提交 ecbd0da1 编写于 作者: R Rafael J. Wysocki 提交者: Linus Torvalds

[PATCH] swsusp: document support for swap files

Document the "resume_offset=" command line parameter as well as the way in
which swap files are supported by swsusp.
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
上级 9a154d9d
......@@ -1370,6 +1370,12 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
resume= [SWSUSP]
Specify the partition device for software suspend
resume_offset= [SWSUSP]
Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
See Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
Set number of hash buckets for route cache
......
Using swap files with software suspend (swsusp)
(C) 2006 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
The Linux kernel handles swap files almost in the same way as it handles swap
partitions and there are only two differences between these two types of swap
areas:
(1) swap files need not be contiguous,
(2) the header of a swap file is not in the first block of the partition that
holds it. From the swsusp's point of view (1) is not a problem, because it is
already taken care of by the swap-handling code, but (2) has to be taken into
consideration.
In principle the location of a swap file's header may be determined with the
help of appropriate filesystem driver. Unfortunately, however, it requires the
filesystem holding the swap file to be mounted, and if this filesystem is
journaled, it cannot be mounted during resume from disk. For this reason to
identify a swap file swsusp uses the name of the partition that holds the file
and the offset from the beginning of the partition at which the swap file's
header is located. For convenience, this offset is expressed in <PAGE_SIZE>
units.
In order to use a swap file with swsusp, you need to:
1) Create the swap file and make it active, eg.
# dd if=/dev/zero of=<swap_file_path> bs=1024 count=<swap_file_size_in_k>
# mkswap <swap_file_path>
# swapon <swap_file_path>
2) Use an application that will bmap the swap file with the help of the
FIBMAP ioctl and determine the location of the file's swap header, as the
offset, in <PAGE_SIZE> units, from the beginning of the partition which
holds the swap file.
3) Add the following parameters to the kernel command line:
resume=<swap_file_partition> resume_offset=<swap_file_offset>
where <swap_file_partition> is the partition on which the swap file is located
and <swap_file_offset> is the offset of the swap header determined by the
application in 2). [Of course, this step may be carried out automatically
by the same application that determies the swap file's header offset using the
FIBMAP ioctl.]
Now, swsusp will use the swap file in the same way in which it would use a swap
partition. [Of course this means that the resume from a swap file cannot be
initiated from whithin an initrd of initramfs image.] In particular, the
swap file has to be active (ie. be present in /proc/swaps) so that it can be
used for suspending.
Note that if the swap file used for suspending is deleted and recreated,
the location of its header need not be the same as before. Thus every time
this happens the value of the "resume_offset=" kernel command line parameter
has to be updated.
......@@ -297,20 +297,12 @@ system is shut down or suspended. Additionally use the encrypted
suspend image to prevent sensitive data from being stolen after
resume.
Q: Why can't we suspend to a swap file?
Q: Can I suspend to a swap file?
A: Because accessing swap file needs the filesystem mounted, and
filesystem might do something wrong (like replaying the journal)
during mount.
There are few ways to get that fixed:
1) Probably could be solved by modifying every filesystem to support
some kind of "really read-only!" option. Patches welcome.
2) suspend2 gets around that by storing absolute positions in on-disk
image (and blocksize), with resume parameter pointing directly to
suspend header.
A: Generally, yes, you can. However, it requires you to use the "resume=" and
"resume_offset=" kernel command line parameters, so the resume from a swap file
cannot be initiated from an initrd or initramfs image. See
swsusp-and-swap-files.txt for details.
Q: Is there a maximum system RAM size that is supported by swsusp?
......
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