diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
index 81c535d962f292206024d77a87f62162dd2e09d1..f02d146e899d80676e4b499ac1a7942aff176d11 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
@@ -106,8 +106,7 @@ def self.add_touch_callbacks(model, reflection)
       touch       = reflection.options[:touch]
 
       callback = lambda { |record|
-        touch_method = touching_delayed_records? ? :touch : :touch_later
-        BelongsTo.touch_record(record, foreign_key, n, touch, touch_method)
+        BelongsTo.touch_record(record, foreign_key, n, touch, belongs_to_touch_method)
       }
 
       model.after_save    callback, if: :changed?
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
index 1cb177483ad6b0843259c6c07fcf58fc353fa99c..9e566031b833d8302c8ef16b6d42295f3d796cfd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
@@ -567,5 +567,9 @@ def _raise_record_not_destroyed
     ensure
       @_association_destroy_exception = nil
     end
+
+    def belongs_to_touch_method
+      :touch
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
index 4352a0ffeafcdc137576961dc5577ab8e8a707af..9a80a63e28c12a8c386b4b5388bbff12a6b1ba86 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@ def touch_later(*names) # :nodoc:
 
       surreptitiously_touch @_defer_touch_attrs
       self.class.connection.add_transaction_record self
+
+      # touch the parents as we are not calling the after_save callbacks
+      self.class.reflect_on_all_associations(:belongs_to).each do |r|
+        if touch = r.options[:touch]
+          ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder::BelongsTo.touch_record(self, r.foreign_key, r.name, touch, :touch_later)
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     def touch(*names, time: nil) # :nodoc:
@@ -26,6 +33,7 @@ def touch(*names, time: nil) # :nodoc:
     end
 
     private
+
       def surreptitiously_touch(attrs)
         attrs.each { |attr| write_attribute attr, @_touch_time }
         clear_attribute_changes attrs
@@ -33,9 +41,8 @@ def surreptitiously_touch(attrs)
 
       def touch_deferred_attributes
         if has_defer_touch_attrs? && persisted?
-          @_touching_delayed_records = true
           touch(*@_defer_touch_attrs, time: @_touch_time)
-          @_touching_delayed_records, @_defer_touch_attrs, @_touch_time = nil, nil, nil
+          @_defer_touch_attrs, @_touch_time = nil, nil
         end
       end
 
@@ -43,8 +50,9 @@ def has_defer_touch_attrs?
         defined?(@_defer_touch_attrs) && @_defer_touch_attrs.present?
       end
 
-      def touching_delayed_records?
-        defined?(@_touching_delayed_records) && @_touching_delayed_records
+      def belongs_to_touch_method
+        :touch_later
       end
+
   end
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/touch_later_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/touch_later_test.rb
index 7058f4fbe2e5490bed9842473297e86698fda49e..07dbb4b8f89e6bab8e495847a18902a414f8428d 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/touch_later_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/touch_later_test.rb
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ def test_touch_later_dont_hit_the_db
   end
 
   def test_touching_three_deep
-    skip "Pending from #19324"
-
     previous_tree_updated_at        = trees(:root).updated_at
     previous_grandparent_updated_at = nodes(:grandparent).updated_at
     previous_parent_updated_at      = nodes(:parent_a).updated_at