diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
index 7eafbb571f841562f76397c036d648cdf2c7f599..0f0e931c06cfdb3594e8bbf6d464403841753e1f 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ def initialize(secret, options = {})
     end
 
     # Returns a derived key suitable for use.  The default key_size is chosen
-    # to be compatible with the acceptable key length of aes-256-cbc, the default cipher.
-    def generate_key(salt, key_size=32)
+    # to be compatible with the default settings of ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.
+    # i.e. OpenSSL::Digest::SHA1#block_length
+    def generate_key(salt, key_size=64)
       OpenSSL::PKCS5.pbkdf2_hmac_sha1(@secret, salt, @iterations, key_size)
     end
   end
@@ -30,10 +31,9 @@ def initialize(key_generator)
       @cache_keys = Concurrent::Map.new
     end
 
-    # Returns a derived key suitable for use.  The default key_size is chosen
-    # to be compatible with the acceptable key length of aes-256-cbc, the default cipher.
-    def generate_key(salt, key_size=32)
-      @cache_keys["#{salt}#{key_size}"] ||= @key_generator.generate_key(salt, key_size)
+    # Returns a derived key suitable for use.
+    def generate_key(*args)
+      @cache_keys[args.join] ||= @key_generator.generate_key(*args)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/key_generator_test.rb b/activesupport/test/key_generator_test.rb
index 6cf72f1fecf7fac78c17048e3d652ec60378a837..b60077460e0a4b3849611f216e0fb1e8dee2a809 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/key_generator_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/key_generator_test.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def setup
   test "Generating a key of the default length" do
     derived_key = @generator.generate_key("some_salt")
     assert_kind_of String, derived_key
-    assert_equal OpenSSL::Cipher.new('aes-256-cbc').key_len, derived_key.length, "Should have generated a key of the default size"
+    assert_equal 64, derived_key.length, "Should have generated a key of the default size"
   end
 
   test "Generating a key of an alternative length" do
@@ -27,6 +27,21 @@ def setup
     assert_kind_of String, derived_key
     assert_equal 32, derived_key.length, "Should have generated a key of the right size"
   end
+
+  test "Expected results" do
+    # For any given set of inputs, this method must continue to return
+    # the same output: if it changes, any existing values relying on a
+    # key would break.
+
+    expected = "b129376f68f1ecae788d7433310249d65ceec090ecacd4c872a3a9e9ec78e055739be5cc6956345d5ae38e7e1daa66f1de587dc8da2bf9e8b965af4b3918a122"
+    assert_equal expected, ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.new("0" * 64).generate_key("some_salt").unpack('H*').first
+
+    expected = "b129376f68f1ecae788d7433310249d65ceec090ecacd4c872a3a9e9ec78e055"
+    assert_equal expected, ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.new("0" * 64).generate_key("some_salt", 32).unpack('H*').first
+
+    expected = "cbea7f7f47df705967dc508f4e446fd99e7797b1d70011c6899cd39bbe62907b8508337d678505a7dc8184e037f1003ba3d19fc5d829454668e91d2518692eae"
+    assert_equal expected, ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.new("0" * 64, iterations: 2).generate_key("some_salt").unpack('H*').first
+  end
 end
 
 class CachingKeyGeneratorTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase