parallel_executor.cc

/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License. */

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/parallel_executor.h"
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph_helper.h"

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/ir/graph.h"

#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/nccl_helper.h"
#endif

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/fast_threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/multi_devices_helper.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/scope_buffered_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/details/threaded_ssa_graph_executor.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/profiler.h"

#ifdef WITH_GPERFTOOLS
#include "google/gperftools.h"
#endif
DEFINE_string(PEProfileFName, "",
              "Profiler filename for PE, which generated by gperftools."
              "Only valid when compiled `WITH_PRIFILER=ON`. Empty if disable.");

namespace paddle {
namespace framework {
static std::once_flag gProfileOnce;
static bool gProfileStarted = false;
class ParallelExecutorPrivate {
 public:
  explicit ParallelExecutorPrivate(const std::vector<platform::Place> &places)
      : places_(places) {
    if (!FLAGS_PEProfileFName.empty()) {
      std::call_once(gProfileOnce, [] {
#ifdef WITH_GPERFTOOLS
        ProfilerStart(FLAGS_PEProfileFName.c_str());
        gProfileStarted = true;
#else
        LOG(WARNING) << "Paddle is not compiled with gperftools. "
                        "FLAGS_PEProfileFName will be ignored";
#endif
      });
    }
  }

  ~ParallelExecutorPrivate() {
    if (own_local_scope_) {
      for (size_t i = 1; i < local_scopes_.size(); ++i) {
        // Skip the first scope, since it is the global scope.
        Scope *local_scope = local_scopes_[i];
        if (global_scope_->HasKid(local_scope)) {
          global_scope_->DeleteScope(local_scope);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  std::vector<platform::Place> places_;
  std::vector<Scope *> local_scopes_;
  Scope *global_scope_;  // not owned
  std::unique_ptr<details::SSAGraphExecutor> executor_;

#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
  std::unique_ptr<platform::NCCLContextMap> nccl_ctxs_;
#endif
  bool own_local_scope_;
  bool use_cuda_;
  bool use_all_reduce_;
};

std::vector<Scope *> &ParallelExecutor::GetLocalScopes() {
  return member_->local_scopes_;
}

ParallelExecutor::ParallelExecutor(
    const std::vector<platform::Place> &places,
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &params,
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &bcast_vars,
    const ProgramDesc &main_program, const std::string &loss_var_name,
    Scope *scope, const std::vector<Scope *> &local_scopes,
    const ExecutionStrategy &exec_strategy, const BuildStrategy &build_strategy,
    size_t num_trainers, size_t trainer_id)
    : member_(new ParallelExecutorPrivate(places)) {
  member_->global_scope_ = scope;
  member_->use_cuda_ = exec_strategy.use_cuda_;
  member_->use_all_reduce_ =
      build_strategy.reduce_ == BuildStrategy::ReduceStrategy::kAllReduce;

  if (!member_->use_all_reduce_) {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(places.size() > 1,
                   "If you set build_strategy.reduce with 'Reduce',"
                   "the number of places must be greater than 1.");
  }

  // Step 1. Bcast the params to devs.
  // Create local scopes
  if (local_scopes.empty()) {
    member_->own_local_scope_ = true;
    member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(member_->global_scope_);
    for (size_t i = 1; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
      member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(&scope->NewScope());
    }
  } else {
    member_->own_local_scope_ = false;
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->places_.size(), local_scopes.size());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
      member_->local_scopes_.emplace_back(&local_scopes[i]->NewScope());
    }
  }

  if (member_->use_cuda_) {
// Bcast Parameters to all GPUs
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
    auto *nccl_id_var = scope->FindVar(NCCL_ID_VARNAME);
    ncclUniqueId *nccl_id = nullptr;
    if (nccl_id_var != nullptr) {
      nccl_id = nccl_id_var->GetMutable<ncclUniqueId>();
    }
    member_->nccl_ctxs_.reset(new platform::NCCLContextMap(
        member_->places_, nccl_id, num_trainers, trainer_id));
#else
    PADDLE_THROW("Not compiled with CUDA");
#endif
  }

  if (member_->local_scopes_.size() != 1 && local_scopes.empty()) {
    BCastParamsToDevices(bcast_vars);
  }
// Startup Program has been run. All local scopes has correct parameters.

// Step 2. Convert main_program to SSA form and dependency graph. Also, insert
// ncclOp
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph = build_strategy.Apply(
      main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name, params,
      member_->local_scopes_, member_->use_cuda_, member_->nccl_ctxs_.get());

  auto max_memory_size = GetEagerDeletionThreshold();
  if (max_memory_size >= 0) {
    for (auto &place : member_->places_) {
      if (!platform::is_gpu_place(place)) continue;
      auto gpu_place = boost::get<platform::CUDAPlace>(place);
      if (gcs_[gpu_place.device] == nullptr) {
        ref_cnts_[gpu_place.device].reset(new details::ReferenceCountMap());
        cur_ref_cnts_[gpu_place.device].reset(
            new details::AtomicReferenceCountMap());
        gcs_[gpu_place.device].reset(
            new StreamGarbageCollector<Tensor>(gpu_place, max_memory_size));
      }
    }
    if (!gcs_.empty()) {
      auto ref_cnt_pass =
          ir::PassRegistry::Instance().Get("reference_count_pass");
      ref_cnt_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kGlobalReferenceCount, &ref_cnts_);
      ref_cnt_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kCurReferenceCount, &cur_ref_cnts_);
      ref_cnt_pass->SetNotOwned(details::kGarbageCollector, &gcs_);
      graph = ref_cnt_pass->Apply(std::move(graph));
      graph->SetNotOwned("garbage_collector", &gcs_);
    }
  }
#else
  std::unique_ptr<ir::Graph> graph =
      build_strategy.Apply(main_program, member_->places_, loss_var_name,
                           params, member_->local_scopes_, member_->use_cuda_);
#endif

  // Step 3. Create vars in each scope. Passes may also create new vars.
  //         skip control vars and empty vars
  std::vector<details::VariableInfo> var_infos;
  for (auto &node : graph->Nodes()) {
    if (node->IsVar() && !node->IsCtrlVar() && node->Var()) {
      var_infos.emplace_back();
      var_infos.back().name_ = node->Var()->Name();
      var_infos.back().type_ = node->Var()->GetType();
      var_infos.back().persistable_ = node->Var()->Persistable();
    }
  }
  // If the loss_var_name is given, the number of graph should be only one.
  if (loss_var_name.size()) {
    size_t graph_num = ir::GraphNum(*graph);
    if (graph_num > 1) {
      LOG(WARNING)
          << "The number of graph should be only one, "
             "but the current graph has "
          << ir::GraphNum(*graph)
          << " sub_graphs. If you want to see the nodes of the "
             "sub_graphs, you should use 'FLAGS_print_sub_graph_dir' "
             "to specify the output dir. NOTES: if you not do training, "
             "please don't pass loss_var_name.";
    }
  }

  if (exec_strategy.type_ == ExecutionStrategy::kDefault) {
    member_->executor_.reset(new details::ThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, places, std::move(graph)));
  } else {
    member_->executor_.reset(new details::FastThreadedSSAGraphExecutor(
        exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, places, std::move(graph)));
  }

  member_->executor_.reset(new details::ScopeBufferedSSAGraphExecutor(
      exec_strategy, member_->local_scopes_, std::move(var_infos),
      member_->places_, std::move(member_->executor_)));
}

void ParallelExecutor::BCastParamsToDevices(
    const std::unordered_set<std::string> &vars) const {
  // the initializing bcast, all vars would be bcast from device(0).
  for (auto &var : vars) {
    framework::Variable *main_var = member_->local_scopes_[0]->FindVar(var);
    if (main_var == nullptr || !main_var->IsType<LoDTensor>()) {
      continue;
    }

    auto &main_tensor = main_var->Get<LoDTensor>();
    if (!main_tensor.IsInitialized()) {
      VLOG(3) << "one in var not inited, return!";
      continue;
    }
    auto &dims = main_tensor.dims();
    if (paddle::platform::is_gpu_place(main_tensor.place())) {
#if defined(PADDLE_WITH_CUDA) && !defined(_WIN32)
      std::vector<void *> buffers;
      size_t numel = main_tensor.numel();
      ncclDataType_t data_type = platform::ToNCCLDataType(main_tensor.type());
      for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
        auto place = member_->places_[i];
        void *buffer;

        if (i == 0) {
          buffer = const_cast<void *>(main_tensor.data<void>());
        } else {
          auto local_scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
          auto *t = local_scope->Var(var)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
          t->Resize(dims);
          buffer = t->mutable_data(place, main_tensor.type());
        }
        buffers.push_back(buffer);
      }

      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->places_.size(), buffers.size(),
                        "variables' buffer size to bcast NOT equal to places");
      {
        platform::NCCLGroupGuard guard;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
          auto &nccl_ctx = member_->nccl_ctxs_->at(member_->places_[i]);
          platform::dynload::ncclBcast(buffers[i], numel, data_type, 0,
                                       nccl_ctx.comm_, nccl_ctx.stream());
        }
        member_->nccl_ctxs_->WaitAll();
      }
#else
      PADDLE_THROW("Not compiled with CUDA");
#endif
    } else {
      platform::CPUPlace cpu;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < member_->places_.size(); ++i) {
        if (i == 0) continue;

        auto local_scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
        auto *t = local_scope->Var(var)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();

        // FIXME(zcd): LR_DECAY_COUNTER should not be shared. This is a hot fix.
        if (member_->use_all_reduce_ || member_->use_cuda_ ||
            var == "@LR_DECAY_COUNTER@") {
          t->Resize(dims);
          t->mutable_data(cpu, main_tensor.type());
          paddle::framework::TensorCopy(main_tensor, cpu, t);
        } else {
          t->ShareDataWith(main_tensor);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

void ParallelExecutor::Run(const std::vector<std::string> &fetch_tensors,
                           const std::string &fetched_var_name) {
#ifdef WITH_GPERFTOOLS
  if (gProfileStarted) {
    ProfilerFlush();
  }
#endif

  platform::RecordBlock b(0);
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
  if (!gcs_.empty()) {
    ResetReferenceCount();
    for (auto &pair : cur_ref_cnts_) {
      auto &name_map = *(pair.second);
      for (auto &fetch_name : fetch_tensors) {
        name_map.erase(fetch_name);
      }
      name_map.erase(fetched_var_name);
    }
  }
#endif
  auto fetch_data = member_->executor_->Run(fetch_tensors);
  *member_->global_scope_->Var(fetched_var_name)->GetMutable<FeedFetchList>() =
      fetch_data;
}

void ParallelExecutor::FeedTensorsIntoLocalScopes(
    const std::vector<std::unordered_map<std::string, LoDTensor>> &tensors) {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(member_->local_scopes_.size(), tensors.size());

  for (size_t i = 0; i < tensors.size(); ++i) {
    auto &map = tensors[i];
    auto *scope = member_->local_scopes_[i];
    for (auto &pair : map) {
      auto *trg = scope->Var(pair.first)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
      trg->ShareDataWith(pair.second);
      trg->set_lod(pair.second.lod());
    }
  }
}

void ParallelExecutor::FeedAndSplitTensorIntoLocalScopes(
    const std::unordered_map<std::string, LoDTensor> &tensors) {
  for (auto pair : tensors) {
    auto lod_tensors = pair.second.SplitLoDTensor(member_->places_);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
        member_->places_.size(), lod_tensors.size(),
        "The number of samples of current batch is less than the count of "
        "devices, currently, it is not allowed. (%d vs %d)",
        member_->places_.size(), lod_tensors.size());
    for (size_t j = 0; j < member_->places_.size(); ++j) {
      // TODO(panxy0718): Do I need to delete this var?
      auto t =
          member_->local_scopes_[j]->Var(pair.first)->GetMutable<LoDTensor>();
      t->ShareDataWith(lod_tensors[j]);
      t->set_lod(lod_tensors[j].lod());
    }
  }
}

ParallelExecutor::~ParallelExecutor() {
  for (auto &p : member_->places_) {
    platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(p)->Wait();
  }
  // member_ must be destructed before gcs_ since the destructor of
  // ReferenceCountOpHandle use raw pointers of gcs_ inside.
  member_.reset();
}

}  // namespace framework
}  // namespace paddle
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
USE_PASS(reference_count_pass);
#endif