diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterEngine_Internal.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterEngine_Internal.h
index 82d5fcc1d3a2eb6e2f34fe073ba1169340bee568..868d2176a309b1e4471c4342c7ce73744910ecf5 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterEngine_Internal.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterEngine_Internal.h
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@
 
 - (fml::WeakPtr<flutter::PlatformView>)platformView;
 
-- (flutter::PlatformViewIOS*)iosPlatformView;
-
 - (flutter::Rasterizer::Screenshot)screenshot:(flutter::Rasterizer::ScreenshotType)type
                                  base64Encode:(bool)base64Encode;
 
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.h
index 903b9c02ca9a642031b56b9f00a5224fc989a7f5..fac783f87f33fd41a8a50d9f4e8f974cb30bdff7 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.h
@@ -24,9 +24,8 @@
 
 - (instancetype)init NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
 - (instancetype)initWithContentsScale:(CGFloat)contentsScale;
-- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)
-    createSurfaceWithOnscreenGLContext:(fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)onscreenGLContext
-                     resourceGLContext:(fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)resourceGLContext;
+- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurface:
+    (std::shared_ptr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)gl_context;
 
 @end
 
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.mm
index 9cdf862c8c078c6cd41299b377f39ef4366ce852..414029023061d5642d3b2e30b6a6596a0fcace8b 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterOverlayView.mm
@@ -78,17 +78,15 @@
 #endif  // TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
 }
 
-- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)
-    createSurfaceWithOnscreenGLContext:(fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)onscreenGLContext
-                     resourceGLContext:(fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)resourceGLContext {
+- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurface:
+    (std::shared_ptr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)gl_context {
   if ([self.layer isKindOfClass:[CAEAGLLayer class]]) {
     fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> eagl_layer(
         reinterpret_cast<CAEAGLLayer*>([self.layer retain]));
     if (@available(iOS 9.0, *)) {
       eagl_layer.get().presentsWithTransaction = YES;
     }
-    return std::make_unique<flutter::IOSSurfaceGL>(std::move(eagl_layer), onscreenGLContext,
-                                                   resourceGLContext);
+    return std::make_unique<flutter::IOSSurfaceGL>(std::move(eagl_layer), gl_context);
 #if FLUTTER_SHELL_ENABLE_METAL
   } else if ([self.layer isKindOfClass:[CAMetalLayer class]]) {
     fml::scoped_nsobject<CAMetalLayer> metalLayer(
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews.mm
index 7cc3c44c04ff078d77a26a6c26da5ddf531c5311..00a7c9ecda5bd0e9207839a3e656c59969a28142 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews.mm
@@ -362,13 +362,12 @@ void FlutterPlatformViewsController::Reset() {
 }
 
 bool FlutterPlatformViewsController::SubmitFrame(GrContext* gr_context,
-                                                 fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                                                 fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context) {
+                                                 std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> gl_context) {
   DisposeViews();
 
   bool did_submit = true;
   for (int64_t view_id : composition_order_) {
-    EnsureOverlayInitialized(view_id, onscreen_gl_context, resource_gl_context, gr_context);
+    EnsureOverlayInitialized(view_id, std::move(gl_context), gr_context);
     auto frame = overlays_[view_id]->surface->AcquireFrame(frame_size_);
     SkCanvas* canvas = frame->SkiaCanvas();
     canvas->drawPicture(picture_recorders_[view_id]->finishRecordingAsPicture());
@@ -452,8 +451,7 @@ void FlutterPlatformViewsController::DisposeViews() {
 
 void FlutterPlatformViewsController::EnsureOverlayInitialized(
     int64_t overlay_id,
-    fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-    fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context,
+    std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> gl_context,
     GrContext* gr_context) {
   FML_DCHECK(flutter_view_);
 
@@ -469,9 +467,7 @@ void FlutterPlatformViewsController::EnsureOverlayInitialized(
     overlay_view.get().frame = flutter_view_.get().bounds;
     overlay_view.get().autoresizingMask =
         (UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight);
-    std::unique_ptr<IOSSurface> ios_surface = [overlay_view.get()
-        createSurfaceWithOnscreenGLContext:fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>()
-                         resourceGLContext:fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>()];
+    std::unique_ptr<IOSSurface> ios_surface = [overlay_view.get() createSurface:nil];
     std::unique_ptr<Surface> surface = ios_surface->CreateGPUSurface();
     overlays_[overlay_id] = std::make_unique<FlutterPlatformViewLayer>(
         std::move(overlay_view), std::move(ios_surface), std::move(surface));
@@ -496,8 +492,7 @@ void FlutterPlatformViewsController::EnsureOverlayInitialized(
   overlay_view.get().autoresizingMask =
       (UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight);
   std::unique_ptr<IOSSurface> ios_surface =
-      [overlay_view.get() createSurfaceWithOnscreenGLContext:std::move(onscreen_gl_context)
-                                           resourceGLContext:std::move(resource_gl_context)];
+      [overlay_view.get() createSurface:std::move(gl_context)];
   std::unique_ptr<Surface> surface = ios_surface->CreateGPUSurface(gr_context);
   overlays_[overlay_id] = std::make_unique<FlutterPlatformViewLayer>(
       std::move(overlay_view), std::move(ios_surface), std::move(surface));
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews_Internal.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews_Internal.h
index 181723fd80286b7572042d4f6b303957a8a22a52..f9f0eefece60170038573fccc7179710d48f5e12 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews_Internal.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterPlatformViews_Internal.h
@@ -100,9 +100,7 @@ class FlutterPlatformViewsController {
   // Discards all platform views instances and auxiliary resources.
   void Reset();
 
-  bool SubmitFrame(GrContext* gr_context,
-                   fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                   fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context);
+  bool SubmitFrame(GrContext* gr_context, std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> gl_context);
 
   void OnMethodCall(FlutterMethodCall* call, FlutterResult& result);
 
@@ -164,8 +162,7 @@ class FlutterPlatformViewsController {
   // Dispose the views in `views_to_dispose_`.
   void DisposeViews();
   void EnsureOverlayInitialized(int64_t overlay_id,
-                                fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                                fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context,
+                                std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> gl_context,
                                 GrContext* gr_context);
 
   // This will return true after pre-roll if any of the embedded views
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.h
index ad75d817f6800b493e46a52521b410593ff7c741..0da2d5b0bc71d405ae54a20f435dd295769ae409 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 
 - (instancetype)initWithDelegate:(id<FlutterViewEngineDelegate>)delegate
                           opaque:(BOOL)opaque NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
-- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurfaceWithResourceGLContext:
-    (fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)resourceGLContext;
+- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurface:
+    (std::shared_ptr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)context;
 
 @end
 
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.mm
index 8891648da52f4480ea8503cc0d8ef308b6c1db02..4e4acdfc0438f71a57305969e6ce81ddc6136001 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterView.mm
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "flutter/shell/common/platform_view.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/common/rasterizer.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterViewController_Internal.h"
-#include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_software.h"
 #include "third_party/skia/include/utils/mac/SkCGUtils.h"
@@ -22,10 +21,9 @@
 #include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_metal.h"
 #endif  //  FLUTTER_SHELL_ENABLE_METAL
 
-@implementation FlutterView {
-  id<FlutterViewEngineDelegate> _delegate;
-  std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSGLContext> _onscreenGLContext;
-}
+@implementation FlutterView
+
+id<FlutterViewEngineDelegate> _delegate;
 
 - (instancetype)init {
   @throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"FlutterView must initWithDelegate"
@@ -95,14 +93,8 @@
 #endif  // TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
 }
 
-- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurfaceWithResourceGLContext:
-    (fml::WeakPtr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)resourceGLContext {
-#if !TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
-  if (!_onscreenGLContext) {
-    _onscreenGLContext = resourceGLContext->MakeSharedContext();
-  }
-#endif  // !TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
-
+- (std::unique_ptr<flutter::IOSSurface>)createSurface:
+    (std::shared_ptr<flutter::IOSGLContext>)context {
   if ([self.layer isKindOfClass:[CAEAGLLayer class]]) {
     fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> eagl_layer(
         reinterpret_cast<CAEAGLLayer*>([self.layer retain]));
@@ -113,9 +105,8 @@
         eagl_layer.get().presentsWithTransaction = YES;
       }
     }
-    return std::make_unique<flutter::IOSSurfaceGL>(
-        _onscreenGLContext->GetWeakPtr(), std::move(resourceGLContext), std::move(eagl_layer),
-        [_delegate platformViewsController]);
+    return std::make_unique<flutter::IOSSurfaceGL>(context, std::move(eagl_layer),
+                                                   [_delegate platformViewsController]);
 #if FLUTTER_SHELL_ENABLE_METAL
   } else if ([self.layer isKindOfClass:[CAMetalLayer class]]) {
     fml::scoped_nsobject<CAMetalLayer> metalLayer(
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterViewController.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterViewController.mm
index 05eac19d4a83b27fa6a84b8d26641a71825d8d61..3cea602f86bad56da90f60f34333269f36dc15e2 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterViewController.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/framework/Source/FlutterViewController.mm
@@ -1152,8 +1152,4 @@ constexpr CGFloat kStandardStatusBarHeight = 20.0;
   return [_engine.get() valuePublishedByPlugin:pluginKey];
 }
 
-- (BOOL)hasOnscreenSurface {
-  return [_engine.get() iosPlatformView] -> HasOnscreenSurface();
-}
-
 @end
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h
index 1f1bebcfb85a3335e4921304f9c0586598b9d837..232645d9c85921009e804628a9f2179dc0333819 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h
@@ -13,32 +13,30 @@
 #include "flutter/fml/macros.h"
 #include "flutter/fml/platform/darwin/scoped_nsobject.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/common/platform_view.h"
+#include "ios_gl_render_target.h"
 
 namespace flutter {
 
 class IOSGLContext {
  public:
   IOSGLContext();
-  IOSGLContext(EAGLSharegroup* sharegroup);
 
   ~IOSGLContext();
 
+  std::unique_ptr<IOSGLRenderTarget> CreateRenderTarget(
+      fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer);
+
   bool MakeCurrent();
 
-  bool BindRenderbufferStorage(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer);
+  bool ResourceMakeCurrent();
 
   sk_sp<SkColorSpace> ColorSpace() const { return color_space_; }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<IOSGLContext> MakeSharedContext();
-
-  fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> GetWeakPtr();
-
  private:
   fml::scoped_nsobject<EAGLContext> context_;
+  fml::scoped_nsobject<EAGLContext> resource_context_;
   sk_sp<SkColorSpace> color_space_;
 
-  std::unique_ptr<fml::WeakPtrFactory<IOSGLContext>> weak_factory_;
-
   FML_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(IOSGLContext);
 };
 
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.mm
index 8398ce0a5efd69c08ac01b6b2011c2ee6f0a02b9..52fb85f8f19a9a0d284f4fd7cffb0dd705272d05 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.mm
@@ -12,16 +12,15 @@
 
 namespace flutter {
 
-IOSGLContext::IOSGLContext() : IOSGLContext(nullptr) {}
-
-IOSGLContext::IOSGLContext(EAGLSharegroup* sharegroup)
-    : weak_factory_(std::make_unique<fml::WeakPtrFactory<IOSGLContext>>(this)) {
-  context_.reset([[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES3
-                                       sharegroup:sharegroup]);
-
-  if (!context_) {
+IOSGLContext::IOSGLContext() {
+  resource_context_.reset([[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES3]);
+  if (resource_context_ != nullptr) {
+    context_.reset([[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES3
+                                         sharegroup:resource_context_.get().sharegroup]);
+  } else {
+    resource_context_.reset([[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2]);
     context_.reset([[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2
-                                         sharegroup:sharegroup]);
+                                         sharegroup:resource_context_.get().sharegroup]);
   }
 
   // TODO:
@@ -45,22 +44,20 @@ IOSGLContext::IOSGLContext(EAGLSharegroup* sharegroup)
   }
 }
 
-fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> IOSGLContext::GetWeakPtr() {
-  return weak_factory_->GetWeakPtr();
-}
+IOSGLContext::~IOSGLContext() = default;
 
-bool IOSGLContext::BindRenderbufferStorage(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer) {
-  return [context_.get() renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:layer.get()];
+std::unique_ptr<IOSGLRenderTarget> IOSGLContext::CreateRenderTarget(
+    fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer) {
+  return std::make_unique<IOSGLRenderTarget>(std::move(layer), context_.get(),
+                                             resource_context_.get());
 }
 
-IOSGLContext::~IOSGLContext() = default;
-
 bool IOSGLContext::MakeCurrent() {
   return [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context_.get()];
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<IOSGLContext> IOSGLContext::MakeSharedContext() {
-  return std::make_unique<IOSGLContext>(context_.get().sharegroup);
+bool IOSGLContext::ResourceMakeCurrent() {
+  return [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:resource_context_.get()];
 }
 
 }  // namespace flutter
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.h
index b26713e8ea707dc2e37415371aae22cf256b3a92..b2eafe16e0950d051ee72ccd0aa28dc5059847f3 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.h
@@ -13,15 +13,14 @@
 #include "flutter/fml/macros.h"
 #include "flutter/fml/platform/darwin/scoped_nsobject.h"
 #include "flutter/shell/common/platform_view.h"
-#include "flutter/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_context.h"
 
 namespace flutter {
 
 class IOSGLRenderTarget {
  public:
   IOSGLRenderTarget(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
-                    fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_context,
-                    fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_context);
+                    EAGLContext* context,
+                    EAGLContext* resource_context);
 
   ~IOSGLRenderTarget();
 
@@ -41,8 +40,8 @@ class IOSGLRenderTarget {
 
  private:
   fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer_;
-  fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context_;
-  fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context_;
+  fml::scoped_nsobject<EAGLContext> context_;
+  fml::scoped_nsobject<EAGLContext> resource_context_;
   GLuint framebuffer_;
   GLuint colorbuffer_;
   GLint storage_size_width_;
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.mm
index e0ce5e7bf829214d0f01e643f8fb5cad6537b1cb..a57ba9c46b41499cffd5d0f2266a7c602c82403c 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_gl_render_target.mm
@@ -11,22 +11,23 @@
 #include "third_party/skia/include/gpu/gl/GrGLInterface.h"
 
 namespace flutter {
+
 IOSGLRenderTarget::IOSGLRenderTarget(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
-                                     fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                                     fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context)
+                                     EAGLContext* context,
+                                     EAGLContext* resource_context)
     : layer_(std::move(layer)),
-      onscreen_gl_context_(std::move(onscreen_gl_context)),
-      resource_gl_context_(std::move(resource_gl_context)),
+      context_([context retain]),
+      resource_context_([resource_context retain]),
       framebuffer_(GL_NONE),
       colorbuffer_(GL_NONE),
       storage_size_width_(0),
       storage_size_height_(0),
       valid_(false) {
   FML_DCHECK(layer_ != nullptr);
-  FML_DCHECK(onscreen_gl_context_);
-  FML_DCHECK(resource_gl_context_);
+  FML_DCHECK(context_ != nullptr);
+  FML_DCHECK(resource_context_ != nullptr);
 
-  bool context_current = onscreen_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  bool context_current = [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context_];
 
   FML_DCHECK(context_current);
   FML_DCHECK(glGetError() == GL_NO_ERROR);
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ IOSGLRenderTarget::IOSGLRenderTarget(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
 
 IOSGLRenderTarget::~IOSGLRenderTarget() {
   EAGLContext* context = EAGLContext.currentContext;
-  onscreen_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context_];
   FML_DCHECK(glGetError() == GL_NO_ERROR);
 
   // Deletes on GL_NONEs are ignored
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ bool IOSGLRenderTarget::UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() {
 
   FML_DCHECK(glGetError() == GL_NO_ERROR);
 
-  if (!onscreen_gl_context_->MakeCurrent()) {
+  if (![EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context_]) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ bool IOSGLRenderTarget::UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() {
   glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorbuffer_);
   FML_DCHECK(glGetError() == GL_NO_ERROR);
 
-  if (!onscreen_gl_context_->BindRenderbufferStorage(layer_)) {
+  if (![context_.get() renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:layer_.get()]) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -132,11 +133,11 @@ bool IOSGLRenderTarget::UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() {
 }
 
 bool IOSGLRenderTarget::MakeCurrent() {
-  return UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() && onscreen_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  return UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() && [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context_.get()];
 }
 
 bool IOSGLRenderTarget::ResourceMakeCurrent() {
-  return resource_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  return [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:resource_context_.get()];
 }
 
 }  // namespace flutter
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.h
index 7dc815dbba8793b5ee996ab1de878e3f5ea5a7e7..964cc7adb692e81909e613ffd21ed4219de21c33 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.h
@@ -20,14 +20,11 @@ class IOSSurfaceGL final : public IOSSurface,
                            public GPUSurfaceGLDelegate,
                            public ExternalViewEmbedder {
  public:
-  IOSSurfaceGL(fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-               fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context,
+  IOSSurfaceGL(std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> context,
                fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
                FlutterPlatformViewsController* platform_views_controller);
 
-  IOSSurfaceGL(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
-               fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-               fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context);
+  IOSSurfaceGL(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer, std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> context);
 
   ~IOSSurfaceGL() override;
 
@@ -82,10 +79,7 @@ class IOSSurfaceGL final : public IOSSurface,
   bool SubmitFrame(GrContext* context) override;
 
  private:
-  fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context_;
-
-  fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context_;
-
+  std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> context_;
   std::unique_ptr<IOSGLRenderTarget> render_target_;
 
   FML_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(IOSSurfaceGL);
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.mm
index b278e8170cd89956ac1ac7240696e2618b1bb6cb..9e838e200df347d6e8c4c688bd90d66cf206ba3f 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_gl.mm
@@ -9,25 +9,17 @@
 
 namespace flutter {
 
-IOSSurfaceGL::IOSSurfaceGL(fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                           fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context,
+IOSSurfaceGL::IOSSurfaceGL(std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> context,
                            fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
                            FlutterPlatformViewsController* platform_views_controller)
-    : IOSSurface(platform_views_controller),
-      onscreen_gl_context_(std::move(onscreen_gl_context)),
-      resource_gl_context_(std::move(resource_gl_context)) {
-  render_target_ = std::make_unique<IOSGLRenderTarget>(std::move(layer), onscreen_gl_context_,
-                                                       resource_gl_context_);
+    : IOSSurface(platform_views_controller), context_(context) {
+  render_target_ = context_->CreateRenderTarget(std::move(layer));
 }
 
 IOSSurfaceGL::IOSSurfaceGL(fml::scoped_nsobject<CAEAGLLayer> layer,
-                           fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> onscreen_gl_context,
-                           fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context)
-    : IOSSurface(nullptr),
-      onscreen_gl_context_(std::move(onscreen_gl_context)),
-      resource_gl_context_(std::move(resource_gl_context)) {
-  render_target_ = std::make_unique<IOSGLRenderTarget>(std::move(layer), onscreen_gl_context_,
-                                                       resource_gl_context_);
+                           std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> context)
+    : IOSSurface(nullptr), context_(context) {
+  render_target_ = context_->CreateRenderTarget(std::move(layer));
 }
 
 IOSSurfaceGL::~IOSSurfaceGL() = default;
@@ -37,7 +29,7 @@ bool IOSSurfaceGL::IsValid() const {
 }
 
 bool IOSSurfaceGL::ResourceContextMakeCurrent() {
-  return resource_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  return context_->ResourceMakeCurrent();
 }
 
 void IOSSurfaceGL::UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() {
@@ -68,7 +60,7 @@ bool IOSSurfaceGL::GLContextMakeCurrent() {
   if (!IsValid()) {
     return false;
   }
-  return render_target_->UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() && onscreen_gl_context_->MakeCurrent();
+  return render_target_->UpdateStorageSizeIfNecessary() && context_->MakeCurrent();
 }
 
 bool IOSSurfaceGL::GLContextClearCurrent() {
@@ -153,8 +145,7 @@ bool IOSSurfaceGL::SubmitFrame(GrContext* context) {
     return true;
   }
 
-  bool submitted = platform_views_controller->SubmitFrame(std::move(context), onscreen_gl_context_,
-                                                          resource_gl_context_);
+  bool submitted = platform_views_controller->SubmitFrame(std::move(context), context_);
   [CATransaction commit];
   return submitted;
 }
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_software.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_software.mm
index 253c8645d23083c910fe75a53dc7055a6e750276..4566bbf3f3624489f41baf830b4fb12d025c6f83 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_software.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/ios_surface_software.mm
@@ -184,8 +184,7 @@ bool IOSSurfaceSoftware::SubmitFrame(GrContext* context) {
   if (platform_views_controller == nullptr) {
     return true;
   }
-  return platform_views_controller->SubmitFrame(nullptr, fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext>(),
-                                                fml::WeakPtr<IOSGLContext>());
+  return platform_views_controller->SubmitFrame(nullptr, nullptr);
 }
 
 }  // namespace flutter
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.h b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.h
index f9461719ba32950804a6c99c01f8d53ca73a7aa3..38fc2a9f30b280fec81fe9d6701287f73d4e955e 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.h
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.h
@@ -44,12 +44,10 @@ class PlatformViewIOS final : public PlatformView {
   // |PlatformView|
   void SetSemanticsEnabled(bool enabled) override;
 
-  bool HasOnscreenSurface() const;
-
  private:
   fml::WeakPtr<FlutterViewController> owner_controller_;
   std::unique_ptr<IOSSurface> ios_surface_;
-  std::unique_ptr<IOSGLContext> resource_gl_context_;
+  std::shared_ptr<IOSGLContext> gl_context_;
   PlatformMessageRouter platform_message_router_;
   std::unique_ptr<AccessibilityBridge> accessibility_bridge_;
   fml::scoped_nsprotocol<FlutterTextInputPlugin*> text_input_plugin_;
@@ -77,8 +75,6 @@ class PlatformViewIOS final : public PlatformView {
   // |PlatformView|
   void OnPreEngineRestart() const override;
 
-  void NotifyDestroyed() override;
-
   FML_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(PlatformViewIOS);
 };
 
diff --git a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.mm b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.mm
index 34407de9aac30bcf0d0a133c03cb99b12093eeb2..c80ae377c03a158fde7da68a7c254383fdf2851e 100644
--- a/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.mm
+++ b/shell/platform/darwin/ios/platform_view_ios.mm
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ PlatformViewIOS::PlatformViewIOS(PlatformView::Delegate& delegate,
                                  flutter::TaskRunners task_runners)
     : PlatformView(delegate, std::move(task_runners)) {
 #if !TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
-  resource_gl_context_ = std::make_unique<IOSGLContext>();
+  gl_context_ = std::make_shared<IOSGLContext>();
 #endif  // !TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
 }
 
@@ -42,24 +42,16 @@ fml::WeakPtr<FlutterViewController> PlatformViewIOS::GetOwnerViewController() co
   return owner_controller_;
 }
 
-void PlatformViewIOS::NotifyDestroyed() {
-  PlatformView::NotifyDestroyed();
-  ios_surface_.reset();
-}
-
-bool PlatformViewIOS::HasOnscreenSurface() const {
-  return !!ios_surface_;
-}
-
 void PlatformViewIOS::SetOwnerViewController(fml::WeakPtr<FlutterViewController> owner_controller) {
   if (ios_surface_ || !owner_controller) {
     NotifyDestroyed();
+    ios_surface_.reset();
     accessibility_bridge_.reset();
   }
   owner_controller_ = owner_controller;
   if (owner_controller_) {
-    ios_surface_ = [static_cast<FlutterView*>(owner_controller.get().view)
-        createSurfaceWithResourceGLContext:resource_gl_context_->GetWeakPtr()];
+    ios_surface_ =
+        [static_cast<FlutterView*>(owner_controller.get().view) createSurface:gl_context_];
     FML_DCHECK(ios_surface_ != nullptr);
 
     if (accessibility_bridge_) {
@@ -91,7 +83,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<Surface> PlatformViewIOS::CreateRenderingSurface() {
 
 // |PlatformView|
 sk_sp<GrContext> PlatformViewIOS::CreateResourceContext() const {
-  if (!resource_gl_context_ || !resource_gl_context_->MakeCurrent()) {
+  if (!gl_context_ || !gl_context_->ResourceMakeCurrent()) {
     FML_DLOG(INFO) << "Could not make resource context current on IO thread. "
                       "Async texture uploads will be disabled. On Simulators, "
                       "this is expected.";
diff --git a/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/Scenarios.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj b/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/Scenarios.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
index bf19f4e482c9ed1338a2604b219f64a4bc864c80..c7fe99847ea68acfabc7dccf9f4affc70acf44dc 100644
--- a/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/Scenarios.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
+++ b/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/Scenarios.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 		24D47D1B230C79840069DD5E /* golden_platform_view_D211AP.png in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 24D47D1A230C79840069DD5E /* golden_platform_view_D211AP.png */; };
 		24D47D1D230CA2700069DD5E /* golden_platform_view_iPhone SE_simulator.png in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 24D47D1C230CA2700069DD5E /* golden_platform_view_iPhone SE_simulator.png */; };
 		24F1FB89230B4579005ACE7C /* TextPlatformView.m in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 24F1FB87230B4579005ACE7C /* TextPlatformView.m */; };
-		D678B7C82322EFDA00792FDC /* FlutterViewTest.m in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = D678B7C72322EFDA00792FDC /* FlutterViewTest.m */; settings = {COMPILER_FLAGS = "-fno-objc-arc"; }; };
 /* End PBXBuildFile section */
 
 /* Begin PBXContainerItemProxy section */
@@ -106,7 +105,6 @@
 		24D47D1E230CA4480069DD5E /* README.md */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = net.daringfireball.markdown; path = README.md; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		24F1FB87230B4579005ACE7C /* TextPlatformView.m */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.c.objc; path = TextPlatformView.m; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		24F1FB88230B4579005ACE7C /* TextPlatformView.h */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.c.h; path = TextPlatformView.h; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
-		D678B7C72322EFDA00792FDC /* FlutterViewTest.m */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.c.objc; path = FlutterViewTest.m; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 /* End PBXFileReference section */
 
 /* Begin PBXFrameworksBuildPhase section */
@@ -178,7 +176,6 @@
 			children = (
 				248FDFC322FE7CD0009CC7CD /* FlutterEngineTest.m */,
 				0DB781FC22EA2C0300E9B371 /* FlutterViewControllerTest.m */,
-				D678B7C72322EFDA00792FDC /* FlutterViewTest.m */,
 				248D76E522E388380012F0C1 /* Info.plist */,
 			);
 			path = ScenariosTests;
@@ -352,7 +349,6 @@
 			files = (
 				0DB7820222EA493B00E9B371 /* FlutterViewControllerTest.m in Sources */,
 				248FDFC422FE7CD0009CC7CD /* FlutterEngineTest.m in Sources */,
-				D678B7C82322EFDA00792FDC /* FlutterViewTest.m in Sources */,
 			);
 			runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0;
 		};
diff --git a/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/ScenariosTests/FlutterViewTest.m b/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/ScenariosTests/FlutterViewTest.m
deleted file mode 100644
index 27c1f7702868e77176ef71461790cbba4fa94d6e..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/testing/scenario_app/ios/Scenarios/ScenariosTests/FlutterViewTest.m
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2013 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
-// found in the LICENSE file.
-
-#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>
-#import <XCTest/XCTest.h>
-#import "AppDelegate.h"
-
-@interface FlutterViewGLContextTest : XCTestCase
-@property(nonatomic, strong) FlutterViewController* flutterViewController;
-@property(nonatomic, strong) FlutterEngine* flutterEngine;
-@end
-
-@implementation FlutterViewGLContextTest
-
-- (void)setUp {
-  [super setUp];
-  self.continueAfterFailure = NO;
-}
-
-- (void)tearDown {
-  if (self.flutterViewController) {
-    [self.flutterViewController removeFromParentViewController];
-    [self.flutterViewController release];
-  }
-  if (self.flutterEngine) {
-    [self.flutterEngine release];
-  }
-  [super tearDown];
-}
-
-- (void)testFlutterViewDestroyed {
-  self.flutterEngine = [[FlutterEngine alloc] initWithName:@"testGL" project:nil];
-  [self.flutterEngine runWithEntrypoint:nil];
-  self.flutterViewController = [[FlutterViewController alloc] initWithEngine:self.flutterEngine
-                                                                     nibName:nil
-                                                                      bundle:nil];
-
-  AppDelegate* appDelegate = (AppDelegate*)UIApplication.sharedApplication.delegate;
-  UIViewController* rootVC = appDelegate.window.rootViewController;
-  [rootVC presentViewController:self.flutterViewController animated:NO completion:nil];
-
-  // TODO: refactor this to not rely on private test-only APIs
-  __weak id flutterView = [self.flutterViewController flutterView];
-  XCTAssertNotNil(flutterView);
-  XCTAssertTrue([self.flutterViewController hasOnscreenSurface]);
-
-  [self.flutterViewController
-      dismissViewControllerAnimated:NO
-                         completion:^{
-                           __weak id flutterView = [self.flutterViewController flutterView];
-                           XCTAssertNil(flutterView);
-                           XCTAssertFalse([self.flutterViewController hasOnscreenSurface]);
-                         }];
-}
-
-@end