#ifdef USE_BUMPMAP

	uniform sampler2D bumpMap;
	uniform float bumpScale;

	// Bump Mapping Unparametrized Surfaces on the GPU by Morten S. Mikkelsen
	// http://api.unrealengine.com/attachments/Engine/Rendering/LightingAndShadows/BumpMappingWithoutTangentSpace/mm_sfgrad_bump.pdf

	// Evaluate the derivative of the height w.r.t. screen-space using forward differencing (listing 2)

	vec2 dHdxy_fwd() {

		vec2 dSTdx = dFdx( vUv );
		vec2 dSTdy = dFdy( vUv );

		float Hll = bumpScale * texture2D( bumpMap, vUv ).x;
		float dBx = bumpScale * texture2D( bumpMap, vUv + dSTdx ).x - Hll;
		float dBy = bumpScale * texture2D( bumpMap, vUv + dSTdy ).x - Hll;

		return vec2( dBx, dBy );

	}

	vec3 perturbNormalArb( vec3 surf_pos, vec3 surf_norm, vec2 dHdxy ) {

		// Workaround for Adreno 3XX dFd*( vec3 ) bug. See #9988

		vec3 vSigmaX = vec3( dFdx( surf_pos.x ), dFdx( surf_pos.y ), dFdx( surf_pos.z ) );
		vec3 vSigmaY = vec3( dFdy( surf_pos.x ), dFdy( surf_pos.y ), dFdy( surf_pos.z ) );
		vec3 vN = surf_norm;		// normalized

		vec3 R1 = cross( vSigmaY, vN );
		vec3 R2 = cross( vN, vSigmaX );

		float fDet = dot( vSigmaX, R1 );

		fDet *= ( float( gl_FrontFacing ) * 2.0 - 1.0 );

		vec3 vGrad = sign( fDet ) * ( dHdxy.x * R1 + dHdxy.y * R2 );
		return normalize( abs( fDet ) * surf_norm - vGrad );

	}

#endif