# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # title :哈雷彗星场景半真实模拟 # description :哈雷彗星运行轨道使用了万有引力，其他天体使用 astropy 包的真实数据 # author :Python超人 # date :2023-10-28 # link :https://gitcode.net/pythoncr/ # python_version :3.9 # ============================================================================== from ursina import camera, application, lerp, Vec3 from common.celestial_data_service import init_bodies_reality_pos_vels, conv_to_astropy_time, \ set_solar_system_celestial_position from common.consts import SECONDS_PER_YEAR, AU from common.func import calculate_distance from objs import HalleComet, CameraTarget from sim_scenes.func import create_text_panel, camera_look_at from sim_scenes.func import ursina_run, create_sphere_sky from sim_scenes.solar_system.halley_comet_lib import HalleyCometSimBase, HalleyCometParams, \ create_halley_comet, create_orbit_line from simulators.ursina.entities.body_timer import TimeData from simulators.ursina.entities.entity_utils import get_value_direction_vectors from simulators.ursina.ui.control_ui import ControlUI from simulators.ursina.ursina_config import UrsinaConfig from simulators.ursina.ursina_event import UrsinaEvent from simulators.ursina.ursina_mesh import create_label RUN_SPEED = 1 / 8 class HalleyCometSim(HalleyCometSimBase): """ 哈雷彗星场景模拟 """ def __init__(self, _params=None): super(HalleyCometSim, self).__init__() if _params is None: self.params = HalleyCometParams() else: self.params = _params if isinstance(_params.start_time, str): self.start_time = conv_to_astropy_time(_params.start_time) else: self.start_time = _params.start_time # print("北京时间：", dt.to_datetime(timezone=pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai'))) def build(self): """ 构建太阳系系统以及哈雷彗星 @return: """ self.build_solar_system(ignore_gravity=True, start_time=self.start_time) # 创建哈雷彗星创建哈雷彗星 self.halley_comet = create_halley_comet(self.params.init_velocity, self.params.init_position) self.bodies.append(self.halley_comet) # # 创建一个摄像机跟踪目标 # self.camera_target = CameraTarget(size_scale=1e9) # self.bodies.append(self.camera_target) def init_settings(self): """ 初始化设置 @return: """ # 创建天空 create_sphere_sky(scale=200000) # UrsinaConfig.trail_type = "curve_line" # UrsinaConfig.trail_length = 300 UrsinaConfig.trail_type = "line" # UrsinaConfig.trail_length = 152 # 尾巴数量刚刚好 UrsinaConfig.trail_length = 135 UrsinaConfig.trail_thickness_factor = 3 # UrsinaConfig.trail_length = 180 UrsinaConfig.trail_factor = 3 # camera.clip_plane_near = 0.1 camera.clip_plane_far = 1000000 application.time_scale = 5 camera.forward_factor = 0 def camera_update(): camera_look_at(self.halley_comet, rotation_z=0) if camera.forward_factor != 0: camera.position += camera.forward * camera.forward_factor camera.update = camera_update def on_ready(self): """ 事件绑定后，模拟器运行前会触发 @return: """ # 初始化设置 self.init_settings() # 显示网格以及坐标线 # self.show_grid_axises() # 创建太阳系天体的真实轨迹（太阳和哈雷彗星除外） self.create_orbit_lines() # 创建信息显示面板 self.text_panel = create_text_panel() def create_orbit_lines(self): """ 创建太阳系天体的真实轨迹（太阳和哈雷彗星除外） @return: """ self.orbit_lines = [] for body in self.bodies[1:]: orbit_line = create_orbit_line(self.sun, body, self.start_time) if orbit_line is not None: self.orbit_lines.append(orbit_line) def set_bodies_position(self, time_data: TimeData): """ 设置天体的位置（包含速度和加速度的信息） @param time_data: @return: """ t = self.start_time + time_data.total_days set_solar_system_celestial_position(self.bodies, t, False) def create_year_label(self, trail, year, halley_comet_pos=None, pos=None, scale=40, background=False): """ 在界面上创建年份的标签 @param trail: @param year: @param halley_comet_pos: @return: """ # 为了不影响 2023年12月9日的显示，附近的 Label 就不显示 if year in ["1986", "2061", "2023", "2024", "2025"]: return if trail is None: _pos = halley_comet_pos else: _pos = pos if _pos is None: _pos = (0, 0, 0) label = create_label(trail, label=year, pos=_pos, color=(255, 255, 255), scale=scale, alpha=1.0, background=background) label.set_light_off() def set_comet_trail_alpha(self, distance_sun): """ 根据彗哈雷星和太阳的距离，设置彗星尾巴的透明度来模仿接近太阳有慧尾，离开太阳到一定距离就渐渐消失 @param distance_sun: 彗哈雷星和太阳的距离 @return: """ # 距离转为天文单位 d_au = distance_sun / AU # 渐渐消失的距离范围（开始消失距离, 完全消失距离） HIDE_DISTANCE = 1, 15 # 彗星最大的透明度 MAX_ALPHA = 0.8 # 大于完全消失距离 if d_au >= HIDE_DISTANCE[1]: alpha = 0 elif HIDE_DISTANCE[1] > d_au > HIDE_DISTANCE[0]: # 渐渐消失的距离范围内，通过距离值大小确定透明度（慢慢消失的效果） alpha = MAX_ALPHA - (d_au - HIDE_DISTANCE[0]) / (HIDE_DISTANCE[1] - HIDE_DISTANCE[0]) * MAX_ALPHA else: alpha = MAX_ALPHA # 修改彗星尾巴的透明度 c = self.halley_comet.planet.children[0] c.alpha = alpha def show_milestone_lable(self, last_trail, dt): """ 远日点: 35.1 AU（2023年12月9日） 近日点: 0.586 AU 上次通过近日点：1986年2月9日 下次通过近日点：2061年7月28日 @param last_trail: @param dt: @return: """ milestones = [("1986-02-09", (0, 2, 0)), ("2023-12-09", (0, -2, 0)), ("2061-07-28", (0, 2, 0))] for milestone, pos in milestones: prop_name = f"milestone_{milestone}" if not hasattr(self, prop_name) and dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") >= milestone: setattr(self, prop_name, milestone) if pos is None: pos = (0, 2, 0) self.create_year_label(last_trail, milestone, pos=pos, scale=60, background=True) # application.paused = True # UrsinaEvent.on_pause() def look_at_halley_comet(self, dt): forward_infos = [ (1983, 0.1 * RUN_SPEED * 12), (1986, -8 * RUN_SPEED * 12), (1987, -3 * RUN_SPEED * 12), (1988, 0), (2049, 1 * RUN_SPEED * 12), (2061, 0), (2062, -5 * RUN_SPEED * 12), (2066, 0), (2100, 0), (2124, 0) ] for idx, (year, factor) in enumerate(forward_infos[:-1]): next_year = forward_infos[idx + 1][0] if next_year > dt.year >= year: if factor < 0 and camera.position[0] < -3000: # 最远 continue camera.forward_factor = factor # if dt.year > 1986: # self.camera_target.planet.look_at(self.halley_comet.planet) # self.camera_target.planet.position = \ # lerp(self.camera_target.planet.position, self.halley_comet.planet.position, 1) # print(self.camera_target.planet.position, self.halley_comet.planet.position) # camera_look_at(self.halley_comet, rotation_z=0) # if 2000 > dt.year >= 1986: # camera.forward_factor = -0.3 * RUN_SPEED * 12 # elif 2008 > dt.year >= 2000: # camera.forward_factor = 0 # elif 2064 > dt.year >= 2008: # camera.forward_factor = 0.3 * RUN_SPEED * 12 # def camera_update(): # camera_look_at(self.halley_comet, rotation_z=0) # camera.position += camera.forward * -0.3 # # camera.forward = Vec3(0, 0, 0) # camera.update = camera_update # if dt.year > 1986: # # camera.position += Vec3(0, 0, -1) # camera.position += camera.forward * -5 def on_timer_changed(self, time_data): """ @param time_data: @return: """ dt = time_data.get_datetime(str(self.start_time)) year = dt.strftime("%Y") # camera_look_at(self.halley_comet) self.look_at_halley_comet(dt) if hasattr(self, "halley_comet"): if self.halley_comet.planet.enabled: self.halley_comet.planet.look_at(self.sun.planet) d_sun = calculate_distance(self.halley_comet.position, self.sun.position) d_earth = calculate_distance(self.halley_comet.position, self.earth.position) trail_keys = self.halley_comet.planet.trails.keys() last_trail = list(trail_keys)[-1] # self.halley_comet.planet.trails[list(trail_keys)[-1]] if hasattr(last_trail, "entity_infos"): # print(last_trail.entity_infos) last_trail.entity_infos["distance_from_sun"] = d_sun last_trail.entity_infos["distance_from_earth"] = d_earth last_trail.entity_infos["time"] = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") # print(last_trail.entity_infos) pos = self.halley_comet.planet.position import copy if self.show_milestone_lable(last_trail, dt): pass elif not hasattr(self, "last_year"): self.create_year_label(last_trail, year, pos) elif self.last_year != year: if not hasattr(self, "last_label_pos"): self.create_year_label(last_trail, year, pos) self.last_label_pos = copy.deepcopy(self.halley_comet.position) else: # 防止标签非常紧密 d = calculate_distance(self.halley_comet.position, self.last_label_pos) if d > 2 * AU: self.create_year_label(last_trail, year, pos) self.last_label_pos = copy.deepcopy(self.halley_comet.position) self.last_year = year # 哈雷彗星离太阳最近的点称为 "perihelion of Halley's Comet"（近日点：comet_peri）， if not hasattr(self, "comet_peri"): self.comet_peri = d_sun self.comet_peri_dt = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") elif d_sun < self.comet_peri: self.comet_peri = d_sun self.comet_peri_dt = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") # 哈雷彗星离太阳最远的点称为 "aphelion of Halley's Comet"（远日点） if not hasattr(self, "comet_aphel"): self.comet_aphel = d_sun self.comet_aphel_dt = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") elif d_sun > self.comet_aphel: self.comet_aphel = d_sun self.comet_aphel_dt = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") self.set_comet_trail_alpha(d_sun) panel_text = "哈雷彗星:\n距离太阳：%.3f AU" % (d_sun / AU) # panel_text += "\n离日最远：%.3f AU(%s)" % (self.comet_aphel / AU, self.comet_aphel_dt) panel_text += "\n离日最远：%.3f AU" % (self.comet_aphel / AU) # panel_text += "\n离日最近：%.3f AU(%s)" % (self.comet_peri / AU, self.comet_peri_dt) panel_text += "\n离日最近：%.3f AU" % (self.comet_peri / AU) # panel_text += "\n距离地球：%.3f AU" % (d_earth / AU) velocity, _ = get_value_direction_vectors(self.halley_comet.velocity) panel_text += "\n当前速度：%.3f km/s" % velocity self.text_panel.text = panel_text self.set_bodies_position(time_data) self.show_clock(dt) for i, orbit_line in enumerate(self.orbit_lines): orbit_line.position = self.sun.planet.position def on_body_trail_clicked(self, e): if e["key"] == "right mouse up": trail = e["sender"] d_sun = trail.entity_infos["distance_from_sun"] d_earth = trail.entity_infos["distance_from_earth"] t = trail.entity_infos["time"] # print("key:", e["key"]) msg = "哈雷彗星:\n距离太阳：%.3f AU" % (d_sun / AU) msg += "\n距离地球：%.3f AU" % (d_earth / AU) msg += "\n当前日期：[%s]" % t ControlUI.current_ui.show_message(msg, close_time=3) if __name__ == '__main__': """ 哈雷彗星场景模拟 """ # 远日点: 35.1 AU（2023年12月9日） # 近日点: 0.586 AU 上次通过近日点：1986年2月9日 下次通过近日点：2061年7月28日 # 2019年5月6日 34.772 params = HalleyCometParams( start_time='1982-09-24 00:00:00', # init_velocity=[-2.835, 4.72, 8.847], # init_velocity=[-2.826, 4.695, 8.86], # init_velocity=[-2.836, 4.705, 8.85], # init_velocity=[-2.80, 5.10, 8.65], # 1/8 init_velocity=[-2.774, 5.126, 8.65], # 1/8 init_position=[0, -5 * AU, -10 * AU] ) sim = HalleyCometSim(params) sim.build() # 订阅事件后，上面2个函数功能才会起作用 # 运行中，每时每刻都会触发 on_timer_changed UrsinaEvent.on_timer_changed_subscription(sim.on_timer_changed) # 运行前会触发 on_ready UrsinaEvent.on_ready_subscription(sim.on_ready) # 天体拖尾点击事件 UrsinaEvent.on_body_trail_clicked_subscription(sim.on_body_trail_clicked) # 使用 ursina 查看的运行效果 # 常用快捷键： P：运行和暂停 O：重新开始 I：显示天体轨迹 # position = 左-右+、上+下-、前+后- ursina_run(sim.bodies, SECONDS_PER_YEAR * RUN_SPEED, # position=(0, 2 * AU, -11 * AU), # position=(0, 0.5 * AU, -5 * AU), position=(2 * AU, -5 * AU, -20 * AU), cosmic_bg='', show_trail=True, # bg_music='sounds/no_glory.mp3', show_camera_info=False, # save_as_video=True, show_control_info=False, timer_enabled=True, show_grid=False )