diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
index bc2f359c65a88d1349887fc06b6baa2c925723f8..3c44296d8c9572a79eb8777453b2357dfec3f2bc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
@@ -1154,8 +1154,9 @@ def respond_to_missing?(method, _)
         end
 
         def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
-          if scope.respond_to?(method)
-            scope.public_send(method, *args, &block)
+          if scope.respond_to?(method) && scope.extending_values.any?
+            extend(*scope.extending_values)
+            public_send(method, *args, &block)
           else
             super
           end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/extension_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/extension_test.rb
index 974a3080d4a8ff7742329e25333a3800be0f0ff6..87d842f21d7704f542c10e04e90a9573e1c809f4 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/extension_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/extension_test.rb
@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ def test_extension_with_scopes
     assert_equal comments(:greetings), posts(:welcome).comments.not_again.find_most_recent
   end
 
+  def test_extension_with_dirty_target
+    comment = posts(:welcome).comments.build(body: "New comment")
+    assert_equal comment, posts(:welcome).comments.with_content("New comment")
+  end
+
   def test_marshalling_extensions
     david = developers(:david)
     assert_equal projects(:action_controller), david.projects.find_most_recent
diff --git a/activerecord/test/models/post.rb b/activerecord/test/models/post.rb
index e74aedb814fcd88fbeedabcb9132804aa7447905..a2028b3eb98c72f8be44d57d917268923318a1c2 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/models/post.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/models/post.rb
@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ def newest
     def the_association
       proxy_association
     end
+
+    def with_content(content)
+      self.detect { |comment| comment.body == content }
+    end
   end
 
   has_many :comments_with_extend, extend: NamedExtension, class_name: "Comment", foreign_key: "post_id" do