diff --git a/.rubocop.yml b/.rubocop.yml
index 7433824b70345ec1d4af8a1a3a8ecb853f3b1231..8663034a1a26c3d52cb25459499345c5aebe10cf 100644
--- a/.rubocop.yml
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment:
   Include:
     - 'activesupport/**/*'
     - 'activemodel/**/*'
+    - 'actioncable/**/*'
     - 'activejob/**/*'
     - 'activerecord/**/*'
     - 'actionmailer/**/*'
diff --git a/actioncable/Rakefile b/actioncable/Rakefile
index e21843bb44cf32213c13637f4f3128818951c3ed..226d1711044a02842dcddd8b65a8500992a71b23 100644
--- a/actioncable/Rakefile
+++ b/actioncable/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rake/testtask"
 require "pathname"
 require "open3"
diff --git a/actioncable/actioncable.gemspec b/actioncable/actioncable.gemspec
index a72c0d2608f47a7d5bd2d3602df1cb9588733603..b5b98f1a6bd1ff9b6f21adf909308fad9046643b 100644
--- a/actioncable/actioncable.gemspec
+++ b/actioncable/actioncable.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 version = File.read(File.expand_path("../RAILS_VERSION", __dir__)).strip
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
diff --git a/actioncable/bin/test b/actioncable/bin/test
index 470ce93f103c0225defca30d08d605974e3ef4c6..c53377cc970f42558793cea55d75047e09aa2c42 100755
--- a/actioncable/bin/test
+++ b/actioncable/bin/test
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 COMPONENT_ROOT = File.expand_path("..", __dir__)
 require_relative "../../tools/test"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable.rb
index 9edd82e7b5fdfb120791479ee434927cad22e6a1..bd828b2d0fcbebf8ecde7c0d9548355e02cdb1a1 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Basecamp, LLC
 #
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel.rb
index 7ae262ce5f47a6d33eb34ce2967d523f1b9d130a..d2f6fbbbc7771f4d293628aad1975f5f8e1f7c6b 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Channel
     extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/base.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/base.rb
index 33b34b4da0eab98a1ee83f66dd2355bc48e3d3d9..c5ad749bfe4fed772dea8e782defd80526123557 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/base.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/base.rb
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def dispatch_action(action, data)
         end
 
         def action_signature(action, data)
-          "#{self.class.name}##{action}".tap do |signature|
+          "#{self.class.name}##{action}".dup.tap do |signature|
             if (arguments = data.except("action")).any?
               signature << "(#{arguments.inspect})"
             end
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/broadcasting.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/broadcasting.rb
index 23ed4ec94345974e1e65fdfaa9d45eb352b31ef9..acc791817bcc50d6422526d339be33a8f6540dff 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/broadcasting.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/broadcasting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/to_param"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/callbacks.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/callbacks.rb
index c740132c944aeb0a53d329cf32eb70ee347c4c52..4223c0d996cd452229f888db210cbf337561abe3 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/callbacks.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/callbacks"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/naming.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/naming.rb
index b565cb3cac9b61c60269a94f3abb75e960a418fb..03a5dcd3a041928890778892afec95ce663be516 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/naming.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/naming.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Channel
     module Naming
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/periodic_timers.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/periodic_timers.rb
index 90c68cfe849c998f1477219c18199e66fbcd6462..830b3efa3c82a95f22e92894f290141f0c924b8f 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/periodic_timers.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/periodic_timers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Channel
     module PeriodicTimers
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/streams.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/streams.rb
index dbba333353520c72f4be3c41af9b6013530ffdb6..81c2c3806468a82c42b3993d0b2d505d911d4461 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/streams.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/channel/streams.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Channel
     # Streams allow channels to route broadcastings to the subscriber. A broadcasting is, as discussed elsewhere, a pubsub queue where any data
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection.rb
index 902efb07e2baa6e73978f0e9bd551560633963c5..804b89a7070a32ebb6c54074f69808e2db922a3a 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Connection
     extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/authorization.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/authorization.rb
index 989a67d6df2a63376014843c516b4449a5631a27..a22179d988fe984872a6a3401919fa33bed63000 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/authorization.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/authorization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Connection
     module Authorization
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/base.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/base.rb
index ac5f405deadfd60fec8850514c821b3448ad8e39..8dbafe5105e43745accaa2c4c8a47fd4bc1502b7 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/base.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "action_dispatch"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/client_socket.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/client_socket.rb
index c7e30e78c899944c5313c1b63bec7d2a12dc182f..ba33c8b98270fbb91cbcdccbfab9dbedbff0a781 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/client_socket.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/client_socket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "websocket/driver"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/identification.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/identification.rb
index ffab359429690757f32ef3dadf04834f3c3c8b19..4b5f9ca1154986a322e78f641a2d84f9aabc3db2 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/identification.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/identification.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "set"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/internal_channel.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/internal_channel.rb
index 8f0ec766c34a725f3588d1289dda374180528664..f03904137b6db3b63f1c93916325a6be33ae2cb9 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/internal_channel.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/internal_channel.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Connection
     # Makes it possible for the RemoteConnection to disconnect a specific connection.
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/message_buffer.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/message_buffer.rb
index 4ccd322644ed0b0d1af08400ac5ca99db0702b29..f151a4707207068114db128b5a9fdd78a50903db 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/message_buffer.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/message_buffer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Connection
     # Allows us to buffer messages received from the WebSocket before the Connection has been fully initialized, and is ready to receive them.
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream.rb
index e620b9384559d3e0d936e328303c7a199eade088..4873026b71bfb87d59710ae770ea591e54d097dd 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "thread"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream_event_loop.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream_event_loop.rb
index 2d1af0ff9f02e5d50fd5e6030161efe29fcaa42c..d95afc50bad3f19d3f9d12f9588c801f5ae09e3a 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream_event_loop.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/stream_event_loop.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "nio"
 require "thread"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/subscriptions.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/subscriptions.rb
index 44bce1e195d5f241060f22ae5fe29791ca4a4c12..faafd6d0a68376e7c9cfb5ef381daa9bf6a56ad5 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/subscriptions.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/subscriptions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/tagged_logger_proxy.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/tagged_logger_proxy.rb
index aef549aa86ce4a6b3e01e3b0e9b316e92dbf1847..85831806a94c80054c260dbc1152149f468f304c 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/tagged_logger_proxy.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/tagged_logger_proxy.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Connection
     # Allows the use of per-connection tags against the server logger. This wouldn't work using the traditional
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/web_socket.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/web_socket.rb
index 27ae499f2968c4998ad6324785a09e42758bea1d..81233ace3476c05237c553a185281f57c19e5f35 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/web_socket.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/connection/web_socket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "websocket/driver"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/engine.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/engine.rb
index d8c49ec6e1b68f2cc01d51e86c002ecdf66400cf..c961f4734233d74eeb0b5cca54d3e5224fb9dc8a 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/engine.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/engine.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rails"
 require "action_cable"
 require_relative "helpers/action_cable_helper"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/gem_version.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/gem_version.rb
index 5d6f9af0bb8d5356a732331db22f33728cdb9662..af8277d06e7eba1a6e1cd4d58ff2ff654324e90e 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/gem_version.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/gem_version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded Action Cable as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>.
   def self.gem_version
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/helpers/action_cable_helper.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/helpers/action_cable_helper.rb
index f53be0bc31e4da7027d68696230fa999d3d1567e..df16c02e837e7b213303eac56eb91036f351a3e5 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/helpers/action_cable_helper.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/helpers/action_cable_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Helpers
     module ActionCableHelper
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/remote_connections.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/remote_connections.rb
index e689fbf21b46e051f7a7fa96a9537aef4f19c53d..a92b5e90b4c8e9622046cc0b064e55cfef4ee774 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/remote_connections.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/remote_connections.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   # If you need to disconnect a given connection, you can go through the
   # RemoteConnections. You can find the connections you're looking for by
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server.rb
index 22f93538254ed92645973869480603371d2d9b6f..8d485a44f6c75f1aa6fd0699445a39c49564cf38 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Server
     extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/base.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/base.rb
index 3b3a17a5329e3e0b4c8ccf6aa878b65bac321281..6c6f6c293635200e184a2cbd61b9cc834db6106e 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/base.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "monitor"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/broadcasting.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/broadcasting.rb
index 7fcd6c6587d7bd909773604d522bb58ea1e1f52a..bc54d784b3f10744a5b578cf4d2e3d87d63d36c1 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/broadcasting.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/broadcasting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Server
     # Broadcasting is how other parts of your application can send messages to a channel's subscribers. As explained in Channel, most of the time, these
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/configuration.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/configuration.rb
index 17e0dee064ef0ea4a11bf6663998ff51e9167028..82fed81a186faf0203898c3668d52ef139d89f9f 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/configuration.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/configuration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Server
     # An instance of this configuration object is available via ActionCable.server.config, which allows you to tweak Action Cable configuration
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/connections.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/connections.rb
index 5e61b4e335b14c45dd1f52d7287db1e0835ea96f..39557d63a79e523063f19ec3e14b87b6aff337d2 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/connections.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/connections.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Server
     # Collection class for all the connections that have been established on this specific server. Remember, usually you'll run many Action Cable servers, so
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker.rb
index 43639c27afdcc21e065b99364b60b76fc0eb63c5..c69cc4ac316b1a3a0dc018c42543d36ed89c193f 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/callbacks"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors_per_thread"
 require "concurrent"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker/active_record_connection_management.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker/active_record_connection_management.rb
index c1e4aa8103565fd20136971b39986ef94541c88f..2e378d4bf317b4a2cf020482868dff258069f14b 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker/active_record_connection_management.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/server/worker/active_record_connection_management.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module Server
     class Worker
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter.rb
index 596269ab9bf316fd81049d3c4320ebebb69883f7..bcece8d33b172aaa01f1e32295d3ab2df9f9d1e3 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module SubscriptionAdapter
     extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/async.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/async.rb
index 9169734471ddd1fea3253f2cf98495e0ad5879b5..96c18c4a2fdb6b4c53a4a46d3b43ece561472de2 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/async.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/async.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "inline"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/base.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/base.rb
index 796db5ffa354e7aad0bc8f8c5bf3b4b4a0257318..34077707fd018949b0df0d66482c9c19e04ac005 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/base.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module SubscriptionAdapter
     class Base
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
index 8b293cc7853abed05b9bd7a957d59b03f5f1c8f6..df0aa040f5ba2fcf32d74da1a90edc0b97730521 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module SubscriptionAdapter
     module ChannelPrefix # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/evented_redis.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/evented_redis.rb
index ae71708240f502739abfe67c8e0f7a485297c501..07774810ce1d314e209f52291d8c7e76d9c54d67 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/evented_redis.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/evented_redis.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "thread"
 
 gem "em-hiredis", "~> 0.3.0"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/inline.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/inline.rb
index 81357faead2c0f10dd0753b6e9d6fd38764b10c6..d2c85c1c8d582d0be6fba9f8dcd04c5a7d6ccbc4 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/inline.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/inline.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module SubscriptionAdapter
     class Inline < Base # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/postgresql.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/postgresql.rb
index 487564c46c75c92ec03b7b5f30e4fb3edb3bf3f1..a9c09499503d32192135b918ad245564ba02140d 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/postgresql.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/postgresql.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 gem "pg", "~> 0.18"
 require "pg"
 require "thread"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/redis.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/redis.rb
index 225609c2366e1e077aabd4baf8b4cf8ee44e970b..c64f55f5b74a71a9352a4c35a364305bfefc8c99 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/redis.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/redis.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "thread"
 
 gem "redis", "~> 3.0"
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map.rb
index 4cce86dccad78339d7ecba5e1a6ab4a431dae715..01cdc2dfa18603c34d4882bf5fcac46ee1a694af 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActionCable
   module SubscriptionAdapter
     class SubscriberMap
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/version.rb b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/version.rb
index d6081409f0e720e3663b7d8694be29e262aa7ccd..86115c60652083583bce59bf534c6a6f388dfc29 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/action_cable/version.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/action_cable/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "gem_version"
 
 module ActionCable
diff --git a/actioncable/lib/rails/generators/channel/channel_generator.rb b/actioncable/lib/rails/generators/channel/channel_generator.rb
index 80f512c94cc5b62afecbbaaf8374f0ea2f9bf0f5..c3528370c6d6a3e2b5f8266ee9148454e4abf0b2 100644
--- a/actioncable/lib/rails/generators/channel/channel_generator.rb
+++ b/actioncable/lib/rails/generators/channel/channel_generator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rails
   module Generators
     class ChannelGenerator < NamedBase
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/base_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/base_test.rb
index 9a3a3581e675f65e2fe52222cf577507a8dd677c..866bd7c21b4d52497a2ccc355cb0d1ef615aee59 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/base_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/base_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_connection"
 require "stubs/room"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/broadcasting_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/broadcasting_test.rb
index 3476c1db31fe540f17f34caa8e86dbfdd9a80efd..ab58f335110b8578d027b5e05a3ca518388be042 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/broadcasting_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/broadcasting_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_connection"
 require "stubs/room"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/naming_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/naming_test.rb
index 08f0e7be4829dfe4aaad495815b6e27269228c92..6f094fbb5ed08e23623edfeef810c112a4fd7edd 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/naming_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/naming_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 
 class ActionCable::Channel::NamingTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/periodic_timers_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/periodic_timers_test.rb
index 17a8e45a35d7a8d210d26ac33e2e1f0b935cabd0..500b984ca66656e2522212960a34ba2acfbe1b57 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/periodic_timers_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/periodic_timers_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_connection"
 require "stubs/room"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/rejection_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/rejection_test.rb
index 99c4a7603abea5ef305406fddcde002b5c0d7413..a6da014a21d5b3ad4224491fbac14690871f6539 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/rejection_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/rejection_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_connection"
 require "stubs/room"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/channel/stream_test.rb b/actioncable/test/channel/stream_test.rb
index 50fc7be30b3885f2855be24706f3150bde947d43..79c25d936f6a7674267e28c3cf9f9877e06068ba 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/channel/stream_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/channel/stream_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_connection"
 require "stubs/room"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/client_test.rb b/actioncable/test/client_test.rb
index 30ac1e9c389595565bc55b5cda82e9d68223b8f7..56b3ef143b4ad17f93f8d6085b72f646338ca702 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/client_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/client_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "concurrent"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/authorization_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/authorization_test.rb
index dcdbe9c1d1705c5b1831acdbdca8685ec35f3fcd..7d039336b84a6ee415658e1c176f07e61781e310 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/authorization_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/authorization_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/base_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/base_test.rb
index 9bcd0700cf968305b97e6b36c880165b1409c90b..99488e38c8c07ba6fcbd272a489136a325c2c5fd 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/base_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/base_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/json"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/client_socket_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/client_socket_test.rb
index bc3ff6a3d79ad6d1b1f1b4607026cb3a7947377d..2051216010caf72d8b444390f9ee14eab06073cf 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/client_socket_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/client_socket_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/cross_site_forgery_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/cross_site_forgery_test.rb
index 37bedfd7346a36238dd60426f0973a9503e10a9a..3e21138ffc2b73ee51f1e60fa2a1b0ae31a1e436 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/cross_site_forgery_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/cross_site_forgery_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/identifier_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/identifier_test.rb
index f3d3bc0603ed0bec31e012502157cc313bd270fc..6b6c8cd31aea8b7153d67410314ebafab00b50cc 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/identifier_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/identifier_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 require "stubs/user"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/multiple_identifiers_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/multiple_identifiers_test.rb
index ca1a08f4d63bc9c148da8abf794ece1efc9c4a57..230433a1107a4be4512e822c1395fb50520cc7cd 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/multiple_identifiers_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/multiple_identifiers_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 require "stubs/user"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/stream_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/stream_test.rb
index 36e1d3c095ce9f947d037c4e8e93d23d862d3798..b0419b09946c04434c96fd9bdc8bfe1a5e77e745 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/stream_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/stream_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/string_identifier_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/string_identifier_test.rb
index 6d53e249cb9294988257905f94d11d49f0bcad69..6387fb792c9f5ec93b5714a5374cf0bc87bc0474 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/string_identifier_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/string_identifier_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/connection/subscriptions_test.rb b/actioncable/test/connection/subscriptions_test.rb
index a1c8a4613c4d585dabc9b6e7aa895efef5f34a89..149a40604a7217307048e0467b71e0e63f537e2f 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/connection/subscriptions_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/connection/subscriptions_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 
 class ActionCable::Connection::SubscriptionsTest < ActionCable::TestCase
diff --git a/actioncable/test/server/base_test.rb b/actioncable/test/server/base_test.rb
index f0a51c5a7db818f01a16d681e7883dbe2fb9a5a4..1312e45f49e2d6011f138ac59fd09e4521d788a3 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/server/base_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/server/base_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/server/broadcasting_test.rb b/actioncable/test/server/broadcasting_test.rb
index ed377b7d5dafa288f13b949d99cac30aa85eaf63..72cec2623410a94c425bda5dd394297391c8c088 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/server/broadcasting_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/server/broadcasting_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/global_id.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/global_id.rb
index 334f0d03e8f86e70e0741842cc9e6da073e11dca..15fab6b8a723766e00f78412ccdf138915529dce 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/global_id.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/global_id.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class GlobalID
   attr_reader :uri
   delegate :to_param, :to_s, to: :uri
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/room.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/room.rb
index 1664b07d128c89dc43babd8b6da5e8a363f98cf3..df7236f4089099e567958b2df3c4613e240c2174 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/room.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/room.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Room
   attr_reader :id, :name
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_adapter.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_adapter.rb
index bbd142b287a25127004de3ef0cbc03f89521a96f..c4810469735ecc99d2a85f2f35c0e45101050823 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_adapter.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SuccessAdapter < ActionCable::SubscriptionAdapter::Base
   def broadcast(channel, payload)
   end
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_connection.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_connection.rb
index cd2e219d88572619f402e909c3f85da560fd55b9..fdddd1159e2f60d2034eed8cbf890aef171645c9 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_connection.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_connection.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "stubs/user"
 
 class TestConnection
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_server.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_server.rb
index 5bf2a151dc6c55850d2a29cc78a6a021b4d7d97f..0bc4625e28fa021d99653d5309bf8bcf30a4b4e0 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/test_server.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/test_server.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "ostruct"
 
 class TestServer
diff --git a/actioncable/test/stubs/user.rb b/actioncable/test/stubs/user.rb
index a66b4f87d55920cd1ff243252842c0d4cf09139f..7894d1d9ae5664b6a081b482363d3136d8c4316f 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/stubs/user.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/stubs/user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class User
   attr_reader :name
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/async_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/async_test.rb
index 8a447c7a4f2cba9d3be358ecaf210f18ba1eef12..6e038259b55ce0c726d0ef49ba21da8229463d4e 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/async_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/async_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require_relative "common"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/base_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/base_test.rb
index 5793415b5ff155f9150d1989f64a56e3a0d8ecf7..999dc0cba10699e31f7aa338fa87ebcdc4aee18f 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/base_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/base_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "stubs/test_server"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
index 9ad659912eb96306712b122b2ec49bcc80c402cf..3071facd9dde9502cde351387d9950cfa14a7462 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/channel_prefix.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 
 class ActionCable::Server::WithIndependentConfig < ActionCable::Server::Base
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/common.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/common.rb
index 80baf2f771f1fedf3e89e6f7b19277f3409c0382..c533a9f3ebdafbf5ec08bd1e5d440b69f94d5b5f 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/common.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/common.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require "concurrent"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/evented_redis_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/evented_redis_test.rb
index 1c99031ab0f04ff8543e4fc9e6a3b770370aaa5a..e3e0a0c72afeea13dcb012013c818f52c7be4758 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/evented_redis_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/evented_redis_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require_relative "common"
 require_relative "channel_prefix"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/inline_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/inline_test.rb
index eafa3df2df1842ee1ff4cc7940f158639fbbcbbb..6305626b2bb39963adb1227c1cc000cdc92e63dd 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/inline_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/inline_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require_relative "common"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/postgresql_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/postgresql_test.rb
index 29c746733ddb1a3d16338b94b5da16f6ee2ef806..1c375188bad32f1cf99b33c7017e9e65f1846f14 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/postgresql_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/postgresql_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require_relative "common"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/redis_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/redis_test.rb
index 60596dd205a2a114afb87d4916de7e34f5215981..69120d57532839bbc21c6a6a8e28a3bd544fd391 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/redis_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/redis_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 require_relative "common"
 require_relative "channel_prefix"
diff --git a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map_test.rb b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map_test.rb
index 76b984c8495a224fc69cd8dc49e40e733d0cd0c1..ed81099cbc6e743aca05cdc3f57cc0639766c32b 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/subscription_adapter/subscriber_map_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 
 class SubscriberMapTest < ActionCable::TestCase
diff --git a/actioncable/test/test_helper.rb b/actioncable/test/test_helper.rb
index 5d246c2b7661208133ad14e54d944f17da52fe24..2a4611fb3701f79fb3bbe9c01a55929f8cfc9239 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "action_cable"
 require "active_support/testing/autorun"
 
diff --git a/actioncable/test/worker_test.rb b/actioncable/test/worker_test.rb
index 3385593f745ea8156fc99595faea622fd179840b..bc1f3e415a013bf60a5f81df2fff79bf6ea2e58f 100644
--- a/actioncable/test/worker_test.rb
+++ b/actioncable/test/worker_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "test_helper"
 
 class WorkerTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase