from queue import Queue import time import threading import requests from lxml import etree import random import re def get_headers(): uas = [ "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider-render/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)", "Baiduspider-image+(+http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.htm)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.81 YisouSpider/5.0 Safari/537.36", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot-Image/1.0; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)", "Sogou web spider/4.0(+http://www.sogou.com/docs/help/webmasters.htm#07)", "Sogou News Spider/4.0(+http://www.sogou.com/docs/help/webmasters.htm#07)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0);", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)", "Sosospider+(+http://help.soso.com/webspider.htm)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Yahoo! Slurp China; http://misc.yahoo.com.cn/help.html)" ] ua = random.choice(uas) headers = { "user-agent": ua } return headers def get_total_page(): res = requests.get( 'https://www.zhongjie.com/top/rank_all_1.html', headers=get_headers(), timeout=5) element = etree.HTML(res.text) last_page = element.xpath("//a[@class='weiye']/@href")[0] pattern = re.compile('(\d+)') page = pattern.search(last_page) return int(page.group(1)) # 生产者 def producer(): while True: # 取一个分类ID url = urls.get() urls.task_done() if url is None: break res = requests.get(url=url, headers=get_headers(), timeout=5) text = res.text element = etree.HTML(text) links = element.xpath('//a[@class="copyright_title"]/@href') for i in links: wait_list_urls.put("https://www.zhongjie.com" + i) # 消费者 def consumer(): while True: url = wait_list_urls.get() wait_list_urls.task_done() if url is None: break res = requests.get(url=url, headers=get_headers(), timeout=5) text = res.text element = etree.HTML(text) title = element.xpath('//div[@class="info-head-l"]/h1/text()') link = element.xpath('//div[@class="info-head-l"]/p[1]/a/text()') description = element.xpath('//div[@class="info-head-l"]/p[2]/text()') print(title, link, description) if __name__ == "__main__": # 初始化一个队列 urls = Queue(maxsize=0) last_page = get_total_page() for p in range(1, last_page + 1): urls.put(f"https://www.zhongjie.com/top/rank_all_{p}.html") wait_list_urls = Queue(maxsize=0) # 开启2个生产者线程 for p_in in range(1, 3): p = threading.Thread(target=producer) p.start() # 开启2个消费者线程 for p_in in range(1, 2): p = threading.Thread(target=consumer) p.start()