import requests from lxml import etree from fake_useragent import UserAgent import time import re import random USER_AGENTS = [ "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20", "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52", ] def save(long_str): try: with open(f"exhibition.csv", "a+", encoding="utf-8") as f: f.write(long_str) except Exception as e: print(e) def get_detail(url): try: headers = {"User-Agent": random.choice(USER_AGENTS)} res = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) text = res.text # 将 html 转换成 Element 对象 html = etree.HTML(text) # 详细地址 address_detail = html.xpath("//span[@class='fl mr10']/text()")[0] # 时间间隔 time_interval = html.xpath( "//div[@class='h25 line25 s6 f14 w100s mb10']/text()")[3].strip() # 票价 ticket_price = html.xpath("//b[@class='f40']/text()")[0] # 匹配得分 score_url = html.xpath("//div[@class='mt10']/img/@src")[0] score = re.search( r"//static.nyato.cn/expo-image/stars/star-(\d\.\d).png", score_url).group(1) # 其它信息 other = ",".join(html.xpath( "//span[@class='sf6 f18 fwb ml15']/text()")) return ticket_price, time_interval, address_detail, score, other except Exception as e: print("详情页BUG") print(url) time.sleep(4) get_detail(url) print(e) def run(url): try: headers = {"User-Agent": random.choice(USER_AGENTS)} res = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) text = res.text # 将 html 转换成 Element 对象 html = etree.HTML(text) # xpath 路径提取 @class 为选取 class 属性 lis = html.xpath("//ul[@class='w980 pt20']/li") # 遍历 Elements 节点 for li in lis: href = li.xpath(".//a/@href")[0] title = li.xpath(".//a/@title")[0] city = li.xpath(".//span[@class='w120 fl']/text()")[0].strip() ticket_price, time_interval, address_detail, score, other = get_detail( href) long_str = f"{href},{title},{city},{ticket_price},{time_interval},{address_detail},{score},{other}\n" save(long_str) except Exception as e: print("列表页BUG") print(url) time.sleep(4) run(url) print(e) if __name__ == '__main__': urls = [] for i in range(1, 1313): urls.append(f"https://www.nyato.com/manzhan/?type=expired&p={i}") for url in urls: print(f"正在抓取{url}") run(url) print("全部爬取完毕")