diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/database_statements.rb
index fc94cf9e4242aadd7289e679189c4e0f0ac8b99b..3c9338ac798636051edf5eefed83afded6734f30 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/database_statements.rb
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def exec_delete(sql, name = "SQL", binds = [])
         alias :exec_update :exec_delete
 
         def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation) #:nodoc
-          raise ArgumentError, "SQLite3 only supports the `read_uncommitted` transaction isolation level" if isolation != :read_uncommitted
+          raise TransactionIsolationError, "SQLite3 only supports the `read_uncommitted` transaction isolation level" if isolation != :read_uncommitted
           raise StandardError, "You need to enable the shared-cache mode in SQLite mode before attempting to change the transaction isolation level" unless shared_cache?
 
           Thread.current.thread_variable_set("read_uncommitted", @connection.get_first_value("PRAGMA read_uncommitted"))
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/sqlite3/transaction_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/sqlite3/transaction_test.rb
index 5d65312d36282c95f93de00c96677d3d39231bb1..afe94f4114c39509c9315bc7594b9019d3588eb9 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/sqlite3/transaction_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/sqlite3/transaction_test.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class SQLite3TransactionTest < ActiveRecord::SQLite3TestCase
 
   test "raises when trying to open a transaction in a isolation level other than `read_uncommitted`" do
     with_connection do |conn|
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      assert_raises(ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError) do
         conn.transaction(requires_new: true, isolation: :something) do
           conn.transaction_manager.materialize_transactions
         end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/transaction_isolation_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/transaction_isolation_test.rb
index 84fdb544ba31fa4ba51534434203dcea105b2a4c..7f59602eb5237928b788f5c4e7500fc6e3c23771 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/transaction_isolation_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/transaction_isolation_test.rb
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ class Tag < ActiveRecord::Base
     end
 
     test "setting the isolation level raises an error" do
-      skip if current_adapter?(:SQLite3Adapter)
-
       assert_raises(ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError) do
         Tag.transaction(isolation: :serializable) { Tag.connection.materialize_transactions }
       end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/transactions_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/transactions_test.rb
index 1d210e3d156b8e8a8d2f41e3dac97844cc09e723..c6a8b920c15a923e9ad490cbb6860666c94ab5b4 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/transactions_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/transactions_test.rb
@@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@ def test_no_automatic_savepoint_for_inner_transaction
   end
 end if Topic.connection.supports_savepoints?
 
-if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_transaction_isolation? && !in_memory_db?
+if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_transaction_isolation? && !current_adapter?(:SQLite3Adapter)
   class ConcurrentTransactionTest < TransactionTest
     # This will cause transactions to overlap and fail unless they are performed on
     # separate database connections.