diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/table_rows.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/table_rows.rb
index e8335a2e10dedb6e9bb80a9f9036424570ea8991..3e3c0bc7ab15de34fc9132f9422923dbb73fffa8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/table_rows.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/table_rows.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ def initialize(table_name, model_class:, fixtures:, config:)
         # track any join tables we need to insert later
         @tables = Hash.new { |h, table| h[table] = [] }
 
+        # ensure this table is loaded before any HABTM associations
+        @tables[table_name] = nil
+
         build_table_rows_from(fixtures, config)
       end
 
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/fixtures_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/fixtures_test.rb
index 82ca15b4153226c0361b51c4bef25c25978b6d4a..1092b9553fc2d4677680924954da4a9539e89058 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/fixtures_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/fixtures_test.rb
@@ -619,6 +619,10 @@ def test_has_many_through_with_renamed_table
     assert_equal load_has_and_belongs_to_many["parrots_treasures"], rows["parrot_treasures"]
   end
 
+  def test_has_and_belongs_to_many_order
+    assert_equal ["parrots", "parrots_treasures"], load_has_and_belongs_to_many.keys
+  end
+
   def load_has_and_belongs_to_many
     parrot = make_model "Parrot"
     parrot.has_and_belongs_to_many :treasures