ * The "same_vma" list contains the anon_vma_chains linking
+ * all the anon_vmas associated with this VMA.
+ * The "same_anon_vma" list contains the anon_vma_chains
+ * which link all the VMAs associated with this anon_vma.
+ */
+struct anon_vma_chain {
+	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
+	struct list_head same_vma;   /* locked by mmap_sem & page_table_lock */
+	struct list_head same_anon_vma;	/* locked by anon_vma->lock */
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
@@ -89,12 +109,19 @@ static inline void anon_vma_unlock(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
  */
 void anon_vma_init(void);	/* create anon_vma_cachep */
 int  anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *);
-void __anon_vma_merge(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
-void anon_vma_unlink(struct vm_area_struct *);
-void anon_vma_link(struct vm_area_struct *);
+void unlink_anon_vmas(struct vm_area_struct *);
+int anon_vma_clone(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
+int anon_vma_fork(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
 void __anon_vma_link(struct vm_area_struct *);
 void anon_vma_free(struct anon_vma *);
 
+static inline void anon_vma_merge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+				  struct vm_area_struct *next)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON(vma->anon_vma != next->anon_vma);
+	unlink_anon_vmas(next);
+}
+
 /*
  * rmap interfaces called when adding or removing pte of page
  */
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index 7616bcf107b96b97f7464a05986134e1c8b809b2..bab7b254ad397933e1bb25f77246ff57e8473a07 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -329,15 +329,17 @@ static int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
 		if (!tmp)
 			goto fail_nomem;
 		*tmp = *mpnt;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tmp->anon_vma_chain);
 		pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(mpnt));
 		retval = PTR_ERR(pol);
 		if (IS_ERR(pol))
 			goto fail_nomem_policy;
 		vma_set_policy(tmp, pol);
+		if (anon_vma_fork(tmp, mpnt))
+			goto fail_nomem_anon_vma_fork;
 		tmp->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED;
 		tmp->vm_mm = mm;
 		tmp->vm_next = NULL;
-		anon_vma_link(tmp);
 		file = tmp->vm_file;
 		if (file) {
 			struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
@@ -392,6 +394,8 @@ static int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
 	flush_tlb_mm(oldmm);
 	up_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
 	return retval;
+fail_nomem_anon_vma_fork:
+	mpol_put(pol);
 fail_nomem_policy:
 	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, tmp);
 fail_nomem:
diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index 56a0da1f9979d7eaa9d85cbc0b20ef76215e4abf..a93f1b7f508cde17cb0b41f7183641dcfdb7a26f 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -1563,10 +1563,12 @@ int page_referenced_ksm(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 again:
 	hlist_for_each_entry(rmap_item, hlist, &stable_node->hlist, hlist) {
 		struct anon_vma *anon_vma = rmap_item->anon_vma;
+		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 
 		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+		list_for_each_entry(vmac, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+			vma = vmac->vma;
 			if (rmap_item->address < vma->vm_start ||
 			    rmap_item->address >= vma->vm_end)
 				continue;
@@ -1614,10 +1616,12 @@ int try_to_unmap_ksm(struct page *page, enum ttu_flags flags)
 again:
 	hlist_for_each_entry(rmap_item, hlist, &stable_node->hlist, hlist) {
 		struct anon_vma *anon_vma = rmap_item->anon_vma;
+		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 
 		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+		list_for_each_entry(vmac, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+			vma = vmac->vma;
 			if (rmap_item->address < vma->vm_start ||
 			    rmap_item->address >= vma->vm_end)
 				continue;
@@ -1664,10 +1668,12 @@ int rmap_walk_ksm(struct page *page, int (*rmap_one)(struct page *,
 again:
 	hlist_for_each_entry(rmap_item, hlist, &stable_node->hlist, hlist) {
 		struct anon_vma *anon_vma = rmap_item->anon_vma;
+		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 
 		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+		list_for_each_entry(vmac, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+			vma = vmac->vma;
 			if (rmap_item->address < vma->vm_start ||
 			    rmap_item->address >= vma->vm_end)
 				continue;
diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
index 17299fd4577c6fc903b5fcb15e52f7fba4f2149d..d1f3351629766ffe112e3f904565ed3035412774 100644
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c
+++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -383,9 +383,12 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(struct page *page, struct list_head *to_kill,
 	if (av == NULL)	/* Not actually mapped anymore */
 		goto out;
 	for_each_process (tsk) {
+		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
+
 		if (!task_early_kill(tsk))
 			continue;
-		list_for_each_entry (vma, &av->head, anon_vma_node) {
+		list_for_each_entry(vmac, &av->head, same_anon_vma) {
+			vma = vmac->vma;
 			if (!page_mapped_in_vma(page, vma))
 				continue;
 			if (vma->vm_mm == tsk->mm)
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 77d9f840936b29304773932e76f3d1103eee01ac..dc785b438d70fba119cae99e828dbc21b09cb7a1 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		 * Hide vma from rmap and truncate_pagecache before freeing
 		 * pgtables
 		 */
-		anon_vma_unlink(vma);
+		unlink_anon_vmas(vma);
 		unlink_file_vma(vma);
 
 		if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)) {
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			       && !is_vm_hugetlb_page(next)) {
 				vma = next;
 				next = vma->vm_next;
-				anon_vma_unlink(vma);
+				unlink_anon_vmas(vma);
 				unlink_file_vma(vma);
 			}
 			free_pgd_range(tlb, addr, vma->vm_end,
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index 31656147128e6eb0b92edbcc4d6b535d6c0ceba9..6a0c15db7f60663168f29e7bfdbb5aa668ba642b 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -437,7 +437,6 @@ __vma_link(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 {
 	__vma_link_list(mm, vma, prev, rb_parent);
 	__vma_link_rb(mm, vma, rb_link, rb_parent);
-	__anon_vma_link(vma);
 }
 
 static void vma_link(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
@@ -499,7 +498,7 @@ __vma_unlink(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
  * are necessary.  The "insert" vma (if any) is to be inserted
  * before we drop the necessary locks.
  */
-void vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
+int vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 	unsigned long end, pgoff_t pgoff, struct vm_area_struct *insert)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
@@ -542,6 +541,28 @@ again:			remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * When changing only vma->vm_end, we don't really need anon_vma lock.
+	 */
+	if (vma->anon_vma && (insert || importer || start != vma->vm_start))
+		anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
+	if (anon_vma) {
+		/*
+		 * Easily overlooked: when mprotect shifts the boundary,
+		 * make sure the expanding vma has anon_vma set if the
+		 * shrinking vma had, to cover any anon pages imported.
+		 */
+		if (importer && !importer->anon_vma) {
+			/* Block reverse map lookups until things are set up. */
+			importer->vm_flags |= VM_LOCK_RMAP;
+			if (anon_vma_clone(importer, vma)) {
+				importer->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCK_RMAP;
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+			importer->anon_vma = anon_vma;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (file) {
 		mapping = file->f_mapping;
 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_NONLINEAR))
@@ -567,25 +588,6 @@ again:			remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
 		}
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * When changing only vma->vm_end, we don't really need
-	 * anon_vma lock.
-	 */
-	if (vma->anon_vma && (insert || importer || start != vma->vm_start))
-		anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
-	if (anon_vma) {
-		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		/*
-		 * Easily overlooked: when mprotect shifts the boundary,
-		 * make sure the expanding vma has anon_vma set if the
-		 * shrinking vma had, to cover any anon pages imported.
-		 */
-		if (importer && !importer->anon_vma) {
-			importer->anon_vma = anon_vma;
-			__anon_vma_link(importer);
-		}
-	}
-
 	if (root) {
 		flush_dcache_mmap_lock(mapping);
 		vma_prio_tree_remove(vma, root);
@@ -616,8 +618,11 @@ again:			remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
 		__vma_unlink(mm, next, vma);
 		if (file)
 			__remove_shared_vm_struct(next, file, mapping);
-		if (next->anon_vma)
-			__anon_vma_merge(vma, next);
+		/*
+		 * This VMA is now dead, no need for rmap to follow it.
+		 * Call anon_vma_merge below, outside of i_mmap_lock.
+		 */
+		next->vm_flags |= VM_LOCK_RMAP;
 	} else if (insert) {
 		/*
 		 * split_vma has split insert from vma, and needs
@@ -627,17 +632,25 @@ again:			remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
 		__insert_vm_struct(mm, insert);
 	}
 
-	if (anon_vma)
-		spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
 	if (mapping)
 		spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
 
+	/*
+	 * The current VMA has been set up. It is now safe for the
+	 * rmap code to get from the pages to the ptes.
+	 */
+	if (anon_vma && importer)
+		importer->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCK_RMAP;
+
 	if (remove_next) {
 		if (file) {
 			fput(file);
 			if (next->vm_flags & VM_EXECUTABLE)
 				removed_exe_file_vma(mm);
 		}
+		/* Protected by mmap_sem and VM_LOCK_RMAP. */
+		if (next->anon_vma)
+			anon_vma_merge(vma, next);
 		mm->map_count--;
 		mpol_put(vma_policy(next));
 		kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, next);
@@ -653,6 +666,8 @@ again:			remove_next = 1 + (end > next->vm_end);
 	}
 
 	validate_mm(mm);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -759,6 +774,7 @@ struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct mm_struct *mm,
 {
 	pgoff_t pglen = (end - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	struct vm_area_struct *area, *next;
+	int err;
 
 	/*
 	 * We later require that vma->vm_flags == vm_flags,
@@ -792,11 +808,13 @@ struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct mm_struct *mm,
 				is_mergeable_anon_vma(prev->anon_vma,
 						      next->anon_vma)) {
 							/* cases 1, 6 */
-			vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
+			err = vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
 				next->vm_end, prev->vm_pgoff, NULL);
 		} else					/* cases 2, 5, 7 */
-			vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
+			err = vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
 				end, prev->vm_pgoff, NULL);
+		if (err)
+			return NULL;
 		return prev;
 	}
 
@@ -808,11 +826,13 @@ struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct mm_struct *mm,
 			can_vma_merge_before(next, vm_flags,
 					anon_vma, file, pgoff+pglen)) {
 		if (prev && addr < prev->vm_end)	/* case 4 */
-			vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
+			err = vma_adjust(prev, prev->vm_start,
 				addr, prev->vm_pgoff, NULL);
 		else					/* cases 3, 8 */
-			vma_adjust(area, addr, next->vm_end,
+			err = vma_adjust(area, addr, next->vm_end,
 				next->vm_pgoff - pglen, NULL);
+		if (err)
+			return NULL;
 		return area;
 	}
 
@@ -1205,6 +1225,7 @@ unsigned long mmap_region(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
 	vma->vm_flags = vm_flags;
 	vma->vm_page_prot = vm_get_page_prot(vm_flags);
 	vma->vm_pgoff = pgoff;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 
 	if (file) {
 		error = -EINVAL;
@@ -1865,6 +1886,7 @@ static int __split_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, struct vm_area_struct * vma,
 {
 	struct mempolicy *pol;
 	struct vm_area_struct *new;
+	int err = -ENOMEM;
 
 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) && (addr &
 					~(huge_page_mask(hstate_vma(vma)))))
@@ -1872,11 +1894,13 @@ static int __split_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, struct vm_area_struct * vma,
 
 	new = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!new)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_err;
 
 	/* most fields are the same, copy all, and then fixup */
 	*new = *vma;
 
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new->anon_vma_chain);
+
 	if (new_below)
 		new->vm_end = addr;
 	else {
@@ -1886,11 +1910,14 @@ static int __split_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, struct vm_area_struct * vma,
 
 	pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(vma));
 	if (IS_ERR(pol)) {
-		kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, new);
-		return PTR_ERR(pol);
+		err = PTR_ERR(pol);
+		goto out_free_vma;
 	}
 	vma_set_policy(new, pol);
 
+	if (anon_vma_clone(new, vma))
+		goto out_free_mpol;
+
 	if (new->vm_file) {
 		get_file(new->vm_file);
 		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_EXECUTABLE)
@@ -1901,12 +1928,28 @@ static int __split_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, struct vm_area_struct * vma,
 		new->vm_ops->open(new);
 
 	if (new_below)
-		vma_adjust(vma, addr, vma->vm_end, vma->vm_pgoff +
+		err = vma_adjust(vma, addr, vma->vm_end, vma->vm_pgoff +
 			((addr - new->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT), new);
 	else
-		vma_adjust(vma, vma->vm_start, addr, vma->vm_pgoff, new);
+		err = vma_adjust(vma, vma->vm_start, addr, vma->vm_pgoff, new);
 
-	return 0;
+	/* Success. */
+	if (!err)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Clean everything up if vma_adjust failed. */
+	new->vm_ops->close(new);
+	if (new->vm_file) {
+		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_EXECUTABLE)
+			removed_exe_file_vma(mm);
+		fput(new->vm_file);
+	}
+ out_free_mpol:
+	mpol_put(pol);
+ out_free_vma:
+	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, new);
+ out_err:
+	return err;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2116,6 +2159,7 @@ unsigned long do_brk(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 	vma->vm_mm = mm;
 	vma->vm_start = addr;
 	vma->vm_end = addr + len;
@@ -2252,10 +2296,11 @@ struct vm_area_struct *copy_vma(struct vm_area_struct **vmap,
 		if (new_vma) {
 			*new_vma = *vma;
 			pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(vma));
-			if (IS_ERR(pol)) {
-				kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, new_vma);
-				return NULL;
-			}
+			if (IS_ERR(pol))
+				goto out_free_vma;
+			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_vma->anon_vma_chain);
+			if (anon_vma_clone(new_vma, vma))
+				goto out_free_mempol;
 			vma_set_policy(new_vma, pol);
 			new_vma->vm_start = addr;
 			new_vma->vm_end = addr + len;
@@ -2271,6 +2316,12 @@ struct vm_area_struct *copy_vma(struct vm_area_struct **vmap,
 		}
 	}
 	return new_vma;
+
+ out_free_mempol:
+	mpol_put(pol);
+ out_free_vma:
+	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, new_vma);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2348,6 +2399,7 @@ int install_special_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
 	if (unlikely(vma == NULL))
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 	vma->vm_mm = mm;
 	vma->vm_start = addr;
 	vma->vm_end = addr + len;
@@ -2448,6 +2500,7 @@ static void vm_lock_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm, struct address_space *mapping)
 int mm_take_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 	int ret = -EINTR;
 
 	BUG_ON(down_read_trylock(&mm->mmap_sem));
@@ -2465,7 +2518,8 @@ int mm_take_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm)
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			goto out_unlock;
 		if (vma->anon_vma)
-			vm_lock_anon_vma(mm, vma->anon_vma);
+			list_for_each_entry(avc, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma)
+				vm_lock_anon_vma(mm, avc->anon_vma);
 	}
 
 	ret = 0;
@@ -2520,13 +2574,15 @@ static void vm_unlock_mapping(struct address_space *mapping)
 void mm_drop_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 
 	BUG_ON(down_read_trylock(&mm->mmap_sem));
 	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mm_all_locks_mutex));
 
 	for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
 		if (vma->anon_vma)
-			vm_unlock_anon_vma(vma->anon_vma);
+			list_for_each_entry(avc, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma)
+				vm_unlock_anon_vma(avc->anon_vma);
 		if (vma->vm_file && vma->vm_file->f_mapping)
 			vm_unlock_mapping(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
 	}
diff --git a/mm/mremap.c b/mm/mremap.c
index 4c4c803453f38a837da0e1fb3cb0e9a51d693027..e9c75efce60938a82821d24dedf0702ea5d0a50b 100644
--- a/mm/mremap.c
+++ b/mm/mremap.c
@@ -460,8 +460,11 @@ unsigned long do_mremap(unsigned long addr,
 		if (vma_expandable(vma, new_len - old_len)) {
 			int pages = (new_len - old_len) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 
-			vma_adjust(vma, vma->vm_start,
-				addr + new_len, vma->vm_pgoff, NULL);
+			if (vma_adjust(vma, vma->vm_start, addr + new_len,
+				       vma->vm_pgoff, NULL)) {
+				ret = -ENOMEM;
+				goto out;
+			}
 
 			mm->total_vm += pages;
 			vm_stat_account(mm, vma->vm_flags, vma->vm_file, pages);
diff --git a/mm/nommu.c b/mm/nommu.c
index 48a2ecfaf05947230d32db3f54c49a3b0ba58b1d..55727a74af98ff5266f899cf4793fc58e0f9f916 100644
--- a/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ unsigned long do_mmap_pgoff(struct file *file,
 	region->vm_flags = vm_flags;
 	region->vm_pgoff = pgoff;
 
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_node);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
 	vma->vm_flags = vm_flags;
 	vma->vm_pgoff = pgoff;
 
diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
index 5cb47111f79e1e25fe539d3ceca3482e5bc6887f..be34094e459565f6570ae0eb1ef46d8ec4909786 100644
--- a/mm/rmap.c
+++ b/mm/rmap.c
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
 #include "internal.h"
 
 static struct kmem_cache *anon_vma_cachep;
+static struct kmem_cache *anon_vma_chain_cachep;
 
 static inline struct anon_vma *anon_vma_alloc(void)
 {
@@ -73,6 +74,16 @@ void anon_vma_free(struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
 	kmem_cache_free(anon_vma_cachep, anon_vma);
 }
 
+static inline struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain_alloc(void)
+{
+	return kmem_cache_alloc(anon_vma_chain_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+}
+
+void anon_vma_chain_free(struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain)
+{
+	kmem_cache_free(anon_vma_chain_cachep, anon_vma_chain);
+}
+
 /**
  * anon_vma_prepare - attach an anon_vma to a memory region
  * @vma: the memory region in question
@@ -103,18 +114,23 @@ void anon_vma_free(struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
 int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 
 	might_sleep();
 	if (unlikely(!anon_vma)) {
 		struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 		struct anon_vma *allocated;
 
+		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
+		if (!avc)
+			goto out_enomem;
+
 		anon_vma = find_mergeable_anon_vma(vma);
 		allocated = NULL;
 		if (!anon_vma) {
 			anon_vma = anon_vma_alloc();
 			if (unlikely(!anon_vma))
-				return -ENOMEM;
+				goto out_enomem_free_avc;
 			allocated = anon_vma;
 		}
 		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
@@ -123,53 +139,113 @@ int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		spin_lock(&mm->page_table_lock);
 		if (likely(!vma->anon_vma)) {
 			vma->anon_vma = anon_vma;
-			list_add_tail(&vma->anon_vma_node, &anon_vma->head);
+			avc->anon_vma = anon_vma;
+			avc->vma = vma;
+			list_add(&avc->same_vma, &vma->anon_vma_chain);
+			list_add(&avc->same_anon_vma, &anon_vma->head);
 			allocated = NULL;
 		}
 		spin_unlock(&mm->page_table_lock);
 
 		spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		if (unlikely(allocated))
+		if (unlikely(allocated)) {
 			anon_vma_free(allocated);
+			anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
+		}
 	}
 	return 0;
+
+ out_enomem_free_avc:
+	anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
+ out_enomem:
+	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
-void __anon_vma_merge(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *next)
+static void anon_vma_chain_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+				struct anon_vma_chain *avc,
+				struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
 {
-	BUG_ON(vma->anon_vma != next->anon_vma);
-	list_del(&next->anon_vma_node);
+	avc->vma = vma;
+	avc->anon_vma = anon_vma;
+	list_add(&avc->same_vma, &vma->anon_vma_chain);
+
+	spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
+	list_add_tail(&avc->same_anon_vma, &anon_vma->head);
+	spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
 }
 
-void __anon_vma_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+/*
+ * Attach the anon_vmas from src to dst.
+ * Returns 0 on success, -ENOMEM on failure.
+ */
+int anon_vma_clone(struct vm_area_struct *dst, struct vm_area_struct *src)
 {
-	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc, *pavc;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(pavc, &src->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) {
+		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
+		if (!avc)
+			goto enomem_failure;
+		anon_vma_chain_link(dst, avc, pavc->anon_vma);
+	}
+	return 0;
 
-	if (anon_vma)
-		list_add_tail(&vma->anon_vma_node, &anon_vma->head);
+ enomem_failure:
+	unlink_anon_vmas(dst);
+	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
-void anon_vma_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+/*
+ * Attach vma to its own anon_vma, as well as to the anon_vmas that
+ * the corresponding VMA in the parent process is attached to.
+ * Returns 0 on success, non-zero on failure.
+ */
+int anon_vma_fork(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *pvma)
 {
-	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
+	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
 
-	if (anon_vma) {
-		spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-		list_add_tail(&vma->anon_vma_node, &anon_vma->head);
-		spin_unlock(&anon_vma->lock);
-	}
+	/* Don't bother if the parent process has no anon_vma here. */
+	if (!pvma->anon_vma)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * First, attach the new VMA to the parent VMA's anon_vmas,
+	 * so rmap can find non-COWed pages in child processes.
+	 */
+	if (anon_vma_clone(vma, pvma))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* Then add our own anon_vma. */
+	anon_vma = anon_vma_alloc();
+	if (!anon_vma)
+		goto out_error;
+	avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
+	if (!avc)
+		goto out_error_free_anon_vma;
+	anon_vma_chain_link(vma, avc, anon_vma);
+	/* Mark this anon_vma as the one where our new (COWed) pages go. */
+	vma->anon_vma = anon_vma;
+
+	return 0;
+
+ out_error_free_anon_vma:
+	anon_vma_free(anon_vma);
+ out_error:
+	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
-void anon_vma_unlink(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+static void anon_vma_unlink(struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain)
 {
-	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
+	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = anon_vma_chain->anon_vma;
 	int empty;
 
+	/* If anon_vma_fork fails, we can get an empty anon_vma_chain. */
 	if (!anon_vma)
 		return;
 
 	spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-	list_del(&vma->anon_vma_node);
+	list_del(&anon_vma_chain->same_anon_vma);
 
 	/* We must garbage collect the anon_vma if it's empty */
 	empty = list_empty(&anon_vma->head) && !ksm_refcount(anon_vma);
@@ -179,6 +255,18 @@ void anon_vma_unlink(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		anon_vma_free(anon_vma);
 }
 
+void unlink_anon_vmas(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc, *next;
+
+	/* Unlink each anon_vma chained to the VMA. */
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(avc, next, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) {
+		anon_vma_unlink(avc);
+		list_del(&avc->same_vma);
+		anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
+	}
+}
+
 static void anon_vma_ctor(void *data)
 {
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = data;
@@ -192,6 +280,7 @@ void __init anon_vma_init(void)
 {
 	anon_vma_cachep = kmem_cache_create("anon_vma", sizeof(struct anon_vma),
 			0, SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU|SLAB_PANIC, anon_vma_ctor);
+	anon_vma_chain_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(anon_vma_chain, SLAB_PANIC);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -240,6 +329,18 @@ vma_address(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		/* page should be within @vma mapping range */
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
+	if (unlikely(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCK_RMAP)) {
+		/*
+		 * This VMA is being unlinked or is not yet linked into the
+		 * VMA tree.  Do not try to follow this rmap.  This race
+		 * condition can result in page_referenced() ignoring a
+		 * reference or in try_to_unmap() failing to unmap a page.
+		 * The VMA cannot be freed under us because we hold the
+		 * anon_vma->lock, which the munmap code takes while
+		 * unlinking the anon_vmas from the VMA.
+		 */
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
 	return address;
 }
 
@@ -396,7 +497,7 @@ static int page_referenced_anon(struct page *page,
 {
 	unsigned int mapcount;
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
-	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 	int referenced = 0;
 
 	anon_vma = page_lock_anon_vma(page);
@@ -404,7 +505,8 @@ static int page_referenced_anon(struct page *page,
 		return referenced;
 
 	mapcount = page_mapcount(page);
-	list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+	list_for_each_entry(avc, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
 		unsigned long address = vma_address(page, vma);
 		if (address == -EFAULT)
 			continue;
@@ -1025,14 +1127,15 @@ static int try_to_unmap_cluster(unsigned long cursor, unsigned int *mapcount,
 static int try_to_unmap_anon(struct page *page, enum ttu_flags flags)
 {
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
-	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 	int ret = SWAP_AGAIN;
 
 	anon_vma = page_lock_anon_vma(page);
 	if (!anon_vma)
 		return ret;
 
-	list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+	list_for_each_entry(avc, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
 		unsigned long address = vma_address(page, vma);
 		if (address == -EFAULT)
 			continue;
@@ -1223,7 +1326,7 @@ static int rmap_walk_anon(struct page *page, int (*rmap_one)(struct page *,
 		struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long, void *), void *arg)
 {
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
-	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
+	struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
 	int ret = SWAP_AGAIN;
 
 	/*
@@ -1238,7 +1341,8 @@ static int rmap_walk_anon(struct page *page, int (*rmap_one)(struct page *,
 	if (!anon_vma)
 		return ret;
 	spin_lock(&anon_vma->lock);
-	list_for_each_entry(vma, &anon_vma->head, anon_vma_node) {
+	list_for_each_entry(avc, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
 		unsigned long address = vma_address(page, vma);
 		if (address == -EFAULT)
 			continue;