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blog/laravel/model-relation.md
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...@@ -35,12 +35,16 @@ CREATE TABLE `profile` ( ...@@ -35,12 +35,16 @@ CREATE TABLE `profile` (
初始化数据 初始化数据
```sql ```sql
-- 用户表 -- 用户表
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`, `name`, `age`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (1, '曹真', 23, '2022-07-05 10:32:48', '2022-07-05 10:47:36', NULL); INSERT INTO `user`(`id`, `name`, `age`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`, `name`, `age`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (2, '曹丕', 21, '2022-07-05 10:36:47', '2022-07-05 10:47:22', NULL); VALUES (1, '曹真', 23, '2022-07-05 10:32:48', '2022-07-05 10:47:36', NULL);
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`, `name`, `age`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (2, '曹丕', 21, '2022-07-05 10:36:47', '2022-07-05 10:47:22', NULL);
-- 用户信息表 -- 用户信息表
INSERT INTO `profile`(`id`, `user_id`, `hobby`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (1, 1, '羽毛球', '2022-07-10 22:26:00', '2022-07-10 22:27:07', NULL); INSERT INTO `profile`(`id`, `user_id`, `hobby`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
INSERT INTO `profile`(`id`, `user_id`, `hobby`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (2, 2, '乒乓球', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', NULL); VALUES (1, 1, '羽毛球', '2022-07-10 22:26:00', '2022-07-10 22:27:07', NULL);
INSERT INTO `profile`(`id`, `user_id`, `hobby`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (2, 2, '乒乓球', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', NULL);
``` ```
创建Model 创建Model
...@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ php8 artisan make:model User ...@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ php8 artisan make:model User
# 用户信息表 # 用户信息表
php8 artisan make:model Profile php8 artisan make:model Profile
# 添加代码提示 # 添加代码提示，模型修改后也可以执行从而更新注释
php8 artisan ide-helper:models php8 artisan ide-helper:models
``` ```
...@@ -139,6 +143,9 @@ class Profile extends Model ...@@ -139,6 +143,9 @@ class Profile extends Model
```php ```php
User::find(1)->profile; User::find(1)->profile;
// select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
// select * from `profile` where `profile`.`user_id` = ? and `profile`.`user_id` is not null limit 1
{ {
"id": 1, "id": 1,
"user_id": 1, "user_id": 1,
...@@ -152,6 +159,9 @@ User::find(1)->profile; ...@@ -152,6 +159,9 @@ User::find(1)->profile;
```php ```php
Profile::find(1)->user; Profile::find(1)->user;
// select * from `profile` where `profile`.`id` = ? limit 1
// select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
{ {
"id": 1, "id": 1,
"name": "曹真", "name": "曹真",
...@@ -182,8 +192,10 @@ CREATE TABLE `book` ( ...@@ -182,8 +192,10 @@ CREATE TABLE `book` (
) ENGINE=InnoDB COMMENT='用户书单表'; ) ENGINE=InnoDB COMMENT='用户书单表';
-- 用户书单表 -- 用户书单表
INSERT INTO `book`(`id`, `user_id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (1, 1, '《三国演义》', '2022-07-10 22:26:00', '2022-07-10 22:27:07', NULL); INSERT INTO `book`(`id`, `user_id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
INSERT INTO `book`(`id`, `user_id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`) VALUES (2, 1, '《红楼梦》', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', NULL); VALUES (1, 1, '《三国演义》', '2022-07-10 22:26:00', '2022-07-10 22:27:07', NULL);
INSERT INTO `book`(`id`, `user_id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (2, 1, '《红楼梦》', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', '2022-07-10 22:27:16', NULL);
``` ```
初始化数据 初始化数据
...@@ -227,6 +239,9 @@ class Book extends Model ...@@ -227,6 +239,9 @@ class Book extends Model
```php ```php
User::find(1)->books; User::find(1)->books;
// select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
// select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null
[ [
{ {
"id": 1, "id": 1,
...@@ -251,6 +266,10 @@ User::find(1)->books; ...@@ -251,6 +266,10 @@ User::find(1)->books;
```php ```php
Book::find(1)->user; Book::find(1)->user;
// select * from `book` where `book`.`id` = ? limit 1
// select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
{ {
"id": 1, "id": 1,
"name": "曹真", "name": "曹真",
...@@ -260,12 +279,18 @@ Book::find(1)->user; ...@@ -260,12 +279,18 @@ Book::find(1)->user;
"delete_time": null "delete_time": null
} }
``` ```
使用条件查询 使用条件查询
```php ```php
User::find(1) User::find(1)
->books() ->books()
->where('id', '>', 1) ->where('id', '>', 1)
->get(); ->get();
// select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
// select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ?
// and `book`.`user_id` is not null and `id` > ?
[ [
{ {
...@@ -280,4 +305,321 @@ User::find(1) ...@@ -280,4 +305,321 @@ User::find(1)
``` ```
## 模型的多对多关联
定义数据表
```sql
-- 角色表
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`title` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`create_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`update_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`delete_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB COMMENT='角色表';
-- 用户角色关系表
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` int NOT NULL,
`role_id` int NOT NULL,
`detail` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`create_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`update_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`delete_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB COMMENT='用户角色关系表';
```
初始化数据
```sql
-- 角色表
INSERT INTO `role`(`id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (1, '评论审核员', '2022-07-11 10:10:20', '2022-07-11 10:10:54', NULL);
INSERT INTO `role`(`id`, `title`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (2, '账号管理员', '2022-07-11 10:10:26', '2022-07-11 10:10:47', NULL);
-- 用户角色关系表
INSERT INTO `user_role`(`id`, `user_id`, `role_id`, `detail`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (1, 1, 1, '备注详情1', '2022-07-11 10:11:04', '2022-07-11 10:12:56', NULL);
INSERT INTO `user_role`(`id`, `user_id`, `role_id`, `detail`, `create_time`, `update_time`, `delete_time`)
VALUES (2, 1, 2, '备注详情2', '2022-07-11 10:11:08', '2022-07-11 10:12:54', NULL);
```
生成模型类
```bash
# 角色表
php8 artisan make:model Role
# 添加代码提示
php8 artisan ide-helper:models
```
修改模型类
```php
class User extends Model
{
protected $table = 'user';
// 多对多关联
public function roles()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class, 'user_role', 'user_id', 'role_id');
}
}
class Role extends Model
{
protected $table = 'role';
// 多对多关联
public function users()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(User::class, 'user_role', 'role_id', 'user_id');
}
}
```
查询示例
示例1
```php
User::find(1)->roles;
```
```sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
select `role`.*,
`user_role`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`,
`user_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`
from `role`
inner join `user_role`
on `role`.`id` = `user_role`.`role_id`
where `user_role`.`user_id` = ?
```
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"title": "评论审核员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:20",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:54",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 1
}
},
{
"id": 2,
"title": "账号管理员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:26",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:47",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 2
}
}
]
```
示例2
```php
User::find(1)
->roles()
->where('role_id', 1)
->get();
```
```sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
select `role`.*,
`user_role`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`,
`user_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`
from `role`
inner join `user_role`
on `role`.`id` = `user_role`.`role_id`
where `user_role`.`user_id` = ? and `role_id` = ?
```
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"title": "评论审核员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:20",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:54",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 1
}
}
]
```
示例3
```php
Role::find(1)->users;
```
```sql
select * from `role` where `role`.`id` = ? limit 1
select `user`.*,
`user_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`,
`user_role`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`
from `user`
inner join `user_role`
on `user`.`id` = `user_role`.`user_id`
where `user_role`.`role_id` = ?
```
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"name": "曹真",
"age": 23,
"create_time": "2022-07-05 10:32:48",
"update_time": "2022-07-05 10:47:36",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"role_id": 1,
"user_id": 1
}
}
]
```
示例4：获取中间表字段
```php
public function roles()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class, 'user_role', 'user_id', 'role_id')
->withPivot('id', 'detail');
}
```
```php
User::find(1)->roles;
```
```sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
select `role`.*,
`user_role`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`,
`user_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`,
`user_role`.`id` as `pivot_id`,
`user_role`.`detail` as `pivot_detail`
from `role`
inner join `user_role`
on `role`.`id` = `user_role`.`role_id`
where `user_role`.`user_id` = ?
```
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"title": "评论审核员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:20",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:54",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 1,
"id": 1,
"detail": "备注详情1"
}
},
{
"id": 2,
"title": "账号管理员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:26",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:47",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 2,
"id": 2,
"detail": "备注详情2"
}
}
]
```
示例5：筛选数据
```php
public function roles()
{
return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class, 'user_role', 'user_id', 'role_id')
->wherePivot('id', 1);
}
```
```php
User::find(1)->roles;
```
```sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
select `role`.*,
`user_role`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`,
`user_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`
from `role`
inner join `user_role`
on `role`.`id` = `user_role`.`role_id`
where `user_role`.`user_id` = ? and `user_role`.`id` = ?
```
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"title": "评论审核员",
"create_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:20",
"update_time": "2022-07-11 10:10:54",
"delete_time": null,
"pivot": {
"user_id": 1,
"role_id": 1
}
}
]
```
## 其他关联关系
- 远程一对一
- 远程一对多
- 多态一对一
- 多态一对多
- 多态多对多
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1gE411j78F?p=27&spm_id_from=pageDriver&vd_source=efbb4dc944fa761b6e016ce2ca5933da https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1gE411j78F?p=27&spm_id_from=pageDriver&vd_source=efbb4dc944fa761b6e016ce2ca5933da
\ No newline at end of file
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