index.md 19.7 KB
Newer Older
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515
---
title: 用 Docker 部署 TDengine
description: '本章主要介绍如何在容器中启动 TDengine 服务并访问它'
---

本章主要介绍如何在容器中启动 TDengine 服务并访问它。可以在 docker run 命令行中或者 docker-compose 文件中使用环境变量来控制容器中服务的行为。

## 启动 TDengine

TDengine 镜像启动时默认激活 HTTP 服务,使用下列命令

```shell
docker run -d --name tdengine -p 6041:6041 tdengine/tdengine
```

以上命令启动了一个名为“tdengine”的容器,并把其中的 HTTP 服务的端 6041 映射到了主机端口 6041。使用如下命令可以验证该容器中提供的 HTTP 服务是否可用:

```shell
curl -u root:taosdata -d "show databases" localhost:6041/rest/sql
```

使用如下命令可以在该容器中执行 TDengine 的客户端 taos 对 TDengine 进行访问:

```shell
$ docker exec -it tdengine taos

Welcome to the TDengine shell from Linux, Client Version:2.4.0.0
Copyright (c) 2020 by TAOS Data, Inc. All rights reserved.

taos> show databases;
              name              |      created_time       |   ntables   |   vgroups   | replica | quorum |  days  |           keep           |  cache(MB)  |   blocks    |   minrows   |   maxrows   | wallevel |    fsync    | comp | cachelast | precision | update |   status   |
====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 log                            | 2022-01-17 13:57:22.270 |          10 |           1 |       1 |      1 |     10 | 30                       |           1 |           3 |         100 |        4096 |        1 |        3000 |    2 |         0 | us        |      0 | ready      |
Query OK, 1 row(s) in set (0.002843s)
```

因为运行在容器中的 TDengine 服务端使用容器的 hostname 建立连接,使用 taos shell 或者各种连接器(例如 JDBC-JNI)从容器外访问容器内的 TDengine 比较复杂,所以上述方式是访问容器中 TDengine 服务的最简单的方法,适用于一些简单场景。如果在一些复杂场景下想要从容器化使用 taos shell 或者各种连接器访问容器中的 TDengine 服务,请参考下一节。

## 在 host 网络上启动 TDengine

```shell
docker run -d --name tdengine --network host tdengine/tdengine
```

上面的命令在 host 网络上启动 TDengine,并使用主机的 FQDN 建立连接而不是使用容器的 hostname 。这种方式和在主机上使用 `systemctl` 启动 TDengine 效果相同。在主机已安装 TDengine 客户端情况下,可以直接使用下面的命令访问它。

```shell
$ taos

Welcome to the TDengine shell from Linux, Client Version:2.4.0.0
Copyright (c) 2020 by TAOS Data, Inc. All rights reserved.

taos> show dnodes;
   id   |           end_point            | vnodes | cores  |   status   | role  |       create_time       |      offline reason      |
======================================================================================================================================
      1 | myhost:6030           |      1 |      8 | ready      | any   | 2022-01-17 22:10:32.619 |                          |
Query OK, 1 row(s) in set (0.003233s)
```

## 以指定的 hostname 和 port 启动 TDengine

利用 `TAOS_FQDN` 环境变量或者 `taos.cfg` 中的 `fqdn` 配置项可以使 TDengine 在指定的 hostname 上建立连接。这种方式可以为部署提供更大的灵活性。

```shell
docker run -d \
   --name tdengine \
   -e TAOS_FQDN=tdengine \
   -p 6030-6049:6030-6049 \
   -p 6030-6049:6030-6049/udp \
   tdengine/tdengine
```

上面的命令在容器中启动一个 TDengine 服务,其所监听的 hostname 为 tdengine ,并将容器的 6030 到 6049 端口段映射到主机的 6030 到 6049 端口段 (tcp 和 udp 都需要映射)。如果主机上该端口段已经被占用,可以修改上述命令指定一个主机上空闲的端口段。如果 `rpcForceTcp` 被设置为 `1` ,可以只映射 tcp 协议。

接下来,要确保 "tdengine" 这个 hostname 在 `/etc/hosts` 中可解析。

```shell
echo 127.0.0.1 tdengine |sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
```

最后,可以从 taos shell 或者任意连接器以 "tdengine" 为服务端地址访问 TDengine 服务。

```shell
taos -h tdengine -P 6030
```

如果 `TAOS_FQDN` 被设置为与所在主机名相同,则效果与 “在 host 网络上启动 TDengine” 相同。

## 在指定网络上启动 TDengine

也可以在指定的特定网络上启动 TDengine。下面是详细步骤:

1. 首先,创建一个 docker 网络,命名为 td-net

   ```shell
   docker network create td-net
   ```

2. 启动 TDengine

   以下命令在 td-net 网络上启动 TDengine 服务

   ```shell
   docker run -d --name tdengine --network td-net \
      -e TAOS_FQDN=tdengine \
      tdengine/tdengine
   ```

3. 在同一网络上的另一容器中启动 TDengine 客户端

   ```shell
   docker run --rm -it --network td-net -e TAOS_FIRST_EP=tdengine tdengine/tdengine taos
   # or
   #docker run --rm -it --network td-net -e tdengine/tdengine taos -h tdengine
   ```

## 在容器中启动客户端应用

如果想在容器中启动自己的应用的话,需要将相应的对 TDengine 的依赖也要加入到镜像中,例如:

```docker
FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y wget
ENV TDENGINE_VERSION=2.4.0.0
RUN wget -c https://www.taosdata.com/assets-download/TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && tar xvf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && cd TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION} \
   && ./install_client.sh \
   && cd ../ \
   && rm -rf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}
## add your application next, eg. go, build it in builder stage, copy the binary to the runtime
#COPY --from=builder /path/to/build/app /usr/bin/
#CMD ["app"]
```

以下是一个 go 应用程序的示例:

```go
/*
 * In this test program, we'll create a database and insert 4 records then select out.
 */
package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "flag"
    "fmt"
    "time"

    _ "github.com/taosdata/driver-go/v2/taosSql"
)

type config struct {
    hostName   string
    serverPort string
    user       string
    password   string
}

var configPara config
var taosDriverName = "taosSql"
var url string

func init() {
    flag.StringVar(&configPara.hostName, "h", "", "The host to connect to TDengine server.")
    flag.StringVar(&configPara.serverPort, "p", "", "The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection to TDengine server.")
    flag.StringVar(&configPara.user, "u", "root", "The TDengine user name to use when connecting to the server.")
    flag.StringVar(&configPara.password, "P", "taosdata", "The password to use when connecting to the server.")
    flag.Parse()
}

func printAllArgs() {
    fmt.Printf("============= args parse result: =============\n")
    fmt.Printf("hostName:             %v\n", configPara.hostName)
    fmt.Printf("serverPort:           %v\n", configPara.serverPort)
    fmt.Printf("usr:                  %v\n", configPara.user)
    fmt.Printf("password:             %v\n", configPara.password)
    fmt.Printf("================================================\n")
}

func main() {
    printAllArgs()

    url = "root:taosdata@/tcp(" + configPara.hostName + ":" + configPara.serverPort + ")/"

    taos, err := sql.Open(taosDriverName, url)
    checkErr(err, "open database error")
    defer taos.Close()

    taos.Exec("create database if not exists test")
    taos.Exec("use test")
    taos.Exec("create table if not exists tb1 (ts timestamp, a int)")
    _, err = taos.Exec("insert into tb1 values(now, 0)(now+1s,1)(now+2s,2)(now+3s,3)")
    checkErr(err, "failed to insert")
    rows, err := taos.Query("select * from tb1")
    checkErr(err, "failed to select")

    defer rows.Close()
    for rows.Next() {
        var r struct {
            ts time.Time
            a  int
        }
        err := rows.Scan(&r.ts, &r.a)
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("scan error:\n", err)
            return
        }
        fmt.Println(r.ts, r.a)
    }
}

func checkErr(err error, prompt string) {
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("ERROR: %s\n", prompt)
        panic(err)
    }
}
```

如下是完整版本的 dockerfile

```docker
FROM golang:1.17.6-buster as builder
ENV TDENGINE_VERSION=2.4.0.0
RUN wget -c https://www.taosdata.com/assets-download/TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && tar xvf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && cd TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION} \
   && ./install_client.sh \
   && cd ../ \
   && rm -rf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}
WORKDIR /usr/src/app/
ENV GOPROXY="https://goproxy.io,direct"
COPY ./main.go ./go.mod ./go.sum /usr/src/app/
RUN go env
RUN go mod tidy
RUN go build

FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y wget
ENV TDENGINE_VERSION=2.4.0.0
RUN wget -c https://www.taosdata.com/assets-download/TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && tar xvf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz \
   && cd TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION} \
   && ./install_client.sh \
   && cd ../ \
   && rm -rf TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}-Linux-x64.tar.gz TDengine-client-${TDENGINE_VERSION}

## add your application next, eg. go, build it in builder stage, copy the binary to the runtime
COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/app /usr/bin/
CMD ["app"]
```

目前我们已经有了 `main.go`, `go.mod`, `go.sum`, `app.dockerfile`, 现在可以构建出这个应用程序并在 `td-net` 网络上启动它

```shell
$ docker build -t app -f app.dockerfile
$ docker run --rm --network td-net app -h tdengine -p 6030
============= args parse result: =============
hostName:             tdengine
serverPort:           6030
usr:                  root
password:             taosdata
================================================
2022-01-17 15:56:55.48 +0000 UTC 0
2022-01-17 15:56:56.48 +0000 UTC 1
2022-01-17 15:56:57.48 +0000 UTC 2
2022-01-17 15:56:58.48 +0000 UTC 3
2022-01-17 15:58:01.842 +0000 UTC 0
2022-01-17 15:58:02.842 +0000 UTC 1
2022-01-17 15:58:03.842 +0000 UTC 2
2022-01-17 15:58:04.842 +0000 UTC 3
2022-01-18 01:43:48.029 +0000 UTC 0
2022-01-18 01:43:49.029 +0000 UTC 1
2022-01-18 01:43:50.029 +0000 UTC 2
2022-01-18 01:43:51.029 +0000 UTC 3
```

## 用 docker-compose 启动 TDengine 集群

1. 如下 docker-compose 文件启动一个 2 副本、2 管理节点、2 数据节点以及 1 个 arbitrator 的 TDengine 集群。

   ```docker
   version: "3"
   services:
     arbitrator:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       command: tarbitrator
     td-1:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       environment:
         TAOS_FQDN: "td-1"
         TAOS_FIRST_EP: "td-1"
         TAOS_NUM_OF_MNODES: "2"
         TAOS_REPLICA: "2"
         TAOS_ARBITRATOR: arbitrator:6042
       volumes:
         - taosdata-td1:/var/lib/taos/
         - taoslog-td1:/var/log/taos/
     td-2:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       environment:
         TAOS_FQDN: "td-2"
         TAOS_FIRST_EP: "td-1"
         TAOS_NUM_OF_MNODES: "2"
         TAOS_REPLICA: "2"
         TAOS_ARBITRATOR: arbitrator:6042
       volumes:
         - taosdata-td2:/var/lib/taos/
         - taoslog-td2:/var/log/taos/
   volumes:
     taosdata-td1:
     taoslog-td1:
     taosdata-td2:
     taoslog-td2:
   ```

:::note

- `VERSION` 环境变量被用来设置 tdengine image tag
- 在新创建的实例上必须设置 `TAOS_FIRST_EP` 以使其能够加入 TDengine 集群;如果有高可用需求,则需要同时使用 `TAOS_SECOND_EP`
- `TAOS_REPLICA` 用来设置缺省的数据库副本数量,其取值范围为[1,3]
  在双副本环境下,推荐使用 arbitrator, 用 TAOS_ARBITRATOR 来设置
  :::

2. 启动集群

   ```shell
   $ VERSION=2.4.0.0 docker-compose up -d
   Creating network "test_default" with the default driver
   Creating volume "test_taosdata-td1" with default driver
   Creating volume "test_taoslog-td1" with default driver
   Creating volume "test_taosdata-td2" with default driver
   Creating volume "test_taoslog-td2" with default driver
   Creating test_td-1_1       ... done
   Creating test_arbitrator_1 ... done
   Creating test_td-2_1       ... done
   ```

3. 查看节点状态

   ```shell
   $ docker-compose ps
         Name                     Command               State                                                                Ports
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   test_arbitrator_1   /usr/bin/entrypoint.sh tar ...   Up      6030/tcp, 6031/tcp, 6032/tcp, 6033/tcp, 6034/tcp, 6035/tcp, 6036/tcp, 6037/tcp, 6038/tcp, 6039/tcp, 6040/tcp, 6041/tcp, 6042/tcp
   test_td-1_1         /usr/bin/entrypoint.sh taosd     Up      6030/tcp, 6031/tcp, 6032/tcp, 6033/tcp, 6034/tcp, 6035/tcp, 6036/tcp, 6037/tcp, 6038/tcp, 6039/tcp, 6040/tcp, 6041/tcp, 6042/tcp
   test_td-2_1         /usr/bin/entrypoint.sh taosd     Up      6030/tcp, 6031/tcp, 6032/tcp, 6033/tcp, 6034/tcp, 6035/tcp, 6036/tcp, 6037/tcp, 6038/tcp, 6039/tcp, 6040/tcp, 6041/tcp, 6042/tcp
   ```

4. 用 taos shell 查看 dnodes

   ```shell
   $ docker-compose exec td-1 taos -s "show dnodes"

   Welcome to the TDengine shell from Linux, Client Version:2.4.0.0
   Copyright (c) 2020 by TAOS Data, Inc. All rights reserved.

   taos> show dnodes
      id   |           end_point            | vnodes | cores  |   status   | role  |       create_time       |      offline reason      |
   ======================================================================================================================================
         1 | td-1:6030                      |      1 |      8 | ready      | any   | 2022-01-18 02:47:42.871 |                          |
         2 | td-2:6030                      |      0 |      8 | ready      | any   | 2022-01-18 02:47:43.518 |                          |
         0 | arbitrator:6042                |      0 |      0 | ready      | arb   | 2022-01-18 02:47:43.633 | -                        |
   Query OK, 3 row(s) in set (0.000811s)
   ```

## taosAdapter

1. taosAdapter 在 TDengine 容器中默认是启动的。如果想要禁用它,在启动时指定环境变量 `TAOS_DISABLE_ADAPTER=true`

2. 同时为了部署灵活起见,可以在独立的容器中启动 taosAdapter

   ```docker
   services:
     # ...
     adapter:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       command: taosadapter
   ```

   如果要部署多个 taosAdapter 来提高吞吐量并提供高可用性,推荐配置方式为使用 nginx 等反向代理来提供统一的访问入口。具体配置方法请参考 nginx 的官方文档。如下是示例:

   ```docker
   version: "3"

   networks:
     inter:
     api:

   services:
     arbitrator:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       command: tarbitrator
       networks:
         - inter
     td-1:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       networks:
         - inter
       environment:
         TAOS_FQDN: "td-1"
         TAOS_FIRST_EP: "td-1"
         TAOS_NUM_OF_MNODES: "2"
         TAOS_REPLICA: "2"
         TAOS_ARBITRATOR: arbitrator:6042
       volumes:
         - taosdata-td1:/var/lib/taos/
         - taoslog-td1:/var/log/taos/
     td-2:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       networks:
         - inter
       environment:
         TAOS_FQDN: "td-2"
         TAOS_FIRST_EP: "td-1"
         TAOS_NUM_OF_MNODES: "2"
         TAOS_REPLICA: "2"
         TAOS_ARBITRATOR: arbitrator:6042
       volumes:
         - taosdata-td2:/var/lib/taos/
         - taoslog-td2:/var/log/taos/
     adapter:
       image: tdengine/tdengine:$VERSION
       command: taosadapter
       networks:
         - inter
       environment:
         TAOS_FIRST_EP: "td-1"
         TAOS_SECOND_EP: "td-2"
       deploy:
         replicas: 4
     nginx:
       image: nginx
       depends_on:
         - adapter
       networks:
         - inter
         - api
       ports:
         - 6041:6041
         - 6044:6044/udp
       command: [
           "sh",
           "-c",
           "while true;
           do curl -s http://adapter:6041/-/ping >/dev/null && break;
           done;
           printf 'server{listen 6041;location /{proxy_pass http://adapter:6041;}}'
           > /etc/nginx/conf.d/rest.conf;
           printf 'stream{server{listen 6044 udp;proxy_pass adapter:6044;}}'
           >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf;cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf;
           nginx -g 'daemon off;'",
         ]
   volumes:
     taosdata-td1:
     taoslog-td1:
     taosdata-td2:
     taoslog-td2:
   ```

## 使用 docker swarm 部署

如果要想将基于容器的 TDengine 集群部署在多台主机上,可以使用 docker swarm。首先要在这些主机上建立 docke swarm 集群,请参考 docker 官方文档。

docker-compose 文件可以参考上节。下面是使用 docker swarm 启动 TDengine 的命令:

```shell
$ VERSION=2.4.0 docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml taos
Creating network taos_inter
Creating network taos_api
Creating service taos_arbitrator
Creating service taos_td-1
Creating service taos_td-2
Creating service taos_adapter
Creating service taos_nginx
```

查看和管理

```shell
$ docker stack ps taos
ID                  NAME                IMAGE                     NODE                DESIRED STATE       CURRENT STATE                ERROR               PORTS
79ni8temw59n        taos_nginx.1        nginx:latest              TM1701     Running             Running about a minute ago
3e94u72msiyg        taos_adapter.1      tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1702     Running             Running 56 seconds ago
100amjkwzsc6        taos_td-2.1         tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1703     Running             Running about a minute ago
pkjehr2vvaaa        taos_td-1.1         tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1704     Running             Running 2 minutes ago
tpzvgpsr1qkt        taos_arbitrator.1   tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1705     Running             Running 2 minutes ago
rvss3g5yg6fa        taos_adapter.2      tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1706     Running             Running 56 seconds ago
i2augxamfllf        taos_adapter.3      tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1707     Running             Running 56 seconds ago
lmjyhzccpvpg        taos_adapter.4      tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0   TM1708     Running             Running 56 seconds ago
$ docker service ls
ID                  NAME                MODE                REPLICAS            IMAGE                     PORTS
561t4lu6nfw6        taos_adapter        replicated          4/4                 tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0
3hk5ct3q90sm        taos_arbitrator     replicated          1/1                 tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0
d8qr52envqzu        taos_nginx          replicated          1/1                 nginx:latest              *:6041->6041/tcp, *:6044->6044/udp
2isssfvjk747        taos_td-1           replicated          1/1                 tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0
9pzw7u02ichv        taos_td-2           replicated          1/1                 tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0
```

从上面的输出可以看到有两个 dnode, 和两个 taosAdapter,以及一个 nginx 反向代理服务。

接下来,我们可以减少 taosAdapter 服务的数量

```shell
$ docker service scale taos_adapter=1
taos_adapter scaled to 1
overall progress: 1 out of 1 tasks
1/1: running   [==================================================>]
verify: Service converged

$ docker service ls -f name=taos_adapter
ID                  NAME                MODE                REPLICAS            IMAGE                     PORTS
561t4lu6nfw6        taos_adapter        replicated          1/1                 tdengine/tdengine:2.4.0
```