# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # title :如果地球停止公转 # description :如果地球停止公转，那它需要多久才会掉进太阳？ 大约65天 # author :Python超人 # date :2023-06-21 # link :https://gitcode.net/pythoncr/ # python_version :3.8 # ============================================================================== from bodies import Sun, Earth, Mercury, Venus from common.consts import SECONDS_PER_HOUR, SECONDS_PER_HALF_DAY, SECONDS_PER_DAY, SECONDS_PER_WEEK, SECONDS_PER_MONTH from common.func import calculate_distance, get_acceleration_info from sim_scenes.func import mayavi_run, ursina_run, camera_look_at, two_bodies_colliding, set_camera_parent, \ create_text_panel from bodies.body import AU from simulators.ursina.entities.body_timer import BodyTimer, TimeData from simulators.ursina.entities.entity_utils import get_value_direction_vectors from simulators.ursina.ui.control_ui import ControlUI from simulators.ursina.ursina_config import UrsinaConfig from simulators.ursina.ursina_event import UrsinaEvent from ursina import application, camera, Vec3 import math from simulators.ursina.ursina_mesh import create_circle_line, create_orbit_line from ursina import color class EarthOrbitStoppedSim: """ 地球停止公转模拟类 """ # 地球的Y方向初始速度 EARTH_INIT_VELOCITY = 0 # 0km/s def __init__(self): self.sun = Sun(init_position=[0, 0, 0], size_scale=1) self.earth = Earth(init_position=[0, 0, -AU], # texture="earth2.jpg", init_velocity=[0, self.EARTH_INIT_VELOCITY, 0], size_scale=1).set_light_disable(True) # 水星轨道半径 self.mercury_radius = 0.384 * AU # 金星轨道半径 self.venus_radius = 0.721 * AU # 计算得到水星的初始位置和初始速度： [49311300. 0. 28075956.] [ 24.30735 0. -41.926445] self.mercury = Mercury(name="水星", # init_position=[0, 0, -self.mercury_radius], # 和地球插肩而过的位置，用于找到下面的速度 init_position=[49311300., 0, 28075956.], # 设置的初始位置和初始速度使得与地球插肩而过 init_velocity=[-24.282, 0, 41.913], size_scale=1).set_light_disable(True) # 计算得到金星的初始位置和初始速度： [-98608848. 0. -42909512.] [-13.869937 0. 32.247845] self.venus = Venus(name="金星", # init_position=[0, 0, -self.venus_radius], # 和地球插肩而过的位置，用于找到下面的速度 init_position=[-98608848., 0, -42909512.], # 设置的初始位置和初始速度使得与地球插肩而过 init_velocity=[13.869937, 0, -32.247845], size_scale=1).set_light_disable(True) self.bodies = [ self.sun, self.mercury, self.venus, self.earth ] # 是否已经到达太阳 self.arrived_sun = False # 是否已经到达水星的轨道 self.arrived_mercury_orbit_line = False # 是否已经到达金星的轨道 self.arrived_venus_orbit_line = False # 显示板信息模板 self.arrived_info = "　距离太阳：${distance}\n\n　地球速度：${velocity}\n\n地球加速度：${acceleration}\n\n" def create_orbit_line(self, radius, color): """ 创建行星轨道线 @param radius: 以太阳中心为中心点的半径 @param color: 颜色 @return: """ orbit_line = create_circle_line(parent=self.sun, radius=radius, thickness=5, color=color, alpha=0.3) orbit_line.rotation_x = 90 orbit_line.enabled = False # 默认不显示 return orbit_line def on_ready(self): # 运行前触发一次 # 应用的时间缩放越小，视频更近顺滑（低速运行比较重要） application.time_scale = 0.00001 # FOV是摄像机的视场角，即Field of view（FOV），它的大小决定了摄像机的视野范围。 camera.fov = 50 self.text_panel = create_text_panel() self.text_panel.text = self.arrived_info. \ replace("${distance}", "1 AU"). \ replace("${velocity}", "0"). \ replace("${acceleration}", "0") # 创建水星轨道线 self.mercury_orbit_line = create_orbit_line(self.sun, self.mercury) # 创建金星轨道线 self.venus_orbit_line = create_orbit_line(self.sun, self.venus) def on_timer_changed(self, time_data: TimeData): # 摄像机时时刻刻看向地球 camera_look_at(self.earth, rotation_z=0) # 获取地球当前的位置，让摄像机跟随地球 earth_pos = self.earth.planet.world_position camera.world_position = Vec3(earth_pos[0], earth_pos[1] + 0.01, earth_pos[2] - 0.1) acceleration_info = get_acceleration_info(self.earth.acceleration) velocity, _ = get_value_direction_vectors(self.earth.velocity) # 计算地球和太阳中心点之间的距离 distance = calculate_distance(self.earth.position, self.sun.position) # 减去太阳和地球的半径，得到地球表面和太阳表面的距离 distance = distance - self.sun.radius - self.earth.radius if distance > 100000000: distance_str = "%s亿" % round(distance / 100000000.0, 2) # elif distance > 10000000: # distance_str = "%s千万" % round(distance / 10000000.0, 2) # elif distance > 1000000: # distance_str = "%s百万" % round(distance / 1000000.0, 2) elif distance > 10000: distance_str = "%s万" % round(distance / 10000.0, 2) else: distance_str = round(distance, 2) if two_bodies_colliding(self.sun, self.earth): self.arrived_sun = True msg = "地球在[%s]到达太阳" % time_data.time_text print(msg) self.text_panel.text = self.arrived_info. \ replace("${distance}", "0 km"). \ replace("${acceleration}", "%s" % acceleration_info). \ replace("${velocity}", "%s km/s" % round(velocity, 2)) \ + "\n\n" + msg ControlUI.current_ui.show_message(msg, close_time=-1) application.pause() return # 定义慢速运行的范围，这样才可以清楚的看到地球接近金星、水星、太阳的情景 slow_speed_ranges = [ (41.2, 41.35, 0.01), # (40, 41.2, 0.1), (41.2, 42.2, 0.1), (39, 40.2, 0.5), (42, 43, 0.5), (56.85, 57.05, 0.01), # (55, 56.9, 0.1), (57, 58.05, 0.1), (54, 55.2, 0.5), (58.2, 59, 0.5), (64.3, 67, 0.01), # (63, 64.4, 0.1), (64, 64.5, 0.5), ] venus_range = slow_speed_ranges[0] mercury_range = slow_speed_ranges[1] # 进入了水星轨道附近，才显示水星轨道线 if mercury_range[0] - 2 < time_data.total_days < mercury_range[1]: self.mercury_orbit_line.enabled = True # 由于天体运行不是标准的圆形，则需要动态调整轨道的大小，保证轨道线始终在天体的中心位置 self.mercury_orbit_line.auto_adjust() else: self.mercury_orbit_line.enabled = False # 进入了金星轨道附近，才显示金星轨道线 if venus_range[0] - 2 < time_data.total_days < venus_range[1]: self.venus_orbit_line.enabled = True # 由于天体运行不是标准的圆形，则需要动态调整轨道的大小，保证轨道线始终在天体的中心位置 self.venus_orbit_line.auto_adjust() else: self.venus_orbit_line.enabled = False # 默认运行速度因子为2倍 run_speed_factor = 2 for r in slow_speed_ranges: if r[0] < time_data.total_days < r[1]: # 进入了慢速范围，用指定的运行速度因子 run_speed_factor = r[2] elif (r[0] - 2) < time_data.total_days < (r[1] + 5): # 距离慢速范围还有2天或者超出5天，逐步调整运行速度因子 if time_data.total_days <= r[0]: # 快要进入慢速范围（2天内），逐步减小运行速度因子，速度越来越慢，直到0.01倍 run_speed_factor = UrsinaConfig.run_speed_factor - 0.01 if run_speed_factor < 0.01: run_speed_factor = 0.01 elif time_data.total_days >= r[1]: # 超出了慢速范围（5天内），逐步增加运行速度因子，速度越来越快，直到2倍 run_speed_factor = UrsinaConfig.run_speed_factor + 0.05 if run_speed_factor > 2: run_speed_factor = 2 break UrsinaConfig.run_speed_factor = run_speed_factor if abs(self.earth.position[2]) < self.venus_radius and not self.arrived_venus_orbit_line: # 地球的位置小于金星轨道半径，则显示消息 self.arrived_venus_orbit_line = True # arrived_venus_orbit_line 保证只会运行一次 msg = "地球在[%s]穿过金星轨道" % time_data.time_text print(msg) self.arrived_info = self.arrived_info + "\n\n" + msg print("金星：", self.venus.position, self.venus.velocity) # 显示 “地球在[某个时间]穿过金星轨道” 的消息 ControlUI.current_ui.show_message(msg, close_time=5) if abs(self.earth.position[2]) < self.mercury_radius and not self.arrived_mercury_orbit_line: # 地球的位置小于水星轨道半径，则显示消息 self.arrived_mercury_orbit_line = True # arrived_mercury_orbit_line 保证只会运行一次 msg = "地球在[%s]穿过水星轨道" % time_data.time_text print(msg) self.arrived_info = self.arrived_info + "\n\n" + msg print("水星：", self.mercury.position, self.mercury.velocity) # 显示 “地球在[某个时间]穿过水星轨道” 的消息 ControlUI.current_ui.show_message(msg, close_time=5) self.text_panel.text = self.arrived_info. \ replace("${distance}", "%s km" % distance_str). \ replace("${acceleration}", "%s" % acceleration_info). \ replace("${velocity}", "%s km/s" % round(velocity, 2)) if __name__ == '__main__': """ 地球停止公转，多久到达太阳 地球如果停止公转，多久能掉入太阳？ https://www.zhihu.com/question/310815418 如果地球停止公转，那它需要多久才会掉进太阳？ https://www.guokr.com/article/440341 如果地球停止公转坠向太阳，人类还能活多久？ https://www.sohu.com/a/303263431_498139 当地球停止公转，如果没有向外的向心力来抵消向内的引力，地球将开始朝着太阳坠落。 据美国康奈尔大学的天文学家戴夫 · 罗斯坦（Dave Rothstein)的计算， 地球将在65天后与太阳相撞，期间在第41天穿过金星的轨道，在第57天，我们将穿过水星的轨道 地球[41天 07时]到达金星轨道 地球[57天 01时]到达水星轨道 地球[64天 13时]到达太阳表面 """ # 设置计时器的最小时间单位为分钟 BodyTimer().min_unit = BodyTimer.MIN_UNIT_HOURS sim = EarthOrbitStoppedSim() # 运行前会触发 on_ready UrsinaEvent.on_ready_subscription(sim.on_ready) # 订阅事件后，上面的函数功能才会起作用 # 运行中，每时每刻都会触发 on_timer_changed UrsinaEvent.on_timer_changed_subscription(sim.on_timer_changed) # 使用 ursina 查看的运行效果 # 常用快捷键： P：运行和暂停 O：重新开始 I：显示天体轨迹 # position = 左-右+、上+下-、前+后- # position=(0, 0, 0) 的位置是站在地球视角，可以观看月相变化的过程 ursina_run(sim.bodies, SECONDS_PER_DAY, position=(0, 0.0001 * AU, -0.8 * AU), show_timer=True, show_grid=True)