diff --git a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/BodyOnSubscribe.java b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/BodyOnSubscribe.java
index e3bec847c4d273f4156b46ad9aab483ea76cddf2..1ae1499ebbab4653b2d2f9bde7ea55a8e0d55693 100644
--- a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/BodyOnSubscribe.java
+++ b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/BodyOnSubscribe.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import retrofit2.Response;
 import rx.Observable.OnSubscribe;
 import rx.Subscriber;
 import rx.exceptions.CompositeException;
+import rx.exceptions.Exceptions;
 import rx.plugins.RxJavaPlugins;
 
 final class BodyOnSubscribe<T> implements OnSubscribe<T> {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ final class BodyOnSubscribe<T> implements OnSubscribe<T> {
         try {
           subscriber.onError(t);
         } catch (Throwable inner) {
+          Exceptions.throwIfFatal(inner);
           CompositeException composite = new CompositeException(t, inner);
           RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getErrorHandler().handleError(composite);
         }
diff --git a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/CallOnSubscribe.java b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/CallOnSubscribe.java
index 980b9f9491880644137c02e8659dd753654213a9..a76a86a4fc81947a6120d3f1b94a8002cbde4ccf 100644
--- a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/CallOnSubscribe.java
+++ b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/CallOnSubscribe.java
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ final class CallOnSubscribe<T> implements OnSubscribe<Response<T>> {
           try {
             subscriber.onError(t);
           } catch (Throwable inner) {
+            Exceptions.throwIfFatal(inner);
             CompositeException composite = new CompositeException(t, inner);
             RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getErrorHandler().handleError(composite);
           }
diff --git a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/ResultOnSubscribe.java b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/ResultOnSubscribe.java
index ac6729a365e28b39d57db6158e9a90ee78a17984..798df5af83649c0074eef4c2b51c78bb5d5dd1ae 100644
--- a/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/ResultOnSubscribe.java
+++ b/retrofit-adapters/rxjava/src/main/java/retrofit2/adapter/rxjava/ResultOnSubscribe.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import retrofit2.Response;
 import rx.Observable.OnSubscribe;
 import rx.Subscriber;
 import rx.exceptions.CompositeException;
+import rx.exceptions.Exceptions;
 import rx.plugins.RxJavaPlugins;
 
 final class ResultOnSubscribe<T> implements OnSubscribe<Result<T>> {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ final class ResultOnSubscribe<T> implements OnSubscribe<Result<T>> {
         try {
           subscriber.onError(t);
         } catch (Throwable inner) {
+          Exceptions.throwIfFatal(inner);
           CompositeException composite = new CompositeException(t, inner);
           RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getErrorHandler().handleError(composite);
         }